主题18　体育活动与体育精神、大型体育赛事、体育与健康

主题18体育活动与体育精神、大型体育赛事、体育与健康主题概述本主题探讨各类体育运动项目、竞技比赛以及体育精神的内涵与价值，旨在帮助学生深入理解体育运动的多元化形式和深层意义，培养团队协作能力、拼搏精神和公平竞争意识，引导学生通过体育活动锻炼身体素质、磨炼意志品质，树立健康的生活方式和积极向上的人生态度，形成崇尚运动、追求卓越、永不言败的体育精神观念对接教材人教版必修第一册UNIT

3

SPORTS

AND

FITNESS外研版必修第二册UNIT

3

On

the

move；

选择性必修第一册UNIT

3

Faster，higher，stronger译林版必修第二册UNIT

2

Be

sporty，

be

healthy；

选择性必修第二册UNIT

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Sports

culture

北师大版必修第一册UNIT

2

SPORTS

AND

FITNESS目录CONTENTS主题语基构建主题语基通关主题要点突破主题写作提能主题对接高考主题能力跃升主题语基构建子话题1体育项目与赛事1.

event

n.比赛项目；大事；公开活动2.

Olympics

n.奥林匹克运动会3.

champion

n.冠军championship

n.锦标赛；冠军称号

主题单词4.

tournament

n.锦标赛；联赛5.

round

n.（比赛的）一轮；一回合6.

dive

v.跳水；潜水；冲向；

暴跌n.跳水diving

n.跳水；潜水7.

badminton

n.羽毛球8.

baseball

n.棒球9.

tennis

n.网球10.

track

and

field田径11.

boxing

n.拳击（运动）12.

rugby

n.橄榄球运动；英式橄榄球13.

cycling

n.自行车运动14.

golf

n.高尔夫球；高尔夫球运动15.

calorie

n.卡路里16.

skate

v.滑冰n.溜冰鞋skating

n.滑冰；溜冰17.

skateboard

n.滑板18.

ski

n.滑雪；滑冰v.滑雪；滑冰skiing

n.滑雪19.

surfing

n.冲浪运动；（互联网上）冲浪，浏览20.

kite

n.风筝21.

gymnastics

n.体操22.

league

n.联赛；联盟23.

medal

n.奖牌24.

race

n.赛跑；比赛25.

relay

n.接力赛26.

swing

v.使摆动；纵身跃向；（使）弧线运动27.

bat

n.球拍；蝙蝠；球棒；球板28.

court

n.球场；法院；全体出庭人员；庭院；宅第29.

bounce

v.（使）弹起；反射30.

skip

v.跳；不参加；略过31.

drag

v.拖拉；缓慢移动；拖着（脚或腿）走32.

slip

vi.滑倒；滑落；溜（slide）；悄悄疾行；陷入n.滑倒；片；条33.

hike

n.徒步旅行；远足；提高；涨价34.

suspend

v.暂停；延缓；挂；悬35.

rapid

adj.瞬间的；快速的36.

exhaust

v.耗尽；使筋疲力尽n.（机器排出的）废气exhausted

adj.耗尽的；用完的；筋疲力尽的37.

organise（ze）

v.组织organization

n.组织子话题2运动员与角色1.

captain

n.（运动队的）队长；船长；机长；上尉；

v.担任……的

队长/船长2.

coach

n.教练；

v.指导3.

trainer

n.教练；训练员4.

defender

n.防守队员5.

enthusiast

n.热衷者；爱好者6.

goalkeeper

n.守门员7.

judge

n.裁判员；法官v.担任裁判；判断；评价judg（e）ment

n.判断；判决8.

professional

n.职业运动员adj.职业的9.

amateur

n.业余运动员adj.业余的10.

opponent

n.对手；敌手11.

rival

n.对手；竞争者12.

spectator

n.（现场）观众13.

teammate

n.队友14.

athlete

n.运动员；运动健儿athletic

adj.运动的；体格健壮的athletics

n.田径运动15.

host

n.东道主；主人；节目主持人v.主办活动；主持16.

crowd

n.人群，观众，一伙人v.聚集，涌上crowded

adj.拥挤的子话题3体育精神与品质1.

determine

v.查明；测定；准确算出；决定；敲定；安排；下决心determined

adj.坚定的；有决心的determination

n.决心2.

tough

adj.艰苦的；艰难的；棘手的；严厉的toughness

n.坚韧；强硬3.

unite

v.联合；团结unity

n.团结；统一unify

vi.&

vt.统一；（使）成一体4.

concentrate

v.专心，专注；集中concentration

n.专注；集中；浓度5.

cooperate

v.合作，协作cooperation

n.合作cooperative

adj.合作的6.

resolve

vt.&

vi.决定，决心vi.下决定；分解；解决resolution

n.决心；解决；坚决；分辨率子话题4训练、健身与健康1.

workout

n.锻炼；健身2.

train

v.训练；培训；教育；接受训练training

n.训练3.

warm-up

n.热身运动4.

exercise

n.&

v.锻炼；运动5.

sweat

n.汗水；出汗v.出汗6.

muscle

n.肌肉7.

kick

v.踢；踢蹬8.

flexible

adj.灵活的；可变通的flexibility

n.灵活性9.

refresh

vt.使恢复精力；刷新；使凉爽refreshment

n.恢复精力；点心refreshing

adj.提神的；别具一格的，令人耳目一新的refreshed

adj.清爽的；恢复精神的10.

lean

v.倾斜，倚靠11.

leap

v.&n.跳跃

主题短语1.

work

out

锻炼；计算出；解决2.

warm

up

热身3.

team

up

组队；合作；协作4.

show

up

出现；到场5.

pull

through

挺过来，渡过难关6.

catch

up

赶上，追上7.

break

the

record

打破纪录8.

compete

in

参加（比赛或竞争）11.

in

a

row

连续地12.

be

capable

of

有能力9.

beyond

one’s

expectations

超出某人的预期10.

in

good/bad

shape

健康状况良好/不佳

主题语块1.

build

physical

strength

增强体力2.

develop

teamwork

skills

培养团队合作技能3.

maintain

competitive

spirit

保持竞争精神4.

demonstrate

sportsmanship

展现体育精神5.

promote

fair

play

促进公平竞争6.

develop

discipline

and

dedication

培养纪律性和奉献精神7.

embrace

healthy

competition

拥抱健康竞争8.

master

sports

techniques

掌握运动技巧9.

cultivate

a

winning

mindset

培养胜利心态10.

learn

from

defeats

从失败中学习

主题佳句高考必背写作佳句1.

句型公式：as引导非限制性定语从句As

is

scheduled，

it

will

be

given

in

the

school

lecture

hall

from

4：00

pm

to

5：00

pm

next

Wednesday.

（邀请信）按计划，它将于下周三下午4点至5点在学校演讲厅举行。2.

句型公式：“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构Then，

I

decided

to

teach

them

how

to

pronounce

it，

breaking

the

sounds

down

patiently.

（2025·全国二卷）然后，我决定教他们如何发音，耐心地分解声音。主题语基通关基础知识巩固集训（一）默写训练Ⅰ.单词默写1.

v.使摆动；纵身跃向；（使）弧线运动2.

n.冲浪运动；（互联网上）冲浪，浏览3.

vi.滑倒；滑落；溜（slide）；悄悄疾行；陷入n.滑倒；

片；条4.

n.球场；法院；全体出庭人员；庭院；宅第5.

v.（使）弹起；反射6.

v.拖拉；缓慢移动；拖着（脚或腿）走swing

surfing

slip

court

bounce

drag

7.

n.（运动队的）队长；船长；机长；上尉v.担任……

的队长/船长8.

n.教练v.指导9.

n.裁判员；法官v.担任裁判；判断；评价10.

n.职业运动员adj.职业的11.

n.东道主；主人；节目主持人v.主办活动；主持captain

coach

judge

professional

host

Ⅱ.派生单词默写1.

champion

n.冠军

n.锦标赛；冠军称号2.

athlete

n.运动员；运动健儿

adj.运动的；体格健壮的3.

refresh

vt.使恢复精力；刷新；使凉爽

n.恢复精力；点心

adj.提神的；别具一格的，令人耳目一新的

adj.清爽的；恢复精神的championship

athletic

refreshment

refreshing

refreshed

4.

determine

v.查明；测定；准确算出；决定；敲定；安排；下决心

adj.坚定的；有决心的

n.决心5.

tough

adj.艰苦的；艰难的；棘手的；严厉的

n.坚韧；强硬6.

unite

v.联合；团结

n.团结；统一

vi.&

vt.统一；（使）成一体determined

determination

toughness

unity

unify

Ⅲ.短语/语块默写1.

出现；到场2.

赶上，追上3.

参加（比赛或竞争）4.

超出某人的预期5.

健康状况良好/不佳6.

连续地7.

有能力8.

保持竞争精神9.

拥抱健康竞争10.

从失败中学习show

up

catch

up

compete

in

beyond

one’s

expectations

in

good/bad

shape

in

a

row

be

capable

of

maintain

competitive

spirit

embrace

healthy

competition

learn

from

defeats

Ⅳ.主题佳句默写1.

，

it

will

be

given

in

the

school

lecture

hall

from

4：00

pm

to

5：00

pm

next

Wednesday.按计划，它将于下周三下午4点至5点在学校演讲厅举行。

2.

Then，

I

decided

to

teach

them

，

breaking

the

sounds

down

patiently.然后，我决定教他们如何发音，耐心地分解声音。As

is

scheduled

how

to

pronounce

it

基础知识巩固集训（二）

语境运用Ⅰ.单词拼写1.

The

Olympic

Games

feature

many

exciting

（比赛项目）

that

attract

athletes

from

around

the

world.2.

After

years

of

hard

training，

the

swimmer

finally

won

a

gold

（奖牌）

at

the

championship.3.

The

100-meter

（赛跑）

is

one

of

the

most

popular

track

and

field

competitions

in

athletics.events

medal

race

4.

Due

to

his

injury，

Tom

had

to

（不参加）

the

basketball

practice

session

yesterday.5.

The

（快速的）

development

of

technology

has

changed

our

daily

lives

significantly.6.

After

running

for

an

hour

in

the

hot

sun，

his

shirt

was

completely

soaked

with

（汗水）.skip

rapid

sweat

Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空1.

（dive）

is

a

challenging

Olympic

sport

that

requires

precise

technique

and

mental

focus.2.

After

working

for

twelve

hours

straight，

the

construction

workers

felt

completely

（exhaust）.3.

The

（flexible）

of

online

learning

allows

students

to

study

at

their

own

pace

and

schedule.4.

Good

（concentrate）

is

essential

for

students

to

achieve

better

academic

performance

in

their

studies.Diving

exhausted

flexibility

concentration

5.

The

successful

completion

of

this

project

required

close

（cooperate）

between

different

departments.6.

Making

a

New

Year’s

（resolve）

to

exercise

regularly

is

easy，

but

sticking

to

it

requires

determination.cooperation

resolution

Ⅲ.完成句子1.

，

but

also

improves

our

learning

efficiency.每天坚持锻炼不仅有助于保持健康，还能提高我们的学习效率。2.

When

facing

complex

projects，

students

⁠

⁠.在面对复杂项目时，学生们需要组队合作来完成任务。Working

out

every

day

not

only

helps

maintain

our

health

need

to

team

up

to

complete

the

tasks

3.

With

strong

willpower

and

support

from

friends，

he

finally

⁠

⁠.凭借坚强的意志和朋友们的支持，他最终挺过了人生中最困难的

时期。4.

Participating

in

sports

is

an

effective

way

⁠

and

improve

physical

fitness.参加体育运动是增强体力和提高身体素质的有效方法。pulled

through

the

most

difficult

period

of

his

life

to

build

physical

strength

主题要点突破

judge

n.裁判员；法官v.担任裁判；判断；评价→judg（e）ment

n.判断；判决练通

单句语法填空①Don’t

judge

others

their

appearance

alone—true

character

shows

through

actions.②

（judge）

by

his

performance，

he

definitely

has

the

potential

to

become

a

professional

athlete.by/from

Judging

用法judge

sb/sth

by/from

...

根据……判断某人/某事judging

by/from

...

根据……判断judge

sb

to

be

...

认为某人是……写美

微写作③

，

we

shouldn’t

let

personal

bias

affect

our

fair

judgment.作为比赛的评委，我们不应该让个人偏见影响我们的公正判断。As

judges

of

the

competition

佳句

As

an

experienced

coach，

he

has

excellent

judgment

in

selecting

talented

young

athletes.作为一名经验丰富的教练，他在选拔有天赋的

年轻运动员方面有着出色的判断力。积累

serve

as

a

judge担任裁判/评委make

sound

judgments做出明智的判断

determine

v.查明；测定；准确算出；决定；敲定；安排；下决心

→determined

adj.坚定的；有决心的→determination

n.决心练通

单句语法填空①She

was

（determine）

to

break

the

school

record

in

the

800-meter

race.②His

strong

（determine）

to

succeed

motivated

the

entire

team.determined

determination

写美

微写作③Despite

facing

many

difficulties，

the

young

athlete

remained

.

尽管面临许多困难，这位年轻运动员仍然坚定地追求着自己的奥

运梦想。determined

to

pursue

his

Olympic

dream

用法be

determined

to

do

sth

决心做某事（强调状态）determine

to

do

sth

决定做某事（强调动作）determine

that

...

决定……with

great

determination

以极大的决心佳句

Students

must

be

determined

to

overcome

academic

challenges

if

they

want

to

excel.如果学生想要出类拔萃，就必须下定决心克服学习

上的挑战。积累

strengthen

one’s

determination增强决心maintain

strong

determination保持坚定的决心

concentrate

v.专心，专注；集中→concentration

n.专注；集中；浓度练通

单句语法填空①The

gymnast

needs

complete

（concentrate）

to

perform

difficult

routines

perfectly.②It’s

hard

to

concentrate

studying

in

a

noisy

environment，

so

I

prefer

reviewing

in

the

library.concentration

on/upon

写美

微写作③During

the

competition，

he

⁠

⁠.比赛期间，他全神贯注于每一个动作。concentrated

entirely

on/upon

every

movement

用法concentrate

on/upon

专注于……with

great

concentration

全神贯注地佳句

To

prepare

for

the

upcoming

debate

competition，

our

team

gathered

and

concentrated

on

polishing

arguments.为备战即将到来的辩论赛，

我们团队集合，专注于打磨论点。积累

maintain

focused

concentration保持专注的注意力require

intense

concentration需要高度专注

resolve

vt.&

vi.决定，决心vi.下决定；分解；解决→resolution

n.

决心；解决；坚决；分辨率练通

单句语法填空/完成句子①Faced

with

the

difficult

exam，

he

resolved

he

would

not

give

up

even

if

he

encountered

setbacks.②She

to

stay

healthy.她下定决心每天锻炼一小时以保持健康。that

made

a

firm

resolution

to

exercise

for

one

hour

daily

写美

微写作③Faced

with

setbacks，

the

young

dancer

⁠

through

even

harder

practice.面对挫折，这位年轻舞者决心通过更加努力的练习来证明她自己。resolved

to

prove

herself

用法resolve

to

do

sth

决心做某事resolve

that

...

决定……make

a

resolution

下决心佳句

Many

students

make

resolutions

to

improve

their

study

habits

at

the

beginning

of

each

semester.许多学生在每学期开始时都会下决心改善学习习惯。积累

stick

to

one’s

resolution坚持决心show

firm

resolve展现坚定决心

refresh

vt.使恢复精力；刷新；使凉爽→refreshment

n.恢复精力；

点心→refreshing

adj.提神的；别具一格的，令人耳目一新的

→refreshed

adj.清爽的；恢复精神的练通

单句语法填写①The

coach

provided

（refresh）

for

the

team

during

the

break.②After

a

good

night’s

sleep，

she

felt

（refresh）.refreshments

refreshed

写美

微写作③

has

significantly

improved

the

team’s

overall

performance.这种令人耳目一新的训练方法显著提高了球队的整体表现。This

refreshing

new

training

method

用法refresh

oneself

使自己恢复精力feel

refreshed

感到精神焕发佳句

A

short

walk

in

nature

can

be

incredibly

refreshing

after

hours

of

studying.在学习数小时后，在大自然中短暂散步可以令人非常神清气爽。积累

a

refreshing

change令人耳目一新的改变create

refreshing

atmosphere营造清新的氛围

pull

through

挺过来，渡过难关练通

用pull的相关短语填空①On

the

way

to

the

airport，

he

suddenly

felt

dizzy

and

had

to

⁠

immediately.②The

soldiers

were

ordered

to

from

the

dangerous

area

to

avoid

potential

enemy

attacks.③The

taxi

driver

decided

to

outside

the

hotel

entrance

to

pick

up

passengers.pull

over

pull

back

pull

up

写美

微写作④This

experience

taught

me

that

as

long

as

we

⁠

，

we

can

⁠.这次经历教会了我，只要我们齐心协力、互相支持，就能克服任

何困难。pull

together

and

support

each

other

pull

through

any

difficulties

用法pull

together

齐心协力pull

ahead

领先，超前pull

away

拉开距离；离开pull

back

撤退；退缩pull

up

停下来；拔起pull

off

成功完成困难的事pull

over

（车辆）靠边停车；让（某人）靠边停车佳句

The

marathon

runner

showed

incredible

mental

strength

to

pull

through

the

final

kilometers.这位马拉松选手展现了令人难以置信的精神力量，挺过了最后几

公里。

写作靓词——读后续写小妙招distant

adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的佳句背诵①With

her

secret

leaked，

Jane

couldn’t

resist

sobbing，

with

a

distant

look

in

her

eyes.

（神情描写）简的秘密被泄露了，她忍不住啜泣起来，眼神茫然。②His

eyes

had

a

distant

faraway

look，

like

a

sailor

staring

out

to

sea.他眼神恍惚，就像海员在眺望大海。

③Ella’s

interest

in

cooking

faded

into

a

distant

memory.埃拉对烹饪的兴趣逐渐淡化为遥远的记忆。

靓句写作

，

as

if

he

didn’t

care

about

anything

around

him.他的眼神冷漠而疏远，好像对周围的一切都漠不关心。His

eyes

were

cold

and

distant

敲黑板

①in

the

distant

distance

在遥远的远方②a

distant

memory

遥远的回忆③a

distant

look

in

one’s

eyes

眼神茫然写作佳句——应用文写作与读后续写佳句仿写

句型公式：as引导非限制性定语从句点拨

as引导非限制性定语从句时，通常表示“正如”“如同”的含

义，可以放在句首、句中或句末。as指代整个主句的内容，在从句中

作主语或宾语。常见搭配有：as

we

all

know，

as

is

known

to

all，

as

everyone

can

see，

as

has

been

mentioned等。背诵

As

is

widely

acknowledged，

technological

advancement

has

revolutionized

the

way

we

communicate

and

work.

（科技发展）正如人们普遍认可的那样，技术进步已经彻底改变了我们交流和工作

的方式。仿写

①正如我们都知道的，环境保护需要每个人的努力和参与。

，

environmental

protection

requires

everyone’s

effort

and

participation.②正如研究表明的那样，定期锻炼对身心健康都有显著的益处。

，

regular

exercise

brings

significant

benefits

to

both

physical

and

mental

health.As

we

all

know

As

research

has

shown

Ⅰ.多义词汇赏句猜义，选出加蓝单词的正确意思1.

eventA.

n.比赛项目 B.n.大事C.

n.公开活动①The

music

festival

is

an

annual

event

that

attracts

thousands

of

visitors.

⁠②The

100-meter

dash

is

a

popular

track

and

field

event

in

the

Olympics.

⁠C

A

③The

invention

of

the

Internet

was

a

significant

event

in

human

history.

⁠B

A.

n.比赛项目 B.n.大事C.

n.公开活动2.

courtA.

n.球场 B.n.全体出庭人员C.

n.庭院；宅第

D.n.法院①The

royal

palace

had

a

spacious

court

where

ceremonies

were

held.

⁠②The

tennis

court

was

reserved

for

the

championship

match.

⁠

③The

court

remained

silent

as

the

verdict

（裁决）was

read.

⁠

④The

suspect

was

brought

to

court

for

trial.

⁠C

A

B

D

3.

captainA.

n.（运动队的）队长

B.

n.船长C.

n.机长

D.v.担任……的队长/船长①As

captain

of

the

basketball

team，

she

leads

warm-up

exercises.

⁠②She

will

captain

the

debate

team

in

the

national

competition.

⁠③The

captain

navigated

the

ship

through

rough

seas.

⁠④The

captain

assured

passengers

that

the

flight

would

be

smooth.

⁠A

D

B

C

Ⅱ.构词法构词法前缀micro-：表示“微小”写出下列句中蓝体词的词性和词义1.

（2025·全国一卷）Still，

the

findings

show

a

potential

path

forward

for

reducing

microplastic

exposure—a

task

that’s

becoming

increasingly

difficult.

⁠2.

Heat

your

food

in

the

microwave

for

two

minutes

until

it’s

warm.

⁠n.微塑料；塑料微粒

n.微波炉

3.

The

computer

repair

man

replaced

the

broken

microchip

inside

my

laptop.

⁠4.

Scientists

found

tiny

microorganisms

living

in

very

hot

water

near

volcanoes.

⁠5.

This

cleaning

cloth

is

made

from

soft

microfiber

that

won’t

scratch.

⁠6.

She

decided

to

study

microbiology

because

she

loves

learning

about

bacteria.

⁠n.微芯片

n.微生物

n.微纤维

n.微生物学

7.

If

you

look

at

the

paper

under

a

microscope，

you’ll

see

the

fibres.

⁠8.

The

microphone

made

a

sharp

noise

suddenly，

interrupting

his

speech.

⁠n.显微镜

n.麦克风

主题写作提能

应用文写作（投稿——学习新技能）

根据提示，用本主题词汇和句式完成下面的写作。

（2024·1月浙江卷）请你写一篇短文向校英文报“Sports

and

Health”栏目投稿，向同学们推荐一项适合课间开展的运动，内容包

括：（1）介绍这项运动；（2）说明推荐理由。注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式作答。Stand

Up

and

Exercise，

Everybody！

完成作文Stand

Up

and

Exercise，

Everybody！

1.

（正如大家所看到的），

many

students

feel

tired

after

long

classes.I’m

writing

to

recommend

desk

stretching

exercises

for

our

break

time.As

everyone

can

see

2.

（根据有限

的时间和可用的空间来判断），

stretching

is

perfect

for

classrooms.Students

can

simply

stand

up

and

stretch

their

arms，

neck，

and

back

without

leaving

their

seats.Once

you

3.

⁠

（决心经常练习它），

you’ll

notice

great

benefits.First，

it

helps

students

4.

（集

中精力上下一节课）

with

renewed

energy.Second，

those

who

resolve

to

stretch

daily

will

5.

（感到精神焕发）

and

reduce

physical

tension

from

sitting.

There

is

no

doubt

that

desk

stretching

is

an

ideal

break-time

activity

that

promotes

both

physical

and

mental

well-being.Judging

by

the

limited

time

and

space

available

are

determined

to

practice

it

regularly

concentrate

on

the

next

class

feel

refreshed

学会构思首段——开篇点题引出现状，明确推荐目标中段——分点论述①介绍运动特点（适合性）；②推荐理由（便利性）；③推荐理由（益处多样）；④推荐理由（效果显著）。尾段——总结感悟强调推荐的合理性

读后续写（个人成长＋嘴部动作描写）（一）语料积累——情感细节描写之嘴部动作单词1.murmur

v.低声说2.whisper

v.耳语3.chatter

v.喋喋不休4.stammer

v.结巴地说语块1.murmur

softly轻声低语2.whisper

in

one’s

ear在耳边低语3.mumble

to

oneself自言自语4.stammer

nervously紧张地结巴佳句1.The

children

began

to

chatter

excitedly

about

their

upcoming

school

trip.孩子们开始兴奋地喋喋不休地谈论着即将到来的学校旅行。2.She

had

to

bite

her

lip

to

prevent

herself

from

saying

something

she

would

regret.她不得不咬着嘴唇，以防自己说出一些会后悔的话。3.He

was

so

nervous

that

he

began

to

stammer，

barely

able

to

form

a

complete

sentence.他太紧张了，以至于开始结巴，几乎说不出一句完整的话。（二）学以致用——完成续写语段根据提示，用本主题词汇和以上续写语料完成下面的写作。前情介绍：校际游泳锦标赛即将开始，来自各个学校的选手们已

经做好准备。小李是第一次参加这样的大型比赛，他站在泳池边，看

着其他经验丰富的选手们，内心既兴奋又紧张。教练曾经告诉他，这

次比赛的重点不在于名次，而在于突破自己。完成作文

I

watched

as

Li

stood

at

the

edge

of

the

pool，

adjusting

his

goggles

nervously.

The

starting

whistle

blew，

and

he

dove

into

the

water

with

determination.1.

（全神贯注地），

he

began

his

freestyle

strokes，

but

rival

swimmers

quickly

pulled

ahead.Spectators

2.

（轻声低语）

about

his

slower

pace.Halfway

through

the

race，

exhaustion

hit

him

hard，

and

he

3.

（紧张地结巴）

as

he

gasped

for

air.

With

great

concentration

murmured

softly

stammered

nervously

In

desperation，

Li

4.