2025-2026年天津市苏教版初中三年级英语上册第5章课后练习题

2025-2026年天津市苏教版初中三年级英语上册第5章课后练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第5章课文内容，Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassageabout"EnvironmentalProtection"?A.Todescribethebeautyofnatureindetail.B.Topersuadepeopletotakeactionagainstpollution.C.Tointroducefamousenvironmentalscientists.D.Toexplainthecausesofglobalwarming.解析：本题考查单元主题"环境保护"的核心内容。根据第5章课文重点段落（如第3页"ProtectOurPlanet"部分），作者明确通过对比污染前后的城市景象，呼吁读者减少塑料使用、垃圾分类等具体行动，故B项正确。A项错误，因为课文重点在于问题而非美景；C项错误，未提及具体人物；D项错误，仅是环境问题的一个方面，非全文主旨。2.InthedialoguebetweenLilyandTomonpage12,whatdoesTomsuggestasasolutiontoreduceplasticwaste?A.Buyingmoredisposablecupstoreducesingle-useitems.B.Usingreusablebagsinsteadofplasticbags.C.Recyclingonlythemostvaluableplastics.D.Throwingallplasticsintothetrashtoavoidconfusion.解析：根据第5章课文第2页的对话场景，Tom明确提到"weshouldcarryclothbagswhenshopping"，并列举了超市使用环保袋的例子，故B项正确。A项与环保背道而驰；C项错误，课文强调全面回收；D项错误，与垃圾分类原则矛盾。3.Accordingtothepassage"TheImportanceofWaterConservation"onpage15,whichofthefollowingisNOTarecommendedwaytosavewater?A.Turningoffthetapwhilebrushingteeth.B.Usingadishwasherforeverymeal.C.Fixingleakingtapsimmediately.D.Takingshortershowers.解析：本题考查单元重点"水资源保护"的细节信息。根据第5章课文第4页表格，B项"使用洗碗机每餐"与节水建议相悖，因为手洗更省水；A、C、D均为课文明确提倡的行为。4.Whatisthecorrectwaytowriteaformalletterabout"WildlifeProtection"astaughtinSectionBonpage18?A.Startingwith"Dearfriends,let'ssaveanimals!"B.Includingonlypersonalopinionswithoutevidence.C.Addressingtherecipientwith"Towhomitmayconcern"andstatingthepurposeclearly.D.Usingslangwordstomakethelettermorefun.解析：根据第5章课文第5页的写作指导，正式信件需包含称谓、主题句（如"Regardingtheendangeredspeciesinourregion"）和具体建议，故C项正确。A项过于口语化；B项缺乏说服力；D项违反正式写作规范。5.Inthereadingpassage"GreenEnergyChoices"onpage20,whichrenewableenergysourceisdescribedasthemostefficientforurbanareas?A.Windturbinesduetotheirhighpoweroutput.B.Solarpanelsbecausetheyrequireminimalspace.C.Hydroelectricpowerasitisalwaysavailable.D.Geothermalenergywithstabletemperatures.解析：根据第5章课文第6页图表对比，文中指出太阳能板适合屋顶安装，且维护成本低，故B项正确。A项风能受天气影响大；C项水电站需河流条件；D项地热能成本高。6.Accordingtothegrammarsectiononpage22,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoicetodescribe"TheGreatWall'sconstruction"?A.WebuilttheGreatWallinancienttimes.B.TheGreatWallwasbuiltbytheChineseinancienttimes.C.TheChinesebuilttheGreatWallwithgreateffort.D.ItisbuiltbytheChinesethattheGreatWallisfamous.解析：本题考查单元语法重点"被动语态"。根据第5章课文第2单元语法讲解，B项符合被动语态规则（be动词+过去分词），故正确。A项为主动语态；C项错误，缺少被动标记；D项结构混乱。7.Whatisthebesttitleforthearticle"HowtoReduceCarbonFootprint"onpage25?A."10FunFactsAboutClimateChange"B."TheBenefitsofElectricCars"C."SimpleStepstoLiveGreener"D."GlobalWarming:AScientist'sView"解析：根据第5章课文第7页内容，文章列举了低碳饮食、绿色出行等具体行动，故C项最贴切。A项偏离实践性；B项仅是其中一例；D项为不同视角。8.Intheunit'svocabularysection,whichwordbestcompletesthesentence"Manypeoplebelievethat______isessentialforasustainablefuture"?A.pollutionB.conservationC.destructionD.development解析：根据第5章课文第3单元词汇表，"conservation"意为"保护"，与可持续发展主题一致，故B项正确。A项"污染"为负面词汇；C项"破坏"与环保矛盾；D项"发展"需结合语境，但不如B项直接。9.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweenthereadingpassage"PlasticOcean"andthelisteningtext"RecyclingTips"onpage28?A.OneisinEnglish,theotherisinChinese.B.Onefocusesonproblems,theotheronsolutions.C.Oneisfromamagazine,theotherisfromavideo.D.Oneisaboutanimals,theotherisaboutplants.解析：根据第5章课文第3单元内容对比，前者描述塑料污染危害（问题），后者提供具体回收方法（解决方案），故B项正确。A项错误，两篇均用英语；C项无依据；D项与主题无关。10.Howshouldstudentsusethe"MindMap"onpage30topreparefortheunittest?A.Copythemapword-for-wordontotheirnotes.B.Fillintheblankswithanyrelatedwordstheyknow.C.Connectkeyconceptslike"renewableenergy"and"conservation".D.Ignorethemapbecauseit'snotinthetextbook.解析：根据第5章课文第4单元学习策略，思维导图用于梳理逻辑关系，故C项正确。A项机械抄写无效；B项缺乏系统性；D项忽视学习工具。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassage"SavetheRainforests"mentionsthatabout______%oftheworld'splantsandanimalsliveintheseareas.解析：根据第5章课文第1页数据图表，原文明确指出"80%ofalllivingspeciesinhabitrainforests"，填80。2.Towriteapersuasiveletter,youshouldstateyour______clearlyinthefirstparagraph.解析：根据第5章课文第5页写作指导，正式信件需包含"purpose"，填purpose。3.Theunit'sgrammarsectionexplainsthatthepassivevoiceisoftenusedwhenthe______isunknownorunimportant.解析：根据第5章课文第2单元语法讲解，被动语态常省略施动者，填subject/actor。4.Inthedialogueonpage12,Tomsuggestsusingclothbagsbecausetheyare______andcanbereusedmanytimes.解析：根据第5章课文第2页对话内容，原文用"environmentallyfriendly"，填environmentallyfriendly。5.Thereadingpassage"GreenEnergyChoices"comparessolarpanelsandwindturbines,notingthatsolarpanelsaremore______forsmallspaces.解析：根据第5章课文第6页对比表格，太阳能板胜在"spaceefficiency"，填spaceefficient。6.Whenfillinginaformaboutwildlifeprotection,youshouldwriteyourfull______andaddressinblockletters.解析：根据第5章课文第4单元应用文写作要求，正式表格需填"nameandaddress"。7.Theunit'svocabularylistdefines"conservation"astheactofprotectingsomethingfrom______orwaste.解析：根据第5章课文第3单元词汇表，原文用"destruction"，填destruction。8.Toreduceyourcarbonfootprint,youcanchoosetowalkorcycleinsteadofusinga______forshorttrips.解析：根据第5章课文第7页环保建议，原文用"car"，填car。9.Thelisteningtext"RecyclingTips"mentionsthatglassbottlesshouldbewashedbeforeputtingtheminthe______bin.解析：根据第5章课文第4单元听力材料，原文用"recycling"，填recycling。10.Theunittestwillcoverallthekeytermsinthe______atthebackofthetextbook.解析：根据第5章课文第1单元附录说明，词汇表位于"vocabularylist"，填vocabularylist。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Accordingtothepassage"EnvironmentalProtectionDay,"theworldcelebratedthiseventonMarch15th.解析：根据第5章课文第1页日期说明，原文写"March15th"，正确。2.Thereadingpassage"PlasticOcean"suggeststhatplasticwasteismainlyfoundinpolarregions.解析：根据第5章课文第3页地理分布图，塑料主要在热带海域，错误。3.Intheunit'sgrammarsection,thesentence"ThebookwasreadbyJohn"isanexampleoftheactivevoice.解析：根据第5章课文第2单元语法讲解，be动词+过去分词为被动语态，错误。4.Thelisteningtext"RecyclingTips"statesthatallmetalscanberecycledwithoutanylimit.解析：根据第5章课文第4单元听力材料，原文提到"somemetalsarerareandlimited"，错误。5.Theunit'swritingguiderecommendsstartingapersuasiveletterwith"Helloeveryone!"toattractattention.解析：根据第5章课文第5页写作建议，正式信件用"DearSir/Madam"，错误。6.Thepassage"GreenEnergyChoices"claimsthathydroelectricpoweristhecleanestenergysourcewithzeroemissions.解析：根据第5章课文第6页技术对比，原文指出太阳能更环保，错误。7.Theunit'svocabularylistdefines"endangered"asmeaning"indangerofdisappearingforever."解析：根据第5章课文第3单元词汇表，原文用"atriskofextinction"，正确。8.Thedialogueonpage12showsLilycompletelydisagreeingwithTom'sideasaboutusingreusablebags.解析：根据第5章课文第2页对话内容，Lily表示"cantry"，并非完全反对，错误。9.Theunittestwillincludequestionsaboutthemindmaponpage30,butitisoptionaltostudyit.解析：根据第5章课文第4单元学习策略，思维导图是重点，错误。10.Thereadingpassage"SavetheRainforests"mentionsthatcuttingdowntreesislegalinmostcountries.解析：根据第5章课文第1页法律部分，原文强调"illegallogging"，错误。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainwhypassivevoiceisusefulwhenwritingaboutscientificexperiments.解析：被动语态强调实验过程而非研究者，如"Theexperimentwasconductedbytheteam"，客观专业。2.Whatarethreekeydifferencesbetweenrenewableandnon-renewableenergysources?解析：根据第5章课文第6页对比，①可再生（solar/wind）vs不可再生（coal/oil）；②可持续vs资源有限；③环保vs高污染。3.Howcanstudentsusetheunit'svocabularylisteffectivelyformemorization?解析：①分类记忆（环保词/动词）；②例句联想（如"conservation"搭配"protectwildlife"）；③制作单词卡片。4.Describethestructureofaformalpersuasiveletterinthreeparagraphs.解析：①首段：表明目的（"Iamwritingtoargueforstricterrecyclinglaws"）；②中段：论据（数据/案例）；③尾段：呼吁行动（"Pleasesupportthisbill"）。5.Whyisitimportanttoreduceplasticwasteaccordingtothepassage"PlasticOcean"?解析：①危害海洋生物（误食）；②微塑料污染食物链；③降解缓慢造成永久污染。6.Howdoestheunit'sgrammarsectionhelpstudentswritemoreclearly?解析：被动语态使句子客观（如"Theexperimentfailed"比"wefailed"更专业）；时态统一避免混淆。7.Whatshouldstudentsincludeintheirconclusionwhenwritingaboutenvironmentalissues?解析：重申观点（"Protectingnatureisourduty"）；联系个人行动（"Iwillreducemycarbonfootprint"）；呼吁他人参与。8.Howcanthe"MindMap"onpage30helpstudentsreviewtheunit?解析：①可视化知识点关联（如"renewableenergy"→"solar/wind"→"benefits"）；②快速定位薄弱环节；③辅助记忆逻辑框架。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Writeashortparagraph(50words)abouthowyoucansavewaterathome.参考答案：Icansavewaterbyturningoffthetapwhilebrushingteeth(save6litersperminute)andfixingleaks.Takingshortershowersalsohelps.Usingadishwasheronlywhenfullreduceswaste.Thesesmallactionsmakeabigdifference.解析：①列举具体行为（关水龙头/修漏水）；②量化数据（6升）；③强调集体效应，符合单元节水主题。2.Createadialogue(60words)betweentwostudentsdiscussingwaystoreducecarbonfootprint.参考答案：Lily:Didyouseethenewsaboutclimatechange?Tom:Yes,I'musingpublictransportnow.Whataboutyou?Lily:Iplanttreesandeatlessmeat.Weshouldstartaclubatschool!Tom:Greatidea!Let'smakeposterstoo.解析：①包含环保行动（公交/植树/少吃肉）；②提出集体倡议（成立社团/做海报）；③符合单元低碳主题。3.Rewritethesentence"Manypeoplethrowawayplasticbottleswithoutthinkingabouttheenvironment"intothepassivevoice.参考答案：Plasticbottlesarethrownawaybymanypeoplewithoutenvironmentalconsideration.解析：①正确使用be动词+过去分词；②保持原意；③符合单元语法重点。4.Writeapersuasivesentence(20words)toencouragepeopletousereusablebags.参考答案：Chooseclothbagsinsteadofplastic—they'rebetterfortheplanetandlastforever!解析：①直接呼吁；②强调环保与持久性；③符合单元购物场景。5.Completethemindmap(30words)for"GreenEnergyChoices":参考答案：-Solar:roofpanels,clean-Wind:turbines,variable-Hydro:dams,constant解析：①分类列举（太阳能/风能/水能）；②标注特点（清洁/不稳定/稳定）；③符合单元能源主题。6.Designaposter(40words)for"RecyclingDay"atschool:参考答案：[Image:Recyclingsymbol]"JoinRecyclingDay!Sortpaper,plastic,andglass.Everydropcounts!"解析：①包含视觉元素提示；②明确分类要求；③突出参与号召。7.Translatethephrase"Protectendangeredspecies"intoFrench.参考答案："Protégezlesespècesmenacées."解析：①准确翻译（保护/濒危物种）；②符合单元生物多样性主题。8.Writeaformalemail(70words)toalocalgovernmentaboutparkcleanup:参考答案：Subject:RequestforParkCleanupVolunteersDearSir/Madam,IwouldliketoorganizeacleanupinGreenPark.Pleaseapproveourrequestforpermits.Wewillprovideglovesandbags.Thankyou.Sincerely,[Name]解析：①包含称谓/主题句/请求；②提供具体行动（提供物资）；③符合单元正式写作要求。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.B3.B4.C5.B6.B7.C8.B9.B10.C解析示例（第1题）：A项错误，课文未强调自然美景；B项正确，全文核心是行动呼吁；C项错误，未涉及具体人物；D项片面，仅是环境问题的一个方面。二、填空题1.802.purpose3.subject/actor4.environmentallyfriendly5.spaceefficient2.nameandaddress7.destruction8.car9.recycling10.vocabularylist解析示例（第2题）：根据第5章课文第5页写作指导，正式信件需明确"purpose"，填purpose而非任意词。三、判断题1.√2.×3.×4.×5.×6.×7.√8.×9.×10.×解析示例（第2题）：根据第5章课文第3页地理分布图，塑料主要在热带海域，错误。四、简答题1.被动语态强调实验过程而非研究者，如"Theexperimentwasconductedbytheteam"，客观专业。2.①可再生（solar/wind）vs不可再生（coal/oil）；②可持续vs资源有限；③环保vs高污染。3.①分类记忆（环保词/动词）；②例句联想（如"conservation"搭配"protectwildlife"）；③制作单词卡片。4.①首段：表明目的（"Iamwritingtoargueforstricterrecyclinglaws"）；②中段：论据（数据/案例）；③尾段：呼吁行动（"Pleasesupportthisbill"）。5.①危害海洋生物（误食）；②微塑料污染食物链；③降解缓慢造成永久污染。6.被动语态使句子客观（如"Theexperimentfailed"比"wefailed"更专业）；时态统一避免混淆。7.重申观点（"Protectingnatureisourduty"）；联系个人行动（"Iwillreducemycarbonfootprint"）；呼吁他人参与。8.①可视化知识点关联（如"renewableenergy"→"solar/wind"→"benefits"）；②快速定位薄弱环节；③辅助记忆逻辑框架。五、应用题1.参考答案：Icansavewaterbyturningoffthetapwhilebrushingteeth(save6litersperminute)andfixingleaks.Takingshortershowersalsohelps.Usingadis