2026新高二英语暑假衔接讲义（人教版）第6讲 U1 Reading and Thinking（教师版）

【暑假辅导班】

新高二英语暑假精品课程（人教版）

第6讲选择性必修一Unit1ReadingandThinking

【核心知识点讲解】

1.commitvt.承诺;保证(某个人、机构等)

vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)

*Hewouldnotcommithimselfinanyway.

他无论如何都不愿做出承诺。

*Hecommittedhimselftotheproject,andhiseffortspaidoff.

他全心投入这项工程,他的努力有了回报。

*Committoyourplanandfollowitthrough.

忠于你的计划并将其进行到底。

*Thecompanyiscommittedtoexpandingtheproductdevelopmentofthemarket.

公司现致力于将产品市场发展扩大。

*Hemadeacommitmenttohisparents:livingwiththemafterretirement.

他对父母做出了一个承诺:退休后同他们一起生活。

【词块积累】

(1)commitoneself(todosth.)承诺(做某事)

commitoneselftosth.全身心投入/致力于某事

committosth./sb.忠于某事/某人

(2)committedadj.尽心尽力的;坚定的,坚信的

becommittedtosth./doingsth.专心于(做)某事

(3)commitmentn.委托,承诺

makeacommitmenttosb.向某人承诺

2.evaluatevt.评价;评估

*Theteacherevaluatedtheperformanceofeachstudent.

教师对每个学生的表现做出了评价。

*Firstofall,theythinkthiskindofevaluationwillencourageteacherstoimprovetheirteachingskills.

首先,他们认为这种评价会鼓励教师改进他们的教学手段。

*Inthispaperwesuggestedanumberofevaluativemeasurestoevaluatetheeffectivenessofsearchengines.

在本文中,我们提出了一些评价措施来评价搜索引擎的有效性。

【词块积累】

evaluatetheperformance评价表现

evaluationn.评价

evaluativeadj.评价的

3.obtainvt.(尤指经努力)获得,赢得

vi.(规章、习俗等)存在;流行

*Onlywithfirmdeterminationwillweobtainsuchchange.

只有带着坚定信念我们才能取得这样的改变。

*Thefollowinginformationwasobtainedfromacompany’sfinancialstatements.

以下信息来自一家公司的财务报表。

【词块积累】

beobtainedfrom从……中得到

【易混辨析】

acquirev.多指经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等,也可表示对财物等的获得,该词强调“一经获得就会

长期持有”的含义。

attainv.指经过不懈的努力获得未曾预料到的结果;也可指达到某一目标。

obtainv.获得,买到,用于正式语体中。

gainv.指通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处;亦可指军事上的武力夺取等。

earnv.挣得,赢得,指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。

achievev.得到,获得,多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。

4.acknowledgevt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢

*Weacknowledgehimasagenius.

我们承认他是个天才。

*Youhavetoacknowledgethatit’syourownfault.

你必须承认这是你自己的过错。

*Wearesendingyousomemoneyinacknowledgementofyourvaluablehelp.我们寄些钱给您以感谢您的宝贵

帮助。

【词块积累】

(1)beacknowledgedas...被认为是……

Itisuniversally/generallyacknowledgedthat...普遍认为……

(2)acknowledgementn.承认,感谢

5.defeatn.失败;挫败vt.击败;战胜

*TuYouyouwouldnotacknowledgedefeat.

屠呦呦不会轻易认输的。

*Hedeclaredthatweweretodefeatthosewhoattemptedtoteartheworlddownintime.

他宣布:我们迟早会打败那些企图撕裂世界的人。

*Thisiswhymostseniorhighschoolstudentssufferdefeateveryday.

这就是如今大多数高中生每天遭受失败的原因。

*Thesesetbacksshouldnotbeacknowledgedasdefeat,however.

但是,这些挫折不能被看作失败。

【词块积累】

takedefeat接受失败

sufferdefeat遭受失败

6.analysevt.分析

*(2019·北京高考)Isthemainpurposeofthepassagetoanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchain?

这篇文章的主要目的是分析海洋食物链的组成吗?

*Ontheonehand,everyonepossiblymakesmistakes,ontheotherhand,notallanalyticalmistakesareequal.

一方面,每个人都有可能犯错误;另一方面,分析方面的错误并不是都一样。

*Iknowagoodworldispossibleifweleaveemotionasideandjustworkanalytically.

我知道一个美好的世界是可能的,如果我们将情绪放在一边,只是理性地进行分析。

*Couldyoutellmesomemoreaboutyourmarketanalysisthathasjustbeenfulfilledrecently?

请你多告诉我一些你们近来刚刚完成的市场分析好吗?

【词块积累】

analysisn.分析;分解;验定(复数为:analyses)

analyticaladj.分析的;解析的;善于分析的

analyticallyadv.分析地;解析地

7.insistvi.&vt.坚持;坚决要求

*(2020•全国Ⅲ卷)Butsheinsistsonuseatinghealthyfood.

但她坚持要我们吃健康的食物。

*Thoughallhisfriendsblamedhim,heinsistedthathehaddonenothingwrong.

尽管他所有的朋友都责备他,但他坚持认为他没做错任何事。

*MymotherinsistedthatI(should)cleanmyroomfirst.

妈妈强烈要求我先把我的房间打扫干净。

【词块积累】

insiston/upon(doing)sth.坚持(做)某事

insistthat...

(1)坚持说/认为……(从句内容表示一个事实,从句谓语按实际需要选择时态)

(2)强烈要求/坚持……(从句用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略)

【巧学助记】

InsistingthatTomhadstolenhiscar,MrSmithinsistedthathe(should)beputintoprison.

由于坚持认为汤姆偷了他的小汽车,史密斯先生强烈要求把他关进监狱。

【知识延伸】

insiston的同义表达还有:stickto,persistin

8.UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize,shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine.”

当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,屠呦呦说:“荣誉不仅仅属于我自己。”

【句式解构】在本句中,“介词upon+动词-ing形式”构成介词短语,用作时间状语。upon还可转换为介词on,

表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生。这种用法常见于正式的文体,依据语境,可译作“在……的时候;当……时;

一……就……”。

*Uponrealizingtheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection,ourgovernmenttakeseffectivemeasurestomanage

it.

一意识到环境保护的重要性,我们的政府就采取了有效的治理措施。

*Upontheirreturntothecountry,thegirlsofthevolleyballteamreceivedpraiseandflowers.

女排姑娘们一回国,就收到了赞誉和鲜花。

*Uponfinishingit,CaoXueqinwasstruckbythefeelingthatADreamofRedMansionswasthebestworkhehad

everwritten.

完成这部作品时,曹雪芹就感到《红楼梦》是他写过的最好的著作了。

注意：

“一……就……”的句型小结

(1)Assoonas/Once/When+时间状语从句,+主句

(2)Themoment/instant/second/minute+时间状语从句,+主句

(3)Instantly/Immediately/Directly+时间状语从句,+主句

(4)On/Upon+动名词/名词,+主句

(5)Nosoonerhad+主语+过去分词...+than+主语+动词的过去式:

*Nosoonerhadhearrivedhomethanhewasaskedtostartonanotherjourney.

他刚到家,就被要求出另一次差。

(6)Hardly/Scarcely/Rarely+had+主语+过去分词...+when+动词的过去式:

*Hardlyhadshegoneoutwhenitbegantosnow.

她刚出门,天就开始下雪了。

(7)Atthesight/thought/mentionof+名词,+主句:

*Atthesightofhim,IremembermybrotherwhoisworkinginShanghai.

看到他我就想起了我那在上海工作的弟弟。

【要点拾遗】

1.distinctadj.清晰的;清楚的;有区别的

*Hersingingstyleisquitedistinctfrommine.

她的演唱风格与我的截然不同。

*CaliforniahasthedistinctionofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA.

加州有着美国最具多元文化的州的荣誉。

【词块积累】

distinctfrom与……不同

distinctly明显地;无疑地,确实地

distinction区别,差别;特性;荣誉,勋章

2.conclusionn.结论;推论

*OvertheyearsI’vecometotheconclusionthatshe’saverygreatmusician.

这些年来,我得出的结论是她是一位非常伟大的音乐家。

*Heconcludedhisclasswithafunnystory.

他以一个有趣的故事结束了他的课。

*Toconclude,IwishyouaHappyNewYear.

总之,祝你们新年快乐。

【词块积累】

(1)concludev.推断出,得出结论;(使)结束,终止

conclude...with...以……结束……

concludefrom...that...从……中得出结论

toconclude最后,总之

(2)inconclusion最后,总之

cometotheconclusion得出结论

3.apparentlyadv.显而易见;看来;显然

*(2020•全国Ⅰ卷)Thekidsapparentlyknowthetruth.

孩子们显然知道真相。

*Itwasapparentfromherfacethatshewasreallyupset.

从面容上就可以看出她确实心烦意乱。

【词块积累】

Itis/wasapparentthat...很显然……

4.crucialadj.至关重要的;关键性的

*(2019·江苏高考)Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatmakingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess.

我们能从这篇文章中学到,做出正确的职业选择对个人成功至关重要。

*OurPartyhavefoundtwoissuesofcrucialimportance:developmentandecology.

我们党已经发现了两个至关重要的问题:发展和生态。

*Thistypeofquestioningputsresponsibilitiesontheclientstoexplainwhattheywant,whichiscrucial.

这样的提问可以把责任放到客户身上,让他们解释自己需要什么,这很重要。

*Gettingthiscontractiscrucialtothefutureofourcompany.

签订此项合同我们公司的前途至关重要。

【词块积累】

crucialto/forsth.至关重要的;决定性的

crucially关键地;至关重要地

5.objectiven.目标;目的adj.客观的

*(2019·天津高考)Theauthor’sviewonfactualreadingisthatitwouldprovidetrueandobjectiveinformation.

作者对事实性阅读的观点是它将提供真实和客观的信息。

*We’lltrytolookattheissueobjectively,fromthestandpointoftheITprofessional.

我们试图从IT专业人员的角度客观地看待这个问题。

*Ifshedoesnotobjecttoit,whyshouldwe?

如果她不反对,我们为什么要反对?

*Wehave/takeanobjectiontoteamingupwiththem.

我们反对/不赞成和他们合作。

【词块积累】

(1)objecttosb./sb.’sdoingsth.反对某人做某事

(2)have/takeanobjectiontodoingsth.反对做某事

raiseanobjectiontodoingsth.对做某事提出异议

6.Usingalowertemperaturetodrawouttheextract,shefoundasubstancethatworked.

用较低的温度提取提取物,她发现了一种有效的物质。

【句式解构】

句中“Usingalowertemperatureto...extract”是v.-ing分词短语作状语。v.-ing分词作状语可以表示原因、时

间、条件、方式、伴随等。

*Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.

听到这个消息时,他们都高兴得跳了起来。

*Takingthepaththatleadsoutofthetown,youwillcometoadensewood.

沿着通向郊外的小道前进,你将会走到一片密林处。

*Micerunoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.

田鼠从田野里跑出来寻找藏身之处。

7.In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveofdiscoveringanewtreatment

formalaria,andTuYouyouwasamongthefirstresearcherschosen.

1967年,中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍,屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究

人员。

【句式解构】

该句是一个由and连接而成的并列复合句。介词短语withtheobjective...作第一个分句的状语,表示目的。

短语中的objective也可用aim/purpose/goal等替换。第二个分句中chosen是过去分词用作定语,修饰thefirst

researchers。

*TuYouyoutriedasecondtimewiththeaimoffindingoutthepropermaterialtocuremalaria.

屠呦呦又试了一次,希望能找到治愈疟疾的合适物质。

*ChairmanMaocameherewiththepurposeofinspectinganimportanttaskcarriedout.

毛主席来这里是为了检查一项重要任务的执行情况。

*Whencrossingtheriver,theRedArmytakecarenottotouchthetreesnewlyplantedbytheriver.

渡河的时候,红军战士小心翼翼,以防碰到了河边新种的树木。

*Withgreatcare,the3-year-oldboyputawaythebooksnewlydistributedatschoolyesterday.

这个三岁大的男孩小心翼翼地收起来昨天在学校新发的书。

注意：

with引导的介词短语作状语,在英语句子中是一个很常见的现象。至于其所作状语的类型,我们需要根

据句子上下文意思和其具体的语法功能来判断。有时,复杂的with介词短语可以转换为独立主格结构:

Withhomeworkfinished,hewentouttoplaybasketball.

转换为独立主格结构:

Homeworkfinished,hewentouttoplaybasketball.

【基础训练】

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1.Thedigitaleconomyis(关键的)intoday’sworld.

2.Culturalexchangeis(极其重要的)forthecountrieslikeChinaandFijitolearnfromeachother

forcommondevelopment.

3.An(客观的)statementisbasedonfactsandobservations.

4.Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbe(评价)intermsofoverallquality.

5.Thechildrenfrompoorfamilieswereata(明显的)disadvantage.

6.Thehospitalhasrecently(获得)newmedicalequipment,allowingmorepatientstobetreated.

7.Thecandidatewavedhishandsto(感谢)thecheersofthecrowd.

8.Withherluggageinherhands,thegirlstoodlookingroundinalldirections,but(显然)no

onehadcometomeether.

9.Hisdiscoveryisoneofthegreatest(科学的)achievementsofthedecade.

10.Thisbookteachesyouhowto(分析)whatiscausingthestressinyourlife.

Ⅱ.选词填空

commitoneselfto,bedistinctfrom,beacknowledgedas,insiston,leadto,bychance

1.Silkrayonineveryrespect.

2.HestudyEnglish.

3.Hiswordsaheateddiscussionamongthestudents.

4.Shethebesttennisplayerintheworld.

5.Ourbuyershighstandardsofworkmanshipandmaterials.

6.Thepairmetoften—atfirstbutlaterbydesign.

Ⅲ.完成句子

1.,Ihadafeelingofprideandasenseofachievement.

一登上山顶,我就有自豪感和成就感。

2.,thebearcameoutofthebushes.

熊从灌木丛里出来,露出牙齿,发出一种巨大的声音。

3.Thisnovel,,isverytouching.

这本小说我已经读了三遍,它很感人。

4.Iatoybearforherbirthdaypresent.

我建议给她买一个玩具熊作为生日礼物。

5.physicalactivityiscontrolledbythebrain,notbythe

environment.

我们的结论是,身体活动是由大脑控制的,而不是由环境控制。

IV.阅读理解

A

(2020·汕头高二检测)

Onthe70thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,ChinesescientistTuYouyou,

winnerofthe2015NobelPrizeforthediscoveryofartemisinin,hasbeenawardedChina’sMedaloftheRepublic.

Themedalisthecountry’shighesthonourforoutstandingfiguresthathavemadegreatcontributionstothe

constructionandthedevelopmentoftheP.R.C.

TuYouyou,bornin1930,hasbecomethefirstChinesewomantowinaNobelPrize,forherworkin

helpingtocreateananti-malariamedicine.The84-year-old’sroutetothehonourhasbeenanythingbuttraditional.

InChina,sheisbeingcalledthe“threenos”winner:nomedicaldegree,nodoctorate,andshe’snever

workedoverseas.In1967,malaria,athendeadlydisease,spreadbymosquitoeswasdecimatingChinese

soldiersfightingAmericansinthejunglesofnorthernVietnam.Asecretresearchunit“Mission523”wasformedto

findacurefortheillness.Twoyearslater,TuYouyouwasinstructedtobecomethenewheadof“Mission523”.

“Mission523”readancientbookscarefullyforalongtimetofindhistoricalmethodsoffightingmalaria.

Whenshestartedhersearchforananti-malariadrug,morethan240,000compounds(化合物)aroundtheworld

hadalreadybeentested,withoutanysuccess.Finally,theteamfoundabriefreferencetoonesubstance,sweet

wormwood,whichhadbeenusedtotreatmalariainChinaaround400A.D.Theteamtookoutoneactive

compoundinwormwood,andthentestedit.ButnothingwaseffectiveuntilTuYouyoureturnedtotheoriginal

ancienttext.Afteranothercarefulreading,shechangedthedrugrecipeonefinaltime,heatingthecompound

withoutallowingittoreachboilingpoint.

Afterthedrugshowedpromisingresultsinmiceandmonkeys,TuYouyouvolunteeredtobethefirsthuman

recipientofthenewdrug.“Inanycase,TuYouyouisconsistentlypraisedforherdriveandpassion”.Oneformer

colleague,LiandaLi,saysMsTuis“unsociableandquitestraightforward”,addingthat“ifshedisagreeswith

something,shewillsayit.”

Anothercolleague,FumingLiao,whohasworkedwithTuYouyouformorethan40years,describesher

asa“toughandstubbornwoman”.Stubbornenoughtospenddecadespiecingtogetherancienttexts,sheapplies

themtomodernscientificpractices.Theresulthassavedmillionsoflives.

1.AccordingtoParagraph2,wecanlearnthat______.

A.TuisthefirstwomantowinaNobelPrize

B.Tuhasamedicaldegree

C.Tu’sroadtosuccessisnottraditional

D.Tudiscoveredacureformalaria

2.Theunderlinedword“decimating”inParagraph2canbereplacedby______.

A.encouragingB.killing

C.annoyingD.benefiting

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Tufirstinventedtheideaofusingsweetwormwoodasacure.

B.TuwasinspiredbymedicaltextbookspublishedinnorthernVietnam.

C.Thecompoundneedstobeheatedtotheboilingpointtobeeffective.

D.Over240,000compoundswereprovedineffectivebeforeTu’ssearch.

4.TuYouyoucanbebestdescribedasa______person.

A.devotedandstubborn

B.straightforwardandmean

C.considerateandtough

D.sociableandgenerous

B

Whatarescientists?Theyareoftendescribedasgray-hairedwhite-coateddullscholars.

Buttheworldhaschanged.Youngscientistsaremakingtheirvoicesheardandreleasingtheirpowersonthe

worldstage.

ThisisalsotrueinChina.RisingstarsincludenewmaterialsexpertGongYongji,universityprofessorLiu

Mingzhen,andbiologistWanRuixue.Attheageof28in2018,WanRuixuereceivedthe2018Science&

SciLifeLabPrizeforYoungScientists.Thisisaglobalprizetorewardoutstandingscientistsatanearlystageof

theircareers.

Shefocusesmainlyonbiomedicine(生物医学)andartificialintelligence(人工智能).“Botharecutting-edge

(前沿)technologiesatanearlystageofdevelopment,”shesaid.

“So,Ithinktheyhavegreatpotentialtobedeveloped.Ithinkinthestudyofcutting-edgetechnologies,

Chinaandotherleadingcountriesintheworldarestandingonthesamestartingline.Andinthestudyofstructural

biology,Chinaislikelytobecometheleader.”

Shefeltitwasherfatetobecomeabiologist.“Igrewinterestedinthenaturalworld,whenIwasvery

young,”shesaid.In2009,sheenteredSunYat-senUniversity.

Inherthirdyearattheuniversity,sherealizedthatshewantedtodosomethingrelatedtobiomedicine.So

sheemailedChina’stopbiologistShiYigong,hopingtojoinhislabatTsinghuaUniversity.

Shirecognizedhertalentandwelcomedher.Yearsofeffortsatthelabhavepaidoff.Herresearchonthe

high-definition3Dstructureofspliceosomeledtoascientificbreakthrough.

Unlikemanyofotheryoungscientistswhochoosetopursuefurtherstudyabroad,Wancurrentlyhasnoplan

togooverseas.

“ThewholeecosystemforscientificresearchiscontinuallyimprovinginChina,”shesaid,addingthe

countryhasgreatsciencefacilities.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“releasing”inParagraph2mean?

A.Givingout.B.Gettingover.

C.Findingout.D.Takingover.

6.WhatdoesWanRuixuefeelaboutthestudyofcutting-edgetechnologiesinChina?

A.Anxious.B.Confident.

C.Disappointed.D.Satisfied.

7.WhatcanwelearnaboutWanRuixue’sjourneyofbecomingabiologist?

A.Herteacherledherintothefield.

B.Shefindsit’seasierthanshethought.

C.Hercontributionhasbeenrecognized.

D.Shethinksit’sboringbutworthtrying.

8.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.China’sBreakthroughinScience

B.RisingYoungScientistsinChina

C.WanRuixue:ASuccessfulYoungScientist

D.NewImageofChineseScientists

参考答案

Ⅰ.1.Thedigitaleconomyiscrucial(关键的)intoday’sworld.

2.Culturalexchangeisvital(极其重要的)forthecountrieslikeChinaandFijitolearnfromeachotherfor

commondevelopment.

3.Anobjective(客观的)statementisbasedonfactsandobservations.

4.Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbeevaluated(评价)intermsofoverallquality.

5.Thechildrenfrompoorfamilieswereatadistinct(明显的)disadvantage.

6.Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtained(获得)newmedicalequipment,allowingmorepatientstobetreated.

7.Thecandidatewavedhishandstoacknowledge(感谢)thecheersofthecrowd.

8.Withherluggageinherhands,thegirlstoodlookingroundinalldirections,butapparently(显然)noone

hadcometomeether.

9.Hisdiscoveryisoneofthegreatestscientific(科学的)achievementsofthedecade.

10.Thisbookteachesyouhowtoanalyse(分析)whatiscausingthestressinyourlife.

Ⅱ.1.Silkisdistinctfromrayonineveryrespect.

2.HecommittedhimselftostudyEnglish.

3.Hiswordsled/leadtoaheateddiscussionamongthestudents.

4.Sheisacknowledgedasthebesttennisplayerintheworld.

5.Ourbuyersinsistonhighstandardsofworkmanshipandmaterials.

6.Thepairmetoften—atfirstbychancebutlaterbydesign.

Ⅲ.1.Upon/Onreachingthetopofthemountain,Ihadafeelingofprideandasenseofachievement.

2.Showinghisteethandmakingaloudnoise,thebearcameoutofthebushes.

3.Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.

4.Isuggestbuyingheratoybearforherbirthdaypresent.

5.Weconcluded/madeaconclusionthatphysicalactivityiscontrolledbythebrain,notbytheenvironment.

Ⅰ.

A

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