2027新高考英语复习53A版1-主题十四　灾害防范

主题十四灾害防范组合练1阅读(2)&七选五1.三年模拟(2025届浙江嘉兴一中模拟,B)主题气候变化IntroductiontoAstronomyisacollegeclassusuallyfilledwithexcitementandalotofquestionsaboutouterspace,like:Whatareblackholes?Arethereplanetsouttherethatarehabitable?WhyisVenus'sclimatesodifferentfromEarth'seventhoughtheplanetsstartedoutsosimilar?It'sperhapsbecauseofthisthatthecourselendsitselftodiscussingtherealitiesofclimatechangehereonEarth.RectorisoneofthefoundersofAstronomersforPlanetEarth,anorganizationofover2,000educatorsteachingpeopleaboutclimatechangethroughastronomy.ThiscombinationmakessensetofellowastronomerJuanMadrid,whohastakenoneofRector'sworkshopsaimedateducators.“Asastronomers,wearepainfullyawarethatwehavenoPlanetB,”Madridsays,“andthatourplanetistheonlyplanet,theonlybodyinthesolarsystemthatcansustainourspecies.”MadridisaprofessorattheUniversityofTexasRioGrandeValley.Hesayswhenthetopicofclimatechangecameupinhisclass,silencewouldconsumetheroom.Then,hebeganconnectingastronomyconceptstoclimatechange.Likehowvisiblelightgetstrappedinyourcarandheatsituponahotsummerday.Thatishowgreenhousegasesact:Gaseslikecarbondioxide,watervaporandmethane(甲烷)trapheatinEarth'satmospherebyradiatingtheheatbacktoEarth'ssurface,warmingitlikeaplanet-sizedcar.ButthelessonsinRector'sandMadrid'sclassroomsdon'tstopatthestark(严酷的)realitiesofclimatechange.Theyalsoempowerstudents,discussingthepowertheyhavetochangethepathweareon.“Ithinkthat'saveryimportantrolethatwecanserveinhelpingpeopletransitionfromjustfearandshametoactionandoptimism,”saysRector.Andthatsenseofempowermentandoptimismhas,inturn,inspiredMadrid.“Idohavehopeaboutallthis,”hesays.“ButIcanonlyhavehopewhenIknowthatmystudentsandthefuturegenerationsarewell-trainedandunderstandwellourchallengesahead.”1.WhyisclimatechangediscussedinthecourseIntroductiontoAstronomy?A.Becausestudentswillbetestedonclimatechange.B.BecauseVenusandEarthwerequitesimilaratthebeginning.C.Becausequestionsaboutclimatechangewillnaturallycomeup.D.Becauseastronomyhastobecombinedwithclimatetoteachthecourseeffectively.2.WhydidMadridgivetheexampleofacarinhisclass?A.Toshowhowhotitisinacar. B.ToexplainhowtheEarthiswarmed.C.Toshowhowpollutedtheairis. D.Toexplainhowwecanadapttotheweather.3.WhatshouldbedonetodealwithclimatechangeaccordingtoMadrid?A.Helpingpeopletobepowerful.B.Askingpeopletostayoptimistic.C.Tellingpeopleaboutthehardreality.D.Makingpeopleinformedandprepared.4.AstronomersforPlanetEarthwasfoundedfor.

A.thefutureofmankind B.theachievementofcareersC.theprofitofenterprises D.thedevelopmentofscience答案1.C2.B3.D4.A2.五年高考(2024浙江一考,C)主题灾害防范OnSeptember7,1991,thecostliesthailstorm(雹暴)inCanadianhistoryhitCalgary'ssouthernsuburbs.Asaresult,since1996agroupofinsurancecompanieshavespentabout$2millionperyearontheAlbertaHailSuppressionProject.Airplanesseedthreateningstormcellswithachemicaltomakesmallicecrystalsfallasrainbeforetheycangrowintodangeroushailstones.Butfarmersineast-centralAlberta—downwindofthehailprojectflights—worrythatpreciousmoisture(水分)isbeingstolenfromtheirthirstylandbythecloudseeding.NormanStienwand,whofarmsinthatarea,hasbeenaddressingpublicmeetingsonthisissueforyears.“Basically,theprovincialgovernmentislettingtheinsurancecompaniesprotecttheCalgary-Edmontonurbanareafromhail,”Mr.Stienwandsays,“butthey'reincreasingdroughtriskasfareastasSaskatchewan.”TheAlbertahailprojectismanagedbyTerryKrauss,acloudphysicistwhoworksforWeatherModificationInc.ofFargo,NorthDakota.“Weaffectonlyaverysmallpercentageofthetotalmoistureintheair,sowecannotbecausingdrought,”Dr.Krausssays.“Infact,wemaybehelpingincreasethemoisturedownwindbycreatingwetterground.”OnedoubteraboutthesafetyofcloudseedingisChuckDoswell,aresearchscientistwhojustretiredfromtheUniversityofOklahoma.“In1999,Ipersonallysawsignificanttornadoes(龙卷风)formfromaseededstormcellinKansas,”Dr.Doswellsays.“Doescloudseedingcreatekillerstormsorreducemoisturedownwind?Noonereallyknows,ofcourse,buttheseedinggoeson.”Giventhedegreeofdoubt,Mr.Stienwandsuggests,“itwouldbewisetostopcloudseeding.”Inpractice,doubthashadtheoppositeeffect.Duetothelackofscientificproofconcerningtheirimpacts,noonehassucceededinwinningalawsuitagainstcloud-seedingcompanies.Hence,privateclimateengineeringcanproceedinrelativelegalsafety.1.Whatdoestheprojectaimtodo?A.Conservemoistureinthesoil. B.Preventtheformationofhailstones.C.Forecastdisastroushailstorms. D.Investigatechemicaluseinfarming.2.Whoareopposedtotheproject?A.Farmersineast-centralAlberta. B.Managersofinsurancecompanies.C.Provincialgovernmentofficials. D.ResidentsofCalgaryandEdmonton.3.WhydoesDr.Doswellmentionthetornadoeshesawin1999?A.Tocomparedifferentkindsofseedingmethods.B.Toillustratethedevelopmentofbighailstorms.C.Toindicateapossibledangerofcloudseeding.D.Toshowthelinkbetweenstormsandmoisture.4.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.ScientificstudieshaveprovedStienwandright.B.PrivateclimateengineeringisillegalinCanada.C.Thedoubtaboutcloudseedinghasdisappeared.D.Cloud-seedingcompanieswillcontinuetoexist.答案1.B2.A3.C4.D3.三年模拟(2026届湖南部分学校联考)主题灾害防范Anyhomemaybeatriskofflooding,evenfromaheavyrain,butsomehomesaremoresusceptible(易受影响的)thanothers.1.?Actuallynot,butkeepinmindthatyoumaybeabletomakesomechangesoutsidethatwillhelpkeepwaterfromcominginside.

Improvesitedrainage(排水).Thiscanbeveryhelpfulifyouhaveabasementthattendstofloodafteraheavyrain.Buildinggutters(排水沟)tokeepwaterflowingawayfromthehouseisalsoimportant.Youmayfaceareallycomplexproblem.2..Theycanassessyouryard,designadrainageplan,andsetupvarioussystems.

Planttrees.Itmaynotsoundlikeaflood-proofingstrategy,butyoucouldplantnativetreesaroundyourpropertytohelpabsorbexcesswater.Nativeplants,notaplantthatdoesn'tgrowintheareanaturally,areimportant.3..Nativeplantsalsotendtobebetterfortheenvironment.

4..Youmaywanttodesignanewroadsurfacethatabsorbswatermoreeasily.Ifyou'reconsideringreplacingasidewalk,it'scertainlyworthconsideringusingamaterialthatmayreduceyourriskofflooding.Thesenewroadsurfaceoptionscanalsohelpfilter(过滤)outpollutantsthatultimatelyendupinthewatersupply.

Cleanguttersregularly.Everyoneknowsthis,butit'sgottobesaid.Thoseguttersarethereforareason,tokeeprainawayfromyourhome.Youmustkeepyourguttersclean.5..

A.TakealookatyoursidewalkB.Chooseproperwater-absorbingmaterialC.YoucanturntodrainagespecialistsforhelpD.Otherwise,theguttersblockedwithleavesbecomeuselessE.HowcanwemakethefloodpreventionhomeimprovementsF.DoweneedtomakelotsoffloodpreventionhomeimprovementsG.Thisisbecausetheirrootscangodeeperandgrabmoregroundwater答案1.F2.C3.G4.A5.D组合练2阅读(2)&完形1.三年模拟(2025河北张家口三模,B)主题自然灾害TheNationalWeatherServiceinDesMoines,Iowa,postedearlySaturdaymorningthatinitialreportsindicateatleast10tornadoes(龙卷风)struckcentralIowainFriday'sstorms,basedoninitialdamageinformation.ForAustinEhlers,afirefighterinPersia,acityabout15minutesawayfromMinden,thetornadodestroyedhisgrandfather'shome.“HelivesjustoutsideofMinden,rightinthepaththatthetornadotook,”Ehlerssaid.“AfterweclearedeverythinginPersia,wejumpedinthetrucksandwenttoMindenandhelped.Ifoundoutmygrandpa'shousewascompletelygone,andhe'sbasicallylosteverything.”DespiteEhlers'grandfather'shousebeingdestroyed,hisgrandfatherwasuninjuredinthetornado,hesaid.“Hetoldmehejustgotintothebasementandwasgettingreadytoshutthedoorwhenallhiswindowsshatteredandglassalmosthithimintheback,”Ehlerssaid.“Itwasclose.Realclose.”AtornadotoucheddownjustwestofPleasantHill,justeastofDesMoines,sweepingacrosstown,injuringonepersonanddamaginghomes.PleasantHillFireDepartmentChiefJamieXayavongtoldreportersatanewsconferenceSaturdaythattheperson'sinjurywasnotlife-threatening.However,18damagedhomesinthetownwerenolongerinhabitable.Thefirechiefdidnotknowhowstrongthetornadowas,thoughitleftseveralotherhomeswithmoderate(中等的)orminordamage.Sheindicatedthatmoredamagereportscouldcomeinasrecoverycontinues.Thoseintheareawerein“alife-threateningsituation,”thefirechiefsaid.“Flyingdebris(碎片)maybedeadlytothosecaughtwithoutshelter.Mobilehomeswillbedestroyed.Considerabledamagetohomes,businesses,andvehiclesislikelyandcompletedestructionispossible.”Severalofthecity'scrossstreetswerecompletelyblockedbyemergencycrewsandtreedebris.Trafficseemedtobetryingtoleavethesurroundingneighborhoods,whichwerewithoutpower.Attheheightofthestorm,morethan10,000customersindowntownDesMoineswerewithoutpower.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shattered”inParagraph3mean?A.Becameverydirty. B.Brokeintopieces.C.Wereclosedup. D.Wereblownaway.2.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellus?A.Thepathofthetornado. B.Thedamagetothetown.C.Thepredictionofthechief. D.Theluckoftheinjuredperson.3.Whyweremanypeopleleavingtheneighborhoods?A.Theylosttheirhomes. B.Thecrossstreetswereblocked.C.Thetornadoeswerecomingback. D.Theyhadnoaccesstoelectricity.4.Whatisthistext?A.Anewsitem. B.Arescuediary.C.Aweatherforecast. D.Adisasterwarning.答案1.B2.B3.D4.A2.五年高考(2022新高考Ⅱ,C)主题安全常识Overthelastsevenyears,moststateshavebannedtextingbydrivers,andpublicservicecampaignshavetriedawiderangeofmethodstopersuadepeopletoputdowntheirphoneswhentheyarebehindthewheel.Yettheproblem,byjustaboutanymeasure,appearstobegettingworse.Americansarestilltextingwhiledriving,aswellasusingsocialnetworksandtakingphotos.Roadaccidents,whichhadfallenforyears,arenowrisingsharply.Thatispartlybecausepeoplearedrivingmore,butMarkRosekind,thechiefoftheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration,saiddistracted(分心)drivingwas“onlyincreasing,unfortunately.”“Bigchangerequiresbigideas,”hesaidinaspeechlastmonth,referringbroadlytotheneedtoimproveroadsafety.Sototrytochangeadistinctlymodernbehavior,lawmakersandpublichealthexpertsarereachingbacktoanoldapproach:Theywanttotreatdistracteddrivinglikedrunkdriving.AnideafromlawmakersinNewYorkistogivepoliceofficersanewdevicecalledtheTextalyzer.Itwouldworklikethis:AnofficerarrivingatthesceneofacrashcouldaskforthephonesofthedriversandusetheTextalyzertocheckintheoperatingsystemforrecentactivity.Thetechnologycoulddeterminewhetheradriverhadjusttexted,emailedordoneanythingelsethatisnotallowedunderNewYork'shands-freedrivinglaws.“Weneedsomethingonthebooksthatcanchangepeople'sbehavior,”saidFélixW.Ortiz,whopushedforthestate's2001banonhand-helddevicesbydrivers.IftheTextalyzerbillbecomeslaw,hesaid,“peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoputtheirhandsonthecellphone.”1.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebanondrivers'textingintheUS?A.Ineffective.B.Unnecessary.C.Inconsistent.D.Unfair.2.WhatcantheTextalyzerhelpapoliceofficerfindout?A.Whereadrivercamefrom.B.Whetheradriverusedtheirphone.C.Howfastadriverwasgoing.D.Whenadriverarrivedatthescene.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“something”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Advice.B.Data.C.Tests.D.Laws.4.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ToDriveorNottoDrive?ThinkBeforeYouStartB.TextingandDriving?WatchOutfortheTextalyzerC.NewYorkBanningHand-HeldDevicesbyDriversD.TheNextGenerationCellPhone:TheTextalyzer答案1.A2.B3.D4.B3.三年模拟(2026届黑龙江龙西北名校联盟开学考)主题救援AnAustralianexplorerhasbeenrescuedfromtheDavisResearchStationineastAntarctica,followinga(n)1effortbyland,airandseathatcoveredthousandsofmilesontheremotecontinent.TheAmericanandChineserescuersjoinedthefive-day2,whichAustralianofficialsonFridaycalledanoutstandingsuccess.

OnDecember20,whentheChineseicebreakerXueLong23theSOSmessage,itwasabout75milesfromDavisandwas4toChina'sZhongshanStation.Theship5senthelicopters(直升机)totransportateamofDavisengineerstoasite25milesinlandto6askiwayforaircraftequippedwithskis.

Atthesametime,870mileseastalongthesouthernAntarcticcoast,anotherteam7topreparearunwayattheAustralian-operatedWilkinsAerodrome,about40milessoutheastofAustralia'sCaseyStation.

ThentheUSteamflewaski-equippedaircraft1,300milesfromitsMcMurdoStationinAntarcticatoWilkinsAerodrome,whereit8anAustraliandoctorandmadea1,700-mileroundtriptotakethepatientfromtheskiwaynearDavisand9toWilkinsAerodrome.

Fromthere,anAustralianAirbusA319pickedupthe10andflewsome1,800milestothecityofHobart,Australia,11justbeforeChristmasEve.

“Therescuetookplaceinavery12environmentandwas13bythelimitedtimerequiredtoprepareboththeskiwayandrunway.14fromtheAmericanandChineseteamswasinvaluable,”theofficialssaid.“Antarcticareallybringsnationstogetherto15eachother.”

1.A.endless B.easy C.last D.multinational2.A.celebration B.operation C.competition D.research3.A.sent B.escaped C.received D.translated4.A.heading B.pulled C.welcomed D.flying5.A.immediately B.mistakenly C.occasionally D.unwillingly6.A.block B.construct C.measure D.occupy7.A.declined B.continued C.worked D.forgot8.A.cameacross B.arguedwith C.appliedto D.pickedup9.A.hike B.return C.slide D.lead10.A.patient B.reporter C.official D.doctor11.A.leaving B.planning C.protesting D.arriving12.A.warm B.boring C.challenging D.wet13.A.helped B.complicated C.ruined D.represented14.A.Information B.Evidence C.Permission D.Assistance15.A.support B.understand C.see D.treat答案1.D2.B3.C4.A5.A6.B7.C8.D9.B10.A11.D12.C13.B14.D15.A组合练3七选五&完形&应用文写作1.三年模拟(2026届广东五校第二次联考)主题安全防范Therehavebeenseveralincidentsinrecentyearswherepeoplediedbecauseofunsafecrowdconditionsandstampedes(人群的蜂拥),thelatestoneunfoldinginSeoul,SouthKorea,withatleast159deathsreported.Thismayleavesomepeoplethinkingthere'slittleyoucandotosurviveastampede.1.Butcrowd-safetyexpertssaythereareseveralstrategiesthatcouldhelpyouavoidapotentiallydeadlyoutcome.Considerthesestepsbelow:

Thekeytostayingsafeinacrowdbeginsassoonasyouarriveatthelocation,saysRandyAtlas,asafetyconsultantbasedinFortLauderdale.2.It'sapieceofcommon-senseadvicethatAtlasappliesnotjustatbigevents,butevenwhenenteringalmostanyroom.

Ifthere'sasuddenpanicandcrowdsbegintopushinacertaindirection,yourinstinct(本能的反应)maybetofightbackandpushtheoppositeway.3.Ifyougoagainsttheflow,youincreaseyourchancesofgettingtrippedandknockeddown.Anotherrisk,accordingtoexperts:Ifyoufightthecrowd,youwilltireyourselfoutquicklyinasituationwhereenergyisneeded.

Asyoumoveforwardwiththecrowd,it'sbesttomoveinadiagonal(对角线的)directionsoyoucanpotentiallyangleyourwayoutofthesituation.Thegoalistogettotheedgeofthestampedewhereit'slesslikelythatyou'llendupstuckatachokepoint,likeadoorway.4.Lookforasolidstructuretostandbehindsuchasapillarorawall.Otherplacestoduck:behindacarorevenalamppost.

Inmanystampedeevents,peoplediesimplybecausetheyarecrushedtothepointtheycan'tbreathe.Butapossiblewaytoavoidthisistoplaceyourarmsinfrontofyou,almostinaboxer-likeposition.Thatcouldgiveyousomeveryvaluablebreathingroom—literally.5.

A.Anotherpotentialwayistoshelteryourself.B.Butthatcouldbeabigmistake,Atlaswarns.C.Inthiscase,youdon'tnecessarilyhavetowaitandlettimeslipby.D.Namely,totakenoteofwherethenearestexitsare.E.It'sasimplepose,butsurprisinglyeffectiveandpossiblylife-saving.F.Otherevents,suchasaHalloweengathering,arelikelytoturndeadly.G.Indeed,it'safrighteningsituationandcircumstancesmaymakeitimpossibletoescape.答案1.G2.D3.B4.A5.E2.三年模拟(2026届黑龙江龙东十校联盟开学考)主题灾害防范Whenyouliveinatornadozone,itisdrilledintoyourheadhowtoidentifyatornado.ItwasMay2008,around1or2a.m.Iwaslivingina1homeparknearZorinskyLakeinOmaha.MyfriendsandIweresittingontheporch(门廊),havinga2time.IwasimmersedinthebeautyofZorinskyLake,3thatherewasastormapproaching.Suddenly,thebreezestoppedandtherewasthe4—nocricketsandfrogscallingout.Nothing.Icalledmyfriendstogoinsidehomeandassoonasweshutthedoor,weheardwhatsoundedlikeafreight(货运)train5by.Theentirehome6andwehuddled(蜷缩)together.Awhilelater,themobilehomestoppedshakingandthealarm7.ItwassoloudtothepointthatIthoughtIhadlostmy8.Wetunedtotheradioandwereinformedthattherewasatornado9Omaha,butquicklymovedout.

Wewentoutsideandlookedonourlittlecommunity.Therewerenodeaths,fewwereinjured,andourmobilehomesstillheldup10.Itturnedoutourcommunitywasn'tinthe11ofthetornado,butstillit12acoupleoftreessoyoucouldn'ttravelalongtheroadinanytypeofvehicles.

Thesceneofthatday13inmyheadtillthisdayandIreallyappreciatewhatithastaughtme.NowIhavetwolittlegirls.I'mimpressingonthemallthesurvival14andtheimportanceofwatchingtheskyinspring—alwayshaveonefootreadytostepintothetornado15.

1.A.permanent B.luxurious C.mobile D.shaky2.A.leisure B.busy C.tough D.lonely3.A.clueless B.conscious C.uneasy D.content4.A.noise B.mess C.silence D.mixture5.A.edging B.thundering C.standing D.slipping6.A.leaked B.quaked C.smoked D.collapsed7.A.brokedown B.cutout C.wentoff D.fadedaway8.A.mind B.hearing C.sight D.way9.A.burying B.burning C.striking D.flooding10.A.dusty B.quiet C.empty D.strong11.A.shadow B.peak C.exit D.path12.A.refreshed B.tipped C.protected D.stroked13.A.plays B.fades C.bothers D.changes14.A.rates B.fears C.testimonies D.tricks15.A.eye B.season C.shelter D.route答案1.C2.A3.A4.C5.B6.B7.C8.B9.C10.D11.D12.B13.A14.D15.C3.三年模拟(2025届安徽阜阳临泉田家炳实验中学期中)询问信假定你是在加拿大学习的交换生李华,听说学校创立了消防员训练营(FirefighterBootCamp),请给好朋友Jack写一封邮件,内容包括:1.咨询训练营的主要活动及入营条件;2.表达参加欲望。注意:写作词数应为80个左右。DearJack,Ihopethisemailfindsyouwell.

Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua答案Onepossibleversion:DearJack,Ihopethisemailfindsyouwell.I'mcurrentlyinCanadaasanexchangestudentandhaveheardsomeexcitingnewsaboutourschoollaunchingaFirefighterBootCamp.I'mwritingtolearnmoreaboutthisopportunity.Couldyoupleasetellmeaboutthemainactivitiesinvolvedinthebootcamp?I'minterestedinunderstandingtheskillsandexperiencesthatparticipantswillgain.Additionally,I'dliketoknowtheconditionsrequiredtojointhecamp.Isthereaspecificsetofqualificationsorprerequisitesthatonemustmeet?Imustadmittheideaofparticipatinginsuchacampisincrediblyappealingtome.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua组合练4阅读(2)&完形1.三年模拟(2025届山东烟台期中,B)主题消防GeorgeC.HaleservedastheChiefoftheKansasCityFireDepartmentfor21years.Attheendofthe19thcentury,heenhancedfirefightingwithhismorethan60patentedinventions,includingtheHaleWaterTowerandtheautomaticfirealarm,andhelpedbringAmerica'sfiredepartmentsintothemodernera.InKansas'earlyhistory,fireswerecommoninmosthomesbuiltofwoodandheatedwithcoal.Everysecondmatteredforthecrewstaskedwithputtingthemout.Halewasamechanicalgenius,solvingtheproblemsfirefightersfacedinhisera.Teamsoftrainedhorseswereusedtotransportequipmenttoandfromfiresfrom1860to1927.Harnessing(上挽具)thehorseswasatime-consumingbusinessuntilHaleinventedtheswinginghorseharness.Theharnesswassuspendedfromtheceilingofthefirestation.Whenthealarmsounded,thehorsesmovedintoplaceandtheharnessbrokeopenanddroppedintoposition,makingthemspringintoactionwithlightningspeed.Haledrilledhisteamtomakecertaineverymomentcounted.Demonstrationsoftheirrecord-speedharnessweresosuccessfulthatmajorcitiesdemandedtoseetheKansasCityfirefightersinaction.TheteamwaseveninvitedtorepresenttheUnitedStatesasthe“AmericanFireTeam”attheInternationalFireCongressinLondonin1893foranaudiencewithQueenVictoria.Passionateaboutseekingnewapproachestoupgradingfirefighting,Halemadenumerousinventions,facilitatingfirefighters'workefficiency.Heevenhiredacircusgymnasttoteachfirefightersphysicalfitness.Hisnovelideasdramaticallychangedthewholefireservice.Intheend,Halewasbroughtdownbypolitics.In1902,hewasfiredowingtohispoliticalconflictwiththeauthorities,yetHaledidn'tquithiscommitmenttofirefighting.HeactivelyadviseddepartmentsaroundthecountryandsoldfirecontrolfacilitiesasfarawayasRussia.Whenhediedin1923,theKansasCityJournalcalledhim“oneofthegreatestfirechiefsinthehistoryofmodernfirefighting”.1.WhatwastheadvantageofGeorgeC.Hale'sswingingharness?A.Itallowedhorsestorunfaster. B.Itreducedresponsetimetofire.C.Itmadehorsesmoredefensive. D.Itrelievedthehorses'fearoffire.2.WhydoestheauthormentiontheInternationalFireCongress?A.ToindicatetheexcellenceofHale'steam.B.Tocomparediversefirefightingtechniques.C.Toevaluatetheroleoftheinternationalstage.D.ToconvincepeopleofAmerica'seffortsinfirefighting.3.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsGeorgeC.Hale?A.Critical.B.Sympathetic.C.Forgiving.D.Admiring.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HonorsoftheKansasCityFireDepartmentB.DevelopmentofKansas'FirefightingCauseC.GeorgeC.Hale:AWitnesstotheFireServiceD.AGreatContributortoFirefighting:GeorgeC.Hale答案1.B2.A3.D4.D2.三年模拟(2025届山东省实验中学期中,D)主题灾害防范Theworldisalreadyfacingnaturaldisastersofepicproportionsastemperaturesrise.Theonlyknownmethodabletoquicklyarrestthistemperatureriseisclimateengineering,whichisasetofproposedactionstodeliberatelyaltertheclimate.Theseactionsincludeimitatingthecoolingeffectsoflargevolcaniceruptionsbyputtinglargeamountsofreflectiveparticles(微粒)intheatmosphere,ormakinglowcloudsovertheoceanbrighter.Bothstrategieswouldreflectasmallamountofsunlightbacktospacetocooltheplanet.Therearemanyunansweredquestions,however,abouttheeffectsofintentionallyalteringtheclimate.Oneofthelargestconcernsformanycountriesisnationalsecurity.Thatdoesn'tjustmeanwars;riskstofood,energyandwatersuppliesarenationalsecurityissues.Besides,aclimateengineeringprojectinonecountryislikelytoaffecttemperatureandrainfallinneighboringcountries.Thatcouldbegoodorbadforcrops,watersuppliesandfloodrisk.Onceclimateengineeringisemployed,countriesmaybemorelikelytoblameclimateengineeringforextremeeventssuchashurricanes,floodsanddroughts,regardlessoftheevidence.Whilesmallexperimentshavebeencarriedout,nobodyhasconductedlarge-scaleclimateengineeringyet.Thatmeansthatalotofinformationaboutitseffectsreliesonclimatemodels.Fornow,therearemorequestionsaboutclimateengineeringthananswers.It'shardtosaywhetherclimateengineeringwouldcreatemoreconflict,orifitcoulddefuseinternationaltensionsbyreducingclimatechange.Butinternationaldecisionsonclimateengineeringarelikelycomingsoon.AttheUnitedNationsEnvironmentAssemblyin2024,Africancountriescalledforapostponementofclimateengineering,urgingallprecautions.Othernations,includingtheUnitedStates,pressedforaformalscientificgrouptostudytherisksandbenefitsbeforemakinganydecisions.Climateengineeringcouldbepartofareasonablesolutiontoclimatechange.Butitalsocarriesrisks.Putsimply,climateengineeringisatechnologythatcan'tbeignored,butmoreresearchisneededsopolicymakerscanmakeinformeddecisions.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“arrest”inparagraph1mean?A.Force.B.Cease.C.Adopt.D.Match.2.Whatdoweknowaboutclimateengineering?A.Itaimsatred