2026年河南省人教版初中英语第12单元同步练习题

2026年河南省人教版初中英语第12单元同步练习题一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.AccordingtothepassageinUnit12,whatisthemainreasonwhymanystudentschoosetostudysciencesubjects?A.Becausesciencesubjectsareeasierthanothersubjects.B.Becausesciencesubjectscanhelpthemunderstandtheworldbetter.C.Becausesciencesubjectsaremoreinterestingthanartsubjects.D.Becausesciencesubjectshavemorejobopportunitiesinthefuture.（解析：根据第12单元课文内容，文章主要讨论了科学学科的重要性，指出科学能够帮助学生更好地理解世界，因此B选项最符合文章主旨。A选项错误，文章未提及科学更容易；C选项片面，文章未比较科学与艺术；D选项虽然正确但不是文章重点。）2.Whatdoesthesentence"Scienceisawayofthinking,notjustacollectionoffacts"meanaccordingtotheteacherinthepassage?A.Scienceisonlyaboutmemorizingfacts.B.Scienceisabouthowwethinkandsolveproblems.C.Scienceismoredifficultthanothersubjects.D.Scienceisnotasimportantasartsubjects.（解析：该句强调科学是一种思维方式，而不仅仅是事实的堆砌。B选项准确表达了这一含义，即科学关注思维过程。A选项错误，文章反对死记硬背；C选项无关，文章未比较难度；D选项与文章观点相反。）3.Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofstudyingsciencesubjects?A.Itcanimprovecriticalthinkingskills.B.Itcanhelppeoplesolvereal-worldproblems.C.Itcanmakestudentsmorecreative.D.Itcanleadtomorejobopportunities.（解析：文章列举了科学学科的多项好处，包括提升批判性思维、解决实际问题、增加就业机会等，但未明确提到能增强创造力。C选项与文章内容不符，故为正确答案。）4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsciencesubjectsaccordingtothepassage?A.Negative,becausescienceistoodifficult.B.Neutral,becausescienceisjustoneofmanysubjects.C.Positive,becausescienceisveryimportant.D.Indifferent,becausetheauthordoesnotlikescience.（解析：全文通过列举科学的价值和案例，表达了作者对科学学科的积极态度。C选项最符合文章基调。）5.Ifyouwanttobecomeascientistinthefuture,whichsubjectshouldyoustudymoreaccordingtothepassage?A.History,becauseitismoreinteresting.B.Art,becauseitcanhelpyourelax.C.Biology,becauseitisthefoundationofscience.D.Geography,becauseitisusefulfortraveling.（解析：文章建议学生打好科学基础，尤其是生物学作为科学的基础学科。C选项与文章建议一致。）6.Whatdoestheword"curiosity"meaninthecontextofthepassage?A.BoredomB.InterestinlearningC.FearofscienceD.Dislikeofexperiments（解析：文章多次提到好奇心是科学探索的动力，B选项准确表达了该词在文中的含义。）7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTacharacteristicofagoodscientist?A.CuriosityB.PatienceC.LazinessD.Creativity（解析：文章强调科学家应具备好奇心、耐心和创造力，C选项与科学精神相反。）8.WhatisthemainideaofthepassageinUnit12?A.Sciencesubjectsarethemostimportantsubjectsinschool.B.Sciencecanhelpusunderstandtheworldandsolveproblems.C.Scientistsarethemostfamouspeopleintheworld.D.Scienceisonlyforpeoplewhoaregoodatmath.（解析：全文围绕科学的价值展开，强调其帮助人类理解世界和解决问题的作用。B选项概括了文章主旨。）9.Ifyouwanttostudysciencesubjectswell,whatshouldyoudoaccordingtothepassage?A.Skipscienceclassesbecausetheyareboring.B.Onlymemorizesciencefactswithoutthinking.C.Becuriousandtrytosolveproblems.D.Avoidexperimentsbecausetheyaredangerous.（解析：文章建议学生保持好奇心、积极思考，C选项符合文章建议。）10.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofscience?A.Sciencewillbelessimportantinthefuture.B.Sciencewillonlybeusefulforscientists.C.Sciencewillplayabiggerroleinsolvingglobalproblems.D.Sciencewillreplaceallothersubjects.（解析：文章暗示科学将在解决全球性问题上发挥更大作用，C选项最符合文章观点。）二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）1.Accordingtothepassage,scienceisawayofthinkingthathelpsus______theworldaroundus.（参考答案：understand）（解析：文章多次提到科学是一种思维方法，帮助人们理解世界，故填understand。）2.Thescientistinthestorywasvery______becausehealwaysaskedquestionsabouthowthingsworked.（参考答案：curious）（解析：文中描述科学家不断提问，体现了好奇心这一品质。）3.Ifyouwanttobeagoodscientist,youneedtobe______andnotgiveupeasilywhenyoufacedifficulties.（参考答案：patient）（解析：文章建议科学家应具备耐心，面对挑战不放弃。）4.Thepassagementionsthatmanyscientists______tofindanswerstotheirquestions.（参考答案：doexperiments）（解析：文中提到科学家通过实验验证假设，故填doexperiments。）5.Sciencecanhelpussolveproblemslikeclimatechangeandpollutionbecauseitgivesus______tofindsolutions.（参考答案：ideas）（解析：文章指出科学提供了解决环境问题的思路，故填ideas。）6.Theteacherinthepassagesaidthatscienceisnotjustaboutmemorizing______,butalsoaboutthinking.（参考答案：facts）（解析：文中对比了死记硬背与科学思维，强调科学不仅是事实，更是思考。）7.Ifyouwanttostudysciencewell,youshould______andtrytoapplywhatyoulearntoreallife.（参考答案：becreative）（解析：文章建议学生发挥创造力，将知识应用于实践。）8.Thepassagementionsthatsciencesubjectscanhelpyougetmore______inthefuture.（参考答案：jobopportunities）（解析：文中提到科学学科能增加就业机会，故填jobopportunities。）9.Agoodscientistmusthaveastrong______toexploretheunknown.（参考答案：curiosity）（解析：文章强调好奇心是科学探索的动力，故填curiosity。）10.Thepassagesuggeststhatsciencecanhelpus______betterinthefuture.（参考答案：live）（解析：文中提到科学改善人类生活，故填live。）三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Accordingtothepassage,sciencesubjectsareharderthanartsubjects.（参考答案：False）（解析：文章未比较科学和艺术的难度，故判断错误。）2.Theauthorofthepassagethinksthatscienceisthemostimportantsubjectinschool.（参考答案：False）（解析：文章强调科学的重要性，但未说它是“最”重要的学科。）3.Ifyouarelazy,youcanstillbecomeagoodscientistaccordingtothepassage.（参考答案：False）（解析：文章指出科学家需要勤奋和耐心，故判断错误。）4.Thepassagesuggeststhatscienceisonlyforpeoplewhoaregoodatmath.（参考答案：False）（解析：文章未提及数学能力与科学的关系，故判断错误。）5.Accordingtothepassage,sciencecanhelpussolveproblemslikepollution.（参考答案：True）（解析：文中提到科学能解决环境问题，故判断正确。）6.Thescientistinthestorygaveupeasilywhenhefaceddifficulties.（参考答案：False）（解析：文中描述科学家坚持不懈，故判断错误。）7.Thepassagementionsthatsciencesubjectsaremoreinterestingthanhistorysubjects.（参考答案：False）（解析：文章未比较科学和历史的趣味性。）8.Accordingtothepassage,scienceisjustacollectionoffacts.（参考答案：False）（解析：文章反对将科学视为事实的堆砌，故判断错误。）9.Thepassagesuggeststhatsciencewillreplaceallothersubjectsinthefuture.（参考答案：False）（解析：文章未提及科学取代其他学科，故判断错误。）10.Accordingtothepassage,beingcuriousisthemostimportantqualityforascientist.（参考答案：True）（解析：文章多次强调好奇心的重要性，故判断正确。）四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Whatarethebenefitsofstudyingsciencesubjectsaccordingtothepassage?（参考答案：-Sciencecanimprovecriticalthinkingskills.-Ithelpssolvereal-worldproblems.-Itincreasesjobopportunitiesinthefuture.-Itfosterscreativityandcuriosity.解析：文章列举了科学的多项好处，包括提升思维、解决实际问题、增加就业机会、培养创造力和好奇心。）2.Whyiscuriosityimportantforascientistaccordingtothepassage?（参考答案：Curiositydrivesscientiststoaskquestionsandexploretheunknown.Withoutcuriosity,scientistswouldnotbemotivatedtodiscovernewthingsorsolveproblems.Itisthefoundationofscientificresearch.解析：文章指出好奇心是科学探索的动力，促使科学家提问和探索未知，是科研的基础。）3.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofscience?（参考答案：Thepassagesuggeststhatsciencewillplayanincreasinglyimportantroleinsolvingglobalchallengeslikeclimatechangeandpollution.Itwillalsoleadtomorejobopportunitiesandbetterwaysofliving.解析：文章暗示科学将在解决全球性问题上发挥更大作用，并带来更多就业机会和生活改善。）4.Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldstudentsdoiftheywanttostudysciencewell?（参考答案：-Becuriousandaskquestions.-Bepatientandnotgiveupeasily.-Trytoapplywhattheylearntoreallife.-Becreativeandthinkoutsidethebox.解析：文章建议学生保持好奇心、耐心、创造力，并将知识应用于实践。）5.WhatisthemainideaofthepassageinUnit12?（参考答案：Themainideaisthatscienceisavaluablewayofthinkingthathelpsusunderstandtheworldandsolveproblems.Itisnotjustaboutmemorizingfactsbutalsoaboutcuriosity,creativity,andperseverance.解析：全文围绕科学的价值展开，强调其帮助人类理解世界和解决问题的作用，并指出科学不仅是事实，更是思维方式和品质。）6.Whydoestheteacherinthepassagesaythatscienceisawayofthinking?（参考答案：Theteachermeansthatscienceisnotjustaboutmemorizingfacts,butabouthowwethink—howweobserve,question,analyze,andsolveproblems.Itinvolvesaprocessofreasoningandexploration.解析：教师强调科学是一种思维方式，即观察、提问、分析和解决问题的过程，而非单纯记忆事实。）7.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomechallengesthatscientistsface?（参考答案：Scientistsmayfacechallengeslikelackoffunding,difficultexperiments,orfailuretogettheexpectedresults.Theyalsoneedtodealwithskepticismfromothersandbepatientwhenwaitingforanswers.解析：文章暗示科学家可能面临资金不足、实验困难、结果不符等挑战，需要耐心和应对质疑的能力。）8.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttherelationshipbetweenscienceandart?（参考答案：Thepassagedoesnotdirectlycomparescienceandart,butitimpliesthatbothareimportantineducation.Sciencehelpsusunderstandtheworld,whileartcanhelpusexpressourselvesandrelax.Theyarecomplementaryratherthancompetitive.解析：文章未直接比较科学与艺术，但暗示两者都是教育的重要组成部分，科学帮助理解世界，艺术帮助表达和放松，是互补而非竞争关系。）五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.SupposeyouareastudentinGrade8.Writeashortparagraph(about80words)explainingwhyyouthinksciencesubjectsareimportant.（参考答案：Ithinksciencesubjectsareimportantbecausetheyhelpusunderstandhowthingsworkintheworld.Forexample,biologyhelpsmeknowaboutplantsandanimals,whilephysicsexplainswhyobjectsfall.Sciencealsopreparesmeforfuturejobsandteachesmehowtosolveproblems.Itisnotjustaboutmemorizingfactsbutalsoaboutthinkingandexploring.Learningsciencemakesmecuriousandsmarter.解析：答案应包含对科学价值的理解，如帮助理解世界、为未来做准备、培养思维等，字数约80字。）2.Imagineyouareascientist.Writeashortparagraph(about100words)describinghowyouusecuriositytosolveproblems.（参考答案：Asascientist,curiositydrivesmetoaskquestionsabouttheworld.Forexample,Iwascuriousaboutwhysomeplantsgrowbetterinsunlight.Idesignedexperimentstotestdifferentconditionsandanalyzedtheresults.Curiositymademepersistentevenwhentheexperimentsfailedatfirst.Italsohelpedmethinkcreativelytofindnewsolutions.Withoutcuriosity,Iwouldnothavecontinuedmyresearchormadediscoveries.解析：答案应体现好奇心如何推动提问、实验和解决问题，展现科学家的思维过程。）3.Supposeyourschoolisplanningtostartascienceclub.Writeashortparagraph(about120words)suggestingthreeactivitiesfortheclub.（参考答案：Isuggestthreeactivitiesforthescienceclub:1)Organizeexperimentstoexplorescienceprinciples,likemakingavolcanoorgrowingcrystals.2)Invitescientiststogivetalksabouttheirworkandinspireus.3)Participateinsciencefairstoshowourprojectsandlearnfromothers.Theseactivitiescanhelpusapplywhatwelearninclass,developteamworkskills,andsparkourcuriosity.Theywillmakesciencefunandengagingforeveryone.解析：答案应包含具体可行的活动建议，并说明其意义，字数约120字。）4.Writeashortparagraph(about100words)explaininghowsciencecanhelpsolvetheproblemofpollution.（参考答案：Sciencecanhelpsolvepollutionbyfindingnewwaystoreducewasteandcleantheenvironment.Forexample,scientistsdevelopbiodegradablematerialstoreplaceplastic,andtheystudyhowtotreatpollutedwater.Technologylikesolarenergyalsoreducespollutionfromfossilfuels.Scienceprovidessolutionsbasedonresearchandinnovation.Bystudyingscience,wecanunderstandthecausesofpollutionandworktogethertoprotectourplanet.解析：答案应说明科学如何通过技术创新和研究发现解决污染问题，字数约100字。）5.Supposeyouareinterviewingascientist.Writeashortparagraph(about120words)askingthreequestionsabouttheirwork.（参考答案：6.Whatinspiredyoutobecomeascientist?7.Whatisthemostchallengingpartofyourresearch?8.Howdoyouthinkyourworkwillhelppeopleinthefuture?Thesequestionscanhelpmeunderstandthescientist'smotivation,challenges,andtheimpactoftheirwork.Theywillalsogivemeinsightsintothescientificprocessandtheimportanceofcuriosityandperseverance.解析：答案应包含三个具体且相关的问题，并说明提问目的，字数约120字。）9.Writeashortparagraph(about100words)describinghowyouwouldusesciencetoimproveyourdailylife.（参考答案：Iwouldusesciencetoimprovemydailylifebyapplyingsmallexperimentsandobservations.Forex