18　第一部分　主题二　主题群五　语境18　对社会有突出贡献的人物

第一部分主题语境突破主题二人与社会主题群五历史、社会与文化语境18对社会有突出贡献的人物对接教材人教版选择性必修第一册Unit1

Peopleofachievement选择性必修第二册Unit1

Scienceandscientists译林版必修第三册Unit4

Scientistswhochangedtheworld北师大版必修第二册Unit6

TheadmirablePart1必备知识Ⅰ．拓展词汇运用1．(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit1)ItisindeedanhonourforChina's__________(science)researchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld．*提示：活动一、活动二部分未掌握的可回顾《主题语境语基复习全案》查缺补漏scientific2．Hemadenumerouscontributionstotheworld，themostwell-knownbeingthegeneraltheoryof__________(relative)andthefamousformulaE＝mc2．3．(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit1)Asa______________________(consequent)，hehadtofleeGermany．4．Asagraduate_________(assist)attheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyduringthe1930s，Qianhelpedconductimportantresearchintorocketpropulsion．relativityconsequenceassistant5．On31stOctober2009，thewholecountrywassaddenedbyQian'sdeath，andpeople________(honour)andrememberedhimindifferentways．6．Thisisnotonlyanhonourforme，butalso___________(recognise)ofandencouragementforallscientistsinChina．honouredrecognition7．Herealisedthathisrolesinthesefilmshadgivenhimtheopportunitytobeareal-lifesuperman，andhesoongainedareputationforraising__________(aware)ofgoodcauses．8．(北师大版必修第二册Unit6)Hefellintoa__________(depress)，whichlastedformanymonths．awarenessdepressionⅡ．核心短语自查1．写作词块补全(1)be________theNobelPrize被授予诺贝尔奖(2)makenumerous_____________totheworld对世界做出了许多贡献(3)outofastrong_______forknowledge出于对知识的强烈热爱(4)earna_________inphysics获得物理学博士学位(5)anextremely________________man一个非常受尊敬的人(6)______hisgraduatestudies追求他的研究生学业awardedcontributionspassiondoctoratewell-respectedpursue2．用适当的介词/副词填空(1)Circumstanceschangedin1933，whenHitlercame__powerinGermany．(2)However，aftertheSonghuBattlebroke___in1932，Qianmadethedecisiontoswitchhismajortoaviation，becauseherealisedthatChinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectanddefendthecountry．toout(3)Hereceivedahero'swelcomefromhishomelandandwasput__chargeofnotonlydevelopingChina'srocketsciencebutalsoitsspaceandmissileprogramme．(4)AfterspendingtimeinEurope，hefinallytook__apositionasaresearcherattheInstituteforAdvancedStudyinPrinceton，USA．inup3．根据汉语提示完成句子(1)InNovember1972，____________________(通过反复试验)，theysuccessfullydiscoveredqinghaosu—themosteffectivepartoftheqinghaoextract．(2)(译林版必修第三册Unit4)TheeffortsofTuandherteamfinally_______(成功)．throughtrialanderrorpaidoff(3)However，heneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholera_____________(彻底地)．(4)TuYouyou____________(因为……而著名)herbraveryinbeingascientistduringadifficulttimeforscienceinChina．(5)Byworkingtogetherasateam，wecan___________________________________(产生重大影响)insolvingthisenvironmentalproblem．onceandforallwasnotedformakeasignificantdifferenceⅢ．经典句式仿写1．被残障人士的困境深深触动，海伦·凯勒成了为他们的权利和教育事业不知疲倦的倡导者。(过去分词短语作状语)_______________bytheplightofthedisabled，HelenKellerbecameatirelessadvocatefortheirrightsandeducation．2．诺曼·博洛格在杂交小麦上的贡献如此重大，以至于他将全球饥荒率降低了50%。(so/such...that...)__________________NormanBorlaug'sworkonhybridwheat____hereducedglobalfamineby50%．DeeplyinspiredSosignificantwasthat3．乔纳斯·索尔克一研发出首个脊髓灰质炎疫苗，就使无数儿童免于终身残疾。(upon/on＋n．/doing...)_______________thefirstpoliovaccine，JonasSalksavedcountlesschildrenfromlifelongdisability．Upondeveloping核心词汇多维练1．conclusion练基础——单句语法快速填①(译林版选择性必修第二册Unit1)Whenwecomeacrosssuchfactualdifferences，weshouldnotrushtothe__________(conclude)thatoneofthenewsreportsgivesfalseinformation．Instead，checkwhenthereportswerewritten．conclusion②___conclusion，Iwouldliketothankeveryonewhohassupportedthisproject．③Thefamousnovelistconcludedhisspeech_____afamoussaying，“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway．”Inwith练写作——先写后背会积累④(应用文写作之活动介绍)我从自身经历中得出结论：用自己的双手劳动很重要。a．I____________________________________itisimportanttoworkwithmyownhands．(conclude)b．I_______________________________________________________________________________itisimportanttoworkwithmyownhands．(conclusion)concludedfrommyownexperiencesthatcameto/reached/arrivedat/drewa/theconclusionfrommyownexperiencesthat2．admire练基础——单句语法快速填①(人教版选择性必修第三册Unit1)SomeoftheitemsondisplayarethoughttohavecomefromthecollectionofEmperorQianlong(1711—1799)，agreat________(admire)ofShangDynastybronze．②Doinganyordinaryjobaswellasonecanisinitselfan__________(admire)commitment．③WeadmireYuanLongping___hisgreatcontributionstothedevelopmentofagricultureinChina．admireradmirablefor练写作——先写后背会积累④(读后续写之神态描写)听到这个消息，孩子们钦佩地看着他们的数学老师。Hearingthenews，thekids_______________________________________________．lookedattheirmathteacherwith/in

admiration3．award练基础——单句语法快速填①(外研版必修第二册Unit6)Ittellsthestoryofagreatwhitesharkthatattacksandkillsswimmers．Jawswasagreatsuccess，attractinghugeaudiencesandwinningmany_______(award)．②Theyoungscientistreceivedanaward___hergroundbreakingresearchonrenewableenergy．③Theschooldecidedtoawardaspecialscholarship__thestudentwhovolunteeredover200hourstohelpchildreninneed．awardsforto练写作——先写后背会积累④(读后续写之情绪描写)当他因出色的表现获得一等奖时，他激动得流下了眼泪。a．_______________________forhisexcellentperformance，heshedtearsofexcitement．b．________________________forhisexcellentperformancemadehimshedtearsofexcitement．

WhenawardedfirstprizeBeingawardedfirstprize4．suspect练基础——单句语法快速填①Wesuspectedtheman____(be)acheatatfirst，butitturnedoutthatwewerewrong．②Theman，_________(suspect)ofstealingthecar，wasarrestedbythepolice．③Two________(suspect)inconnectionwiththecasearenowbeingquestioned．tobesuspectedsuspects练写作——先写后背会积累④(应用文写作之人物描写)我最尊敬的人是我的英语老师，他从不怀疑我们能实现自己的梦想。a．ThepersonIrespectmostismyEnglishteacher，who_________________________________________．(suspectthat...)b．ThepersonIrespectmostismyEnglishteacher，who____________________________________．(suspectsb．ofdoingsth．)neversuspects

thatwecanachieveourdreamsneversuspects

usofachievingourdreams5．blame练基础——单句语法快速填①Thereisnodoubtthattheterribleearthquakewas________(blame)forsuchsevereruins．②Thebossdidn'tblamehisassistant___themistake，whichwasbeyondexpectations．toblamefor练写作——先写后背会积累③Alicewasinlowspiritsbecauseshewasblamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork．→______________________________________________________，Alicewasinlowspirits．(过去分词短语作状语)Blamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork6．intend练基础——单句语法快速填①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit3)The_________(intend)oftheseadaptationsistomaketheclassicsmoreaccessibletoyoungreaders．②TheChinesepaper-cuttingexhibitiontobeheldnextweekendissaidtobeintended___theforeignstudentswhoareinterestedinChineseculture．intentionfor练写作——先写后背会积累③Theprogrammewasintendedtoprovidehelpforthehomelessanditturnedouttobeagreatsuccess．a．Theprogramme____________________________________turnedouttobeagreatsuccess．(过去分词短语作定语)b．Theprogramme，____________________________________________________，turnedouttobeagreatsuccess．(介词短语作插入语)intendedtoprovidehelpforthehomelesswiththeintentionofprovidinghelpforthehomeless7．vital练基础——单句语法快速填①Thesemenknewthatknowledgeandunderstandingarethingsworthfightingfor—morevital__aman，andmorebeneficialtomankind，thanallthemoneyintheworld，somemightsay．②Nomatterwhattheresultis，thefriendshipbetweencountriesisofvital___________(important)andmustbecherished．toimportance练写作——先写后背会积累③(读后续写之主旨升华)如果我们想要在生活中有所作为，至关重要的是我们应该从小事开始做起。Ifwearetomakeadifferenceinlife，__________________________________________________．it'svitalthatwe(should)

beginwithsmallthings障碍词汇综合练Ⅰ．一词多义/熟词生义练(依次写出语段中黑体单词的词性及词义)1．Dr．YuanLongpingcommittedhimselftohybridriceresearch，drivenbyaprofoundcommitmenttoendingglobalhunger．Despitechallenges，hiscommittedteamneverwavered．Throughdecadesofcommittingtoscientificexcellence，herevolutionizedagriculture．Today，wehonourhisdisregardforpersonalgain—hislifeembodiedhowtruecommitmentcanfeedmillions．①_______________②_____________③___________④_________________⑤___________v．全心全意投入n．承诺；信念adj．忠诚的v．花(钱或时间)n．奉献精神2．MotherTeresa'sinvolvementinhelpingKolkata'spoorinvolvedimmensepersonalsacrifice．Herdeepinvolvementmeantdirectlyinvolvingherselfinslumdwellingsdaily．Thoughtheworkwasemotionallyinvolving，sheneveravoidedcomplexsituationsinvolved．Herlifeprovestruechangerequiresinvolvingcommunitieswithcompassion．①_______②_______③_________④_______________⑤___________n．参与n．投入v．使参与adj．引人投入的adj．牵涉的3．Dr．TuYouyou，anaward-winningscientist，wasawardedtheNobelPrizefordiscoveringartemisinin．Thisprestigiousawardrecognizedherteam'slife-savingworkagainstmalaria．Asahumbleawardee，shedonatedprizemoneytoresearch，provingtruegreatnessliesnotinseekingawardsbutinservinghumanity．①___________②_________③_______④_________⑤_____________adj．获奖的v．被授予n．奖项n．获奖者n．荣誉；奖励4．NelsonMandelawashonouredwiththeNobelPeacePrizeforendingapartheid．Thisgreathonourreflectedhislifelongfightforequality．Asanhonorarydoctorateholder，heremainedhonourablebyneverseekingpersonalglory．Hislegacyteachesusthattruehonourliesinselflessservicetosociety．①_________②_______③___________④___________________⑤_______v．被授予n．荣誉adj．名誉的adj．高尚的；正直的n．光荣5．ArchitectI．M．PeidesignedtheLouvrePyramidwithinnovativevision．Hisdesignaimedtoconnecthistorywithmodernity，makingartaccessible．Thoughinitiallycontroversial，thisredesignedentrancebecameiconic．Asadesignerprioritizingpublicbenefitoverfame，Peiprovedgreatdesignsservesociety，notjustaesthetics．①_______②_________________③_______________④_________⑤___________v．设计n．设计方案；构思adj．重新设计的n．设计师n．设计作品Ⅱ．语言运用练(文中加黑词汇为主题词汇)AdaLovelacewasthedaughterofromanticpoetLordByron．Sheearnedherplaceinhistoryasthefirstcomputer1—afullcenturybeforetoday'scomputers2．Andshebecameanidolforwomenin3

today．Shecouldn'thavedoneitwithoutBritishmathematicianCharlesBabbage．Their4startedintheearly1830s．Babbagehaddrawnupplansforadetailedand5machinehecalledtheDifferenceEngine—6，agiantmechanicalcalculator，onethatwasfarfromsimpleandrequiredcomplexengineeringtobuild．Inthemiddleofhisworkonit，theteenageLovelacemetBabbageataparty．Itwasmathematical7atfirstsight．Thetwostruckupaworkingrelationshipandeventualclosefriendshipthatwould8untilLovelace'sdeath．Babbage9hisDifferenceEnginetobrainstormanewAnalyticalEngine．Then，heshowedoffanincompleteprototypeofhismachine，butMissByronsawthatengine'strue10．TheAnalyticalEnginewasmorethanacalculator，andthefactthattheuser

11itscommandsthroughapunchcardmeanttheenginecould

12

nearlyanymathematicaltaskthatwasordered．Lovelaceevenwrote13forsolvingacomplicatedmathproblem．Manyhistorianswouldlater14thosethefirstcomputerprograms，andLovelacethefirstprogrammer．ThesecondTuesdayinOctoberhasbecomeAdaLovelaceDay，onwhichthe15ofwomentoscience，technology，engineering，andmathematicsishonored．【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述阿达·洛芙莱斯在英国数学家巴贝其的协作下，成了首位计算机程序员，其贡献深受后世尊崇。1．A．tutor B．programmerC．salesman D．accountantB

[考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“Manyhistorianswouldlater________thosethefirstcomputerprograms，andLovelacethefirstprogrammer．”可知，她被认为是第一位计算机程序员，programmer是原词复现。故选B。]√2．A．brokedown B．diedoutC．cameout D．showedupC

[考查动词短语辨析。根据上文“afullcenturybeforetoday'scomputers”以及语境可知，此处表示阿达·洛芙莱斯成为第一位计算机程序员，比当今的计算机出现早了一个世纪，cameout符合语境。故选C。]√3．A．technology B．economyC．literature D．politicsA

[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“Sheearnedherplaceinhistoryasthefirstcomputer________”可知，她是第一位计算机程序员，计算机属于科技范畴，所以她成了科技领域女性的偶像。故选A。]√4．A．settlement B．conflictC．argument D．cooperationD

[考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“Thetwostruckupaworkingrelationshipandeventualclosefriendshipthatwould________untilLovelace'sdeath．”可知，他们建立了工作关系，所以此处指他们的合作开始于19世纪30年代初。故选D。]√5．A．costly B．uniqueC．useful D．complicatedD

[考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“onethatwasfarfromsimpleandrequiredcomplexengineeringtobuild”可知，这个机器绝非简单，需要复杂的工程技术来建造，所以它是复杂的。故选D。]√6．A．fortunately B．essentiallyC．eventually D．naturallyB

[考查副词词义辨析。根据下文“agiantmechanicalcalculator”可知，这里是对差分机本质的描述，本质上它是一个巨大的机械计算器，essentially符合语境。故选B。]√7．A．love B．activityC．problem D．addictionA

[考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“Thetwostruckupaworkingrelationshipandeventualclosefriendshipthatwould________untilLovelace'sdeath．”可知，他们建立了工作关系并成为亲密的朋友，所以此处指他们对数学一见钟情，mathematicallove表示“数学之爱”。故选A。]√8．A．form B．lastC．matter D．countB

[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“untilLovelace'sdeath”可知，这种友谊一直持续到洛芙莱斯去世，last符合语境。故选B。]√9．A．abandoned B．ruinedC．challenged D．builtA

[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“tobrainstormanewAnalyticalEngine”以及语境可知，他构思了一款新的分析机，所以是放弃了原来的差分机。故选A。]√10．A．context B．potentialC．difference D．damageB

[考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“TheAnalyticalEnginewasmorethanacalculator，andthefactthattheuser______itscommandsthroughapunchcardmeanttheenginecould________nearlyanymathematicaltaskthatwasordered．”可知，分析机不仅仅是一个计算器，它几乎能执行任何数学任务，所以此处指拜伦小姐(即洛芙莱斯)看到了它的真正潜力。故选B。]√11．A．obeyed B．stoppedC．needed D．sentD

[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“itscommandsthroughapunchcard”可知，这里指该机器通过穿孔卡发送指令，sent符合语境。故选D。]√12．A．perform B．understandC．quit D．studyA

[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“nearlyanymathematicaltaskthatwasordered”可知，这里指机器能执行下达的数学任务，perform符合语境。故选A。]√13．A．suggestions B．instructionsC．translations D．experiencesB

[考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“forsolvingacomplicatedmathproblem”以及上文提到用户通过穿孔卡发送指令让机器执行任务可知，这里指她编写了解决问题的指令。故选B。]√14．A．disagree B．refuseC．consider D．denyC

[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“thosethefirstcomputerprograms，andLovelacethefirstprogrammer”可知，这里表示历史学家认为那些是第一个计算机程序，而洛芙莱斯则是第一位程序员，consider符合语境。故选C。]√15．A．secret B．humorC．beauty D．contributionD

[考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“womentoscience，technology，engineering，andmathematicsishonored”以及语境可知，在这一天女性对科学、技术、工程和数学领域的贡献得到了表彰。故选D。]√Ⅲ．构词法专练“动词＋-ment/-ence/-ance构成名词”表示“结果或状态；指向性；功能性和抽象支持作用”[构词示例]本语境：move(移动)＋-ment(过程/结果)→movement(运动)[牛刀小试]从[构词示例]中选择适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。1．Thespeakermadea(n)_________toafamousnovel，butonlyafewstudentsintheclasshadreadit．2．Theoldmanthankedthevolunteerforher__________incarryinggroceriestohisapartmentonthethirdfloor．3．Thedancer'ssmooth___________andgracefulstepsmadetheaudiencecheerloudlyattheend．4．Theteacherpraisedthestudentsfortheir_____________inimprovingtheirEnglishspeakingskills．referenceassistancemovementsachievementsPart2关键能力“对社会有突出贡献的人物”

这一主题语境在高考英语阅读理解中以立德树人、弘扬正能量为价值取向，通过呈现科学家、文化传承者、公益践行者等事迹，引导考生感悟个体对社会发展的责任担当。考查角度多元，涵盖人物生平细节、核心成就、精神品质及社会影响力，常以记叙文、说明文为载体。设题特点鲜明，细节理解题围绕人物关键事件、具体贡献设置，考查信息精准定位能力；推理判断题要求考生透过行为分析人物动机与价值观；主旨大意题聚焦人物精神内核与社会意义，选项设计注重干扰项的迷惑性。素养及能力层面，要求考生具备文本信息提取与整合能力、跨文化背景下的深层语义理解能力，以及批判性思维与文化意识，能够从人物故事中提炼普适价值。例如2025年全国一卷阅读理解D篇。(2025·全国一卷)MicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth—theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas，stuckinsidevolcanicrocks，filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow．Theyareevenappearinginsidehumans．Now，newresearchsuggeststhatasimple，cheapmeasuremaysignificantlyreducethelevelofmicroplasticsinwaterfromyourtap(水龙头)：boilingandfiltering(过滤)it．InastudypublishedWednesdayinEnvironmental

Science&Technology

Letters，researchersfromChinafoundthatboilingtapwaterforjustfiveminutes—thenfilteringitafteritcools—couldremoveatleast80percentofitsmicroplastics．Crucially，thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate(碳酸钙)totraptheplastics．Inthestudy，boilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics．Butinsampleswithlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate，boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25percent．Additionally，theresearchdidn'tincludealltypesofplastics．Theteamfocusedonlyonthreecommontypes—polystyrene，polyethyleneandpolypropylene—andtheydidn'tstudyotherchemicalspreviouslyfoundinwatersuchasvinylchloride．Still，thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposure—ataskthat'sbecomingincreasinglydifficult．Evenbottledwater，scientistsfoundearlierthisyear，contains10to1，000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought．Scientistsarestilltryingtodeterminehowharmfulmicroplasticsare—butwhattheydoknowhasraisedconcerns．Thenewstudysuggestsboilingtapwatercouldbeatooltolimitintake．“Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticsweretrappedthroughtheboilingprocesswasnice，”CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay，anenvironmentalengineerattheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch，tellsNew

Scientist．“Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics．”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出了微塑料污染的普遍性，并介绍了中国研究人员的新发现：煮沸并过滤自来水可去除水中的微塑料(效果取决于水的硬度)。1．Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagraph?A．Byquotinganexpert．B．Bydefiningaconcept．C．Bygivingexamples．D．Byprovidingstatistics．√C

[写作手法题。第一段中作者通过列举微塑料在深海、喜马拉雅山脉、火山岩石、海鸟胃里和南极洲下的雪中的存在，来呈现微塑料污染问题。因此，作者是通过举例子的方式来呈现问题的。故选C。]2．Whatdeterminestheeffectivenessoftrappingmicroplasticsinwater?A．Thehardnessofwater．B．Thelengthofcoolingtime．C．Thefrequencyoffiltering．D．Thetypeofplasticinwater．√A

[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Crucially，thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonatetotraptheplastics．”可知，水的硬度决定了聚集水中微塑料的效果。下文补充说将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬质水(hardwater)煮沸可使微塑料含量降低近90%，但将碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样本煮沸仅使微塑料含量降低了25%。因此，水的硬度是影响聚集微塑料效果的关键因素。故选A。]3．Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningbottledwaterinparagraph4?A．Theimportanceofplasticrecycling．B．Theseverityofthemicroplasticproblem．C．Thedangerinoverusingpurewater．D．Thedifficultyintreatingpollutedwater．√B

[推理判断题。根据第四段内容“Still，thefindingsshowapotentialpathforward...ataskthat'sbecomingincreasinglydifficult...contains10to1，000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought．”可知，减少微塑料接触这项任务正变得愈发艰巨，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也比最初认为的高出10至1000倍。因此，作者试图通过提到瓶装水来强调微塑料问题的严重性。故选B。]4．WhatisGauchotte-Lindsay'ssuggestionabout?A．Choiceofnewresearchmethods．B．Possibledirectionforfurtherstudy．C．Needtoinvolvemoreresearchers．D．Potentialapplicationofthefindings．√D

[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics．”可知，Gauchotte-Lindsay的建议与研究结果的潜在应用有关。故选D。]一、理文脉——掌握文章大意二、拓词汇——积累语基语料1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义)①(熟词生义/一词多义)Inthestudy，boilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics．_________________

_______________②(派生词)Still，thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposure—ataskthat'sbecomingincreasinglydifficult． _____________adj．(水质)硬的n．(数量)下降n．暴露；接触③(合成词)Evenbottledwater，scientistsfoundearlierthisyear，contains10to1，000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought．

_________④(合成词)Thenewstudysuggestsboilingtapwatercouldbeatooltolimitintake．

_________⑤(合成词/熟词生义)Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics．___________________

_______________n．微塑料n．摄取量v．升级；提高；改善n．工厂；处理厂2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思)①relyon__________②reduceby...__________③focuson______④beinvolvedin__________⑤lookinto______________依赖；依靠减少了……专注于参与；参加调查；仔细察看三、析难句——打破阅读障碍1．...theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas，stuckinsidevolcanicrocks，filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow．[分析]本句是一个简单句。havesettled是句子的谓语，句中and连接三个并列的分词短语stuckinsidevolcanicrocks、filledthestomachsofseabirds、falleninfreshAntarcticsnow作并列状语，补充说明微塑料的分布状态。[翻译]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________……它们(微塑料)已沉积在深海和喜马拉雅山脉，嵌入火山岩内部，填满海鸟的胃囊，甚至飘落在南极的新雪之中。2．Scientistsarestilltryingtodeterminehowharmfulmicroplasticsare—butwhattheydoknowhasraisedconcerns．[分析]本句是一个主从复合句。破折号前的how引导宾语从句，破折号后的what引导主语从句。[翻译]

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

科学家仍在试图确定微塑料的危害程度，但其已知信息已引发担忧。

“对社会有突出贡献的人物”

这一主题语境在高考英语写作中，以弘扬正能量、培养考生正确价值观为价值取向，引导考生关注为社会发展添砖加瓦的各类人物，传承其精神品质。在考查角度上，应用文写作常要求考生介绍此类人物的事迹、精神，或是围绕其展开书信交流、演讲稿创作等。读后续写则侧重精神传承的逻辑延展，需在情节中自然融入道德影响。其设题特点聚焦“凡人微光”与“时代楷模”的平衡，既考查对具体作为的提炼，也要求分析社会影响。核心素养层面，深度融合文化意识(理解奉献精神的普世性)、思维品质(辩证看待个人与集体关系)及语言能力(运用remarkable/beneficial等主题词汇)，体现“小叙事大情怀”的命题导向。应用文写作(2023·全国甲卷)以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿假定你是李华，你校正在组织以“在我眼中最美的人”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你用英语写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：1．人物事迹；2．产生的影响。注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；2．请按如下格式作答。TheMostBeautifulPersoninMyEyesItissuchagreatprivilegeformetodeliveraspeechtoday．_________________________________________________________________Thankyouforlistening．

参考词块1．被认作是；被视为

______________2．一位杰出的科学家

__________________________3．(针对某种疾病的)治疗方法

______________4．数百万人

____________________5．放弃

_________6．成功；做到；达成目标

___________7．在某人自己身上测试药物

_____________________________recognizedasanextraordinaryscientistthecureformillionsofpeoplegiveupmakeittestthemedicineononeself8．对……产生重大影响

________________________9．人类的幸福

_________________________10．值得被尊重

________________________haveagreatimpactonthewell-beingofpeopledeservetoberespected

实用句式1．在我眼中，屠呦呦是最美的人。__________，themostbeautifulpersonisTuYouyou．2．作为一位杰出的科学家，她与团队共同发现了疟疾的治疗方法，挽救了数百万人的生命。(过去分词作状语)_____________________________________，shediscoveredthecureformalariawithherteam，savingthelivesofmillionsofpeople．InmyeyesRecognizedasanextraordinaryscientist3．事实上，她在从中药中提取有效物质时经历了无数次失败，但从未想过放弃。(状语从句的省略)Actually，shefailedcountlesstimes________________________________________fromChinesemedicine，butsheneverthoughtaboutgivingup．4．当他们最终取得成功后，她甚至亲自试药。(时间状语从句)____________________________，sheeventestedthemedicineonherself．whileextractingtheusefulsubstanceAftertheyfinallymadeit5．她的贡献不仅对科学界影响深远，更惠及了人类福祉，尤其是那些身处困境的弱势群体。(notjust...butalso...句式)Hercontributions______________________________________________________________________________________，especiallythoseinunderprivilegedcommunities．6．无论如何，她绝对值得被尊为

“最美的人”。Anyway，________________________________________________________________．haveagreatimpactnotjustontheworldofsciencebutalsoonthewell-beingofpeopleshedefinitelydeservestoberespectedasthemostbeautifulperson

下笔成文TheMostBeautifulPersoninMyEyesItissuchagreatprivilegeformetodeliveraspeechtoday．_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyouforlistening．【参考范文】TheMostBeautifulPersoninMyEyesItissuchagreatprivilegeformetodeliveraspeechtoday．Inmyeyes，themostbeautifulpersonisTuYouyou．Recognizedasanextraordinaryscientist，shediscoveredthecureformalariawithherteam，savingthelivesofmillionsofpeople．Actually，shefailedcountlesstimeswhileextractingtheusefulsubstancefromChinesemedicine，butsheneverthoughtaboutgivingup．Aftertheyfinallymadeit，sheeventestedthemedicineonherself．Hercontributionshaveagreatimpactnotjustontheworldofsciencebutalsoonthewell-beingofpeople，especiallythoseinunderprivilegedcommunities．Anyway，shedefinitelydeservestoberespectedasthemostbeautifulperson．Thankyouforlistening．题型组合练(十八)(建议用时：45分钟总分：32.5分)Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)ASupposeIweretoaskyoutonamesomeofthegreatestnursesthattheworldhaseverknown．Inthatcase，thereisanextremeprobabilitythatyouwillmentionFlorenceNightingale，thewealthywomanwhogaveupeverythingtoservetheneedypeopleofhertimeandbecameanurse．It'ssafetosaythatFlorenceisthearchetype(典型)ofcontemporarynurses．FlorencewasbornonMay12th，1820，andherjourneytogreatnessstarted．Shewasbornintoprivilege．Shewasapolymathgeniuswhospokemultiplelanguagesandpioneeredtheconceptsofstatisticalanalysisthatarestillusedtoday．Sheevenmemorizedtheworksofphilosophyandwouldoftendebatewithherfather．Shehadtheoptionofhavingahigh-societylifeinanicebighouse，withastaffofservants．However，shecravedsomethingworthdoinginsteadoffritteringawaytimeontriv