2025-2026年四川省人教版初中三年级英语上册第12单元同步练习题

2025-2026年四川省人教版初中三年级英语上册第12单元同步练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第12单元课文内容，Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassageabout"ProtectingtheEnvironment"?A.Todescribethebeautyofnatureindifferentseasons.B.Toexplainhowtoreducepollutionincities.C.Topersuadepeopletousepublictransportationmoreoften.D.Tointroducethehistoryofenvironmentalprotectionmovements.解析：本题考查单元主题"ProtectingtheEnvironment"的核心内容。课文重点围绕环境污染问题展开，列举了城市污染的案例并提出解决方案，如垃圾分类、减少一次性用品等。选项A偏离主题，选项C和D仅涉及部分内容，选项B准确概括了文章主旨。解析需结合课文第2段"Manycitiesfaceseriouspollutionproblems,suchasairandwaterpollution..."及第4段"Everyoneshouldtakeactiontoreducepollution."等关键句分析。2.AccordingtothedialogueinSectionB,whydoesLilysuggestusingreusablebags?A.Becausetheyarecheaperthanplasticbags.B.Becausetheyaremorecolorfulthandisposableones.C.Becausetheyhelpprotecttheenvironmentbyreducingwaste.D.Becausetheyareeasiertocarrythanclothbags.解析：本题考查单元重点句型"shoulddosth"的语境应用。对话中Mike提到塑料袋会造成污染，Lily建议用可重复使用的袋子，并解释"Reusablebagscanreduceplasticwaste,whichisgoodfortheenvironment."（可重复使用的袋子能减少塑料垃圾，这对环境有好处）。选项C直接对应该表述，其他选项与环保主题无关。解析需分析对话第3轮对话中Lily的论点逻辑。3.WhatdoesthepassageinSectionCmainlydiscussabout"GlobalWarming"?A.Theeffectsofglobalwarmingonpolarbears.B.Thecausesofglobalwarmingandpossiblesolutions.C.Thehistoryofscientistsstudyingclimatechange.D.Thedifferencesbetweenglobalwarmingandacidrain.解析：本题考查单元词汇"globalwarming"的深度理解。文章第1段定义了全球变暖是"thelong-termheatingofEarth’sclimatesystemobservedsincethepre-industrialperiod(between1850and1900)duetohumanactivities..."（自工业革命以来因人类活动导致的地球气候系统长期变暖）。选项B涵盖"causes（如fossilfuels）"和"solutions（如renewableenergy）"的双重内容，其他选项片面。解析需结合第3段"GreenhousegaseslikeCO2trapheat..."等细节。4.HowdoesthetextinSectionDcomparetheattitudesofChineseandWesternstudentstowardrecycling?A.ChinesestudentsthinkrecyclingismoreimportantthanWesternstudents.B.WesternstudentshavemoreexperienceinrecyclingthanChinesestudents.C.Chinesestudentsaremorewillingtorecycleindailylife.D.WesternstudentsusemorerecyclingbinsthanChinesestudents.解析：本题考查单元比较级句型"more...than"的运用。文章对比了两个国家的调查数据，第5段指出"Chinesestudentsreportedhigherrecyclingratesinschoolprograms,whileWesternstudentsweremoreactiveinhomerecycling."（中国学生在学校回收项目中的比例更高，而西方学生在家更积极）。选项C准确反映该对比，其他选项数据未在文中提及。解析需分析表格第2列的百分比差异（如中国65%vs西方58%）及第7段的结论句。5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassageabout"EnergyConservation"?A."TheImportanceofSavingWater"B."HowtoSaveElectricityatHome"C."DifferentTypesofRenewableEnergy"D."EnergyConservationAroundtheWorld"二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThepassageinSectionAmentionsthat"_________isthebiggestsourceofairpollutionincities."（填入名词短语）参考答案：vehicleemissions解析：根据第1段第2句"Vehicleemissions,especiallyfromcarsandtrucks,releaselargeamountsofpollutants..."（车辆排放，尤其是汽车和卡车，会释放大量污染物）。解析需结合上下文"majorcities"和"smog"等关键词。2.CompletethesentencefromSectionB:"Toprotecttheenvironment,weshoulduse__________insteadofdisposableones."（填入名词）参考答案：reusableproducts解析：根据对话第5轮对话"Lily:Usereusableproductslikebottlesandcontainers.Theylastlongeranddon'tcreatewaste."（Lily：用可重复使用的物品，如瓶子和容器）。解析需分析"lastlonger"和"don'tcreatewaste"的因果关系。3.ThetextinSectionCexplainsthat"_________gasestrapheatintheatmosphere."（填入形容词+名词）参考答案：greenhouse解析：根据第2段第1句"Greenhousegases,suchascarbondioxideandmethane,absorbsolarenergyandkeeptheplanetwarm."（温室气体，如二氧化碳和甲烷，吸收太阳能并使地球变暖）。解析需结合"climatechange"和"globalwarming"的关联。4.SectionDcomparestherecyclinghabitsofChineseandWesternstudents.Accordingtothechart,__________studentshavehigherhomerecyclingrates."（填入形容词性物主代词）参考答案：Western解析：根据表格第3列数据"Westernstudents(58%)vsChinesestudents(45%)"及第7段结论句"Westernstudentsweremoreactiveinhomerecycling."（西方学生在家回收更积极）。解析需注意"home"和"school"场景的区分。5.ThepassageinSectionEdescribesthe"Eco-FriendlySchoolKit"as"_________anddurable."（填入形容词）参考答案：environmentallyconscious解析：根据广告第1句"Kitisdesignedtominimizeenvironmentalimpactwhileprovidingqualitysupplies."（套件旨在减少环境影响同时提供优质用品）。解析需结合"biodegradablematerials"和"long-lasting"的描述。6.SectionFdefines"SustainableDevelopment"as"_________forfuturegenerations."（填入名词短语）参考答案：meetingpresentneeds解析：根据第1段第3句"Truedevelopmentshouldmeetcurrentneedswithoutharmingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirs."（真正的发展应满足当代需求而不损害后代满足其需求的能力）。解析需分析"balance"和"long-term"的语义。7.ThechartinSectionGshowsthatsolarenergyusewillincreasefrom15%in2020to__________in2025."（填入百分比）参考答案：35%解析：根据图表第4列数据"2025:35%"及第6段预测句"Renewablesourceswillmeet50%ofglobaldemandby2030."（到2030年可再生能源将满足50%的需求）。解析需注意时间跨度的推算。8.SectionHmentionsthat"_________isamajorbarriertoplasticreduction."（填入名词短语）参考答案：consumerhabits解析：根据第5段第2句"Changingconsumerhabitsisdifficultbecausepeopleareusedtoconvenience."（改变消费者习惯很困难，因为人们习惯了便利）。解析需结合"freeplasticbags"和"notusedtocarryingtheirown"的细节。9.ThepassageinSectionIusesametaphortodescribebiodiversityas"_________forecosystems."（填入名词）参考答案：mosaic解析：根据第2段第2句"Likeamosaic,biodiversityincludesmanydifferentpiecesworkingtogether."（就像马赛克，生物多样性包含许多不同部分协同工作）。解析需分析"diversespecies"和"interconnected"的比喻关系。10.ThearticleinSectionAsuggeststhat"_________canhelpimproveairquality."（填入动名词短语）参考答案：reducingcarusage解析：根据第3段第1句"Reducingcarusagebywalking,cycling,orusingpublictransportcanmakeabigdifference."（通过步行、骑自行车或使用公共交通减少汽车使用可以大有帮助）。解析需结合"low-emissionalternatives"的表述。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThepassageinSectionAstatesthat"mostpollutioncomesfromfactories,notcars."（判断正误）参考答案：错误解析：根据第1段第4句"Factoriesandcarsarebothmajorsourcesofpollution,butvehicleemissionsareoftenhigherinurbanareas."（工厂和汽车都是主要污染源，但车辆排放在城市地区通常更高）。解析需注意"both"和"oftenhigher"的限定。2.SectionB'sdialogueshowsthatMikecompletelyagreeswithLily'sideaofusingreusablebags.（判断正误）参考答案：错误解析：根据对话第2轮对话"Mike:Iliketheidea,butcarryingabageverytimeistroublesome."（Mike：我喜欢这个想法，但每次带袋子很麻烦）。解析需分析"but"转折词体现的保留态度。3.ThetextinSectionCexplainsthatglobalwarmingismainlycausedbynaturalfactorslikevolcaniceruptions.（判断正误）参考答案：错误解析：根据第2段第3句"Humanactivities,suchasburningfossilfuels,arethemaincause,notnaturalevents."（人类活动，如燃烧化石燃料，是主因，不是自然事件）。解析需结合"human-generatedCO2"和"volcanicactivity"的对比。4.SectionD'schartshowsthatChinesestudentsaremoreactiveinrecyclingathomethanWesternstudents.（判断正误）参考答案：错误解析：根据表格第3列数据"Westernstudents(58%)vsChinesestudents(45%)"及第7段结论句"Chinesestudentsreportedhigherratesinschoolprograms."（中国学生在学校项目中的比例更高）。解析需区分"home"和"school"场景。5.TheadvertisementinSectionEclaimsthatthe"Eco-FriendlySchoolKit"iscompletelyfree.（判断正误）参考答案：错误解析：根据广告第3句"Kitcosts$25,butincludesa10%discountforstudents."（套件25美元，学生可享10%折扣）。解析需注意"freeseeds"和"paidsupplies"的区分。6.SectionFsuggeststhatsustainabledevelopmentmeanscompletelystoppingeconomicgrowth.（判断正误）参考答案：错误解析：根据第1段第2句"Balanceddevelopmentallowseconomiestogrowwithoutdamagingtheenvironment."（平衡发展允许经济在不破坏环境的情况下增长）。解析需分析"economicgrowth"和"environmentalprotection"的共存关系。7.ThechartinSectionGpredictsthatwindenergywillovertakesolarenergyby2025.（判断正误）参考答案：错误解析：根据图表第5列数据"2025:Solar35%vsWind25%"及第6段预测句"Renewablesourceswillmeet50%ofglobaldemandby2030."（到2030年可再生能源将满足50%的需求）。解析需注意"35%"和"25%"的对比。8.SectionHstatesthatrecyclingfacilitiesaretheonlysolutiontoplasticwaste.（判断正误）参考答案：错误解析：根据第6段第2句"Recyclingisimportant,butreducingconsumptionandimprovingpoliciesarealsokey."（回收很重要，但减少消费和改善政策也是关键）。解析需分析"nottheonlysolution"的表述。9.ThepassageinSectionIusesasimiletodescribebiodiversityas"likeasingletree."（判断正误）参考答案：错误解析：根据第2段第1句"Likeamosaic,biodiversityincludesmanydifferentpiecesworkingtogether."（就像马赛克，生物多样性包含许多不同部分协同工作）。解析需注意"mosaic"和"singletree"的比喻差异。10.ThearticleinSectionAsuggeststhat"airpollutionisnotaseriousprobleminsmalltowns."（判断正误）参考答案：错误解析：根据第3段第2句"Smalltownscanstillhavehighpollutionfromnearbyindustriesortraffic."（小城镇仍可能因附近工厂或交通有高污染）。解析需注意"canstillhave"的潜在风险。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.AccordingtoSectionA,whatarethreewayscitiescanreduceairpollution?参考答案：（1）Promotepublictransportationtoreducevehicleemissions.（2）PlantmoretreestoabsorbCO2.（3）Limitindustrialactivitiesduringpeakhours.解析：需结合第2段"bancarsoncertaindays"和第3段"greenbeltsaroundcities"等细节。每点需有具体措施描述。2.ExplainwhyLilythinksreusablebagsarebetterthandisposableonesinSectionB'sdialogue.参考答案：Reusablebagsaremoredurable,canbeusedmanytimes,andhelpreduceplasticwaste,whichpollutestheenvironment.Disposablebagsaresingle-useandcontributetolandfillproblems.解析：需引用对话第4轮对话"Lily:Theydon'tendupinoceanslikeplasticbagsdo."（它们不会像塑料袋一样出现在海洋里）。3.SectionCmentionstwoeffectsofglobalwarming.Describeoneandsuggestasolution.参考答案：Effect:Meltingpolaricecapscausesealevelstorise,threateningcoastalcities.Solution:Userenewableenergy(solar/wind)toreduceCO2emissions.解析：需结合第3段"polarbearslosinghabitat"和第4段"carbonfootprint"的表述。4.ComparetherecyclinghabitsofChineseandWesternstudentsinSectionD.参考答案：Chinesestudents(45%)aremoreactiveinschoolprograms,whileWesternstudents(58%)recyclemoreathome.Bothcountriesneedtoimprovehomerecycling.解析：需引用表格第3列数据及第7段的场景对比。5.Whatdoesthe"Eco-FriendlySchoolKit"inSectionEinclude?参考答案：Kitincludesareusablewaterbottle,lunchbox,biodegradablepens,andseedpacketsforplanting.解析：需结合广告第2段的清单式描述。6.SectionFdefinessustainabledevelopment.Whyisitimportant?参考答案：Sustainabledevelopmentmeetscurrentneedswithoutharmingfuturegenerations.Itisimportantbecauseitensureslong-termenvironmentalandeconomicstability.解析：需引用第1段第3句的"balance"概念。7.AccordingtoSectionG,whatwillbethemostusedenergysourcein2025?参考答案：Solarenergywillbethemostwidelyusedrenewablesource(35%),followedbywind(25%).解析：需引用图表第4列数据及第6段的"50%by2030"预测。8.SectionIusesametaphortodescribebiodiversity.Explainthemeaning.参考答案：Thepassagecomparesbiodiversitytoamosaicbecauseitincludesmanydifferentspeciesworkingtogetherinecosystems,justastilesinamosaiccreateawholepicture.解析：需结合第2段第2句的"diversespecies"和"interconnected"表述。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Imagineyouareastudent.Writeashortparagraph(50words)suggestingthreewaysyourschoolcanbecomemoreeco-friendly.参考答案：Ourschoolcouldinstallsolarpanelsontheroof,startacompostingprogramforfoodwaste,andencouragewalkingorcyclingtoschool.Theseactionswouldreducepollutionandsaveenergy.解析：需包含具体行动（如太阳能、堆肥、绿色出行），每点需有动词（install,start,encourage）。2.SectionB'sdialogueshowsadisagreement.Howwouldyouresolveit?Writeasentence.参考答案："Iunderstandyoudon'tlikecarryingbags,butwecanusethemasreusableshoppingbagstoo,andthey'rebetterfortheplanet."解析：需体现折中方案（购物袋双用）和环保理由。3.SectionCmentionsCO2emissions.CalculatehowmuchCO2isreducedif100studentsswitchfromplasticbottlestoreusableones.参考答案：Ifeachplasticbottleuses0.5kgCO2andareusableonelasts5years,switching100studentssaves100×0.5×5=250kgCO2annually.解析：需假设数据（如塑料瓶年用量）并计算差值。4.SectionDcomparesrecyclingrates.IftheChineserateincreasesto60%,whatpercentageofWesternstudentswouldneedtomatchit?参考答案：Toequalizerates,Westernstudentswouldneedtoincreasefrom58%to60%,requiringa3.5%riseinhomerecycling.解析：需计算比例差（60%-45%vs58%-45%）。5.Designaposter(3bulletpoints)toencouragepeopletoreduceplasticuse.参考答案：-Bringreusablebagswhenshopping.-Avoidsingle-usestrawsandcutlery.-Recycleplasticbottlesproperly.解析：需包含具体行为（购物袋、吸管、分类回收）。6.SectionFmentions"balanceddevelopment."Writeasentenceexplaininghowacitycanachievethis.参考答案：Acity