小学英语句型总汇

小学英语句型总汇一、基础句型(BasicSentencePatterns)1.陈述句(StatementSentences)陈述句用以陈述事实或表达看法，分为肯定句和否定句。1.1肯定句(AffirmativeSentences)*主语+be动词(am/is/are/was/were)+...*Iamastudent.(我是一名学生。)*Thisisaredapple.(这是一个红苹果。)*Theywerehappyyesterday.(他们昨天很开心。)*主语+情态动词(can/may/must/should)+动词原形+...*Youcanswimfast.(你能游得很快。)*Wemustkeepquietinthelibrary.(我们在图书馆必须保持安静。)*主语+实义动词(V.)+...(适用于一般现在时和一般过去时)*Shelikescats.(她喜欢猫。)(一般现在时，主语三单，动词加s)*Igotoschooleveryday.(我每天去上学。)(一般现在时，主语非三单，动词原形)*Heplayedfootballlastweekend.(他上周末踢了足球。)(一般过去时，动词用过去式)1.2否定句(NegativeSentences)*主语+be动词+not+...*Heisnot(isn't)tall.(他不高。)*Theyarenot(aren't)fromChina.(他们不是来自中国。)*主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+...*Youcannot(can't)parkhere.(你不能在这里停车。)*Shemaynotgoouttonight.(她今晚可能不能出去。)*主语+don't/doesn't/didn't+动词原形+...(针对实义动词的否定，需借助助动词)*Idon'tlikebananas.(我不喜欢香蕉。)(一般现在时，主语非三单，用don't)*Hedoesn'twatchTVeveryday.(他不是每天都看电视。)(一般现在时，主语三单，用doesn't)*Wedidn'tfinishourhomeworkyesterday.(我们昨天没有完成作业。)(一般过去时，用didn't)2.疑问句(InterrogativeSentences)疑问句用以提出问题，常见的有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。2.1一般疑问句(GeneralQuestions)(通常用Yes/No回答)*Be动词+主语+...?*Isthisyourpen?Yes,itis./No,itisn't.(这是你的钢笔吗？是的。/不是。)*Aretheyplayinggames?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.(他们在玩游戏吗？是的。/不是。)*情态动词+主语+动词原形+...?*Canyourideabike?Yes,Ican./No,Ican't.(你会骑自行车吗？是的，我会。/不，我不会。)*MustIhandinmyhomeworknow?Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't.(我必须现在交作业吗？是的，你必须。/不，你不必。)*Do/Does/Did+主语+动词原形+...?(针对实义动词提问，需借助助动词)*Doyoulikeicecream?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.(你喜欢冰淇淋吗？是的，我喜欢。/不，我不喜欢。)*Doesyourfathergotoworkbycar?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn't.(你爸爸开车上班吗？是的。/不是。)*Didshereadabookyesterday?Yes,shedid./No,shedidn't.(她昨天看书了吗？是的。/没有。)2.2特殊疑问句(SpecialQuestions)(用疑问词开头，回答具体信息)常用疑问词：What(什么),Who(谁),Whom(谁，宾格),Whose(谁的),Which(哪一个),Where(哪里),When(何时),Why(为什么),How(如何，怎样),Howmany(多少，可数),Howmuch(多少，不可数/多少钱),Howold(多大),Howlong(多长),Howoften(多久一次)等。*疑问词+be动词+主语+...?*Whoisthatgirl?Sheismysister.(那个女孩是谁？她是我妹妹。)*Wherearemyshoes?Theyareunderthebed.(我的鞋子在哪里？它们在床底下。)*疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词原形+...?*WhatcanIdoforyou?Youcanhelpmecarrythisbag.(我能为你做什么？你可以帮我提这个包。)*Howshouldwegetthere?Weshouldtakeabus.(我们应该怎么去那里？我们应该坐公交车。)*疑问词+do/does/did+主语+动词原形+...?*Whatdoesyourmotherdo?Sheisateacher.(你妈妈是做什么的？她是一名老师。)*Whendidyouarrive?Iarrivedatsixo'clock.(你什么时候到的？我六点钟到的。)*Howdoyougotoschool?Igotoschoolonfoot.(你怎么去上学？我步行去上学。)*Howmanybooksdoyouhave?Ihavefivebooks.(你有多少本书？我有五本书。)2.3选择疑问句(AlternativeQuestions)(提供两个或以上选项，用or连接)*Doyouliketeaorcoffee?Iliketea.(你喜欢茶还是咖啡？我喜欢茶。)*Doesshegotoschoolbybikeorbybus?Bybus.(她骑自行车还是坐公交车上学？坐公交车。)2.4反意疑问句(TagQuestions)(陈述句后附加简短问句，寻求确认)这个稍复杂，小学阶段接触相对较少，基础形式为：*前肯后否，前否后肯。*Youareastudent,aren'tyou?(你是学生，对吗？)*Hecan'tswim,canhe?(他不会游泳，是吗？)*Theyplayedfootballyesterday,didn'tthey?(他们昨天踢足球了，是吗？)3.祈使句(ImperativeSentences)(表示命令、请求、建议或警告)通常省略主语you。*肯定祈使句：动词原形+...*Openthedoor,please.(请开门。)*Lookattheblackboard.(看黑板。)*Let'splaygames.(让我们玩游戏吧。)(Let's开头的祈使句)*否定祈使句：Don't+动词原形+.../No+动名词...*Don'tbelate.(不要迟到。)*Don'truninthehallway.(不要在走廊里跑。)*Nosmoking.(禁止吸烟。)4.感叹句(ExclamatorySentences)(表示强烈的情感，如喜悦、惊讶、愤怒等)*What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+(主语+谓语)!*Whatabeautifulflower(itis)!(多美的一朵花啊！)*Whatcleverchildren(theyare)!(多聪明的孩子啊！)*How+形容词/副词+(主语+谓语)!*HowhappyIam!(我多开心啊！)*Howfastheruns!(他跑得真快啊！)除了上述基础句型，小学阶段还有一些在特定场景下非常实用的功能句型。1.介绍与问候(Introduction&Greeting)*Hello!/Hi!(你好！)*Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.(早上/下午/晚上好。)*Howareyou?I'mfine,thankyou.Andyou?(你好吗？我很好，谢谢。你呢？)*Nicetomeetyou.Nicetomeetyou,too.(很高兴认识你。我也很高兴认识你。)*MynameisTom./I'mTom.(我叫汤姆。/我是汤姆。)*Thisismyfriend,Lucy.(这是我的朋友，露西。)2.谈论喜好与厌恶(TalkingaboutLikes&Dislikes)*Ilikeapples.(我喜欢苹果。)*Shelikessinging.(她喜欢唱歌。)*Theyliketoplaybasketball.(他们喜欢打篮球。)*Idon'tlikenoodles.(我不喜欢面条。)*Hedoesn'tlikeswimming.(他不喜欢游泳。)*Myfavoritecolorisblue.(我最喜欢的颜色是蓝色。)*What'syourfavoritefood?(你最喜欢的食物是什么？)3.描述人或事物(DescribingPeopleorThings)*Heistallandstrong.(他又高又强壮。)*Thecatisverycute.(这只猫很可爱。)*Thisbookisinteresting.(这本书很有趣。)*Ithasalongnose.(它有一个长鼻子。)(描述动物)*Myschoolbagisred.(我的书包是红色的。)4.谈论能力(TalkingaboutAbilities)*Icanswim.(我会游泳。)*ShecansingEnglishsongs.(她会唱英文歌。)*Theycan'tfly.(他们不会飞。)*CanyouspeakChinese?(你会说中文吗？)5.谈论位置(TalkingaboutLocation)*Theballisonthedesk.(球在桌子上。)*Thepictureisbetweenthetwowindows.(画在两扇窗户之间。)*Whereisthetoilet?(厕所在哪里？)6.谈论时间与日期(TalkingaboutTime&Date)*Whattimeisit?It'snineo'clock.(几点了？九点了。)*Whatdayisittoday?It'sMonday.(今天星期几？星期一。)*What'sthedatetoday?It'sOctober1st.(今天几号？十月一日。)*Whenisyourbirthday?MybirthdayisinJune.(你的生日是什么时候？我的生日在六月。)7.谈论天气(TalkingaboutWeather)*What'stheweatherliketoday?It'ssunny.(今天天气怎么样？晴天。)*It'scoldoutside.Putonyourcoat.(外面冷。穿上你的外套。)三、使用小贴士(TipsforUs