2021年全国统考英语一历年真题（含答案详解）

2021年全国统考英语一历年真题（含答案详解）一、单项选择题（共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Inthepassage,theword"pivotal"mostprobablymeans______.A.essentialB)controversialC)predictableD)preliminary解析：根据上下文，pivotal在文中指对整个事件起决定性作用的关键因素，故选A。选项B、C、D分别表示“有争议的”“可预测的”“初步的”，均不符合文意。2.Theauthor'sattitudetowardtheissueofclimatechangecanbebestdescribedas______.A.indifferentB)skepticalC)supportiveD)ambivalent解析：文中作者通过数据对比和专家观点，明确指出气候变化是真实存在的威胁，并呼吁采取行动，故选C。其他选项均与文意相反。3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTasymptomofclimatechange?A.IncreasedfrequencyofwildfiresB)RisingsealevelsC)DecreasedsnowfallinwinterD)Improvedagriculturalyields解析：文中列举了气候变化的三大危害（火灾加剧、海平面上升、降雪减少），D选项“农业产量提升”与气候变化的负面影响不符，故选D。4.Thephrase"adouble-edgedsword"inthesecondparagraphimpliesthat______.A.thetechnologyhasbothbenefitsanddrawbacksB)thetechnologyishighlyadvancedC)thetechnologyiswidelyusedD)thetechnologyisoutdated解析：原文指出该技术能提高效率，但也带来环境污染问题，故选A。B、C、D均未体现“双刃剑”的矛盾性。5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tocriticizethegovernment'spolicyB)TointroduceanewscientificdiscoveryC)ToanalyzethecausesofclimatechangeD)Toadvocatefortechnologicalinnovation解析：全文围绕气候变化的危害、应对措施展开，重点分析其影响，故选C。其他选项均偏离主题。6.Theword"mitigate"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto______.A.worsenB)ignoreC)reduceD)eliminate解析：原文指出采取措施可以缓解气候变化，mitigate意为“减轻”，故选C。其他选项均与文意相反。7.Accordingtothepassage,whichgroupismostlikelytobenefitfromthenewtechnology?A.EnvironmentalistsB)FarmersC)IndustrialcompaniesD)Consumers解析：文中提到该技术能降低企业生产成本，故工业公司受益最大，选C。其他选项未在文中提及。8.TheauthorusestheexampleoftheArcticto______.A.highlighttheseverityofclimatechangeB)supportthegovernment'spolicyC)introduceanewtechnologyD)compareeconomicgrowthrates解析：文中通过北极融化现象说明气候变化的严重性，故选A。其他选项与文意不符。9.Thephrase"asilverbullet"inthefourthparagraphsuggeststhat______.A.thesolutionisperfectB)theproblemiscomplexC)thesolutionistemporaryD)thesolutionisexpensive解析：原文指出单一措施难以解决气候变化问题，silverbullet比喻“万能解药”，故选C。其他选项均与文意相反。10.Whatistheauthor'srecommendationforindividualstoaddressclimatechange?A.AvoidusingmoderntechnologyB)ReducecarbonemissionsC)RelyongovernmentsupportD)Investinrenewableenergy解析：文中强调个人应减少碳排放，故选B。其他选项均未在文中提及。二、多项选择题（共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutclimatechangearetrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Itisprimarilycausedbyhumanactivities.B)Ithasnoimpactonpolarregions.C)Itleadstoextremeweatherevents.D)Itcanbecompletelyreversed.解析：正确选项为A、C，文中指出人类活动是主因，且气候变化导致极端天气；B、D与文意不符。2.Thepassagementionsthreesolutionstoclimatechange.Whicharethey?A.PlantingmoretreesB)UsingrenewableenergyC)ReducingmeatconsumptionD)Buildingmoredams解析：正确选项为A、B、C，文中分别提及植树造林、清洁能源、低碳饮食；D选项未提及。3.Whatevidencedoestheauthorusetosupportherargument?A.ExpertopinionsB)StatisticaldataC)PersonalanecdotesD)Historicalrecords解析：正确选项为A、B，文中引用科学家观点和数据；C、D未在文中体现。4.Thephrase"atickingtimebomb"refersto______.A.thepotentialdangerofclimatechangeB)therapidgrowthoftechnologyC)theslowresponseofgovernmentsD)thehighcostofsolutions解析：正确选项为A、C，比喻气候变化是定时炸弹，且政府应对迟缓；B、D与文意不符。5.Whichgroupsarementionedasbeingaffectedbyclimatechange?A.FarmersB)渔民C)TouristsD)Politicians解析：正确选项为A、B、C，文中分别提及农业减产、渔业受损、旅游业受影响；D未提及。6.Theauthorcriticizeswhichaspectsofthecurrentapproachtoclimatechange?A.LackofglobalcooperationB)InsufficientfundingC)Short-termsolutionsD)Overemphasisontechnology解析：正确选项为A、B、C，文中指出全球合作不足、资金短缺、措施临时；D未提及批评。7.Whatarethebenefitsofthenewtechnologymentionedinthepassage?A.Itreducespollution.B)Itlowerscosts.C)Itincreasesefficiency.D)Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.解析：正确选项为A、B、C，文中分别强调减排、降本、增效；D未明确提及。8.Thepassageimpliesthat______.A.currentpoliciesareeffectiveB)technologicalinnovationisthekeysolutionC)individualactionsmatterD)climatechangeisexaggerated解析：正确选项为C，文中强调个人责任；A、B、D与文意相反。9.Whichfactorscontributetoclimatechangeaccordingtothepassage?A.IndustrialemissionsB)DeforestationC)VehicleexhaustD)Solaractivity解析：正确选项为A、B、C，文中指出工业、森林砍伐、汽车尾气是三大因素；D未提及。10.Whatistheauthor'stonetowardtheissue?A.CautiousB)OptimisticC)CondemningD)Neutral解析：正确选项为A、C，作者既担忧问题严重性，又批评现有措施；B、D与文意不符。三、判断题（共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassagestatesthatclimatechangeisanaturalphenomenonwithnohumaninfluence.(×)解析：文中明确指出人类活动是主因，故错误。2.Theauthorbelievesthattechnologicalinnovationistheonlysolutiontoclimatechange.(×)解析：文中强调技术需与政策结合，故错误。3.Thephrase"adouble-edgedsword"suggeststhatthetechnologyhasnonegativeeffects.(×)解析：原文指出技术有利有弊，故错误。4.TheArcticregionisnotaffectedbyclimatechangeaccordingtothepassage.(×)解析：文中明确提及北极融化，故错误。5.Theauthorrecommendsthatindividualsshouldcompletelystopusingmoderntechnology.(×)解析：文中建议减少碳排放而非完全禁用技术，故错误。6.Thepassagementionsthatclimatechangeleadstoimprovedagriculturalyields.(×)解析：文中指出农业减产，故错误。7.Theauthorsupportsthegovernment'scurrentpoliciesonclimatechange.(×)解析：文中批评政策不足，故错误。8.Thephrase"asilverbullet"impliesthatthesolutionisperfect.(×)解析：比喻解决方案非万能，故错误。9.Theauthorsuggeststhatsolaractivityisamajorcauseofclimatechange.(×)解析：文中未提及太阳活动，故错误。10.Thepassageconcludesthatclimatechangecanbecompletelyeliminated.(×)解析：文中强调缓解而非消除，故错误。四、