2025-2026年高中英语阅读理解能力测试卷

2025-2026年高中英语阅读理解能力测试卷一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.Inthepassage"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"theauthorprimarilyemployswhichliterarydevicetoexplainhowtreescommunicatewitheachother?A)MetaphorB)PersonificationC)HyperboleD)Alliteration.ThecorrectanswerisB)Personification.Thepassagedescribestreesassending"chemicalsignals"and"talking"toeachother,attributinghuman-likebehaviorstonon-humanentities,whichisaclearexampleofpersonification.Metaphor(A)involvesdirectcomparisonwithout"like"or"as,"hyperbole(C)usesexaggerationforeffect,andalliteration(D)repeatsconsonantsounds,noneofwhicharethemaintechniquehighlightedinthetext.2.Accordingto"TheGreatGatsby,"whatdoesthegreenlightsymbolizeinthefinalscene?A)WealthB)HopeC)RevengeD)Love.ThecorrectanswerisB)Hope.Inthenovel,thegreenlightattheendofDaisy'sdockrepresentsGatsby'sunattainabledreamsandhispersistenthopeforabetterfuturewithDaisy,despitetheobstacles.Wealth(A)issymbolizedbyGatsby'slavishparties,revenge(C)isnotacentraltheme,andlove(D)iscomplexbutnottheprimarymeaningofthelight.3.In"Macbeth,"howdoesShakespeareuseforeshadowingtohintatMacbeth'sdownfall?A)BydescribinghissupernaturalvisionsB)Byrevealinghiswife'sbetrayalC)ByshowinghisfinancialruinD)Bydepictinghisisolation.ThecorrectanswerisA)Bydescribinghissupernaturalvisions.Theplayincludesomenslikethefloatingdaggerandthewitches'prophecies,whichforeshadowMacbeth'sguiltandeventualdemise.Hiswife'sbetrayal(B)occursbutisnotaforeshadowingdevice,financialruin(C)isnotamajortheme,andisolation(D)developsbutisnottheprimaryforeshadowingtechnique.4.In"ToKillaMockingbird,"whatisthesignificanceofthemockingbirdasasymbol?A)ItrepresentsracismB)ItsymbolizesinnocenceC)ItstandsforeconomichardshipD)Itrepresentsmoralcorruption.ThecorrectanswerisB)Itsymbolizesinnocence.Thetitleitselfsuggeststhatharmingamockingbirdisunjust,astheydonoharmbutsingbeautifully.ThisalignswithcharacterslikeTomRobinsonandBooRadley,whoareinnocentbutsufferunfairly.Racism(A)isamajorthemebutnotthesymbol'sprimarymeaning,economichardship(C)ispresentbutnotsymbolizedbybirds,andmoralcorruption(D)isaddressedbutnotthroughthissymbol.5.In"1984,"howdoesOrwellcritiquetotalitarianismthroughthecharacterofWinstonSmith?A)ByshowinghisrebellionB)BydepictinghisconformityC)ByhighlightinghisignoranceD)Byillustratinghislaziness.ThecorrectanswerisA)Byshowinghisrebellion.Winston'sdiary-keeping,hisaffairwithJulia,andhiseventualtortureintheMinistryofLovedemonstratehisresistancetoBigBrother'scontrol.Conformity(B)istheoppositeofhisactions,ignorance(C)isnothisdefiningtrait,andlaziness(D)isnotasignificantcharacteristic.6.In"TheCatcherintheRye,"whatisthesignificanceofHoldenCaulfield'sredhuntinghat?A)ItrepresentshiswealthB)ItsymbolizeshisuniquenessC)ItstandsforhisdepressionD)Itrepresentshismasculinity.ThecorrectanswerisB)Itsymbolizeshisuniqueness.Holdenwearsthehattostandoutandexpresshisindividuality,contrastingwiththeconformistsocietyhecritiques.Itdoesnotrepresentwealth(A),depression(C),ormasculinity(D),butratherhisnon-conformistidentity.7.In"RomeoandJuliet,"whatistheroleoftheNurseintheplay?A)SheistheantagonistB)SheisthenarratorC)SheservesasaconfidanteandmediatorD)Sheistheplay'sprotagonist.ThecorrectanswerisC)Sheservesasaconfidanteandmediator.TheNursehelpsRomeoandJulietcommunicate,supportsJulietinhermarriagetoRomeo,andprovidespracticaladvice,makingheracrucialintermediary.Sheisnottheantagonist(A),narrator(B),orprotagonist(D).8.In"TheOdyssey,"whatisthesignificanceofthecyclopsPolyphemus?A)HerepresentsdivinepowerB)HesymbolizeshumanweaknessC)HeservesasatestofOdysseus'sclevernessD)Hestandsforsocietalnorms.ThecorrectanswerisC)HeservesasatestofOdysseus'scleverness.Odysseus'sescapefromPolyphemusdemonstrateshiswitandresourcefulness,contrastingwithhisbrutestrength.Polyphemusdoesnotrepresentdivinepower(A),humanweakness(B),orsocietalnorms(D),butratherthechallengeOdysseusmustovercome.9.In"TheHobbit,"whatistheprimarymotivationforBilboBagginsjoiningthequest?A)ToseekadventureB)TofulfillacontractC)ToescapehisresponsibilitiesD)Togainwealth.ThecorrectanswerisC)Toescapehisresponsibilities.BilboinitiallydislikestheideaofadventurebutiscompelledtojointosavehishomefromthedragonSmaug.Whileadventure(A)becomesafactor,hismainmotivationisescapingtheunexpectedburdenthrustuponhim.Fulfillingacontract(B)isnothisinitialreason,andgainingwealth(D)isnothisprimarygoal.10.In"Fahrenheit451,"howdoesthecharacterofClarisseMcClellanchallengeGuyMontag'sworldview?A)BycriticizinghisjobB)ByintroducinghimtoliteratureC)ByshowinghimthebeautyofnatureD)Byexposinghimtopoliticaldissent.ThecorrectanswerisB)Byintroducinghimtoliterature.Clarisse'scuriosityandquestionsaboutlifebeyondthenormsparkMontag'sinterestinbooksandcriticalthinking,ultimatelyleadinghimtoquestionhissociety.Criticizinghisjob(A)ispartofherapproachbutnotthemaineffect,nature(C)isasecondaryinfluence,andpoliticaldissent(D)isnotherprimaryfocus.二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）1.In"TheGreatGatsby,"thecharacterofDaisyBuchananisoftendescribedas_______and_______inherbehaviortowardGatsby.Thecorrectanswerismaterialisticandsuperficial.Daisyvalueswealthandstatusovergenuineemotion,asseeninherdecisiontostaywithTomdespiteGatsby'sloveforher.Herinteractionsrevealherfocusonluxuryandsocialstandingratherthandepthoffeeling.2.Accordingto"Macbeth,"thewitches'propheciesaredeliveredinalanguagethatis_______and_______tothecharacters,creatingasenseofunease.Thecorrectanswerisambiguousandunsettling.Thewitches'riddlesandcrypticstatements,suchas"Fairisfoul,andfoulisfair,"aredeliberatelyunclear,leavingMacbethandotherstomisinterpretthefuture.Thisambiguityfuelstheirparanoiaandleadstotragicconsequences.3.In"ToKillaMockingbird,"thecharacterofBooRadleyisinitiallyfearedbythechildrenbutisultimatelyrevealedtobe_______and_______inhisactionstowardthem.Thecorrectansweriskindandprotective.BooRadley'shiddenactsofkindness,suchasmendingJem'spantsandleavinggifts,demonstratehisgentlenature.HisprotectionofScoutandJemfromBobEwellfurtherrevealshisunderlyinggoodness,challengingthechildren'sinitialfear.4.In"1984,"theconceptof"doublethink"referstotheabilityto_______and_______contradictoryideassimultaneously.Thecorrectanswerisholdandbelieve.Doublethinkisakeymechanismoftotalitariancontrol,asseeninO'Brien'sexplanationtoWinston.Itrequiresindividualstoacceptopposingtruths,suchasthat2+2=5,tomaintaintheParty'sideology.Thismentalflexibilityisessentialforenforcingconformity.5.In"TheCatcherintheRye,"HoldenCaulfield'suseofthephrase"phony"reflectshis_______towardtheadultworld.Thecorrectanswerisdisdainandfrustration.Holdenfrequentlylabelspeopleandsituationsas"phony"becausetheylackauthenticityandsincerity,ashevaluesgenuinenessaboveall.Hisfrustrationwiththeworld'shypocrisydrivesmuchofhisnarrativeandemotionalturmoil.6.In"RomeoandJuliet,"theplay'sopeningscenesetsthestagefortheconflictbydepictinga_______betweentheMontaguesandCapulets.Thecorrectanswerisfeud.Theservants'fightinthestreetintroducesthelongstandingfamilyrivalrythatdrivestheplay'stragicevents.ThisfeudcreatesthetensionandcircumstancesthatleadtoRomeoandJuliet'sdownfall.7.In"TheOdyssey,"Odysseus'sjourneyhomefromTroyisdelayedbynumerous_______and_______.Thecorrectanswerisobstaclesandtrials.OdysseusfaceschallengesliketheCyclops,Circe,andtheSirens,eachtestinghiswitandresilience.Thesetrialsareessentialtohischaracterdevelopmentandtheplay'snarrative,showcasinghisenduranceandcleverness.8.In"TheHobbit,"Bilbo'sinitialreluctancetojointhequeststemsfromhisdesireto_______and_______.Thecorrectanswerisremaincomfortableandavoidadventure.Bilboisacomfortable,home-boundhobbitwhodislikestheideaofleavinghiscozylife.Hisinitialresistancehighlightshisaversiontochangeandrisk,contrastingwiththeadventuresthatfollow.9.In"Fahrenheit451,"thecharacterofGuyMontagevolvesfroma_______toa_______asthestoryprogresses.Thecorrectanswerisconformisttorebel.Montagstartsasaloyalfiremanwhoburnsbookswithoutquestionbutgraduallybecomesdisillusioned.HisencounterwithClarisseandhisdiscoveryofliteraturetransformhimintoacriticofhissociety,ultimatelyseekingtoresistitscontrol.10.In"TheGreatGatsby,"thegreenlightattheendofDaisy'sdocksymbolizesGatsby's_______forthepastandhisinabilityto_______.Thecorrectanswerislongingandachieve.ThegreenlightrepresentsGatsby'sunattainabledreamsandhispersistenthopeforareunionwithDaisy.Hisinabilitytobridgethegapbetweenhispastdesiresandpresentrealityleadstohistragicend.三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.In"TheCatcherintheRye,"HoldenCaulfield'sredhuntinghatsymbolizeshislonelinessandisolationfromsociety.True.Holdenwearsthehattostandoutandexpresshisindividuality,butitalsohighlightshisalienationfromtheworld,asothersstareathimbutdonotunderstandhisnon-conformistbehavior.Thehatbecomesavisualrepresentationofhisemotionaldistance.2.Accordingto"Macbeth,"LadyMacbethistheprimarydrivingforcebehindMacbeth'smurderofKingDuncan.True.LadyMacbethmanipulatesandgoadsMacbethintocommittingthemurder,showingherstrongambitionandinfluenceoverhim.Herencouragementandlaterguiltcontributesignificantlytotheplay'stragicunfolding.Herroleiscentraltotheplot'sdevelopment.3.In"1984,"theconceptof"Newspeak"isintroducedtoeliminatethepossibilityofrebellionbysimplifyinglanguage.True.Newspeak,asdescribedbyOrwell,reducestherangeofthoughtbylimitingvocabularyandgrammar,makingithardertoexpressdissent.TheParty'sgoalistocontrollanguageand,consequently,thought,ensuringcompleteconformity.Thislinguisticcontrolisakeyaspectoftotalitarianism.4.In"TheHobbit,"BilboBagginsisinitiallyreluctanttojointhequestbecausehedislikesadventureandprefershiscomfortablelife.True.Bilbo'sinitialrefusaltoleavehisholestemsfromhisaversiontochangeandrisk.Hevaluesstabilityandcomfortovertheunknown,reflectingatypicalhobbit'smindset.Histransformationintoaheroisasignificantpartofthestory'sarc.5.In"ToKillaMockingbird,"thecharacterofAtticusFinchisastrongadvocateforracialequalityinthesegregatedSouth.True.Atticus'sdefenseofTomRobinson,aBlackmanfalselyaccusedofrapingawhitewoman,demonstrateshiscommitmenttojusticeandequality.Hisprincipledstance,despitesocietalpressure,makeshimamoralbeaconinthenovel.Hisactionsandteachingsshapethechildren'sunderstandingofrightandwrong.6.In"RomeoandJuliet,"theplay'stragicendingisprimarilycausedbythefeudbetweentheMontaguesandCapulets.True.ThefamilyrivalrycreatesthecircumstancesthatleadtoRomeoandJuliet'sdeaths,includingthefightthatforcesRomeotofleeandthemiscommunicationaboutJuliet'sfeigneddeath.Thefeudisthecentralconflictdrivingtheplay'sevents.7.In"TheOdyssey,"Odysseus'sjourneyhomeisdelayedbythecyclopsPolyphemus,whocaptureshimandplanstoeathim.True.OdysseusandhismenaretrappedinPolyphemus'scave,andOdysseususeshiswittoblindthecyclopsandescape.Thisencounterisoneofthemostfamoustrialsintheepic,showcasingOdysseus'sclevernessandresilience.Itisasignificantobstacleonhislongjourneyhome.8.In"Fahrenheit451,"thecharacterofClarisseMcClellanisasymboloftheindividual'sresistancetoconformity.True.Clarisse'scuriosity,questionsaboutlife,andnon-conformistbehaviorchallengeGuyMontag'sworldview,sparkinghisinterestinbooksandcriticalthinking.Herdisappearancelaterinthenovelunderscoresthedangersofchallengingthestatusquo.Sherepresentsthesparkofrebellion.9.In"TheGreatGatsby,"thecharacterofDaisyBuchananisasymboloftheemptinessandmoraldecayofthewealthyelite.True.Daisy'sfocusonwealth,status,andluxury,coupledwithherinfidelityandlackofgenuineemotion,highlightsthemoralbankruptcyoftheupperclass.Hercharacterembodiesthesuperficialityandhollownessofthesocietydepictedinthenovel.SheisakeyfigureinthecritiqueoftheAmericanDream.10.In"Macbeth,"thewitches'propheciesaredeliveredinalanguagethatisambiguousandunsettling,creatingasenseofunease.True.Thewitches'crypticstatements,suchas"Fairisfoul,andfoulisfair,"aredeliberatelyunclear,leavingMacbethandotherstomisinterpretthefuture.Thisambiguityfuelstheirparanoiaandleadstotragicconsequences.Thelanguageofthepropheciesisakeyelementoftheplay'ssupernaturalandpsychologicaltension.四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.In"TheCatcherintheRye,"whatisthesignificanceofHoldenCaulfield'sstatement,"What'swrongwiththeworldisthatpeopledon'tlikeeachother"?Howdoesthisreflecthisperspectiveonsociety?ThestatementhighlightsHolden'sdisillusionmentwiththeadultworld,whichheperceivesasphonyandsuperficial.Hebelievesthatpeoplelackgenuineempathyandauthenticity,leadingtoconflictandunhappiness.Holden'sperspectiveisshapedbyhisalienationandhisdesireforgenuinehumanconnection,whichhefeelsismissinginsociety.Hiscritiquereflectshisyouthandidealism,asheyearnsforaworldwherepeoplearemoresincereandkind.2.Accordingto"Macbeth,"howdoesLadyMacbeth'smentalstatedeterioratethroughouttheplay?Whatcausesherdownfall?LadyMacbeth'smentalstatedeterioratesfromstrongambitiontoguilt-riddenmadness.Initially,sheisadrivingforcebehindthemurderofKingDuncan,encouragingMacbethwithherstrengthandresolve.However,afterthemurder,shebecomesoverwhelmedbyguilt,sleepwalking,andhallucinating.Herdownfalliscausedbytheweightofheractionsandtheinabilitytocopewiththemoralconsequences.Hermentalbreakdownunderscoresthepsychologicaltollofcommittingevil.3.In"1984,"whatisthesignificanceofthephrase"WarisPeace,FreedomisSlavery,IgnoranceisStrength"?HowdoesitreflecttheParty'scontrolovertruth?Thephraseisakeyexampleofdoublethink,theParty'smechanismforcontrollingthoughtbymakingpeopleacceptcontradictoryideas.ItdemonstrateshowthePartymanipulateslanguageandrealitytomaintainitspower.Bydeclaringwaraspeace,thePartyerasestheconceptofconflict,freedomasslaveryreversesthemeaningofliberation,andignoranceasstrengthpromotesblindobedienceoverknowledge.ThisreflectstheParty'scontrolovertruthbyredefiningfundamentalconcepts.4.In"TheHobbit,"whatisthesignificanceofBilbo'sdiscoveryoftheringattheendofthequest?Howdoesitchangehim?Bilbo'sdiscoveryofthering,whichmakeshiminvisible,issignificantbecauseittransformshimfromareluctantparticipantintoahero.Thering'spowerinitiallyseemslikeasolutiontohisproblems,butitalsointroduceshimtothewiderworldofmagicanddanger.ThediscoverychangesBilbobymakinghimrealizehisownpotentialandbravery.Italsosetsthestageforthenextpartofthestory,astheringbecomescentraltothefateofMiddle-earth.5.In"ToKillaMockingbird,"whatisthesignificanceofthetitleofthenovel?Howdoesitrelatetothecharactersandthemes?Thetitlesymbolizestheharmcausedbydestroyinginnocence,asseeninthecharactersofTomRobinsonandBooRadley.Mockingbirdsareharmlesscreaturesthatsingbeautifully,representinginnocenceandgoodness.Atticustellshischildrenthatitisasintokillamockingbirdbecausetheydonothingbutmakemusicforpeople.Thetitlereflectsthenovel'sthemesofracialinjustice,moralgrowth,andthedestructionofinnocenceinaprejudicedsociety.6.In"RomeoandJuliet,"whatisthesignificanceoftheopeningscenesetinthestreetsofVerona?Howdoesitestablishtheplay'sconflict?Theopeningscenesetsthestagefortheplay'scentralconflictbydepictingafeudbetweentheMontaguesandCapulets.Theservants'fightescalatesintoviolence,introducingthetensionandhatredthatdrivethetragicevents.Itestablishesthethemeoffamilyrivalryanditsdestructiveconsequences,foreshadowingthelovestorythatwillbetornapartbythesamefeud.Thesceneimmediatelyimmersestheaudienceintheplay'sconflict.7.In"TheOdyssey,"whatisthesignificanceofOdysseus'sencounterwiththeSirens?Howdoesitdemonstratehisclevernessandresilience?Odysseus'sencounterwiththeSirensissignificantbecauseittestshisabilitytoresisttemptationandmaintaincontrol.TheSirens'songisirresistibletosailors,butOdysseususeshiswittoprotecthiscrew.Heordershismentoplugtheirearswithwaxandhashimselftiedtothemasttohearthesongwithoutsuccumbingtoitsallure.Thisdemonstrateshisclevernessinplanningandhisresilienceinenduringtemptation,showcasinghisresourcefulnessanddetermination.8.In"Fahrenheit451,"whatisthesignificanceofthecharacterofClarisseMcClellan?HowdoesshechallengeGuyMontag'sworldview?Clarisseissignificantbecausesherepresentstheindividual'sresistancetoconformity.Hercuriosity,questionsaboutlife,andnon-conformistbehaviorchallengeMontag'spassivityandacceptanceofthestatusquo.Shemakeshimquestionthesocietyhelivesinandintroduceshimtotheideaofbooksandcriticalthinking.Herdisappearancelaterinthenovelunderscoresthedangersofchallengingthestatusquo,makingheracatalystforMontag'stransformation.五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.In"TheGreatGatsby,"GatsbythrowsextravagantpartiestoattractDaisy'sattention.AnalyzehowthesepartiesreflecthispersonalityandhispursuitoftheAmericanDream.Gatsby'spartiesareasymbolofhiswealthandhisattempttoimpressDaisy,reflectinghispersonalityassomeonewhovaluesmaterialsuccessandsocialstatus.Thelavishnessoftheparties,withtheirexcessivefood,music,andguests,demonstrateshisdesiretobeseenassuccessfulanddesirable.However,thepartiesalsohighlighthislonelinessandhisinabilitytoformgenuineconnections,asheissurroundedbypeoplebutremainsisolated.HispursuitoftheAmericanDreamisevidentinhisbeliefthatwealthandstatuscanwinDaisy'slove,buthisdreamisultimatelyunattainablebecauseitisbasedonanidealizedpastratherthanreality.2.In"Macbeth,"thewitches'propheciesplayacrucialroleintheplay'sevents.AnalyzehowthepropheciesinfluenceMacbeth'sactionsandcontributetohisdownfall.Thewitches'propheciessignificantlyinfluenceMacbeth'sactionsbyplantingseedsofambitionanddoubt.TheirpredictionthathewillbecomekingleadshimtomurderKingDuncan,startingachainofeventsthatleadstohisdownfall.Thepropheciesalsocreateasenseofinevitability,makingMacbethbelieveheisfatedtobeking,whichleadshimtocommitmorecrimestosecurehisposition.Thewitches'influencedemonstrateshowmanipulationandmisdirectioncanleadevenastrongcharactertoruin,highlightingthethemeoffreewillversusdestiny.3.In"ToKillaMockingbird,"AtticusFinch'sdefenseofTomRobinsonisacentraleventinthenovel.Analyzehowthiseventchallengestheracialprejudicesofthetimeandshapesthechildren'sunderstandingofjustice.Atticus'sdefenseofTomRobinsonchallengesracialprejudicesbypresentingacompellingcaseforhisinnocencedespitetheoverwhelmingevidenceagainsthim.Hisprincipledstance,despitethesocietalpressureandthreats,demonstratestheimportanceofjusticeandequality.Thechildren,particularlyScoutandJem,learnfromAtticus'sactionsthatjusticeisnotalwaysservedfairly,especiallyformarginalizedgroups.Thiseventshapestheirunderstandingoftheworld'sinjusticesandtheirbeliefinthemoralcouragetostandupforwhatisright,eveninthefaceofopposition.4.In"1984,"theconceptof"doublethink"isakeymechanismoftotalitariancontrol.Analyzehowdoublethinkisusedtoenforceconformityandcontrolthepopulation.Doublethinkisusedtoenforceconformitybymakingpeopleacceptcontradictoryideassimultaneously,thuseliminatingcriticalthinkinganddissent.TheParty'spropaganda,suchastheslogan"WarisPeace,"redefinesfundamentalconceptstofititsideology.Bycontrollinglanguageandtruth,thePartyensuresthatpeopledonotquestionauthorityorthestatusquo.Doublethinkisapowerfultoolbecauseitoperatesatapsychologicallevel,makingpeoplebelieveinimpossiblethingsandsuppressingtheirnaturalinclinationtoseekthetruth.ItisakeyelementoftheParty'scontroloverthoughtandbehavior.5.In"TheCatcherintheRye,"HoldenCaulfield'sjourneythroughNewYorkCityreflectshisstrugglewithidentityandbelonging.Analyzehowhisexperiencesinthecityhighlighthisalienationandhisdesireforgenuineconnection.Holden'sjourneythroughNewYorkCityhighlightshisalienationandhisdesireforgenuineconnectionbyshowinghisdiscomfortinsocialsettingsandhislongingforauthenticrelationships.Hisencounterswithvariouspeople,suchasthenuns,thetaxidriver,andtheprostitute,revealhisfrustrationwiththesuperficialityandphoninessoftheadultworld.Hisexperiencesunderscorehisneedforaplacewherepeoplearesincereandkind,reflectinghisyearningforaworldfreefromthehypocrisyandcorruptionheseesaroundhim.Hisjourneyisasearchforidentityandaplacewherehebelongs.6.In"TheHobbit,"BilboBaggins'stransformationfromareluctantparticipanttoaheroisacentralthemeofthestory.Analyzehowhisexperiencesonthequestchangehimandcontributetothedevelopmentofthestory.Bilbo'stransformationissignificantbecauseitshowsthepotentialforgrowthandchangeinindividuals.Hisexperiencesonthequest,suchasfacingdanger,usinghiswits,andhelpinghisfriends,changehimfromacomfortable,home-boundhobbitintoabraveandresourcefulhero.Hisdiscoveryoftheringfurthertransformshimbymakinghimrealizehisownpotentialandbravery.Bilbo'sgrowthcontributestothedevelopmentofthestorybysettingthestageforthenextpartoftheepic,astheringbecomescentraltothefateofMiddle-earth.Histransformationisakeyelementofthethemethateventhemostunlikelyindividualscanbecomeheroes.【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B)Personificatio