高中英语必修第二册 Unit1 Cultural Heritage

七必修第二册Unit1CulturalHeritage

（30分钟32・5分）

I.阅读理解（共8小题;每小题2.5分，满分20分）

A

（2024.重庆模拟）

“Afishoutofwater.”"Abikewithoutachain."Therearemanymetaphorsfor

cultureshock,allofwhichattempttodescribetheuniqueexperienceofbeingfar

fromone'shomecountryandculture.

Scientistshavestudiedcultureshockforoveracentury.Ratherthanfocusonthe

purelynegativeaspects,psychologistsdescribeitasaprocessofstressand

adjustment.Thefirststageisthehoneymoonphase,whenwearefilledwith

excitementaboutbeinginanothercountry.Eventually,asdailychallengesarise,we

enterastateofcrisisandanxiety,harboringunfriendlyfeelingsaboutthehost

culture.Thelongerweareimmersedintheculture,weadjustandrecoverfromthose

negativefeelings.Finally,aftersometimeweadjustevenmoreandfullyacceptthe

newculture.

Oneofthefactorsthatdeterminehowwereacttoculturalstressisour

personality.Notsurprisingly,extraverts（夕卜向者）tendtohaveaneasiertimeadjusting

tonewcultures.Thatisbecausebeinginanewcountrymeansmeetingmanynew

peopleandspendingalotoftimearoundthem,andextravertsthriveinthese

situations.Butintrovertssimplyprefertobealoneafterspendingtimeingroups,and

onlyhavelimitedenergytospendinsocialsettings.

Culturalintelligence,orCQ,alsoplaysitspart.Culturalintelligenceisdefinedas

thecapabilityofanindividualtofunctioneffectivelyinsituationscharacterizedby

culturaldiversity.lthastodowithourinterestininteractingwithpeoplefrom

culturallydiversebackgrounds,andourabilitytoadapttonewculturalcontext.ltis

arguedthatthehigherourCQ,thelessertheeffectofcultureshockonourabilityto

copeinnewsituations.

Manyeffectivecopingstrategiesareinterpersonal.Arecentstudyfoundthat

relatingtootherswithempathyissignificantlyassociatedwithlowerstresslevels

abroad.Themoreweareabletotakeonotherpeople'spointsofview,themore

positiveourinterpersonalrelationshipsandthusouradaptationtothestressofculture

shock.

【语篇属性】

语篇类型说明文

主题语境人与社会（文化交流）

语篇内容文章主要介绍了文化冲击的含义和应对文化冲击的策略。

Para.1Metaphorsforcultureshock

Para.2Theprocessofcultureshock

语篇

Para.3Personalityanditsroleincultureshock

结构

Para.4Culturalintelligenceanditsroleincopingwithcultureshock

Para.5Interpersonalcopingstrategiesforcultureshock

【命题意图】

l.Whatisthefunction第一段主要讲述有很多比喻用来描述文化冲击,这些比

ofthefirstparagraph?喻都试图描绘出远离自己国家和文化的独特体验。此题

旨在考查读者对文章第一段的目的和功能的理解。

2.Howwillaperson

第一段主要讲述文化冲击是压力调整过程，经历兴奋、危

feelthemomenthe

机、适应到接受新文化。此题旨在测试读者对第一段中

arrivesinaforeign

描述的文化冲击第一阶段的理解。

country?

第三段主要讲述外向的人往往更容易适应新文化，但内

3.Whowillmost

向的人只是喜欢在集体活动后独处。此题旨在评估读者

probablybeaffectedby

对第二段内容的理解，特别是个性特征如何影响个体对

theculturalshock?

文化冲击的反应。

4.Whatisimportantfor第五段讲述用同理心与他人交往,在国外的压力水平会

dealingwiththecultural显者降低。此题旨在考查读者对第五段内容的理解，特别

shock?是关于应对文化冲击的有效策略。

1.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Explainingthequotes.

B.Raisinganargument.

C.Introducingthetopic.

□Presentinganexample.

【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段内容以及下文都是讲述文化冲击可推

知，第一段用两个习语引入“文化冲击”这一主题。故选Ce

2.Howwillapersonfeelthemomenthearrivesinaforeigncountry?

A.Anxious.B.Thrilled.

C.Shocked.D.Grateful.

【解析】选Bo细节理解题。根据第二段“Thefirststageisthehoneymoonphase,

whenwearefilledwithexcitementaboutbeinginanothercountry.''可知，人们冈!）至!]

国外时的感觉是兴奋的。故选B。

3.Whowillmostprobablybeaffectedbytheculturalshock?

A.Anactiveboyinterestedinanythingnew.

B.Ashyboyunwillingtosocializewithstrangers.

C.Aquietgirlopentodiverseculturalbackgrounds.

D.Acommunicativegirlfluentinthelocallanguage.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段“Notsurprisingly,extravertstendtohavean

easiertimeadjustingtonewcultures.”以及“Butintrovertssimplyprefertobealone

afterspendingtimeingroups,andonlyhavelimitedenergytospendinsocial

settings.”可推知,内向的人更容易受文化冲击影响。故选B。

4.Whatisimportantfordealingwiththeculturalshock?

A.Loweringthestresslevel.

B.Developingself-awareness.

C.Analyzingthecauseofdiscomfort.

□Understandingotherswithsympathy.

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段“Arecentstudyfoundthatrelatingtoothers

withempathyissignificantlyassociatedwithlowerstresslevelsabroad.“可知，带着

同理心理解他人是应对文化冲击的有效方法。故选D。

【阅读障碍】

【长难句分析】

Eventually,asdailychallengesarise,weenterastateofcrisisandanxiety,harboring

unfriendlyfeelingsaboutthehostculture.

分析:本句中,as引导时间状语从句,harboring是现在分词作状语另外harbor词性

活用，此处作动词，意为“怀有二

翻译:最终,随着日常挑战的出现我们进入了一种危机和焦虑的状态，对东道国文

化怀有不友好的感觉。

B

（2025.长沙模拟）

Therecomesatimewhentheoldmustgivewaytothenew,anditisnot

possibletopreserveeverythingfromourpastaswemovetowardsthefuture.Finding

andkeepingtherightbalancebetweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsites

canbeabigchallenge.

Bigchallenges,however,cansometimesleadtogreatsolutions.Inthe1950s,the

EgyptiangovernmentwantedtobuildanewdamacrosstheNileinordertocontrol

floods,produceelectricity,andsupplywatertomorefarmersinthearea.Butthe

proposalledtoprotests.Waterfromthedamwouldlikelydamageanumberof

templesanddestroyculturalrelicsthatwereanimportantpartofEgypt'scultural

heritage.Afterlisteningtodifferentvoices,thegovernmentturnedtotheUnited

Nationsforhelpin1959.

AcommitteewasestablishedtolimitdamagetotheEgyptianbuildingsand

preventthelossofculturalrelics.Thegroupaskedforcontributionsfromdifferent

departmentsandraisedfundswithintheinternationalcommunity.Expertsinvestigated

theissue,conductedseveraltests,andthenmadeaproposalforhowthebuildings

couldbesaved.Finally,adocumentwassigned,andtheworkbeganin1960.

Theprojectbroughttogethergovernmentsandenvironmentalistsfromaround

theworld.Templesandotherculturalsitesweretakendownpiecebypiece,andthen

movedandputbacktogetheragaininaplacewheretheyweresafefromthewater.In

1961,Germanengineersmovedthefirsttemple.Overthenext20years,thousandsof

engineersandworkersrescued22templesandcountlessculturalrelics.Fiftycountries

donatednearly$8()milliontotheprcyect.Whentheprojectended,itwasconsidereda

greatsuccess.Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethatdidnotrun

overtherelicsofthepast,buttheyhadalsolearntthatitwaspossibleforcountriesto

worktogethertobuildabettertomorrow.

ThespiritoftheAswanDamprojectisstillalivetoday.Ifaproblemseemstoo

difficultforasinglenation,theglobalcommunitycansometimesprovideasolution.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了埃及建造阿斯旺大坝时，为了

防止对古建筑造成损害，埃及政府向联合国求助,并最终得到了解决。

5.Whatwasthemajorconcernregardingtheconstructionofthenewdam?

A.Thedamagetolocalfarms.

B.Thehighcostoftheconstruction.

C.Thedisapprovaloflocalcommunities.

D.Thepotentialharmtoculturalremains.

【解析】选Do细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Waterfromthedamwouldlikely

damageanumberoftemplesanddestroyculturalrelicsthatwereanimportantpartof

Egypfsculturalheritage.”可知，大坝的水可能会损坏一些寺庙，并摧毁作为埃及文

化遗产重要组成部分的文物。所以建设新大坝的主要担忧是对文化遗迹的潜在

危害。故选D。

6.Howweretheculturalsitesrescued?

A.Byrebuildingsimilarculturalsites.

B.Bybuildingfencesaroundthem.

C.Bytakingthemdownintopieces.

D.Byremovingandpiecingthemtogetheragain.

【解析】选Do细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Templesandotherculturalsiteswere

takendownpiecebypiece,andthenmovedandputbacktogetheragaininaplace

wheretheyweresafefromthewater.”可知，寺庙和其他文化遗址被一块一块地拆

除然后移动并重新组装在一个安全的地方。故选D。

7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheAswanDamproject?

A.Internationalcooperationisnotnecessaryforlarge-scaleprojects.

B.Itispossibletoachieveprogresswithoutsacrificingculturalheritage.

C.Theopinionsofexpertsshouldbeignoredinfavorofpopularopinion.

D.Countriesshouldalwaysprioritizetheirowninterestsoverglobalconcerns.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Notonlyhadthecountriesfounda

pathtothefuturethatdidnotrunovertherelicsofthepast,buttheyhadalsolearnt

thatitwaspossibleforcountriestoworktogethertobuildabettertomorrow.“可知,

这些国家不仅找到了一条通往未来的道路，在不摧毁遗迹的情况下，各国有可能

共同努力建设一个更美好的明天。故选B。

8.WhatisthekeytothesuccessoftheAswanDamproject?

A.Trialanderror.B.Adequateinvestment.

C.Globalcooperation.D.Carefulinvestigation.

【解析】选Co推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ThespiritoftheAswanDam

project...sometimesprovideasolution.”可知,阿斯旺大坝工程的精神今天依然存

在。如果一个问题对一个国家来说太难了，国际社会有时可以提供一个解决方案。

说明全球合作是阿斯旺大坝项目成功的关键。故选C。

II.七选五（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

（2024.湖南衡阳模拟）

Withthedevelopmentofglobalization,“interconnectivity“hasbecomea

buzzword（流行词）ofthemodernworld.Althoughthistrendbringslotsof

advantages,itcanalsopresentsomechallenges.9Understandingand

overcomingculturalbarriersisveryimportantindailylife.Herearesometipsonhow

toproperlyhandleculturaldifferences.

Beself-awareandacknowledgedifferences.Mostcross-cultural

misunderstandingscomefromasingle-mindedopinion.Ifwejudgeothersthrough

ourownculture,wemayendupwithwronginterpretations.Failingtoacknowledge

differencesmayeasilyleadtomisconceptionsandevenconflicts.10

Doresearchandlearnaboutothercultures.Afterculturaldifferencesare

acknowledged,it'simportanttolearnmoreaboutthem.11Understandingthe

reasoningbehindone'sactionscanreduce“wronglabeling"andleadtoamore

effectivecooperationandcommunicationprocess.

12Tryyourbesttoavoidquickjudgmentsandbeopentonewbeliefsand

behaviors.Findoutwhatyouhaveincommonandlearnhowtomakethebestuseof

eachuniquecharacteristic.Respectthefactthatothershavedistinctcorevalues.

Allinall,dealingwithculturaldifferencesisquitechallengingandrequiresalot

ofwork.13Whenyoumeetpeoplefromdifferentculturesandbackgrounds

nexttime,justbemindful,andstayopen-mindedandpatient.

A.Oneofthemisculturalbarriers.

B.Beopen-minded,adaptableandrespectful.

C.Youcaneitherdoyourownresearchorsimplyaskothersaboutthem.

0,Employeesshouldbepreparedtoworkinamulticulturalenvironment.

E.However,theresultsofovercomingthesebarriersfaroutweightheeffort.

F.Actually