2025-2026学年吉林省友好学校协作体高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2025-2026学年吉林省友好学校协作体高一（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。A

Thisiswhereyoucanexploreunknownandthemostinterestingfactsaboutourlivingplanet，theuniverse，andpeople'slifestyles.Herearesometopunmissablefestivalsfromaroundtheworld.

RioCarnival，Brazil

Itisafive-dayfestivalwhichtakesplacefortydaysbeforeEaster.RiodeJaneirohasearneditstitleastheCarnivalcapitaloftheworldwithitsfamoussambadancing，colourfuleye-catchingclothesandlivemusic.

HoliFestival，India

HoliisaHinduspringfestival，alsoknownasthe"festivalofcolours".Itisasignofthevictoryofgoodoverevil，theendofwinter，andthearrivalofspring.Startingwithanighttimebonfirewherepeoplegather，singanddance，Holiiscelebratedthenextdaybypeoplethrowingcolouredpowderandwaterateachother.

St.Patrick'sDay，Ireland

HeldonMarch17everyyear，itisacelebrationtomarkthedeathofIreland'spatronsaint（守护神）SaintPatrick.Since1996，anentirefestivalofparades，fireworksaswellasfoodanddrinkshassurroundedthecelebration.Enjoytraditionalsongsanddances，watchmusicalstreettheatreshowsandgetdressedinallgreenasyoucelebrateIrishheritage（遗产）andculture.

BurningManFestival，UnitedStates

Asaweek-longeventattheendofAugustintheBlackRockDesertofNevada，itattractstensofthousandsofpeoplefromallovertheworldeachyear.TicketstoBurningManarenotcheap.Butonceyou'rethere，youwillsurelyhaveanunforgettableexperience.Themaineventisburningalargewoodenstatue（雕像）onSaturdaynight，followedbyabigdancepartythatlastsallnightlong.1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTpresentedonSt.Patrick'sDay？______A.Traditionalsongsanddances. B.Streettheatreperformances.

C.Traditionalartshows. D.Greenclothes.2.Whichfestivallaststhelongestincelebration？______A.RioCarnival. B.HoliFestival.

C.St.Patrick'sDay. D.BurningManFestival.3.Whatdothefestivalshaveincommon？______A.Thereisnoneedtobuytickets.

B.Peoplearealldressedintraditionalclothes.

C.Danceisacommonwaytocelebrate.

D.Theycentreonspecificreligiouscustoms.B

In2025，LiuJiakun，aworld-famousarchitect（建筑师），wasawardedthePritzkerArchitecturePrize，thehighesthonorinthefieldofarchitecture，becomingthesecondChinesetowinsuchrecognition.

Liu'sroadtoarchitecturewasnotsmooth.Hegrewupinafamilyofdoctors，buthewasalwaysinterestedinart.Hespenthischildhooddrawingandreading，whichlaidasolidfoundationforhislatercareer.Beforeenteringcollegein1978，hehadworkedasan"educatedyouth"inthecountrysideforfiveyears.Thisperiodoftoughworkandcloseobservationoffarmers'lifegavehimadeepunderstandingoftheneedsofordinarypeople.Helearnedtoseebeautyinsimplicityandtovaluetheconnectionbetweenhumansandtheenvironment—lessonsthatwouldbecomethecoreofhisbuildingidea.

Liu'sworksarefamousforcombiningtraditionwithmodernityandrespectingthelocalenvironment.Headvocatesthe"low-techstrategy"，usinglocalandcheapmaterialstocreatecomfortableandpracticalspaces.Herecyclesmaterialsfromearthquakeruinstomake"recycledbricks"，whichareusedinmanyreconstructionprojects.Hiswell-knownworksincludeWestVillageCourtyardandLuyeGardenStoneCarvingArtMuseum，whichshowhisloveforhishometownandcareforpeople.

Liu'sloveforcreationandcareforpeoplefinallymadehimstandoutintheworld.Asheputit，architectureshouldshowtheinnerbeautyofaplaceandconnectpeoplewiththeirhomes.Hisworksnotonlybringcomforttopeople'slife，butalsopassonChineseculturetotheworld."Myeducationwasnotjustaboutdrawingblueprints，"Liurecalledinaninterview."ItwasaboutlearninghowtousearchitecturetotellthestoriesofthepeopleIgrewupwith."4.WhatcanwelearnaboutLiufromthefirsttwoparagraphs？______A.Helongedtobeadoctor. B.Hewasgoodatobserving.

C.Hedroppedoutofuniversity. D.HewasthefirstPritzkerwinner.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout？______A.Liu'syouthandeducationbackground.

B.Liu'sconcernabouttheenvironment.

C.Liu'smethodofcollectingmaterials.

D.Liu'sbuildingideaandtypicalworks.6.WhatdoesLiuthinkarchitectsshoulddo？______A.Telltheirownstories. B.Connectpeoplewithplaces.

C.Followgoodexamplestotally. D.Drawbeautifulblueprintsonly.7.WhatdoestheLiu'sexperienceshow？______A.Lifeshapesdesign. B.Attitudeiseverything.

C.Easiersaidthandone. D.Nevertoooldtolearn.C

Thethingaboutspaceisthatit'shuge.IttookthreedaysforApollo（阿波罗号）togettothemoon.IttakesbetweenfivemonthsandayeartogettoMarsandaroundfiveyearstogettoJupiter.Ofcourse，that'sstillinourneighborhood.TheneareststaroutsidetheSolarSystemisProximaCentauri（比邻星），whichwouldtaketheVoyagerspacecraft80，000yearstogetto.

We'renotreallybuiltforspacetravel.Wedon'tliveverylong，relativelyspeaking.Ourbodyneedsgravity.Weneedoxygen，warmth，waterandfood，butspacedoesn'thaveanyofthese.Inotherwords，spaceexplorationisanincrediblydangerousventure.

WhenIwasakid，exploringspacewasabigdeal.ThelastApollomissiontothemoonwasin1972，butIwastooyoungtoknowanythingaboutit.ThefirstspacemissionIactuallyrememberwasVikingII，whichlandedonMars.Honestly，Iwasexpectingittofindalienlife.Notintelligentlife，maybe，butlife.BackthenIthoughtthatwewerenotaloneintheuniverse.Itwasonlyamatteroftimebeforewe'dpickupradiosignalsfromanaliencivilization.AndwhentheSpaceShuttleprogramwasfirstannounced，Iwassurethathumansweregoingtoexploretheuniverse，meetaliens，liveonotherworlds，andhaveadventures.Anditwasallgoingtohappeninmylifetime.Ofcourse，notallmyimaginationhashappened.Butweneedtogoonexploring.Exploration，knowledge，wonder，imagination—thesearethebestofwhatitmeanstobehuman.

OnJanuary28，1986，IsatinthecafeteriaofmyCatholicMemorialHighSchoolandwatchedtheSpaceShuttleChallengertakeoff.TheteachersatmyschoolhadsetupTVssothatwecouldgetinspired.Instead，weallwatchedinhorrorasthespaceshuttleblewupagainandagainandagain.Sevenastronautsdied.However，noonethoughtthatweshouldgiveuptheSpaceShuttleprogram.Ifanything，wewantedmore.Westilldo.8.Thefirsttwoparagraphsmainlytalkabout______.A.thedifficultiesofspacetravel

B.themaincharacteristicsofspace

C.thelimitationsofthehumanbody

D.thelocationofEarthintheuniverse9.Accordingtothearticle，whatdidtheauthorexpectspaceexplorationtoproducewhenhewasakid？

①evidenceofalienlife②adventuresinouterspace

③knowledgeabouttheoriginoflife④communicationwithaliencivilization______A.①②③ B.①②④ C.①③④ D.②③④10.Accordingtotheauthor，whydoweneedtocontinuespaceexploration？______A.Becauseitinvolvesthebestthingsthatmakeushuman.

B.Becauseitisaworthwhileinvestmentwithhugeprofits.

C.Becausewe'restillintheprimarystageoflearningaboutspace.

D.Becausenomajorprogresshasbeenmadeinspaceexplorationfordecades.11.Whatmessagedoestheauthorintendtoconveythroughthelastparagraph？______A.Mankind'sjourneytospaceisalongone.

B.Weneedtoencouragemorestudentstoexploreouterspace.

C.Nodifficultiesshouldstopusfromexploringtheuniverse.

D.Moreeffortsshouldbemadetoensurethesafetyofastronauts.D

Thenexttimeyoufindyourselfinacar，drivingalongawindingroad，youcanturnonacheerfulsong.Itmighthelpyourecoverfromcarsickness.AteamofresearchersledbyneuroscientistYilunLiatChina'sHenanInstituteofScienceandTechnologyhasfoundmusicmaybeasurprisinglyeffectivewaytoreducetravel-relateddiscomfort.

Intheexperiments，30volunteersusedamachinethatimitated（模仿）cardriving，inwhichtheyweremadetofeelcarsickwhilewearinganelectroencephalograph（EEG）device.Thisallowedresearchersto"read"thevolunteers'brainactivityinrealtime，asitchangedfromastablestatetooneofcarsickness，andgraduallybackagain.Volunteersweredividedintosixgroups.Fourgroupslistenedtoaminuteofmusicafterthesick-makingdrive；onegrouplistenedtonomusicafterthedrive，andinsteadspendoneminutemeditating（冥想），thatis，stayingcalmandfocusingontheirbreathing；andonegroupendedthedriverightbeforevolunteerswereexpectedtofeeldiscomfort.

Theresearchersfoundthatjoyfulmusicreducedsymptomsofcarsicknessby14%comparedtothegroupthatmeditated.Softmusicwasthenextbesttype.Itreducedsymptomsby13.4%comparedtothemeditationcontrols.It'sdifficulttoconfirmhowsignificantthesechangesare，astheexperimentswerecarriedoutinasmallgroupofpeoplewithlimitedsamplesize.Evenso，theresultshavefoundmusiccanbepowerful—changingthewaywefeel，forbetterorworse.

Previousstudieshavealsoshownthatafavoritemusiccanimprovemoodandmakeusfeelgood.However，it'spossiblethatinsomesituations，itcanalsohavetheoppositeeffect.Sadmusicmayworsendiscomfortthroughemotionalconnection，theauthorssuggest.Incontrast，cheerfulorrelaxingmusicmayhelpvolunteerskeepagoodphysicalstate，thusimprovingtheircomfort.12.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioningturningonacheerfulsongwhileinadrivingcar？______A.Togivepracticaladvicetodrivers.

B.Tointroducearesearchdiscovery.

C.Toexplainanewscientifictheory.

D.Toquestionanoldcommonbelief.13.Howdidtheresearchersmeasurethevolunteers'brainactivity？______A.Bytestinginamovingcar. B.Byplayingdifferentsongs.

C.Byobservingtheirbehavior. D.Byusingaspecialdevice.14.Whyisithardtoconfirmthesignificanceofthechanges？______A.Becauseoflackofdevices. B.Becauseoflimitedmusictypes.

C.Becauseofshortexperimenttime. D.Becauseoflimitedsamplesize.15.Whatisimpliedaboutmusic'seffectinthelastparagraph？______A.Music'seffectdependsonpersonaltasteinmusic.

B.Allmusichelpspeoplekeepagoodphysicalstate.

C.Notalltypesofmusiccanproducepositiveresults.

D.Musiccanmakepeoplefeelgoodandimprovepeople'smood.二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。How

to

communicate

Well

with

People

from

Other

CulturesTobuildgoodrelationshipswithpeoplefromothercultures，itisessentialtolearnhowtocommunicatewiththem.Youcanmakethingseasierbylearningabouttheircultureandpracticingtolerance.Armedwiththeknowledgeofhowtocommunicateeffectively，youcanlearnfrompeoplefromotherculturesandshareyourswiththem.

Learnabouttheculturebeforehand.

(16)

Ifyouhavetimebeforestartingatripormeetingwithsomeonefromanotherculture，trytotaketimetolearnthebasic"do'sanddon'ts"ofthatculture.YoucanfindinformationonthisfrominternetsourcessuchasthoseprovidedbytheNationalCenterforCulturalCompetence.

Expectdifferences.Differentcultureswillspeakatdifferentvolumes，bemoreorlessdirectinshowingemotion，mayormaynotexpecttoengagein"smalltalk，"andexhibitotherdissimilaritiesincommunication.

(17)

(18)

Keepyourfeetonthefloor，situpstraight，don'tuseyourarmstoomuch，andotherwisekeepyourposturemoreorlessconservative（保守的）.

(19)

Forexample，showingyourfootinsomeculturesisseenasagesturethatshowsalackofrespect，soyouwouldnotwanttocrossyourlegsinawaythatyoursolesticksout.Ifitbecomesclearthatalessformalpostureisacceptable，youcanfollowsuit.

Speakclearlyandslowly，ifnecessary.Avoidshoutingunnecessarilyortreatothersasthoughtheydonotunderstand.Raisingyourvoicewon'tmakeyourselfeasilyunderstood.

(20)

Soevenwithcommunicationdifficulties，don'traiseyourvoiceimproperly.

A.DoastheRomansdo.

B.Keepaformalbodylanguage.

C.Alittleknowledgecangoalongway.

D.Instead，itcanbeseenasill-manneredsometimes.

E.It'sbettertoignoresmallculturaldifferencestoavoidoverthinking.

F.Thisisbecausecertainbodylanguagecanbeseenasimpolitetoothers.

G.Whencommunicatingacrosscultures，bepreparedforsuchdifferences—evenunexpectedones.16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。

HunterShamattlosthiswalletwhilehewasonaflightfromOmahatoDenverearlierthismonth.Uponrealizingthathiswalletwaslost，he

(21)

theairlinetoseeifanyonehadturneditin—butfruitlessly.

(22)

thewalletcontainedhisID，asignedpaycheck（工资单），60incash，etc，hefearedtheworst.

Twodaysaftertheflight，however，Hunterwas

(23)

toreceiveapackageinthemailfromanunnamedsender.Insidewashiswallet—

(24)

anadditional40incash."Iroundedyourcashuptoaneven100soyoucouldcelebratethe

(25)

ofyourwallet，"readaletterthatwasenclosedwiththepackage.

Hunter'smother，Jeannie，postedaphotoofthe

(26)

tosocialmediainhopesthattheycouldtrackdownthesender.Alltheyhadtogoonwasthattheletterwas

(27)

fromAppliedUnderwritersinOmahaandthesender'sinitialsweresigned"T.B".Finally，thekindandgeneroussenderwas

(28)

asToddBrown，whowasdelightedto"havealittlefun"withhelpingoutahard-workingstranger.

"Isawhewasjust20yearsold.Hehadapaycheckinthere，andhewas

(29)

tosupporthimself，"saidBrown."Hunterwasvery

(30)

.Hetoldmehehadsomestudentloanstopaywithintwodayssomy

(31)

wasintime，"Brownadded，"He

(32)

itwasgoneforever.Sowhenheopenedit，helookedsoshockedandthrilled."

Brownsaysthatheoftentriestodogoodthingswithoutanyrecognition；that'swhyhedidn'tsignhis

(33)

ontheletter，butJeannielaterinsistedon

(34)

himonsocialmedia.JeanniewroteonFacebook，"Thisstoryismoreaboutrebuilding

(35)

inpeoplethananything."21.A.ordered B.observed C.checked D.contacted22.A.Though B.Since C.While D.Unless23.A.amused B.anxious C.shocked D.upset24.A.alongwith B.apartfrom C.exceptfor D.insteadof25.A.search B.completeness C.return D.value26.A.mail B.wallet C.letter D.package27.A.sent B.accepted C.taken D.collected28.A.viewed B.identified C.considered D.introduced29.A.agreeing B.volunteering C.struggling D.deciding30.A.generous B.grateful C.thoughtful D.considerate31.A.action B.advice C.proposal D.exchange32.A.remembered B.admitted C.imagined D.thought33.A.address B.fullname C.initials D.phonenumber34.A.praising B.questioning C.disturbing D.surprising35.A.ambition B.patience C.strength D.trust四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。36.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

TheSilkRoad，（1）

ancienttraderoute，connectedtheEastandtheWest.Itwasnotonlyapathforgoodsbutalsoabridge（2）

culturalexchange.Alongthisroad，peoplefromdifferentregionssharedtheirtraditions，arts，andbeliefs，whichledtothe（3）

（diverse）ofcultures.

ManymerchantstraveledalongtheSilkRoad（4）

（seek）newbusinessopportunities.Theycarriedsilk，spices，andothervaluableitems，（5）

（hope）tomakeprofits.Someofthemevensettledinforeignlands，and（6）

（they）storiesbecamepartofthelocalhistory.Theyknewtheirefforts（7）

（create）abetterconnectionbetweendifferentcountriesforfuturegenerations.

（8）

（religion）ideasalsospreadalongtheroad.Buddhistmonks（僧人）andmissionarieswalkedthousandsofmilestospreadtheirfaith.Theybuilttemplesandmonasteries（寺院），（9）

becameimportantcentersforlearning.

Inancienttimes，（10）

itwassometimesdangeroustotraveltherouteduetowarsandnaturaldisasters，peopleworkedhardtomaintainthisroute.Andtoday，thespiritoftheSilkRoadliveson.Itremindsusthattheworldisconnected，andculturalexchangeisthekeytoprogress.五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。37.假设你是李华，你作为交换生正在英国学习。你所在城市的博物馆正在展出来自中国的文物，现面向社会招聘懂一定中国文化的志愿者担任讲解员，为参观者介绍文物背后的中国历史与文化。请你给博物馆负责人William写一封信，申请成为该展览的讲解员志愿者。内容要点如下：

1.表达申请意愿；

2.阐述自身优势；

3.恳请对方考虑，表达期待回复的心情。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3.文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、真实姓名等。

参考词汇：文物cultural

relics

展览

exhibition

讲解员志愿者

volunteer

interpreter

Dear

William，

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，Li

Hua38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I

served

as

a

volunteer

for

an

organization

earlier

this

year，one

devoted

to

supporting

children

battling

cancer

（癌症）.One

particular

day，Lisa-my

fellow

volunteer-and

I

were

appointed

to

raise

funds

for

cancer

research

at

a

public

event.Though

many

people

paused

to

glance

at

our

poster

or

ask

a

few

questions，very

few

actually

donated.As

the

minutes

dragged

on，both

Lisa

and

I

grew

increasingly

upset.

About

half

an

hour

later，Lisa

sighed

（叹气）

in

frustration，

"I

don't

think

we're

going

to

raise

much

today."

I

tried

to

sound

optimistic，

"The

event

isn't

over

yet

—

we

still

have

time，"

though

deep

down，I

shared

her

doubts.

Just

as

we

were

losing

hope，a

little

boy，no

more

than

eight

years

old，approached

slowly.Stopping

in

front

of

our

poster，he

frowned

slightly，carefully

reading

the

words.After

a

moment

of

quiet

concentration，he

looked

up

with

large，curious

eyes

and

asked

softly，

"What

is

cancer？"

I

knelt

down

to

his

level

and

did

my

best

to

explain

it

in

simple

words，describing

how

the

illness

affects

people

and

why

we

need

more

research

to

help

them.With

his

expression

growing

more

serious

with

each

word，he

asked，

"Do

children

get

cancer

too？"

"Yes，"

Lisa

replied

gently

with

sadness.

"Many

children

do.Some

of

them

don't

get

better.They

really

need

someone

to

help."

Hearing

this，his

shoulders

dropped

slightly，and

a

shadow

of

sadness

crossed

his

young

face.After

a

brief

silence，he

asked

in

a

small

voice，

"How

much

money

have

you

collected

so

far？"

Lisa

and

I

exchanged

an

uneasy

glance，both

feeling

embarrassed

about

revealing

（透露）

how

little

we

had

raised.Finally，I

murmured，

"Not

very

much."

The

boy

looked

into

our

donation

box，his

eyes

taking

in

the

one-and

five-dollar

bills.Turning

quietly，he

walked

away

and

disappeared

into

the

crowd.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150词左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph

1：

Neither

of

us

expected

to

see

that

little

boy

again.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph

2：

Watching

the

boy

walk

away，Lisa

and

I

were

deeply

touched.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、D、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据St.Patrick'sDay，Ireland部分中Enjoytraditionalsongsanddances，watchmusicalstreettheatreshowsandgetdressedinallgreenasyoucelebrateIrishheritageandculture.（欣赏传统歌曲和舞蹈，观看音乐街剧院表演，并在庆祝爱尔兰遗产和文化时穿着绿色的衣服。）可知，在圣帕特里克节有传统歌舞、街头音乐剧表演以及身着绿色服装等活动，并未提到传统艺术展览。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中RioCarnival，Brazil中Itisafive-dayfestivalwhichtakesplacefortydaysbeforeEaster.（这是一个为期五天的节日，在复活节前四十天举行。）可知，RioCarnival是为期五天的节日；根据第三段中Startingwithanighttimebonfirewherepeoplegather，singanddance，Holiiscelebratedthenextdaybypeoplethrowingcolouredpowderandwaterateachother.（从夜间篝火晚会开始，人们聚集，唱歌和跳舞，第二天人们会通过互相扔彩色粉末和水来庆祝洒红节。）可知，HoliFestival从夜间篝火开始到第二天人们互相投掷彩粉和水庆祝；根据第四段中HeldonMarch17everyyear，itisacelebrationtomarkthedeathofIreland'spatronsaintSaintPatrick.（每年3月17日举行，这是一个庆祝活动，以纪念爱尔兰守护神圣帕特里克的死亡）可知，St.Patrick'sDay是在每年3月17日当天庆祝；根据第五段中Asaweek-longeventattheendofAugustintheBlackRockDesertofNevada，itattractstensofthousandsofpeoplefromallovertheworldeachyear.（作为8月底在内华达州黑石沙漠的为期一周的活动，它每年都吸引成千上万的人）可知，BurningManFestival是为期一周的活动。对比可知，庆祝时间最长的是BurningManFestival。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据RioCarnival，Brazil部分中RiodeJaneirohasearneditstitleastheCarnivalcapitaloftheworldwithitsfamoussambadancing，colourfuleye-catchingclothesandlivemusic.（里约热内卢凭借其著名的桑巴舞、色彩缤纷的醒目服装和现场音乐，赢得了"世界狂欢节之都"的称号。），HoliFestival，India部分中的Startingwithanighttimebonfirewherepeoplegather，singanddance，Holiiscelebratedthenextdaybypeoplethrowingcolouredpowderandwaterateachother.（从夜间篝火晚会开始，人们聚集，唱歌和跳舞，第二天人们会通过互相扔彩色粉末和水来庆祝洒红节。），St.Patrick'sDay，Ireland部分中Enjoytraditionalsongsanddances，watchmusicalstreettheatreshowsandgetdressedinallgreenasyoucelebrateIrishheritageandculture.（欣赏传统歌曲和舞蹈，观看音乐街剧院表演，并在庆祝爱尔兰遗产和文化时穿着绿色的衣服。）以及BurningManFestival，UnitedStates部分中的Themaineventisburningalargewoodenstatue（雕像）onSaturdaynight，followedbyabigdancepartythatlastsallnightlong.（主要活动是在星期六晚上燃烧一个大型木制雕像，然后举行一次大型舞会，持续一整夜）可知，这几个节日共同之处在于跳舞都是庆祝的常见方式。故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了来自世界各地的几个不容错过的顶级节日，并分别阐述了各节日的相关情况、庆祝方式及特色等内容。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4~7.【答案】B、D、B、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Thisperiodoftoughworkandcloseobservationoffarmers'lifegavehimadeepunderstandingoftheneedsofordinarypeople.（这段艰苦的劳动以及对农民生活的细致观察，让他深刻理解了普通人的需求。）可知，刘家琨善于观察。故选B。

（2）段落大意题。根据第三段Liu'sworksarefamousforcombiningtraditionwithmodernityandrespectingthelocalenvironment.Headvocatesthe"low-techstrategy"，usinglocalandcheapmaterialstocreatecomfortableandpracticalspaces.（刘家琨的作品以融合传统与现代、尊重当地环境而闻名。他倡导"低技术策略"，利用当地廉价的材料打造舒适实用的空间。）以及Hiswell-knownworksincludeWestVillageCourtyardandLuyeGardenStoneCarvingArtMuseum，whichshowhisloveforhishometownandcareforpeople.（他的知名作品包括西村庭院和鹿野园石雕艺术博物馆，这些作品展现了他对家乡的热爱与对民众的关怀。）可知，本段主要介绍刘家琨的建筑理念和代表作品。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Asheputit，architectureshouldshowtheinnerbeautyofaplaceandconnectpeoplewiththeirhomes.（正如他所说，建筑应展现一个地方的内在美，并将人与家园联系起来。）可知，刘家琨认为建筑师应将人与地方联系起来。故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据第二段Thisperiodoftoughworkandcloseobservationoffarmers'lifegavehimadeepunderstandingoftheneedsofordinarypeople.Helearnedtoseebeautyinsimplicityandtovaluetheconnectionbetweenhumansandtheenvironment—lessonsthatwouldbecomethecoreofhisbuildingidea.（这段艰苦的劳动和对农民生活的细致观察让他深刻理解普通人的需求。他学会在简约中发现美，重视人与环境的联系--这些经验成为他建筑理念的核心。）可知，生活经历塑造了他的设计思想，体现了"生活塑造设计"。故选A。

本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍2025年普利兹克建筑奖得主刘家琨的成长经历、建筑理念与代表作品，及其对建筑的理解。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。8~11.【答案】A、B、A、C【解析】（1）段落大意题。根据第一段Thethingaboutspaceisthatit'shuge.IttookthreedaysforApollo（阿波罗号）togettothemoon.IttakesbetweenfivemonthsandayeartogettoMarsandaroundfiveyearstogettoJupiter.（太空的特点是它太浩瀚了。阿波罗号花了三天时间才到达月球。到达火星需要五个月到一年，到达木星则需要大约五年。）及第二段We'renotreallybuiltforspacetravel.Wedon'tliveverylong，relativelyspeaking.Ourbodyneedsgravity.Weneedoxygen，warmth，waterandfood，butspacedoesn'thaveanyofthese.Inotherwords，spaceexplorationisanincrediblydangerousventure.（我们在生理上其实并不适合太空旅行。相对而言，我们的寿命很短。我们的身体需要重力，需要氧气、温暖、水和食物，但太空里这些一样都没有。换言之，太空探索是一项极度危险的冒险。）可知，前两段分别从宇宙尺度的距离障碍和人类生理条件的先天不足两个方面，详细阐述了太空旅行面临的艰巨困难。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Notintelligentlife，maybe，butlife.BackthenIthoughtthatwewerenotaloneintheuniverse.Itwasonlyamatteroftimebeforewe'dpickupradiosignalsfromanaliencivilization.AndwhentheSpaceShuttleprogramwasfirstannounced，Iwassurethathumansweregoingtoexploretheuniverse，meetaliens，liveonotherworlds，andhaveadventures.（也许不是智慧生命，但至少是生命。那时我认为我们在宇宙中并不孤单。我们接收到来自外星文明的无线电信号只是时间问题。当航天飞机计划首次宣布时，我确信人类将要探索宇宙、遇见外星人、移居其他星球并展开冒险。）可知，作者童年时期期待太空探索能带来外星生命存在的证据、与外星文明的交流以及在外太空的冒险经历，文中并未提及关于生命起源的知识。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Exploration，knowledge，wonder，imagination—thesearethebestofwhatitmeanstobehuman.（探索、求知、惊叹、想象——这些正是作为人类最宝贵的特质。）可知，作者认为我们必须继续太空探索，是因为这一过程集中体现了人性中最美好、最核心的品质，而非单纯为了经济利益、填补认知空白或弥补进度滞后。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段OnJanuary28，1986，IsatinthecafeteriaofmyCatholicMemorialHighSchoolandwatchedtheSpaceShuttleChallengertakeoff.（1986年1月28日，我坐在天主教纪念高中的食堂里，观看挑战者号航天飞机发射。）、Sevenastronautsdied.However，noonethoughtthatweshouldgiveuptheSpaceShuttleprogram.（七名宇航员遇难。然而，没有人认为我们应该放弃航天飞机计划。）可知，作者通过叙述挑战者号悲剧及其后的社会反响，意在传达：任何灾难和困难都不应成为人类停止探索宇宙的借口，探索的脚步必须继续前行。故选C。

本文主要介绍了太空探索面临着星际距离遥远与人类生理局限的双重严峻挑战，作者结合童年对外星生命的憧憬与挑战者号事故的深刻回忆，强调了对未知的探索欲、想象力与坚韧意志才是人性的光辉所在，人类绝不应因此停止迈向宇宙的步伐。

做阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性地找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。12~15.【答案】B、D、D、C【解析】（1）推理判断题。由首段Thenexttimeyoufindyourselfinacar，drivingalongawindingroad，youcanturnonacheerfulsong.Itmighthelpyourecoverfromcarsickness.AteamofresearchersledbyneuroscientistYilunLiatChina'sHenanInstituteofScienceandTechnologyhasfoundmusicmaybeasurprisinglyeffectivewaytoreducetravel-relateddiscomfort.（下次当你坐在车里，行驶在蜿蜒曲折的道路上时，可以播放一首欢快的歌曲。它或许可以帮你缓解晕车。由中国河南科技学院的神经科学家YilunLi带领的一组研究人员发现，音乐可能是一种出奇有效的缓解旅途不适的方法。）可知，作者提及在行驶的汽车里播放欢快的歌曲，是为了引出随后关于音乐缓解晕车症状的研究发现。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。由第二段Intheexperiments，30volunteersusedamachinethatimitated（模仿）cardriving，inwhichtheyweremadetofeelcarsickwhilewearinganelectroencephalograph（EEG）device.Thisallowedresearchersto"read"thevolunteers'brainactivityinrealtime，asitchangedfromastablestatetooneofcarsickness，andgraduallybackagain.（在实验中，30名志愿者使用一台模拟汽车行驶的仪器，他们佩戴脑电图（EEG）设备，在实验过程中产生晕车的感觉。这使得研究人员能够实时"读取"志愿者的大脑活动，观察大脑从稳定状态转变为晕车状态，再逐步恢复的全过程。）可知，研究人员是通过让志愿者佩戴脑电图这一特殊设备来测量其大脑活动的。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。由第三段It'sdifficulttoconfirmhow