外研版英语必修第一册　Unit 6　At one with nature 教师用书

必修第一册Unit6AtonewithnatureⅠ.阅读单词——会意1．sheetn．(冰或水等的)一大片；一张；床单2．frostn．霜3．terracen．梯田4．steepadj.陡的，陡峭的5．vapourn．蒸气6．reefn．礁7．organismn．生物，有机体8．observatoryn．天文台，观象台9．basinn．盆地，低洼地10．grandadj.宏伟的，壮丽的；极好的11．canyonn．峡谷12．waterfalln．瀑布13．tunneln．隧道14．cameln．骆驼15．greenfingers高超的种植技能16．sunflowern．向日葵17．rooftopn．屋顶18．thistlen．蓟19．herbn．(用于调味)香草20．flavourn．味，味道v．给……调味Ⅱ.拼写单词——记形1．wrapv．包，裹2．dynastyn．朝代3．thereforeadv.因此，由此4．soiln．土壤v．弄脏5．shallowadj.浅的；肤浅的6．cropn．庄稼，作物7．materialn．材料8．mineraln．矿物，矿产9．barriern．障碍，壁垒10．structuren．结构，构造，组织v．精心组织，系统安排11．livingadj.活的，活着的12．valleyn．谷，山谷13．narrowadj.狭窄的，不宽的；(心胸、视野等)狭隘的；勉强的v．(使)变窄14．platformn．高台，平台；讲台；站台15．thunderv．打雷n．雷；雷声16．channeln．海峡；水渠；航道；途径，渠道；频道vt.把(钱或精力)导向，贯注17．desertn．沙漠，荒漠v．抛弃；遗弃18．climaten．气候19．insideadv.在(建筑物、房间)内20．expertadj.内行的，专家的n．专家21．branchn．树枝；分支机构22．rentv．租用，租借n．租金Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．harmonyn．融洽相处，和谐→harmoniousadj.和谐的→harmoniouslyadv.和谐地2．designv．&n．设计→designern．设计师3．harmv．&n．损害，伤害；危害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.无害的4．agriculturen．农业→agriculturaladj.农业的5．priorityn．优先处理的事，当务之急；优先权→prioradj.(只用于名词前)先前的；优先的→prioritizev．优先处理6．sailv．(乘船)航行n．帆→sailorn．水手→sailingn．帆船运动，乘帆船航行7．limitedadj.有限的→limitlessadj.无限的；无尽的→limitationn．限制，制约→limitvt.&n．限制，限定8．benefitn．好处，益处v．有益于；得益于；受益→beneficialadj.有益的9．pleasantadj.令人愉快的→pleasev．使高兴；使满意→pleasedadj.感到高兴的；感到满意的→pleasuren．愉快；满意10．energyn．力量，活力；能源→energeticadj.有活力的；有精力的→energeticallyadv.精力充沛地11．completionn．完成，结束→completev．完成，结束adj.完成的→completelyadv.完全地，彻底地12．preventv．阻挡，防止→preventionn．预防；防止→preventiveadj.预防(性)的，防备的13．consumern．消费者→consumevt.吃，喝，饮；消耗→consumptionn．消费；消耗14．regionn．地区，区域→regionaladj.地区的；区域的15．systemn．系统；体制，制度→systematicadj.系统的；有条理的16．publishv．出版→publishingn．出版；出版业；出版物→publishern．出版商；出版公司；发行人17．replacev．以……替换，更换；把……放回原处→replacementn．替换物；替代者；更换；取代→replaceableadj.可替换的；可替代的18．beautyn．美，美丽→beautifuladj.美丽的→beautifyvt.使美化积累——构词法学一法会一类1．前缀re-：replace是由前缀re-(回或向后)和place组成，可以理解为“把……放回……地方”；re-还有以下三个意思：(1)“再，重新，重复”，如：review“复习”，reunion“重聚”，restart“重新开始”等；(2)“相反，反对”，如：rebel“反叛”，resist“反抗”，reverse“反转”等；(3)“加强”，如：recommend“推荐”与commend同义，只是语气更强。2．后缀-fy：意为“使成为，使……化”，常与元音/I/组合，如：satisfy，identify，horrify，simplify等。(1)Torecalculateresultsforparticularstartandstoptimes，youcanspecifyatimerangeforareport.重新计算；重新估计明确规定；具体说明(2)BeforereturningtherentedDVD，makesuretorewindittothebeginningasrequired.倒带(3)AsfarasIamconcerned，itisrudeofustouglifyothersandweshouldtreatotherspolitely.丑化(4)TheEnergyDepartmentplanstosolidifythedeadlywasteinahigh-techbillion-dollarfactory.使固体化Ⅳ.背核心短语1．behometo是……的所在地；是……的家园2．passdown流传；世代相传3．prevent...from...阻止……；制止……4．washaway冲走，冲掉5．inharmonywith与……和谐相处，与……协调一致6．gotothetroubletodosth费心(费力)做某事7．befamousfor因……而出名8．checkout观察；核实；结账离开9．passthrough穿过……；通过……10．provide...for为……提供11．reflecton/upon仔细考虑；回想，回顾12．leadto引起，导致13．o...把……变成……14．allow...todo允许……做……15．beatonewith与……融为一体；与……和睦相处Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Butperhapswhatismostsignificantisthewayinwhichpeoplehaveworkedinharmonywithnaturetomaketheseterracesandgrowrice.(what引导主语从句；先行词为theway的定语从句)但也许最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处建造梯田并种植水稻的方式。2．Today，theLongjiRiceTerracesattractthousandsofvisitorswhocometoadmirethisgreatwondercreatedbypeopleandnatureworkingtogether.(动名词的复合结构)今天，成千上万的游客慕名前来龙脊梯田欣赏这由人与自然共同创造的壮丽奇观。3．AndwhilemanyBritslikenothingbetterthanspendingtheirSundaycuttingthegrass，somearehappyjusttositunderthebranchesofthetreesandenjoythebeautyoftheworldaroundthem.(while引导让步状语从句；“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义)虽然许多英国人认为除草是周日最棒的活动，但也有的人只要能坐在树下享受周围世界的美丽就心满意足了。4．Today，thereareover4,000peopleinLondonwaitingforsuchpiecesofland.(therebe＋n.＋doing)现如今，伦敦有四千多人在等待租用这样的土地。体验——析真题长句知高考难度(2025•全国一)Forthenexttwoassignments，apersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbyacreative-writingworkshop，Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofitsgenreandthatitcontainathesis.[句式分析]本句是主从复合句。apersonal-narrative...workshop是twoassignments的同位语。主语为I，谓语为required，and连接两个that引导的宾语从句。[尝试翻译]接下来的两项作业——一个是个人叙事单元，接着是创意写作工作坊——我只要求作品符合其体裁的规范，并且包含一个论点。Ⅰ.重点单词(每空1分，共31分)1．barriern．障碍，壁垒2．dynastyn．朝代3．rentv．租用，租借4．shallowadj.浅的；肤浅的5．materialn．材料6．mineraln．矿物，矿产7．structuren．结构，构造，组织v．精心组织，系统安排8．platformn．高台，平台；讲台；站台9．livingadj.活的，活着的10．narrowadj.狭窄的；(心胸、视野等)狭隘的；勉强的v.(使)变窄11．expertadj.内行的，专家的n．专家12．channeln．海峡；水渠；航道13．branchn．树枝；分支机构14．thereforeadv.因此，由此15．systemn．系统；制度，体制→systematicadj.系统的；有条理的16．completionn．完成，结束→completev．完成，结束adj.完成的→completelyadv.完全地，彻底地17．agriculturen．农业→agriculturaladj.农业的18．limitedadj.有限的→limitlessadj.无限的；无尽的→limitationn．限制，制约→limitvt.&n．限制，限定19．preventv．阻挡，防止→preventionn．预防；防止→preventiveadj.预防(性)的，防备的20．consumern．消费者→consumevt.吃，喝，饮；消耗→consumptionn．消费；消耗Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每空1分，共22分)1．Theexpertsaysthestrangefruitisnotharmfultoourhealth.Inotherwords，itisharmless(harm)．2．Theclubisbeneficial(benefit)tothosewhowanttolearnChinese.Joinit，andyouwillbenefitalotfromit.3．Thosenaughtychildrenonthestreetareveryenergeticperdayandtheyplayenergeticallyanditseemsthattheyhaveinfiniteenergy.(energy)4．Pleasedandexcited，Ilearntaboutthefinalpleasantresultandnothingintheworldcouldreplacemypleasure.(please)5．Ifeveryonedeterminestoliveharmoniouslywithothers，oursocietywillbecomemoreharmonious.SoIsincerelyhopethatwecanliveinharmonywitheachother.(harmony)6．Henry，asailor，waseventuallycarriedouttoseabyastrongwindwhilesailing.(sail)7．Inthebeautifulregion，weshouldsparenoefforttobeautifyourenvironment，becauseitissharedbyallthehumanbeings.(beauty)8．Thedesignerconcentratesondesigningamodernroom，whichisdesignedforlocalelderlymenandwomen.(design)9．Shealwayssetsherworkasapriority(prior)butneverforgetstospendtimevolunteeringforenvironmentalprotection，acommitmentshemadepriortostartinghercareer.10．Scientistsareconductingasurveytostudythebiodiversityoftheregion，aimingtoprovidedataforregional(region)conservationstrategies.Ⅲ.补全语段(句式仿写)(每题3分，共15分)1．Noafter-classactivityismorebeneficialthan(没有什么课外活动比……更有益了)anEco-traveltoanaturereserveinthesuburbslastweekend.Withthesoftbreezebrushingourfaces，wewereaccompaniedby2.birds’/birdschirping(鸟鸣)alltheway.Keptinitsnaturalstate，thereserveishometoagreatdiversityoflivingcreatures.3.Thereweresomestudentsobservingtheuniqueplantsandanimalsatcloserange(有一些学生近距离观察独特的植物和动物)．Meanwhile，otherswanderedaimlesslyandleisurelyinnature.4.Whilewewereextremelyexhausted/tired(尽管我们非常累)，notonlyhavewebeenrewardedwithfascinatingscenerybutalsowehaveenjoyedtheharmonybetweenhumanbeingsandnature.Allinall,5.whatisthemostsignificantistheway(that/inwhich)wetreatnature(最重要的是我们对待自然的方式)—takingnothingawaybutourgoodmemoryandleavingnothingbehindbutgreentrees，clearwaterandcleanair.Whenitcomestotherelationshipbetweenhumansandnature，thereisnobetterdesignprinciplethanonethatavoidsharmingtheenvironment.Nature’sresourcesarelimited，somindlessexploitationwillonlybreakthebalancewerelyon.Infact，thereisnogreaterbenefitthanlivinginharmonywithnature—thisbalanceensuresthatbothhumansandecosystemsthrivesustainably.Andsurely，thereisnomorepleasantexperiencethanwakinguptothesoundsofbirds，breathingfreshair，andknowingwearepartofaworldwherehumansandnaturecoexistinpeace.designv．&n．设计(designern．设计师)•bedesignedforsth/sb为……而设计bedesignedtodosth为做……而设计•bydesign＝onpurpose故意地(1)Thesecretaryofthedesigner(design)liedtohimbydesign，andtherefore，heexplodedwithextremeanger.(2)(2024•上海1月，书面表达)这个讲座是专门为那些对英国文学感兴趣的学生设计的，所以我写信告诉你两个可以立即引起他们兴趣的问题。Thelectureisspeciallydesignedforthosestudents(whoare)interestedinEnglishliterature，soIamwritingtoinformyouoftwoquestionsthatcanimmediatelyattracttheirinterest.(3)(2025•上海，书面表达)A编程课旨在帮助学生通过特定的实践活动进行学习，这能让编程知识更具实用性，也更易于在实际场景中应用。CourseAisdesignedtohelpstudentslearnthroughspecifichands-onactivities，whichcanmakeprogrammingknowledgemorepracticalandeasiertoapplyinrealsituations.harmv．&n．损害，伤害；危害(harmfuladj.有害的harmlessadj.无害的)•dosb/sthharm＝doharmtosb/sth对……有害Thereisnoharmindoingsth.＝Itdoesnoharmtodosth.做某事并无害处。•beharmfulto...对……有害(1)(2025•北京，书面表达)我建议你的倡议重点放在减少食物浪费上。食物浪费不仅会浪费资源，还会增加排放，这对环境有害。I’dliketosuggestfocusingyourproposalonreducingfoodwaste.Foodwastenotonlywastesresourcesbutalsoincreasesemissions，whichharms/isharmfulto/doesharmtotheenvironment.(2)(2023•新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我的老师给了我一个鼓励的微笑，说：“在我看来，参加写作比赛并没有什么坏处。”Myteachercastmeanencouragingsmile，saying，“Inmyopinion，thereisnoharminentering/itdoesnoharmtoenterawritingcontest.”limitedadj.有限的(limitn．&vt.限制；限定limitlessadj.无限的；无尽的limitationn．限制，制约)•setalimitto/on限制……beyondthelimit超过限度Thereisa/nolimitto/on...……是有限的/无限的。•limit...to...把……限定在……范围内(1)Servicesandfunctionstheyofferarelimitless(limit)tohelpplantsgrownoticeably.(2)(2025•浙江1月，应用文写作)学校有必要对学生在校园内拍摄短视频的时间加以限制，因为过度专注于这类活动可能会使他们分心，影响学习。It’snecessaryforschoolstolimit/setalimitto/onthetimestudentsspendshootingshortvideosoncampus，asexcessivefocusonsuchactivitiesmaydistractthemfromtheirstudies.(3)(征文通知)你被要求把文章限制在800词以内。你的文章如果超过限度将不被录用。Youarerequiredtolimityouressayto800words.Ifyouressayisbeyondthelimit，itwillnotbeaccepted.benefitn．好处，益处v．有益于；得益于；受益(beneficialadj.有益的)•forthebenefitofsb＝forsb’sbenefit为了某人的利益•benefitsb/sth使某人或某物受益benefitfromsth/bydoingsth从……中受益/获益•bebeneficialto...＝beofbenefitto...对……有益；对……有利(1)(2022•全国甲，书面表达)Iadvocatethatweshouldpreventouroceansfrombeingpollutedforthebenefitofhumanbeingsandwemustliveinharmonywithoceans.(2)(2025•天津3月，书面表达)博物馆为人们提供了拓宽视野的机会，游客们称他们从博物馆参观中受益匪浅。Museumsofferpeopleopportunitiestobroadentheirhorizonsandvisitorshaveclaimedthattheyhavebenefitedverymuchfromtheirmuseumvisits/theirmuseumvisitshavebenefitedthemalot/havebeengreatlybeneficialtothem/havebeenofgreatbenefittothem.pleasantadj.令人愉快的(pleasevt.使高兴；使满意pleasedadj.感到满意的；感到高兴的pleasuren．愉快；满意)bepleasedtodosth高兴做某事；愿意做某事bepleasedwith因……高兴；对……满意(1)Theexpertthinksitofgreatbenefittohelpthoseintrouble，fromwhichhecangaingreatpleasure(please)．(2)(2021•浙江1月，应用文写作)得知你们将要参观我校，我非常高兴。我深信你们会对我们专门为你们做的安排感到满意。预祝你们在我校参观愉快。Iammorethanpleasedtoknowthatyouwillpayavisittoourschool.Istronglybelievethatyouwillbepleasedwiththearrangementswehavespeciallymadeforyou.Wishyouapleasantvisitinourschool.“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义AndwhilemanyBritslikenothingbetterthanspendingtheirSundaycuttingthegrass，somearehappyjusttositunderthebranchesofthetreesandenjoythebeautyoftheworldaroundthem.虽然许多英国人认为除草是周日最棒的活动，但也有的人只要能坐在树下享受周围世界的美丽就心满意足了。含否定词的几种特殊结构：•“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义，通常意为“没有比……更……的了；没有像……一样……的了”。此结构常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等。•can/could＋never/not＋...enough/too...再……也不为过(1)(2024•新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我下了出租车，和Gunter握了握手，感激地说：“我再怎么感谢你也不为过！”Igotoffthetaxi，shookhandswithGunterandremarkedgratefully，“Ican’tthankyouenough/toomuch！”(2)(续写之升华句)对我们来说，没有什么比向处在困境中的人传递善意更重要的了。Tous，nothingismoreimportant/significantthanpassingonkindnesstothoseintrouble.(3)(续写之心理描写)马克从未见过比这只狼更可怕的动物，因此他屏住呼吸，不敢动一下。Machadneverseenamorefrighteninganimalthanthiswolf，soheheldhisbreath，notdaringtomakeamovement.1．Thescientist，whochanneled①mostofhisenergyintohiscareer，changedTVchannels②towatchhisfavoriteadventureprogram，inwhichacourageousyoungmanwasswimmingacrosstheEnglishChannel③.Itwasthroughthischannel④thatthescientistreleasedhistremendouspressure.①vt.把(钱或精力等)导向，贯注②n.频道③n.海峡④n.途径，渠道2．Althoughitwasanarrow①victory，onlybyfivescores，Icouldn’tcontainmyinnerexcitement.Afterthecompetition，Irodemybikealonganarrow②pathandhadtonarrow③myeyesinthestronglightofthesun，thinkingthatIshouldtreattheworldwithabroadmindratherthananarrow④mindfromnowon.①adj.勉强的②adj.狭窄的③vt.使变窄④adj.(心胸、视野等)狭隘的3．Whenwereplaced①theoldbrokenprinterwithanewone，mycolleagueremindedmetoreplace②theusermanualbackontheshelf—soanyoneneedingitlatercouldfinditeasily.①v.替换②v.把……放回原处4．Afterfinishinghermorningnotesonasheet①ofpaper，Lilywalkedintothebedroomtochangethesheet②—shealwayskeepsherbedtidytostartthedayfresh.①n.一张②n.床单提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇1．Whatshockeduswasthathisactionledtoourteamnarrowlywinning(win)thematch.2.Afterall，notonlyisplasticmaterialharmful(harm)totheenvironment，butitalsodoesharmtopeople’shealth.3．Theoldbook，itscoverwrapped(wrap)inathinlayerofdust，hadbeensittingontheshelffordecades.4．Thegovernmenthasgiventoppriority(prior)torebuildingthesehousesdestroyedintheflood.5．Wemusttakeavarietyofmeasurestoprotectlimited(limit)resources.6．Excessiveenergyconsumption(consume)isamajordriverofclimatechange，asitreleaseslargeamountsofgreenhousegases.7.Eventually，wefoundanamazingsolutiontobuildingaharmonious(harmony)atmosphereinourclass.8．Theydeterminedtoreplacetheiroldcarwith/byanexpensivenewsportscar.9．Themaidquicklyreplacedthesoiled(soil)sheetswithfreshonestopreparetheroomfornewguests.10．Thepassionatephotographerbravedtheelementsandnothingwouldpreventhimfromtaking(take)photos.Nowadays，plasticpollutionisbecoming1.increasingly(increase)serious，whichnotonlydoesharmtotheenvironment，sheetsofwater，soilandpeople’shealthbutalsocausesnotpleasantbutworryingchangestotheclimate.Therefore，thetoppriorityistotakeaction2.toprevent(prevent)peoplefrompollutingtheenvironment.Firstofall，peopleshould3.beeducated(educate)toliveinharmonywithnature.Weshouldfoundsomeconsultingplatformsorchannels4.designed(design)toraisepeople’sconsciousnessofenvironmental5.protection(protect)．Besides，topreservelimitedresources，morerecyclablematerialsorenergyshouldbefoundtoreplaceexistingoneswhichshouldbedeserted.Consumersshouldpurchasethegoods6.that/whicharelesswrapped.Lastbutnotleast，expertswithgreenfingersshouldpublishsomearticlestoteachfarmers7.howtogroworganiccropswhichprovidemoreminerals，flavourandnutrition.Inthisway，green8.agricultural(agriculture)systemintheregioncanbedeveloped.Theabovemeasureswillbeofbenefit9.tocreatinga10.morebeautiful(beautiful)environment.2023·浙江1月上周末你参加了校学生会组织的“认识我们身边的植物”活动。请为校英文报写篇报道，内容包括：1.活动的过程；2.收获与感想。完成句子1．上周末，我们学校组织了“认识我们身边的植物”活动，旨在提高保护植物的意识。(design；过去分词短语作定语)Lastweekendourschoolorganizedanactivity“GettingtoKnowthePlantsAroundUs”designedtoraisetheawarenessofprotectingtheplants.2．由于我们对植物的了解有限，活动从上午8点当地植物学家的讲座开始，他向我们介绍了各种植物的不同特征。(limited；定语从句)Asaresultofourlimitedknowledgeaboutplants，theactivitybeganwithalecturebyalocalbotanistat8am，whointroducedustothedifferentcharacteristicsofvariousplantspecies.3．9点，我们很高兴地在户外散步以观察和收集不同植物的样本。(bedelightedtodo)At9weweredelightedtotakeawalkoutdoorstoobserveandcollectsamplesofdifferentplants.4．通过这次活动，所有学生一致认为我们再怎么强调植物在维持生态系统平衡方面所起的重要作用也不为过。(can’t...enough)Throughtheactivity，allthestudentsagreedthatwecan’tstressthecrucialroleplantsplayinmaintainingthebalanceofourecosystemenough.5．我们从这次活动中获益良多，使我们意识到与自然和谐相处的重要性。(benefit；现在分词短语作状语)Webenefitedalotfromtheactivity，enablingustobeawareoftheimportanceoflivinginharmonywithnature.组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。参考范文GettingtoKnowthePlantsAroundUsLastweekendourschoolorganizedanactivity“GettingtoKnowthePlantsAroundUs”designedtoraisetheawarenessofprotectingtheplants.Asaresultofourlimitedknowledgeaboutplants，theactivitybeganwithalecturebyalocalbotanistat8am，whointroducedustothedifferentcharacteristicsofvariousplantspecies.Thenat9weweredelightedtotakeawalkoutdoorstoobserveandcollectsamplesofdifferentplants.Throughtheactivity，allthestudentsagreedthatwecan’tstressthecrucialroleplantsplayinmaintainingthebalanceofourecosystemenough.Webenefitedalotfromtheactivity，enablingustobeawareoftheimportanceoflivinginharmonywithnature.Overall，itwasapleasant，valuableandeducationalexperienceandtherefore，Isincerelyhopethatsuchactivitiescanbeheldagaininthenearfuture.语料积累情感细节描写：感激与感动单词appreciatevt.感激→appreciationn．感激grateful/thankfuladj.感激的；感谢的→gratefully/thankfullyadv.感激地→gratitude/thanksn．感激；感谢move/touchvt.使感动→moving/touchingadj.令人感动的→moved/touchedadj.感动的词块shedtearsofgratitude流下感激的泪水bemoved/touchedtotears感动得落泪haveadeepgratitudetowards对……深怀感激withgratitude/appreciation感激地owesbalot/agreatdeal非常感激某人bedeeplymoved/touchedby被……深深感动句型Awarmfeelingwelledup/roseinherheart.(无灵主语句)一股暖流涌上她的心头。Withtearsstreamingdownherface/Withtearswellingupinhereyes，shethankedhimagainandagainwithalumpinherthroat.(with复合结构)她泪流满面/热泪盈眶，哽咽着一遍又一遍地感谢他。Deeplymoved/touched/affectedbywhathehaddone，Ifelttearsrollingdownwithoutcontrol.(过去分词短语作状语)他的所作所为深深打动了我，我的眼泪不受控制地滚落下来。AfeelingofwarmthsweepingoverPeteronthecoldday，hebegantobelievetherewaskindnessineverycorner.(独立主格)寒冷的天气里，一种温暖的感觉席卷了彼得，他开始相信善意无处不在。语料运用遇险获救Withmountainswrappedinmist，weheadedoff，enjoyingthesurroundingbeauty，butstormsmovedinfast，interruptingourpleasantmorningtrip.Thewindpickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingtostartthemotor，butinvain.Itwasatthattimethatagenerousfishermanmanagedtohelpusbacktotheharborand①awarmfeelingwelledupinourhearts(无灵主语句)．②Deeplymoved/touched/affectedbywhathehaddone(过去分词短语作状语)，Ithankedhimagainandagainwithalumpinmythroat，③withtearsrollingdownwithoutcontrol(with复合结构)．Myhusbandheldhishand，sayingwithgratitude，“Wecan’tthankyouenough/toomuch！”群山笼罩在薄雾中，我们出发了，欣赏着周围的美景，但暴风雨来得很快，打断了我们愉快的早行。起风了，雷声隆隆。我丈夫停止钓鱼去发动马达，但没有用。就在那个时候，一位慷慨的渔夫设法帮助我们回到了港口，一股暖流涌上我们的心头。他所做的一切深深打动了我，我一次又一次地感谢他，喉咙哽咽，眼泪不由自主地滚落下来。我丈夫握着他的手，感激地说：“我们再怎么感谢您都不为过！”单元主题组合练[62.5分]Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)A(2026·河北邢台期末)Over60%ofCentralAsiasuffersfrom①desertification.RisingtemperaturesinpartsofChina，Uzbekistan，andmanyothercountrieshavebeenaconcern.Sincethe1980s，muchoftheregionhashadadesertclimate.However，thesituationhasnowspreadtowardnorthernUzbekistanandKyrgyzstan，southernKazakhstan，andnorth-westernChina.Mountainshavebecomehotterandwetter，makingtheglacierssmaller.Here，anincreaseintemperatureandprecipitationintheformofraininsteadofsnowhascontributedtothemeltingoficeatmountaintops.Therefore，glaciershavelessandlessice.Asaconsequence，lessmeltwaterflowstonearbyregions，causingwatershortages.DesertificationisalsoahugeissueinAfrica.Forexample，poorharvestingandincreasingbarrenlandscontinuetoplaguetheinhabitantsofEngaruka，Tanzania.InMauritania，adropinrainfallhasworsenedagriculturalproductionandhasleftmanyfarmersstrugglingtogrowenoughfoodtoeatorsell.Tosolvedesertification，variousmeasuresaretakenindifferentcountries.InNiger，localgovernmentshaveimprovedlandtorestoresoilfertility，whichhaspositivelyaffectedthecountrywhoseeconomyislargelydependentonagriculture.Here，thefarmershavebeenencouragedtofollowtheprincipleoffarmer-managednatural②regeneration.Thistechniqueinvolvestheregenerationandincreaseoftreeswhoserootsalreadylayunderneaththeland，encouragingsignificanttreegrowth.Thishasmadethesoilmoreproductive，improvedfarmers’income，andturnedthelandsgreenerthanbefore.VillagesinKenyaandTanzaniaarefightingdroughtsanddesertificationbydiggingtrenchesthatstorewaterwhenitrains，thuskeepingwaterforplantsandtrees.Someprojectshavehelpedfixsanddunesinnorth-westernChina.Oneoftheproblemsofdesertificationisthemigrationofsandsthreateningroads，villages，andfarmland.Dune-fixingisbasedonthestraw-checkerboardtechnique，whichinvolvesplantingstrawsofwheat，rice，andotherplantsinacheckerboardshapewherehalfisburiedandtheotherhalfisexposed.Desertificationcontroleffortshavealsobenefitedpeoplelivingtherebycreatingjobsandincreasingincomesbygrowingsand-fixingshrubspeciesandbuildinggreenhouses.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了中亚和非洲部分地区遭受荒漠化的现状，以及不同国家为解决该问题所采取的多样手段，旨在让读者了解荒漠化的严峻形势与应对成效。1．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph1?A．ThereisnodesertificationonAfricancontinent.B．Theincreaseofrainhassolvedwatershortages.C．Themeltingoficeonthemountainsisagoodsign.D．DesertificationinCentralAsiaisworsethanbefore.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“Over60%ofCentralAsiasuffersfromdesertification...Sincethe1980s，muchoftheregionhashadadesertclimate.However，thesituationhasnowspreadtowardnorthernUzbekistanandKyrgyzstan，southernKazakhstan，andnorth-westernChina.”可知，中亚的荒漠化情况比以前更严重了。故选D。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plague”inthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A．Amuse. B．Trouble.C．Shock. D．Puzzle.答案B解析词义猜测题。第二段中“DesertificationisalsoahugeissueinAfrica.Forexample，poorharvestingandincreasingbarrenlandscontinuetoplaguetheinhabitantsofEngaruka，Tanzania.”表明，“plague”的意思应是“trouble(困扰，使烦恼)”，才能起到举例说明“荒漠化在非洲同样是个重大问题”的作用。故选B。3．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Themaincausesofdesertification.B．Thevariouspoliciesadoptedbygovernments.C．Thedifferentwaysoffightingdesertification.D．Thenegativeeffectsofdesertificationonpeople.答案C解析段落大意题。根据第三段中“Tosolvedesertification，variousmeasuresaretakenindifferentcountries.”及后文对不同国家采取的措施介绍可知，该段主要讲述了不同国家对抗荒漠化的不同方式。故选C。4．Whatisthepurposeofplantingstrawsofplants?A．Tokeepthesandfrommoving.B．Tostoppeoplegoinginside.C．Topreventanimalsfromcrossing.D．Tobuildsimplehousesforpeople.答案A解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Oneoftheproblemsofdesertificationisthemigrationofsandsthreateningroads，villages，andfarmland.Dune-fixingisbasedonthestraw-checkerboardtechnique，whichinvolvesplantingstrawsofwheat，rice，andotherplantsinacheckerboardshapewherehalfisburiedandtheotherhalfisexposed.”可知，栽种秸秆是为了固定沙丘，防止沙子移动。故选A。语境猜词①desertification(派)＝desertif(y)＋icationn．荒漠化；沙漠化②regeneration(派)＝re＋generat(e)＋ionn．再生；重生B(2026·辽宁期中)AsEarth’sclimatecontinuestochange，aplant’sabilitytoadapttoitsshiftingenvironmentiscriticaltoitssurvival.Often，tostayaliveaplantmustmovelocationsbyreleasingitsseeds，butplantsare①rootedinthegroundandcannotmovethemselves.Instead，theyaredependentonanimalsorthewindtocarrytheirseedstoanewlocation.Tobetterunderstandhowplantscansurviveinthefaceofchallengeslikeclimatechange，ateamofresearchersattheUniversityofMissouri(MU)andMichiganStateUniversityrecentlycooperatedtodevelopaninnovativemathematicalmodelthatcanprovidefastandreliablepredictionsofhowfarwindcancarryaplant’sseeds.“Onceseedsarereleasedfromaplant，wewantedtoknowhowfartheycangobecauseaswindconditionsvarytheseedswillbemovedarounddifferentlyasaresultofvariousweights，sizesandshapes，”saidBinbinWang，anassistantprofessorattheMUCollegeofEngineering.Oneadvantageofthemodelisitsabilitytopredicttheprobabilityofwhereseedsmighteventuallylandonthegroundwhenwindsarewild.“Thismodelgivesusaninsightintotheprobabilityofwhereaseedwilllandonthegroundindifferentconditionsdependingontheseedtype，theplanttypeandthewindspeed，”addsWang.“Understandinghowplantsmoveasseedsyear-roundiscriticalforustoanalyzehowthey’llbeabletohandleclimatechange.Besides，thismovementisalsoimportantforhowwecanincreasediversityintheecosystem，”LaurenSullivan，abiologistandprofessoratMichiganStateUniversity，explained.Insteadofonlymaking②assumptionsabouthowplantsmove，biologistsarenowabletopartnerwithresearcherswhocanfactorinaspectslikeaerodynamicsandmicro-meteorology(微观气象学)．Thisinnovativeapproachwillhelpthemdevelopaccuratemodelsthataresimpleenoughtomakegoodpredictionsinjustashortamountoftimeinthefuture.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。为了更好地了解植物如何在气候变化等挑战面前保持生存力，研究人员最近开发了一个创新的数学模型，可以快速可靠地预测风能把植物的种子带多远。5．What’sthefunctionofparagraph1?A．Toattractreaders’interest.B．Tobringupthetopicofthetext.C．Tointroduceplants’survivalconditions.D．Totelltheauthor’sviewsaboutclimatechange.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第一段“AsEarth’sclimatecontinuestochange，aplant’sabilitytoadapttoitsshiftingenvironmentiscriticaltoitssurvival.Often，tostayaliveaplantmustmovelocationsbyreleasingitsseeds，butplantsarerootedinthegroundandcannotmovethemselves.Instead，theyaredependentonanimalsorthewindtocarrytheirseedstoanewlocation.”和下文内容可推断出，第一段的作用是引出文章主题——为了更好地了解植物如何在气候变化等挑战面前生存，研究人员开发了一个数学模型，可以快速可靠地预测风能把植物的种子带多远。故选B。6．Whatisthemathematicalmodelaimedfor?A．Monitoringplants’growingprocess.B．Predictinghowwindconditionschange.C．Solvingthesurvivalcrisisofplants.D．Calculatinghowfarwindcancarryseeds.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段“Tobetterunderstandhowplantscansurviveinthefaceofchallengeslikeclimatechange，ateamofresearchersattheUniversityofMissouri(MU)andMichiganStateUniversityrecentlycooperatedtodevelopaninnovativemathematicalmodelthatcanprovidefastandreliablepredictionsofhowfarwindcancarryaplant’sseeds.”可知，开发一个创新的数学模型的目的就是计算风能把种子携带多远。故选D。7．WhatdoesLaurenSullivanthinkofthemovement?A．Itmainlydependsonthewindspeed.B．Itcontributestotheprotectionofecosystem.C．Itplaysavitalroleindealingwithclimatechange.D．Ithelpsresearchersevaluatethewindcondition.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段中“Besides，thismovementisalsoimportantforhowwecanincreasediversityintheecosystem”可知，劳伦·沙利文认为植物的这种运动对我们如何增加生态系统的多样性也很重要。也就是说它有助于保护生态系统。故选B。8．Whatcanweinferaboutthemodelsinthefuturefromthelastparagraph?A．Theywillbeusedinweatherforecast.B．Theywillbeappliedtoanalyzingplanttypes.C．Theywillbesimplifiedandworkmoreefficiently.D．Theywillspeeduptheplants’movement.答案C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Thisinnovativeapproachwillhelpthemdevelopaccuratemodelsthataresimpleenoughtomakegoodpredictionsinjustashortamountoftimeinthefuture.”可知，未来的模型