仁爱英语八年级下册第六单元知识点

用爱和赞美激发孩子的潜能，用科学合理的方法铸就孩子的未来！八年级下册教材Unit6Topic1Review：四个花费：spend/take/cost/pay1.spend(in)doing/on2.ittakessbsometimetodosth3.sthcostsbsomemoney4.sbpay···for或payfor···课文重点短语：goonavisitto去...参观/旅游bybike/bus/airpian骑自行车/乘公共汽车/飞机makethedecision做决定findout查明找出overthephone通过电话decideon决定...mypleasure不用谢haveagoodship=enjoyoneself玩的愉快booksometickets预定.makearoomreservation预定一个房间asksbforsth向某人要...comeupwith想出atnoon在中午seethesunrise看日出inthedaytime在白天placesofinterest名胜古迹giveashow演出，作秀givesbashow给某人展示课文重点讲解：1.wewillgoonatwo-dayvisittoMountTai.我们将去泰山进行为期两天的旅行。two-day“”,这是带有数字的复合形容词,复合形容词用连字符号连接时,名词要用单数。如：一个十四岁的男孩a100-meterrace2.too...todosth.太...而不能做某事So...that+从句如此...以至于...3.短语辨析：findout/lookfor/findfindout找出,查明真相canyoufindoutthetruthaboutit?lookfor寻找；强调寻找这一动作Iamlookingformykeys.Find找到强调找的结果Ican’tfindmyshoes.4.We’lldecideonthebestwaytogoonourfieldtrip.(1)decideonsth选定/决定某事物：Wewilltrytodecideonaschool.(2)decidetodosth.决定去做某事hedecidestoplaybasketball.(3)makeadecision做决定theyaremakinganimportantdecision.5.draw-drew-drawn,draw即可作名词也可作动词，作名词时意为“抽签”6.Thetrainleavesat11:45a.m.(1)leave出发，表示出发，动身的有：setoff/out=startoff/out(2)leavefor动身去…I’llleaveforBeijingtomorrow.明天我将离开（这儿）去北京。7.Wehaveticketsat￥145forthehardsleeper.(1)at意为“以,在”常用于价格，年龄，速度，比率等数词前。如：at＄20;at70k/h.训练：Heboughttheapples_____agoodprice.Thecarran_____aspeedof120k/h.(2)for表“供，适合于”IgottwoticketsfortheCupFinal.8.I’dliketobook21ticketsforthehardsleeper.(1)book=order“预定”，order/bookaroomforsb.为某人定一个房间。e.g.：wewanttobooksomeroomsfor14th.(2)ticketsforthehardsleeper=hardsleepertickets.9.Iamlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.(1)lookforwardto盼望…(在此to为介词，后接动词ing/名词/代词.)(2)hearfromsb收到某人的来信10.haveagood/nice/greattime=enjoyoneself=havefun.玩得高兴，过得愉快11.Assoonaswearrivedthere,webegantoclimbMountTai.assoonas=when引导时间状语从句，表“一…就…”While1.用于对比两件事物，意为“而，然而···”2.引导时间状语从句，意为“在···期间，当···时候，与···同时”thebestwaytodo···做什么事情的好方法语法链接：动词不定式动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种。所谓非谓语动词就是不作谓语，没有人称和数的变化的动词。不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成。To只是不定式的一个符号，没有任何实际意义。另外，动词不定式具有动词的性质可以带宾语和状语，不定式加上它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。不定式可以作除谓语以外的其它句子成分。一：具体用法如下：1.作宾语动词不定式作及物动词的宾语，常用的及物动词有：begin,want,hope,forget,remember,like,love,need,try,ask,learn,wish,agree,choose,start,plan,decide,refuse等。e.g.IbegantolearnFrench.LiuMeiwantstoasktheteacheraquestion.句中tolearnFrench,toasktheteacheraquestion分别作谓语动词began,wants的宾语。2.作宾语补足语e.g.Tellthechildrennottoplayontheload..MyfayhertoldmetoturntheTVup.Ioftenhelpmymother(to)dohouseworkathome.句中nottoplayontheload,toturntheTVup,(to)dohousework分别作tell,told,help的宾语补足语。注：（1）作动词ask,tell,want,order,invite,wish,allow,teach等的宾语补足语时，动词不定式要带to.e.g.CanyouaskTomtospeakmoreslowly.？（2）表示感官和使役的动词listento,feel,hear,see,watch,let,make等，作这些动词的宾语补足语时，动词不定式不带to.e.g.Myparentsdon’tletmeswimintheriver.（3）作动词help的宾语补足语时，动词不定式可带to,也可不带.e.g.Couldyouhelpme(to)dothecookingthisafternoon?Hecan’thelpme(to)mendmybike.3.作主语当动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而往往将动词不定式放在谓语或表语之后作真正的主语。e.g.It’shardtoansweryourquestion.也可以说成：Toansweryourquestionishard.如果要说明动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可在不定式前加一个forsb.作它的逻辑主语。e.g.It’sdifficultforustofinishthework.如果表语是kind,nice,right,wrong,good,clever,polite,careful,careless,foolish等描述行为者本身的性格,品质的形容词时，则应在不定式前加ofsb.作它的逻辑主语。e.g.It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.4.作状语(1).作目的状语e.g.Heransofasttocatchthefirstbus.(2).作结果状语e.g.Theyweretooexcitedtosayaword.(3)作原因状语e.g.Shewouldn’tbesosillytodothat.5.作表语（1）主语是不定式（表示条件），表语是不定式（表示结果）。e.g.Toworkmeanstomakealiving（2）主语是duty,hope,idea,job,plan,problem,purpose,thing,wish等名词为中心的短语，或是以what引导的名词性从句，不定式短语对主语起补充说明的作用。e.g.Themostimportantthingistosavetheboyfirst6.作定语动词不定式作定语时，总是后置。当被修饰的词是它的逻辑宾语时，则不定式动词必须是及物动词。如果不定式动词是不及物动词，就要用必要的介词，使其构成及物的短语动词。e.g.–Shoppingwithme.-Sorry,Ihavealotofclothestowash.此处wash与被修饰的名词clothes有动宾关系。e.g.Hegavemeaninterestingbooktoread.如果不定式动词是不及物动词，后面就得加相应的介词e.g.Hewantstofindachairtositon.注：下列词语后常接动词不定式作定语。Chance,wish,time,way,thefirst,need,theonly,thelast,right,promise等e.g.Hehasnotimetoseethefilm.二、.动词不定式的否定形式其否定形式是在不定式前加note.g.Idecidednottoaskhimagain.三、.动词不定式短语可以和疑问词what,which,how,where,when等连用。e.g.Idon’tknowwhattodo.e.g.Couldyoutellmewheretobuythescarf?跟踪练习：（）1.

Withalotofdifficultproblems___,thepresidentishavingahardtime.

A.settled

B.settling

C.tosettle

D.beingsettled（）2.Whowillyouget___theprojectforus?

A.design

B.todesign

C.designed

D.designing（）3.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas___tocarryallthewayhome.

A.muchtooheavy

B.toomuchheavy

C.heavytoomuch

D.tooheavymuch（）4.Asaresultofmylaziness,Ifailed___myworkintime.A.andfinishedB.tofinishC.andfinishingD.tofinished（）5.

Ifeelitanhonour___tospeakhere.A.tobeasked

B.toask

C.havingasked

D.asked单选()1.—Whataboutgoingshoppingtogether? —Sorry,Ihavealotofhomework____. A.do B.todo C.doing D.did()2.It’simpossibleforus____thereonfootintwohours. A.toget B.get C.getting D.got()3.—ThoughMikeis____boy,hecansaymanywords. —Howclever! A.an-one-year-old B.aone-year-old C.anone-yearold D.aone-yearold()4.—Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow? —Heaskedthem____themathproblem. A.discussing B.discussed C.todiscuss D.discuss()5.—I’llgoonavisittoMountHuang. —____ A.Thankyou. B.Haveagoodtrip! C.Nevermind. D.Mypleasure.()6.Iwant____theanswertotheproblem.Couldyouhelpme? A.tocomeupwith B.comingupwith C.comeupwith D.cameupwith()7.Theforeignvisitors____watchingBeijingOperaatHaidianTheater. A.lookedforwardto B.lookingforwardto C.lookforwardto D.willlookforwardto()8.Therearesomanybags.Youcan____anyone. A.choosefrom B.pickfrom C.decide D.choose()9.—Howmuchdidyournewcar____you? —￥800000. A.spend B.pay C.cost D.take()10.Theywilldecidewhether____themovieTheSoundofMusicatthecinema. A.see B.tosee C.seeing D.sawUnit6Topic2课文重点短语：onvacation在度假makeaplan制定计划comealongwithsb和...在一起climbamountain爬山knockat/on敲门atthefootof在...脚下Inthecenterof在···的中心onbothsidesof...在...的两旁oneachsideof...在...的每一边intheolddays在古代rideone’sbike骑自行车parkone’sbike停车takeout拿出takepictures/photos照相stepon踩在...上pushone’swayout挤出一条路outofsight看不见raiseone’shead抬头jumpupanddown上上下下地跳getoff下车下马belost迷路，走失shoutat喊叫asksbforhelp向...寻求帮助28.havefun=enjoyoneself玩得开心课文重点解析：1.bebusy(in)doing忙于做某事havefun(in)doing从···中获得乐趣2.Wouldyouhelpmeplanatrip?planatrip制定旅行计划would与you连用表示请求或要求，would比will更可气，更委婉。在表示请求别人做某事时常用can/could,could更礼貌。肯定回答时用can/may.,不用coulde.g.-Could/caniaskyouaquestion-Yes,ofcourseyoucan.Cover动词有多种含义1.掩饰，掩盖Shecoveredherfacewiehherhands2.覆盖Snowcoveredtheground3.占（一片面积）Ourschoolcoversabout1000squaremeters4.880meterslong880米长类似的结构还有：10metershigh/wide/deep10米高，宽，深.5.It’sabouttwoandahalfhoursbybike.(1)同义句：It’sabouttwoandahalfhours’ride.(2)twoandhalfhours=twohoursandahalf两个半小时6.must表推测意为“一定是，准是”may表推测时可能性较小can表推测时，多用于否定句或疑问句7.Theyweresurprisedatthewonders.besurprisedat对…感到吃惊besurprisedtodo···惊奇地做···8.Inthe+方位名词+of···指在某一范围内的地区Tothe+方位名词+of···指互不接壤并互不管辖的两个地区Onthe+方位名词+of···指相互接壤但互不管辖的两个地区e.g.BeijingisinthenorthpartofChinaJapanistotheeastofChinaShangdongisonthenortheastofHenan9.Whilethecrowdwaspushinghiminalldirections.(1)inalldirections向四面八方（=ineverydirection)inthedirectionof朝…方向Inone’sdirection朝着某人的方向10.can’twaittodo迫不及待地做某事can’thelpdoing情不自禁地做某事/忍不住做某事not···until···直到···才···until后接表示时间的短语或从句，从句中的谓语动词必须是非持续性动词。当until用于肯定句中时，意为“直到···为止”此时主句中的谓语动词应用持续性动词e.g.Wedidn’tleavetheparkuntiltherainstoppedWewaitedintheparkuntiltherainstoppedassoonas意为1.“一···就”引导表示时间的状语从句Pleasecallmeassoonasyougetthere2.意为“尽快” I’llfinishitassoonaspossibleraise：vt1.表示“提升，举起，提起” 后必须接宾语。Heraisedahandingreetingrise也可表示升起，但不能接宾语Thesunrisesintheeast2.意为“筹集，召集”WeareraiseingmoneyfortheprojectHope3.意为“饲养，种植”toraisecows/corn养牛，种植玉米语法链接：时间状语从句在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。一般情况下，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，主句是过去时态，从句也要用相应过去的时态。引导时间状语从句的连接词有：when,while,as,assoonas,before,after,since,until等.根据意义和主从句之间的时间关系，可分类如下:1表示同时性，即主从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。其连接词有:when,while,assoonas,once等。e.g.Marycutherfingerwhenshewasmakingadress.I’llringyouupassoonasIarriveinBeijing.Onceyouseeher,you’llneverforgether.Asshewasreadingthenewspaper,grandmafellasleep.Workwhileyouwork,Playwhileyouplay.2表示先后，即主句的谓语动作发生在从句之前或之后主要的连接词有after,before,when(在···之后)=after.e.g.After/Whenthechildrenhadgonetobed,shebegantoprepareherlessons.HehadlearnedEnglishforthreeyearsberorehewenttoLondon.3表示持续或瞬间性,主要连接词有：since,eversince,until,till(直到···才/为止等。e.g.Itisjustaweeksinceweleftourschool.Tenyearshaspassedsinceweleftourschool.注：（1）until用于肯定句中，表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生或状态出现时为止。一般意为“······到·····为止”。这种用法中，主句的谓语动词必须是持续性动词（非瞬间动词）。如：live,wait,last,love,like,stay,work,continue等。（2）用于否定句中，表示主句的动作在从句的动作发生之前尚未发生，或者说主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始。此句型为not···until····意为直到····才···，此时，主句的谓语动词可以是非持续性动词。跟踪练习：()1.Whenmymotherreturnedlastnight,I____abook.

A.readB.amreadingC.wasreadingD.amgoingtoread()2I’llwakeyouupwhenhe____back.

A.willB.isgoingtocomeC.comesD.come()3What____you____whenitbegantorain?

A.do,doB.were,doingC.are,doingD.did,do()4Itwasnot＿shetookoffherdarkglasses__Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then().5—Whatwasthepartylike?—Wonderful.It'syears_____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.since()6.Thechildwas__immediatelyaftersupper.A.enoughtiredtogotobedB.tootiredtogotobedC.sotiredthathewenttobedD.verytired,hewenttobed单选()1.—WhereisJapan,doyouknow?—It’s____theeastofChina. A.in B.at C.to D.on()2.ThemooncakesfromGuangdongsmellnice,____theytasteverydelicious. A.and B.so C.but D.then()3.—Marycan’thelp____thehouse.Why?—Becausesheisbusy____ahotelreservation. A.toclean;makingB.cleaning;makingC.cleaning;tomake D.toclean;tomake()4.You’dbetterringupyourparents____yougetthere. A.when B.until C.while D.assoonas()5.Mr.Green____gotobed____hefinishedhisworklastnight. A.does;until B.don’t;until C.didn’t;until D.isn’t;until()6.Theofficialwaslookingatapostcardsadly____hisworkmatecamein. A.while B.when C.after D.before()7.—I’msorrythatJohnisout.—Pleaseaskhimtocallmeassoonashe____. A.returned B.returns C.willreturn D.isreturning()8.TheMingTombsare____theTianshouMountains,inthenorthwestofBeijing. A.atthefootof B.intheeastof C.inthemiddle D.inthesouthof()9.Igot99inthisEnglishexam,somyEnglishteacher____me. A.wasangrywith B.wasangryabout C.wassatisfiedwith D.wassatisfywith()10.Ittookus____tofinishthiswork. A.threehourandahalfB.threeandahalfhourC.threeandhalfhours D.threeandahalfhoursUnit6Topic3Review:时间状语从句课文重点短语：lendone’snametosth以某人的名字命名（某地方）saveenergy节约能源causeairpollution引起空气污染emptyinto流入，走进.turntotheleft/turnleft向左转slowdown减速runinto撞到rushto猛冲takesbtothehospital带...去医院indanger处在危险中trafficstation汽车站goalongtheroad/gostraightahead直走gethurt受伤incaseof如果，假使Share···with···与···分享inaword=inshort简而言之，一句话，总之lookout当心，小心，留神Over=morethan超过课文重点解析：1.Ifpeopleobeythetrafficrules,therewillbefeweractions.rule名词，规则obeytherules遵守规则therulesoflaw法规动词统治，管理CharleIruledelevenyearsbefore与ago的区别：before常用于现在完成时态，ago常用于一般过去时态，e.g.(1)Ihavebeentherebefore.(2)Iwenttheretwodaysago.Alittlemoreconfident更自信一点，moreconfident是confident的比较级，alittle···一点，much···得多，两者都可以放在比较级前，用来加强比较的程度。e.g.SheisalittleyoungerthanheThisbagismuchheavierthanthatone4.Therewasasharpturn.短语：asharpturn一个急转弯turn此处作为名词，意为车辆的转弯，转向Makealeft/rightturnintoweststreetusesthfordoingsth运用···做某事E.g.Wecanusemobiephonesfortakingphotosnow.6.Ifwebreakthetrafficrules,wewillgetafineandevenbeindanger.(1)break/disobeytherules违反规则；obeytherules遵守规则breakv打破，违反，破坏 n停顿，休息haveabreak(2)getafine受到罚款finen罚金，罚款adj健康的，舒适的7.ontheleft-handsideoftheroad=ontheleftoftheroad.在路的左边payattentionto(doing)sth“对··注意，当心”to是介词，后接名词或动名词等作宾语。notice1.v看到，注意到e.g.Inoticedthemcomein2.n通知，布告，公告牌e.g.Look,thereisanoticeontheboardcalln.Givesbacallv.callsb(up)Winner获胜者为动词win的名词形式类似的构词法有；Play玩，打球-player,运动员post邮寄-poster邮递员work工作-worker工人12.IthasthehighestaltitudeofanyracehostedbytheInternationalCyclingUnion.host①动词，主办，有时可与hold(举行)替换。②名词，主人，东道主thehostcountryfortheOlympicGames语法链接：条件状语从句条件状语从句由if（如果），unless(除非)等引导的，谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时（主将从现）。

如：(1)Wewillpasstheexamifwestudyhard.(2)Wewon’tpasstheexamunlesswestudyhard.练习：如果明天下雨我们就不举行运动会。

2.祈使句+and/or引导的结果句，祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。

“祈使句+and+陈述句”,常转换成肯定条件句;“祈使句+or+陈述句”,常转换成否定条件句.Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.=.=You’llbelateunlessyouhurryup.条件状语从句由if,unless,so/aslongas(只要)，as/sofaras(就...而言)，等词或短语引导。e.g.Ifhewantstoseeyou,youcantellhimtowait.Ifitsnowstomorrow,we’llhaveadayortwooff.注意：条件状语从句同时间状语从句一样，谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来。e.g.Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,we’llgotothepark..Hewon’tbeabletocatchupwithusunlessherunsfaster.条件状语从句同时间状语一样，常用一般现在时态表将来，主句用将来时态。(1)Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,Iwillgotothepark.(条件状语从句，不用won’train)(2)IwillringyouupassoonasIarriveinBeijing.(时间状语从句，不用willarrive)跟踪练习：()1Idon’tknowif＿tomorrow.