成人高考英语阅读理解历史地理类文章词汇500词

第页成人高考英语阅读理解历史地理类文章词汇500词序号单词或短语词性中文释义1civilizationn.文明2empiren.帝国3dynastyn.朝代4monarchyn.君主制5republicn.共和国6revolutionn.革命7independencen.独立8colonyn.殖民地9settlementn.定居点10explorationn.探索11expeditionn.远征12navigationn.航海13traderouten.贸易路线14merchantn.商人15artifactn.手工艺品16archaeologyn.考古学17excavationn.挖掘18ruinsn.废墟19heritagen.遗产20monumentn.纪念碑21templen.寺庙22palacen.宫殿23fortressn.堡垒24cathedraln.大教堂25mosquen.清真寺26tombn.坟墓27emperorn.皇帝28kingn.国王29queenn.女王30pharaohn.法老31dynasticadj.朝代的32imperialadj.帝国的33ancientadj.古代的34medievaladj.中世纪的35prehistoricadj.史前的36feudaladj.封建的37tribaladj.部落的38nomadicadj.游牧的39agriculturaladj.农业的40industrialadj.工业的41urbanizationn.城市化42migrationn.迁徙43immigrationn.移民（移入）44emigrationn.移民（移出）45populationn.人口46censusn.人口普查47demographyn.人口统计学48fertilityraten.生育率49mortalityraten.死亡率50lifeexpectancyn.预期寿命51continentn.大陆52hemispheren.半球53equatorn.赤道54latituden.纬度55longituden.经度56tropicsn.热带地区57temperatezonen.温带58polarregionn.极地地区59climaten.气候60weathern.天气61precipitationn.降水62humidityn.湿度63droughtn.干旱64monsoonn.季风65typhoonn.台风66hurricanen.飓风67earthquaken.地震68volcanon.火山69eruptionn.（火山）喷发70tsunamin.海啸71landformn.地形72plateaun.高原73plainn.平原74basinn.盆地75valleyn.山谷76canyonn.峡谷77peninsulan.半岛78isthmusn.地峡79archipelagon.群岛80straitn.海峡81aboriginaladj.土著的82alliancen.联盟83architectn.建筑师84artisann.工匠85basinarean.盆地地区86boundaryn.边界87bronzeagen.青铜时代88capen.海角89cartographern.制图师90castlen.城堡91chroniclen.编年史92circularn.圆形的93colonizev.殖民94commemoratev.纪念95confederacyn.confederation联邦96continentalityn.大陆性97cratern.火山口98culturalrelicn.文物99declinen./v.衰退100deforestationn.森林砍伐101deltan.三角洲102desertificationn.沙漠化103dialectn.方言104diocesen.教区105dominionn.统治权106dunen.沙丘107ecosystemn.生态系统108edictn.法令109emperor'smausoleumn.皇陵110ethnicgroupn.民族111excavatev.挖掘112faminen.饥荒113fjordn.峡湾114folkloren.民间传说115frontiern.边疆116glaciern.冰川117governorn.总督118harborn.海港119heritagesiten.遗产地120hinterlandn.腹地121hillockn.小丘122historicalarchiven.历史档案123iceagen.冰期124indigenousadj.本土的125inlandadj.内陆的126inscriptionn.铭文127islandnationn.岛国128jurisdictionn.管辖权129karstn.喀斯特地貌130lagoonn.泻湖131legacyn.遗产132locustn.蝗虫133manuscriptn.手稿134mapmakingn.地图绘制135megalithn.巨石136metropolisn.大都市137migrationrouten.迁徙路线138mountainrangen.山脉139navaladj.海军的140oasisn.绿洲141oraltraditionn.口述传统142paleographyn.古文字学143pastoraladj.游牧的144patriotn.爱国者145pilgrimn.朝圣者146platetectonicsn.板块构造147portcityn.港口城市148primitiveadj.原始的149provincen.省150quarryingn.采石151radiocarbondatingn.放射性碳定年152relicn.遗迹153ritualn.仪式154savannan.热带草原155scholarn.学者156sedentaryadj.定居的157sovereigntyn.主权158steppen.草原159tributaryn.支流160watershedn.分水岭161abbeynoun修道院162anthropologynoun人类学163aqueductnoun引水渠164arableadjective可耕种的165archaeologistnoun考古学家166archipelagostatenounphrase群岛国家167barbariannoun蛮族；未开化的人168barracksnoun兵营169bioregionnoun生物区170burialmoundnounphrase墓葬丘171bygoneadjective过去的172caravannoun商队173cartographynoun制图学174castletownnounphrase城堡城镇175cavepaintingnounphrase洞穴壁画176chronologynoun年代学177citadelnoun城堡；要塞178clannoun氏族179cliometricsnoun计量史学180colonialismnoun殖民主义181communenoun公社182conquistadornoun征服者183cosmologynoun宇宙观184crannognoun湖中居所185culturallandscapenounphrase文化景观186demesnenoun领地187despotnoun暴君188dynastycyclenounphrase王朝循环189ecotonenoun生态过渡带190emporiumnoun商业中心191ethnohistorynoun民族史192excavatornoun挖掘机；发掘者193feudalismnoun封建制度194geographernoun地理学家195geomorphologynoun地貌学196granarynoun粮仓197hermitagenoun隐修处198historiographynoun史学编纂199hoardnoun窖藏200homelandnoun祖国；故乡序号单词或短语词性中文释义201abandonedcityn.废弃的城市202abolitionn.废除，废止（尤指制度、习俗）203aboriginen.（尤指澳大利亚的）土著居民204acropolisn.（古希腊城市的）卫城205adoben.土坯，土坯建筑206adventn.出现，到来207aerialphotographyn.航空摄影208agrarianadj.土地的，农业的209alluvialplainn.冲积平原210altituden.海拔，高度211amphitheatern.圆形露天剧场，竞技场212annexv.兼并，吞并（领土）213anthropogenicadj.人为的，人类活动引起的214antiquityn.古代，古物215apexn.顶点，顶峰216aquifern.地下蓄水层，含水层217archaeologicalsiten.考古遗址218aristocracyn.贵族，贵族统治219armadan.舰队（尤指大型舰队）220artilleryn.火炮，炮兵221ascendancyn.优势，支配地位222assimilationn.同化，吸收223atlasn.地图集224atolln.环礁225autonomousadj.自治的，自主的226avalanchen.雪崩227badlandsn.劣地，崎岖地228bambooslipn.竹简229baronyn.男爵领地230basaltn.玄武岩231bazaarn.（中东、南亚的）集市，市场232bermn.（路边的）护坡道，滩肩233biodiversityn.生物多样性234biomen.生物群落区（如草原、森林）235bishopricn.主教辖区236blizzardn.暴风雪237bogn.沼泽，泥塘238boroughn.自治市镇，区239botanicalgardenn.植物园240bourgeoisien.资产阶级，中产阶级241breccian.角砾岩242brigaden.旅，大队243bronzewaren.青铜器244bufferstaten.缓冲国245bureaucracyn.官僚制度，官僚机构246butten.孤山，地垛247cairnn.（用作标记或纪念的）石堆248calderan.破火山口249canaln.运河，沟渠250cantonn.（瑞士等国的）州，行政区251capitalcityn.首都，首府252carbonfootprintn.碳足迹253cartogramn.统计地图，变形地图254casten.（印度社会的）种姓255catacombn.地下墓穴256causewayn.堤道，长堤257cavalryn.骑兵258cessionn.割让，转让（领土）259chancellorn.（德国等国的）总理，大臣260chaparraln.查帕拉尔群落（灌木林地）261chartern.宪章，特许状262chateaun.（法国的）城堡，庄园263chieftainn.酋长，首领264civilwarn.内战265cliffdwellingn.悬崖住所266climatechangen.气候变化267cloistern.修道院回廊，隐居地268coastalerosionn.海岸侵蚀269codiciln.遗嘱附录270coexistencen.共存，共处271coldwarn.冷战272commemorativeadj.纪念的，纪念性的273confluencenoun汇流处274conservationnoun保护275continentalityeffectnounphrase大陆性效应276coronationnoun加冕277cosmopolitanadjective国际性的278crevassenoun冰隙279crustnoun地壳280culturaldiffusionnounphrase文化传播281culturalheritagenounphrase文化遗产282deitynoun神283demesnelandnounphrase领地土地284depositionnoun沉积285desertnoun沙漠286diplomacynoun外交287discoverynoun发现288dynastyrecordnounphrase朝代记录289ecologynoun生态290empireexpansionnounphrase帝国扩张291enclavenoun飞地292environmentnoun环境293eranoun时代294ethnicminoritynounphrase少数民族295excavationsitenounphrase发掘现场296expeditionteamnounphrase探险队297federaladjective联邦的298festivalnoun节日299feudallordnounphrase封建领主300folkcustomnounphrase民俗301fortifiedtownnounphrase设防城镇302geographicalfeaturenounphrase地理特征303geographicalsocietynounphrase地理学会304glacialperiodnounphrase冰期305globalclimatenounphrase全球气候306guildnoun行会307habitatnoun栖息地308heritagepreservationnounphrase遗产保护309hieroglyphnoun象形文字310historicalsitenounphrase历史遗址311humansettlementnounphrase人类定居点312hydrologynoun水文学313indigenouspeoplenounphrase原住民314industrialcitynounphrase工业城市315inhabitantnoun居民316invasionnoun入侵317irrigationnoun灌溉318islandnoun岛屿319kingdomnoun王国320landownershipnounphrase土地所有权321landscapenoun景观322linguisticadjective语言的323localchroniclenounphrase地方志324longitudelinenounphrase经线325maritimeadjective海洋的326medievaltownnounphrase中世纪城镇327migrationwavenounphrase移民潮328miningnoun采矿329monasterynoun修道院330mountainpassnounphrase山口331municipalitynoun自治市332naturalboundarynounphrase自然边界333naturalreservenounphrase自然保护区334navalpowernounphrase海军力量335nomadictribenounphrase游牧部落336oralhistorynounphrase口述历史337paleolithicadjective旧石器时代的338peasantnoun农民339physicalgeographynounphrase自然地理340politicalboundarynounphrase政治边界341populationdensitynounphrase人口密度342prehistorynoun史前史343provincecapitalnounphrase省会344railwaynoun铁路345regionalculturenounphrase地域文化346religioussitenounphrase宗教场所347riverbasinnounphrase河流域348royalfamilynounphrase王室349ruralareanounphrase农村地区350settlementpatternnounphrase聚落模式351shorelinenoun海岸线352urbanareanounphrase城市地区353geysernoun间歇泉354tundranoun苔原355estuarynoun河口湾356mesanoun台地357ravinenoun沟壑358shrinenoun神龛359pagodanoun宝塔360anthropologistnoun人类学家361archaeologicaladjective考古的362cartographicadjective地图绘制的363clansystemnounphrase氏族制度364sedimentnoun沉积物365stratigraphynoun地层学366paleontologynoun古生物学367petroglyphnoun岩画刻痕368megalithicadjective巨石制的369settlernoun移民定居者370vassalnoun封臣371serfnoun农奴372manornoun庄园373parliamentnoun议会374treatynoun条约375armisticenoun停战协定376revoltnoun叛乱377usurpverb篡夺378annexationnoun吞并379decolonizationnoun非殖民化380geopoliticsnoun地缘政治381toponymnoun地名382hydraulicadjective水力的383terracenoun梯田384ecosystemservicenounphrase生态系统服务385biodiversityhotspotnounphrase生物多样性热点386climaticzonenounphrase气候带387oceancurrentnounphrase洋流388tradewindnounphrase信风389permafrostnoun永久冻土390alluviumnoun冲积层391loessnoun黄土392morainenoun冰碛393outcropnoun露头394escarpmentnoun悬崖395isthmianadjective地峡的396archipelagoesnoun群岛397cartelsnoun垄断联盟398paleoclimatenoun古气候399stratovolcanonoun层状火山400shielingnoun夏季牧棚序号单词或短语词性中文释义401altarpiecenoun祭坛画402ancestornoun祖先403annalnoun编年史404aquiferdepletionnounphrase含水层耗尽405archaeologicallayernounphrase考古层406archwaynoun拱门407aridadjective干旱的408artisticheritagenounphrase艺术遗产409astrolabenoun星盘410autocracynoun独裁统治411basilicanoun巴西利卡式建筑412battlefieldnoun战场413bloomnoun/verb花期；开花414borderlandnoun边境地区415bronzeartifactnounphrase青铜器具416burialcustomnounphrase丧葬习俗417cavetemplenounphrase石窟寺418centralizationnoun中央集权419chancellerynoun总理府420citizenrynoun公民群体421civilcodenounphrase民法法典422clanchiefnounphrase氏族首领423cliffnoun悬崖424coinagenoun铸币425colonialarchitecturenounphrase殖民建筑426commonernoun平民427conquerornoun征服者428consulatenoun领事馆429countynoun县430craftsmanshipnoun工艺431croprotationnounphrase作物轮作432dikenoun堤坝433dynastyfoundingnounphrase王朝建立434earthworknoun土方工程435ecclesiasticaladjective教会的436emigrationwavenounphrase移民潮437engravingnoun雕刻品438envoynoun使节439epigraphnoun铭文440ethnographernoun民族志学者441excavationpitnounphrase挖掘坑442exilenoun/verb流放443fiefnoun封地444fortnoun堡垒445frontiertownnounphrase边境城镇446glaciationnoun冰川作用447graveyardnoun墓地448guildhallnoun公会厅449hierarchnoun主教450hillfortnounphrase山寨451horticulturenoun园艺452imperialedictnounphrase诏书453indigenouslanguagenounphrase土著语言454isthmiancanalnounphrase地峡运河455jurisdictionaladjective管辖权的456knightnoun骑士457labyrinthnoun迷宫458landtenurenounphrase土地所有制459lineagenoun宗族460lithicadjective石制的461manorhousenounphrase庄园宅邸462maritimetradenounphrase海上贸易463megalithictombnounphrase巨石墓464municipaladjective市政的465nomadism名词游牧生活466paleogeography名词古地理学467sedimentaryrock名词沉积岩468cartouche名词涡卷形装饰框469cenotaph名词衣冠冢470clepsydra名词水钟471crozier名词权杖472demographic形容词人口统计的473garrisons名词驻军474hegemony名词霸权475iconography名词图像志476jurisdictionalboundary名词管辖边界477lacustrine形容词湖泊的478mausoleum名词陵墓479nunnery名词女修道院480orography名词山志学481paleoenvironment名词古环境482quarry名词采石场483regalia名词王权象征物484stalactite名词钟乳石485theocracy名词神权政治486usufruct名词用益权487vassalage名词臣属关系488wadi名词干谷489yurt名词蒙古包490ziggurat名词金字形神塔491anthropic形容词人类活动的492cistern名词蓄水池493dolmen名词石板墓494exclave名词飞地495fresco名词湿壁画496geomorphologic形容词地貌的497hinterlandroute名词腹地路线498lavatory名词厕所499moat名词护城河500stupanoun佛塔第401至500词默写练习请根据中文释义写出对应的英语单词或短语。1.联盟________2.祭坛画________3.祖先________4.编年史________5.含水层耗尽________6.考古层________7.拱门________8.干旱的________9.艺术遗产________10.星盘________11.独裁统治________12.兵营________13.巴西利卡式建筑________14.战场________15.花期；开花________16.边境地区________17.青铜器具________18.丧葬习俗________19.运河________20.石窟寺________21.中央集权________22.总理府________23.年代学________24.公民群体________25.民法法典________26.氏族首领________27.悬崖________28.铸币________29.殖民建筑________30.纪念________31.平民________32.征服者________33.领事馆________34.国际性的________35.县________36.工艺________37.作物轮作________38.文物________39.神祇________40.暴君________41.堤坝________42.王朝建立________43.土方工程________44.教会的________45.移民潮________46.飞地________47.雕刻品________48.使节________49.铭文________50.民族志学者________51.挖掘坑________52.流放________53.封地________54.峡湾________55.堡垒________56.边境城镇________57.地理学会________58.冰川作用________59.粮仓________60.墓地________61.公会厅________62.隐修处________63.主教________64.山寨________65.园艺________66.诏书________67.土著语言________68.题刻________69.地峡运河________70.管辖权的________71.骑士________72.迷宫____