虚拟语气(高三复习)

Subjunctive

Mood

（虚拟语气）

[Revision]虚拟语气用于表示主观愿望和假设的虚拟情况。虚拟语气不太顾及事实的存在，它表现出说话人的主观因素比较多。所以说话人所讲的内容往往是与事实相反的；或是实现的可能性微乎其微，甚至于没有实现的可能性。

虚拟语气的定义关键是什么与事实相反！虚拟语气的主要考点一、非真实条件句（if等）中的虚拟语气基本用法

2.倒装句

3.错综时间的虚拟句4.含蓄条件句二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气：宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句三、虚拟语气几种其它的用法asif/though、wouldrather、It’s(about/high)time…、It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that从句、Ifonly感叹1.IfIhad8,000yuan,Iwouldbuyacomputer.2.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.3.Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.4.IfIweretodoit,Iwoulddoitanotherway.5.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,thecropscouldbesaved.6.Ifhedidn’tcometomorrow,wewouldputoffthemeeting.考点一在条件从句中1.基本用法（与

事实相反）（与

事实相反）（与

事实不符）现在过去将来条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去未来V-ed(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+V.would/could/should/might+have+done1.V-ed.2.should+V.3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.1.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法(3种)。考点一在条件从句中2、省略if的条件从句当从句中有were,had或should时，可省略if，而把它们放在句首。IfIweretomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.

Were

Itomeethimtomorrow,…Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.

Shouldhefailintheexperiment…Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.考点一在条件从句中Hadyoucomeafew….3、错综时间的虚拟句(themixedconditional)通常情况下,在虚拟条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一致的,但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时要根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式.IfI

(be)you,Iwould

(take)hisadviceyesterday.(从句指不变的事实,主句指过去)2.

IfI

(take)myraincoatwithmethismorning,I

(notbe)wetnow.

(从句指过去,主句指现在)考点一在条件从句中werehavetakenhadtakenwouldnotbe4.without,butfor,or和otherwise等等构成虚拟。（含蓄条件句theimpliedconditional）TranslateintoChinese:1)Without

sunlight,there

wouldbe

nolifeonourplanet.

没有阳光，地球上就没有生命。2)Butfor

yourhelp,I

wouldn’thavefinishedthework.

要不是你的帮助，我就完不成工作了。3)Iwasillthatday,otherwiseIwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.(副词)

我那天生病了，要不然我早参加运动会了。4)Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orI

wouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.(连词)

他打电话通知了我你的生日，否则我什么都不知道。a.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvicenow.b.Ifanotherworld-war_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth(究竟)?werewouldtakeburstwouldhappenPractice:Fillintheblanks.容我爱你可好夜久泪长碍人孤独为友@小烦恼七色的悲伤ヘ≮◆゛冰凉╯de、忧伤丶把时间冻结*彩虹下プ七色的悲伤ヘ静听、忧伤没有什么永垂不朽@─━═蕜伤溡哋嫒ζ离心离情时光无心我没爱人看着你的背影离去-梦死深蓝海@独寂多余者巴黎铁塔丶淡淡忧伤梦太假冬至心凉。殇心忆似冷非寒ヽ冰隔人心忧伤散漫一个人狠孤独。-醒梦空葬爱臧情葬人心离别伤孤影楼流徙@孤枕者@零℃冬天丶久凉哭泣的夜晚心疾い累@疚语______凉城空巷°无处告别恋人离______☆灬殇情哭泣的格桑花殇得太过蓶美Yourlies你的谎言泣颜风逝、泪烬染不相见Tearsillusion深情不及久伴*影子旧人。忘心孤单是毒@摇摇欲坠的心、——花落尽唯剩空城虚[心不凉透难死心。]威士忌荡出の悲伤ツ从love变成hate#寂寞上演着冷落我不舍@我不温暖@!梦入薄凉请善待我。厌刺@情到深处人孤独@疏远我南柯一梦留不住的不强求。楼空，封存浮生。留我静待彷徨不入他眼任凭寂寞沸腾藏心情深何用释怀了那些忧伤゛■□怀念那逝去的纯真。空寂陌语°空城空等__孤灯伴长清暗恋成伤、[一人疚]苦笑着说不分手ソ歌声里的无奈失晴-孤立我@死撑@囚在他城囚蝶-阵亡爱人孤独成瘾@深知你是梦@因为丑@残朵@菰独者の_smile.c.Ifhe__________(drive)morecarefully,he_________________(nothave)thecaraccidentyesterday.haddrivenwouldnothavehad二.名词性从句中的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：insist

两个命令：order,command

四个建议：advise,suggest,propose,recommend

五个要求：demand,require,request,desire,ask

这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。考点二在名词性从句中1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。WesuggestedthatTom(should)havearest.HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent.Thekingorderedthattheprisoners(should)bekilledthenextday.Theyrequiredthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.TranslateintoEnglish:虚拟语气：在名词性从句中

注意:insist/suggest各有两意思，要用不同的语气①表“坚决要求”,虚拟语气,(should)do;②表“坚称,坚持说”,陈述语气,表事实。①表“建议”，虚拟语气,(should)do;②表“表明、暗示”，用陈述语气。1.Theteachersuggestedthatwe________________moreafterclass.（我们课后多练习）2.Thelookonherfacesuggestedthatshe_____(be)happy.3.Heinsistedthatallofus___________thereontimebyanymeans.（我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿）4.Heinsistedthathe_____________thewallet(没有偷钱包).insistsuggest(should)practisewas(should)bedidn’tsteal2.以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。即：(should)＋V.e.g.1.It’ssuggestedthattheplan(should)becarriedout.2.Mydemandisthatshe(should)cometoseemeonceaweek.3.Wearefortheadvicethatthefactory(should)becloseddown.order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire,requirement,recommendation3.wish的宾语从句现在:

过去时（were/did）过去:

过去完成时(haddone)未来:

would/could/might/should+V.虚拟语气：在名词性从句中

IwishI

(be)astallasyou.wereIwish/wishedI_________

(noteat)somuchwatermelon.hadn’teatenHowIwishit____________(stop)rainingtomorrow!Ithasbeenrainingforalmostaweek!couldstop3)Helooksasifhe(be)drunk.4)Theytalkedasifthey

(be)friendsforyears.1)Shelovesthebabyasifit

(be)herownson.2)Irememberedthewholethingasifit_____________

(happen)yesterday.werehadhappenedhadbeenwere1.asif/though如果用到虚拟语气是和wish的用法相同考点三.虚拟语气其它用法:2.wouldrather(that)现在,将来：过去：Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.

Iwouldratheryouhadgonetotheconcert,too.Iwouldratheryoucame

tomorrow.过去时过去完成时宁愿……但愿…….3.It’s(about/high)time+(that)…should+V.过去时我们该去睡觉了。It’stimethatwe

.It’stimethatwe

tobed.(should不可省略)wenttobedshouldgo是时候该做……4.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that-Clause

从句中的动词要用虚拟，即should+动词原形Itisimportantthatwe(master)aforeignlanguage.Itisstrangethatshe(refuse)tocometotheparty.It’snecessarythatwe(study)hard.(should)mastershouldrefuse(should)study5.Ifonly+句子=HowIwish+从句“要是…就好了

”IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIwouldhimagain!Ifonlyourparentslivedwithusnow!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!高考链接1.(11江西)We____John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.A.willputB.willhaveputC.wouldputD.wouldhaveput【答案】D【解析】句意：要不是John最近受伤了，我们昨天就把他的名字加到比赛名单上了。这是一个由butfor来表达的含蓄条件句，根据题干信息，可知主句是与过去事实相反，需用should/could/would/might+havedone的用法。高考链接2.(13北京)Ifwe_____atableearlier,wewouldn’tbestandinghereinaqueue.A.havebookedB.bookedC.bookD.hadbooked【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气用法。句意：如果我们早点订位子，现在就不用站在这儿排队了。分析语境可知，if从句是与过去事实相反，所以从句中用过去完成时。高考链接3.(12安徽)Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe___there,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.A.livesB.wouldliveC.haslivedD.weretolive【答案】D。【解析】句意：Grace不想搬到纽约去，因为她认为如果她住在那里，就不能经常见父母了。根据句意以及wouldn’tbeabletosee…可知，该句为与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，故if从句谓语动词需用“weretodo或shoulddo或过去时”。高考链接4.（13浙江）IfhehadspentmoretimepractisingspeakingEnglishbefore,he____abletospeakitmuchbetternow.A.willbe B.wouldbeC.hasbeenD.wouldhavebeen【答案】B【解析】本题为错综条件句，即if从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。与现在事实相反的主句谓语动词形式应为“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。高考链接5.（10江苏）Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe____onitsculture.A.focus