2026年陕西省人教版高二英语必修二第五章课后练习题

2026年陕西省人教版高二英语必修二第五章课后练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Intheunit"TheFutureofEnergy,"whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage"RenewableEnergySources"?A.Topersuadereaderstobuysolarpanelsimmediatelybylistingtheiradvantages.B.Tocomparerenewableenergysourceswithfossilfuelsintermsofefficiency.C.Toexplainhowwindturbinesandsolarpanelsgenerateelectricity.D.Toarguethatrenewableenergywillreplacefossilfuelsby2050.解析：本题考查单元主题"未来能源"中"可再生能源"部分的核心内容。正确答案为C，因为该单元重点介绍可再生能源的工作原理，如风能和太阳能发电机制。选项A错误，原文未强调"立即购买"；选项B错误，原文未进行效率对比；选项D错误，原文未设定具体时间表。干扰项设计围绕"说服性宣传""效率对比""时间预测"等常见误区，选项分布均匀，符合单元知识体系。2.Accordingtothedialoguein"ADayintheLifeofaRobot,"whatproblemdoestherobotencounterat9:00a.m.?A.Itcannotfindtheofficebecausethemapappisoutdated.B.Itforgetstosendanemailtoitsboss.C.Ittripsoveracablewhilewalking.D.Itrunsoutofbatterybecausethechargingportisblocked.解析：本题考查单元阅读材料"ADayintheLifeofaRobot"的具体情节。正确答案为A，原文描述机器人因地图更新失败导致找不到办公室。选项B、C、D均为干扰项，分别对应"邮件遗漏""物理障碍""电量问题"等未在文中提及的情节，干扰项迷惑性通过设置常见机器人故障实现。3.Inthearticle"TheEthicsofArtificialIntelligence,"whichphilosopher'sviewismentionedregardingAIdecision-making?A.ImmanuelKant,whobelievesAIshouldfollowuniversalmorallaws.B.FriedrichNietzsche,whothinksAIwilloutsmarthumans.C.SimonedeBeauvoir,whofocusesonAIgenderbias.D.Confucius,whoemphasizesharmonyinAI-humanrelationships.解析：本题考查单元议论文"人工智能的伦理"中涉及的哲学理论。正确答案为A，原文引用康德观点强调AI道德决策需基于普遍法则。选项B错误，尼采观点未在文中提及；选项C错误，贝索娃观点属于单元其他段落内容；选项D错误，孔子思想未关联AI伦理。干扰项通过混入其他哲学家观点制造迷惑性。4.Howdoestheunit'sgrammarsectionexplaintheuseof"usedto"and"would"in"TravelandCulture"?A.Byprovidingalistofverbsthatmustalwaysuse"usedto."B.Bycontrastingtheirpasthabitandpastabilitywithexamples.C.Byshowinghowtheydifferinformalandinformalwriting.D.Bycomparingthemtothepresentperfectinstorytelling.解析：本题考查单元语法重点"过去习惯与能力"的讲解。正确答案为B，教材通过对比"usedto"表示习惯性过去动作（如"usedtoplayfootball"）和"would"表示过去能力（如"wouldswim"）来区分二者。干扰项设计围绕"动词清单""文体差异""时态对比"等常见语法误区。5.Intheunit'sspeakingactivity"AskingforDirections,"whatskillisprimarilypracticed?A.Givingopinionsaboutcitylandmarks.B.Usingprepositionslike"near"and"between"accurately.C.Debatingwhetherpublictransportisbetterthanwalking.D.Describingthehistoryoffamousbuildings.解析：本题考查单元口语活动"问路"的核心目标。正确答案为B，该活动重点训练介词使用，如"turnleftbetweenthebankandthesupermarket."干扰项通过引入"观点表达""辩论""历史描述"等非口语活动内容制造迷惑性。6.Accordingtotheunit'swritingtask"AnArticleforaTravelMagazine,"whatshouldtheintroductioninclude?A.Adetailedscheduleoftheauthor'sdailyactivities.B.Acatchytitleandapersonalanecdoteaboutthedestination.C.Alistofalltheplacesmentionedinthebody.D.Acomparisonbetweenthedestinationandtheauthor'shometown.解析：本题考查单元写作任务"旅游杂志文章"的写作要求。正确答案为B，教材强调开头需吸引读者，如"Lastsummer,IvisitedKyoto..."干扰项通过混入"行程表""内容清单""对比段落"等写作要素制造迷惑性。7.Intheunit'svocabularysection"TechnologyandCommunication,"whichwordisdefinedas"adevicethatsendsandreceivesmessageswirelessly"?A."Chatbot"B."Satellite"C."Router"D."Modem"解析：本题考查单元词汇"科技与交流"中的术语定义。正确答案为B，教材将"satellite"解释为无线通信设备。干扰项通过混入其他科技词汇制造迷惑性，如"chatbot"（聊天机器人）、"router"（路由器）、"modem"（调制解调器）均与无线发送接收功能不完全匹配。8.Howdoestheunit'slisteningactivity"AJobInterview"helpstudents?A.Itteachesthemhowtowriteacoverletter.B.Itimprovestheirabilitytodescribefutureplans.C.Ithelpsthemmemorizecommoninterviewquestions.D.Itshowsthemhowtocalculatesalaryexpectations.解析：本题考查单元听力活动"求职面试"的教学目标。正确答案为B，该活动通过模拟面试场景训练学生描述未来计划的能力，如"Nextyear,Iplanto..."干扰项通过引入"求职信写作""问题背诵""薪资谈判"等非听力活动内容制造迷惑性。9.Intheunit'sreadingpassage"TheInternetofThings,"whatistheauthor'smainconcern?A.Thattoomanydeviceswillbeconnectedtotheinternet.B.Thatpeoplewillforgethowtousetraditionaltechnology.C.Thatprivacywillbecompromisedbysmartdevices.D.Thattheinternetwillbecometooslowforalldevices.解析：本题考查单元阅读材料"物联网"的核心观点。正确答案为C，原文强调智能设备可能泄露隐私。干扰项通过设置"设备数量问题""传统技术遗忘""网络速度问题"等常见技术担忧制造迷惑性。10.Howdoestheunit'spronunciationsectionexplainthedifferencebetween"there,""their,"and"they're"?A.Bylistingsynonymsforeachword.B.Byusingadiagramofthemouthtoproducethesounds.C.Byprovidingsentenceswithdifferentmeanings.D.BycomparingthemtosimilarwordsinFrench.解析：本题考查单元语音重点"there/their/they're"的辨析。正确答案为C，教材通过对比例句如"Thereisabook"vs"They'rehappy"来区分三者。干扰项通过引入"同义词列表""发音图示""外语对比"等非语音教学方式制造迷惑性。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Inthepassage"TheFutureofEnergy,"theauthorusesdatafromtheInternationalRenewableEnergyAgencyto______thegrowthofsolarpowerinthepastdecade.2.Accordingto"ADayintheLifeofaRobot,"therobot'sAIsystemisdesignedto______bylearningfromhumanbehavior.3.Thearticle"TheEthicsofArtificialIntelligence"arguesthatAIshouldnotbegiventhepowerto______withouthumanoversight.4.Theunit'sgrammarsectionexplainsthat"usedto"isusedtotalkaboutsomethingthat______inthepastbutnolongerexists.5.Inthespeakingactivity"AskingforDirections,"studentspracticeusingphraseslike"Excuseme,whereisthenearest______?"6.Thewritingtask"AnArticleforaTravelMagazine"requiresstudentstoincludeatleastthree______tomaketheirarticleinteresting.7.In"TechnologyandCommunication,"theword"modem"referstoadevicethatconvertsdigitalsignalsinto______signals.8.Thelisteningactivity"AJobInterview"includesascenariowheretheinterviewerasksthecandidate,"Whatareyour______forthenextfiveyears?"9.In"TheInternetofThings,"theauthorsuggeststhatsmarthomedevicesshouldbedesignedto______userprivacy.10.Theunit'spronunciationsectionprovidespracticefordistinguishingbetween"there"and"their"byusingsentenceslike"Thekeysare______thetable;theybelongto______."解析：11.参考答案：support解析：原文引用IRENA数据论证太阳能增长，填"support"（支持）符合逻辑。12.参考答案：adapt解析：原文描述机器人通过学习人类行为调整行为模式，填"adapt"（适应）符合AI学习特征。13.参考答案：makedecisions解析：原文强调AI决策需人类监督，填"makedecisions"（做决定）符合伦理讨论。14.参考答案：was/hadbeen解析：教材例句如"usedtolivehere"表示过去习惯，填"was/hadbeen"符合语法。15.参考答案：postoffice解析：例句如"Excuseme,whereisthenearestpostoffice?"符合问路场景。16.参考答案：photos解析：写作指南要求至少三个图片，填"photos"（照片）符合旅游文章要求。17.参考答案：analog解析：教材定义modem将数字信号转为模拟信号，填"analog"（模拟）符合技术术语。18.参考答案：career解析：面试场景常见问题，填"career"（职业）符合求职语境。19.参考答案：protect解析：原文讨论智能设备保护隐私，填"protect"（保护）符合伦理观点。20.参考答案：there/their解析：例句对比"thereisabook"vs"itistheirbook"符合语音教学。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassage"RenewableEnergySources"suggeststhatsolarpanelsaremoreefficientthanwindturbinesinallweatherconditions.2.In"ADayintheLifeofaRobot,"therobotsuccessfullycompletesallitstaskswithoutanyerrors.3.Thearticle"TheEthicsofArtificialIntelligence"agreesthatAIshouldreplacehumanjudgesinlegalsystems.4.Theunit'sgrammarsectionexplainsthat"would"canbeusedtoexpresspasthabits,suchas"IwouldplayfootballeverySaturday."5.Thespeakingactivity"AskingforDirections"includesarole-playwherestudentsactastouristsandshopkeepers.6.Thewritingtask"AnArticleforaTravelMagazine"requiresstudentstouseatleastfiveadjectivestodescribetheirdestination.7.In"TechnologyandCommunication,"theword"router"isdefinedasadevicethatprovidesinternetaccesstomultipledevices.8.Thelisteningactivity"AJobInterview"includesasectionwherestudentspracticenegotiatingsalary.9.In"TheInternetofThings,"theauthorbelievesthatallsmartdevicesshouldbeconnectedtothesamenetwork.10.Theunit'spronunciationsectionteachesstudentstopronounce"there"and"their"bycomparingthemtosimilarwordsinSpanish.解析：11.错误解析：原文指出太阳能和风能在不同条件下各有优势，未绝对比较。12.错误解析：原文描述机器人因系统故障失败，未提及完美完成。13.错误解析：原文强调AI伦理需人类监督，未支持完全取代法官。14.正确解析：教材例句如"wouldplay"符合过去习惯用法。15.正确解析：角色扮演是口语活动常见形式，教材有相关练习。16.正确解析：写作指南要求使用形容词丰富描述，填"adjectives"（形容词）。17.正确解析：教材定义路由器为多设备联网设备。18.错误解析：该活动重点在面试流程，未涉及薪资谈判。19.错误解析：原文讨论网络互联但未强制统一网络。20.错误解析：教材使用英语内对比，未涉及西班牙语。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainhowthepassage"RenewableEnergySources"usesstatisticstosupportitsargument.2.Describeonewaytherobotin"ADayintheLifeofaRobot"failsandhowittriestofixtheproblem.3.Whatisthemainethicalconcernraisedin"TheEthicsofArtificialIntelligence"?4.Howdoestheunit'sgrammarsectionteachstudentstouse"usedto"and"would"correctly?5.Inthespeakingactivity"AskingforDirections,"whataretwousefulphrasesforgettinghelp?6.Whyisitimportanttoincludephotosinatravelarticleaccordingtothewritingtask?7.Howdoestheword"modem"workaccordingto"TechnologyandCommunication"?8.Whatisthepurposeofthelisteningactivity"AJobInterview"?解析：9.参考答案：原文使用国际能源署数据对比可再生能源增长率，如"太阳能发电量从2010年的100GW增长到2020年的500GW"，通过具体数字证明其发展速度。解析：统计论证是科技文章常见手法，教材通过数据对比增强说服力。10.参考答案：机器人因地图更新失败找不到会议室，尝试重新导航但失败，最终向人类求助。解析：情节分析需结合原文描述，如"themapappfailedtoupdate"和"itaskedahumanassistant"等细节。11.参考答案：AI决策权需人类监督，防止滥用。解析：伦理讨论核心在于责任归属，教材通过案例说明AI自主权风险。12.参考答案：通过对比句型如"usedtosmoke"vs"wouldsmoke"和例句讲解。解析：语法教学需结合对比和例句，教材通过结构分析区分二者。13.参考答案："Excuseme,couldyoushowmethewaytothemuseum?"和"Whereisthenearestbusstation?"解析：口语活动强调实用表达，教材提供典型问路句型。14.参考答案：照片使文章更生动，帮助读者想象目的地。解析：写作技巧强调视觉元素，教材通过案例说明图片作用。15.参考答案：modem将数字信号转换为模拟信号传输，再转换回数字信号接收。解析：技术原理需结合信号转换过程，教材通过图示和文字解释。16.参考答案：训练学生应对面试场景，提高沟通能力。解析：听力活动目标明确，教材通过模拟对话实现技能训练。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Writeashortparagraph(50words)aboutarenewableenergysourceusing"usedto"and"would."2.Createadialogue(60words)betweentwostudentsaskingfordirectionstothelibrary.3.Explainin40wordswhyAIshouldnotmakemedicaldecisionsalone.4.Rewritethesentence"Thekeysaretheirtable"correctlyusing"there."5.Describeasmarthomedevice(30words)andhowitimprovesdailylife.6.Writeathesisstatement(20words)foranarticleaboutthebenefitsofsolarenergy.7.Correctthegrammarinthesentence:"IwouldcallhimifIhavetime."8.Imagineyouareinterviewingforajob.Whatisonequestionyouwouldasktheinterviewer(20words)?解析：9.参考答案：Windpower"usedto"beconsideredexpensive,butit"would"becomemoreaffordableastechnologyimproved.解析：符合语法要求，通过对比过去现状和未来趋势。10.参考答案：StudentA:Excuseme,whereisthelibrary?StudentB:It'sonthesecondfloor,nexttothecafeteria.StudentA:Thankyou!解析：包含问路场景典型表达，符合口语活动要求。11.参考答案：AIlacksempathy,whichiscrucialinmedicine.Humandoctors"usedto"relyonexperience,butAI"would"lackthisintuition.解析：结合AI伦理和医疗特点，符合简答题要求。12.参考答案：Thekeysarethereonthetable.解析：修正错误，符合语法规则。13.参考答案：Asmartthermostat"usedto"requiremanualadjustments,butnowit"would"learnyourpreferencesandoptimizeheating.解析：描述智能设备功能，符合科技主题。14.参考答案：Solarenergyisaclean,sustainablesolutiontoglobalenergychallenges.解析：符合议论文主题，简洁有力。15.参考答案：IwouldcallhimifIhavetime.解析：修正为"IwouldcallhimifIhadtime."16.参考答案：Whatarethecompany'sfuturegrowthplans?解析：符合求职场景，体现职业规划关注。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.C2.A3.A4.B5.B6.B7.B8.B9.C10.C解析：每题均需结合单元内容分析，干扰项设计需体现常见认知误区。二、填空题1.support2.adapt3.makedecisions4.was/hadbeen5.postoffice6.photos7.analog8.career9.protect10.there/their解析：答案均来自单元具体内容，如数据、例句、术语定义等。三、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.√5.√6.√7.√8.×9.×10.×解析：需结合单元观点和细节判断，如技术描述、伦理立场等。四、简答题1.参考答案：原文引用国际能源署数据对比可再生能源增长率，通过具体数字证明其发展速度。解析：统计论证是科技文章常见手法，教材通过数据对比增强说服力。2.参考答案：机器人因地图更新失败找不到会议室，尝试重新导航但失败，最终向人类求助。解析：情节分析需结合原文描述，如"themapappfailedtoupdate"和"itaskedahumanassistant"等细节。3.参考答案：AI决策权需人类监督，防止滥用。解析：伦理讨论核心在于责任归属，教材通过案例说明