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INDUSTRIES

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MARKETSPlasticindustryworldwideCHAPTER

01OverviewAnnualproductionofplasticsworldwidefrom1950to2023(inmillionmetrictons)Globalplasticproduction1950-20234504003503002502001501005001950

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20233Description:Theworldwideproductionofplasticsreached413.8millionmetrictonsin2023.Theversatilityofthisgroupofmaterialsaccountsforthecontinuedgrowthinproductionyearafteryear.Intandemwiththatgrowth,theꢀmarketvalueofplasticsalsocontinuestogrow.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;1950to2023Source(s):Conversio;nova-Institute;PlasticsEuropePlasticproductiongrowthworldwidecomparedtoglobalpopulationgrowthratefrom2013to2023Plasticproductiongrowthworldwidevspopulationgrowthworldwide2013-2023GlobalplasticsproductiongrowthWorldpopulationgrowth4.5%4.04%4.01%3.88%3.82%4.0%3.5%3.0%2.5%2.0%1.5%1.0%0.5%0.0%3.57%3.54%3.35%3.16%2.45%1.08%1.57%0.84%1.25%20151.19%20131.17%20141.14%20161.12%20171.1%20180.97%0.86%20210.88%20230.21%2020201920224Description:In2023,theglobalpopulationincreasedby0.88percent,whileplasticproductionincreased3.35percent.Productionreachedahighwithintheperiodin2016,amountingtoagrowthrateof4.04percent.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2013to2023Source(s):PlasticsEurope;Statista;WorldometerDistributionofglobalplasticmaterialsproductionin2023,byregionPlasticmaterialproductionshareworldwide2023,byregionJapan3%CIS**3%CentralandSouthAmerica4%MiddleEastandAfrica9%China33%Europe(EU-27+3)12%RestofAsia*19%NorthAmerica17%5Description:Chinaaccountedfor33percentofglobalplasticmaterialsproductionin2023,makingittheworld'slargestplasticproducerbyfar.TherestofAsiaaccountedforanadditional19percentwhileNorthAmericaheldanother17percentshareofglobalplasticproduction.Theꢀtotalworldwideproductionofplasticssurpassed413millionmetrictonsin2023.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2023;Basedontotalglobalproductionof413.8millionmetrictons;*IncludesAsiancountries(exceptChinaandJapan),Oceania,TurkeyandUkraine.**CommonwealthofIndependentStates:Armenia,Azerbaijan,Belarus,[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):Conversio;nova-Institute;PlasticsEuropeMarketvalueofplasticsworldwidein2023,withaforecastfor2033(inbillionU.S.dollars)Globalplasticmarketsize2023-20331,2001,00080060040020001,05071220232033*6Description:In2023,theglobalplasticsmarketwasvaluedat712billionU.S.dollars.Theplasticsmarketisprojectedtogrowinthecomingyearstoreachavalueofmorethan1,050billionU.S.dollarsby2033,registeringaCAGRoffourpercentduringtheforecastperiodof2023to2033.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2023;*ForecastbasedonafourpercentCAGRfrom2023to2033.Thesourcedoesnotspecifythedateofthesurvey.

ReadmoreSource(s):FutureMarketInsightsCHAPTER

02ProductionProductionofplasticproductsinChinafromDecember2021toDecember2024(inmillionmetrictons)ProductionofplasticproductsinChinabymonth2021-202412.511.510.59.511.178.57.957.877.497.237.56.55.56.986.986.886.926.796.666.566.526.426.396.366.328Description:InDecember2024,Chinaproducedroughly7.66millionmetrictonsofplasticproducts.SinceJanuary2020,thehighestmonthlyoutputofplasticproductswasrecordedinDecember2021,at7.95millionmetrictons.

ReadmoreNote(s):China;December2021toDecember2024;*Accordingtothesource,thedatafromJanuaryandFebruaryweregroupedtogethertocurbtheinfluenceofChineseNewYear.ChineseNewYearfallsbetweenJanuaryandFebruary.Values[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):NationalBureauofStatisticsofChinaAnnualproductionofplasticsinEuropefrom1950to2023(inmillionmetrictons)PlasticsproductioninEurope1950-2023706064.462.360.8606060.25958.958585857.7575756.155545040302010027.419.80.351950

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20239Description:PlasticsproductioninEuropetotaled54millionmetrictonsin2023,adecreaseofnearlytwomillionmetrictonsfromthepreviousyear.ThisreflectsacontinuingdeclineintheproductionofplasticinEuropesince2021.ReadmoreNote(s):Europe;1950to2023Source(s):PlasticsEuropePlasticproductionintheUnitedStatesin2023,byresin(inbillionpounds)PlasticproductionintheU.S.2023,byresinProductioninbillionpounds020406080100120140TotalLLDPE**130.1225.7HDPE**24.43Polypropylene*****Otherthermoplastics*****PVC**17.5616.6515.53LDPE**8.96Polystyrene*****EPS**3.210.85TotalselectedthermoplasticsTotalthermosets****112.9217.210Description:In2023,theUnitedStatesproduced130millionpoundsofresins.Onadryweightbasis,Linearlow-densitypolyethylene(LLDPE)wasthemostproducedresinthatyear,withanoutputof25.7billionpounds.Highdensitypolyethylene(HDPE)accountedforasimilarproductionvolume,at24.4billionpounds.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2023Source(s):AmericanChemistryCouncil;Varioussources(VaultConsulting)CHAPTER

03ConsumptionDistributionofplasticconsumptionvolumeworldwidein2022,byapplicationGlobalplasticconsumptionshare2022,byapplicationOther3%Singleuse3.5%Medicalandpersonalcare8%Transportation10%Packaging35%Constructionandinfrastructure18%Consumergoods23%12Description:In2022,thelargestshareofglobalplasticconsumptionwasattributedtopackaging,accountingfor35percentoftotalusage.Inthesameyear,eightpercentwasassignedtomedicalandpersonalcare,whilst3percentwasmadeupofawiderangeofdurableandnon-durableindustrialapplicationsamongothers.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022Source(s):DowChemical;OPISDistributionofplasticconvertersdemandinEuropein2022,bysegmentPlasticdemanddistributionintheEU-27+32022,bysegmentOthers*16%Agriculture&gardening4%Household,leisure,&sports4%Packaging39%Electrical&Electronic6%Automotive8%Building&construction23%13Description:ThepackagingsegmentaccountedforthelargestshareofplasticsconverterdemandintheEurope(EU27+3)in2022,at39percent.Thebuildingandconstructionsectorrepresentedthesecond-largestend-usemarketforplasticconvertorsthatyear,withashareof23percent.ReadmoreNote(s):Europe,EU;2022;BasedonatotalEU27+3productionof54millionmetrictonsSource(s):Conversio;PlasticsEurope(PEMRG)Demandandcapacityofpolyethyleneworldwidefrom2015to2022withaforecastto2024(inmilliontons)Globalpolyethylenedemandandcapacity2017-2024CapacityConsumption56.58070606763605654535351.549.549.548.55040302010046.5464643.5201720182019202020212022*2023**2024**14Description:Theglobaldemandforpolyethylenewasestimatedtobe53milliontonsin2022.Polyethylenedemandwasforecasttoincreaseby2024to56milliontons,whileproductioncapacitywasforecasttoriseto60milliontons.Polyethyleneisthemostconsumedpolymerworldwide,andisusedtoproduceproductssuchaspackaging.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2015to2022;*Estimate**ForecastReadmoreSource(s):Bloomberg;KrungsriResearch;StatistaestimatesDistributionofdemandforpolyvinylchloride(PVC)worldwidein2021,byend-usesectorDistributionofglobaldemandforpolyvinylchloride(PVC)2021,byend-usesectorElectrical&electronics2%Other12%Transportation2%Industry7%Rigidpackaging8%Constructionindustry60%Flexiblepackaging9%15Description:Theconstructionindustrywasthelargestconsumerofpolyvinylchloride(PVC)worldwideasof2021.Intheconstructionindustry,PVC'sdurability,versatility,andaffordabilitymakeitextremelysuitablefortheconstructionofpipes,windows,doors,fittings,andotherbuildingmaterials.Flexiblepackagingaccountedforthesecond-largestshareofglobalPVCdemandatthattime,atadistantninepercent.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2021Source(s):CeresanaDistributionofexpandedpolystyrenedemandworldwidein2022,byendusesegmentBreakdownofEPSdemandworldwidein2022Others4%Industry2%Packaging41%Construction53%16Description:Expandedpolystyrene(EPS)isusedbyavarietyofindustriesandend-uses.In2022,EPSwasmostcommonlyusedintheglobalconstructionandpackagingindustries,accountingfor53percentand41percentsharesofglobaldemand,respectivelyatthattime.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2022Source(s):CeresanaCHAPTER

04PricesPriceofpolypropyleneworldwidefrom2017to2023(inU.S.dollarspermetricton)Globalpriceofpolypropylene2017-20231,4001,2001,2851,2371,1331,1031,0649681,0008006004002000945201720182019202020212022202318Description:In2023,theglobalaveragepriceofpolypropylene(PP)was968U.S.dollarsperton–adecreaseof165U.S.dollars,comparedwiththepreviousyears.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2017to2023Source(s):Bloomberg;KrungsriResearchPriceofpolyethyleneterephthalate(PET)worldwidefrom2017to2022(inU.S.dollarspermetricton)Globalpriceofpolyethyleneterephthalate2017-20221,4001,300.41,161.91,2001,00080060040020001,065.71,038.31,026.972520172018201920202021202219Description:Theglobalpriceofpolyethyleneterephthalate(PET)in2022was1,161.9U.S.dollarspermetricton,showinganincreasefromthepreviousyear'svalueof1,065.7U.S.dollarspermetricton.PETisextensivelyusedinthetextileindustrytomakepolyesterfibers,aswellasforvariouspackagingapplicationslikebeveragebottles,foodcontainers,andpersonalcareproducts.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2017to2022Source(s):Bloomberg;KrungsriResearch;StatistaestimatesPriceofhigh-densitypolyethyleneworldwidefrom2017to2023(inU.S.dollarspermetricton)Globalpriceofhigh-densitypolyethylene2017-20231,4001,2111,2001,00080060040020001,1451,1191,106988935837201720182019202020212022202320Description:Thepriceofhigh-densitypolyethylene(HDPE)hasfluctuatedsignificantlyfrom2017to2023,reachingalowof837U.S.dollarspermetrictonin2020andahighof1,211U.S.ꢀdollarspermetrictonin2018.ꢀThepricewasshowntohaveincreasedslightlyfromthis2020minimumtoavalueof988U.S.dollarspermetrictonin2023.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2017to2023Source(s):Bloomberg;KrungsriResearchPriceofpolyvinylchlorideworldwidefrom2017to2023(inU.S.dollarspermetricton)Globalpriceofpolyvinylchloride2017-20231,6001,4001,2001,0001,4491,1159218968898608238006004002000201720182019202020212022202321Description:Theaverageglobalpriceofpolyvinylchloride(PVC)in2023was823U.S.dollarspermetricton,whichrepresentsadecreasefromthepreviousyear’saveragepriceof1,115U.S.dollarspermetricton.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2017to2023Source(s):Bloomberg;KrungsriResearchCHAPTER

05CompaniesPetrochemicalproductionofSaudiBasicIndustriesCorporation(SABIC)from2020to2023,bytype(inmillionmetrictons)SaudiBasicIndustries'petrochemicalproduction2020-2023,bytypeChemicalsPolymers40353025201510537.637.336.235.710.6710.1210.39.10202020212022202323Description:SaudiBasicIndustriesCorporation(SABIC)produced9.1millionmetrictonsofpolymersin2023.Thiswasadecreaseinproductionvolumecomparedtothepreviousyear.SABIC'sproductionofchemicalssimilarlyfellfrom37.6millionmetrictonsin2022to36.2millionmetricin2023.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2020to2023Source(s):SaudiBasicIndustriesCorporationProductionvolumeofExxonMobil'schemicalproductsfrom2020to2023,bytype(in1,000metrictons)ExxonMobil'schemicalproductproduction2020-2023,bytype202020212022202312,00010,67710,55010,19210,08610,0008,0006,0004,0002,00009,5209,1339,1749,1932,3862,3232,4462,298EthylenePolyethylenePolypropylene24Description:ExxonMobilproduced9.5millionmetrictonsofpolyethylene(PE)in2023.Thiswasaslightincreasecomparedtotheproductionvolumesin2022.Polyethyleneisthemostproducedplasticintheworld.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2020to2023;IncludesExxonMobil’sshareofequitycompaniesbutexcludesvolumesfromminorinterestsheldthroughequitysecurities.Source(s):ExxonMobilRevenueofLyondellBasellfrom2019to2023,bykeyproduct(inmillionU.S.dollars)LyondellBasell'srevenue2019-2023,bykeyproductPolyethyleneOlefins&co-productsIntermediatechemicalsPolypropyleneCompoundingandsolutionsPolypropyleneoxide&derivativesRefinedproductsOxyfuels&relatedproductsOther60,00050,00040,00030,00020,00010,00002019202020212022202325Description:LyondellBasell'spolyethyleneproductsgeneratedrevenueofapproximately7.59billionU.S.dollarsfortheyearendedDecember31,2023.LyondellBasellisoneoftheworld'slargestproducersofplasticresins.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2019to2023Source(s):LyondellBasellRevenueofDow'sPackaging&SpecialtyPlasticssegmentfrom2017to2023(inmillionU.S.dollars)Dow'sPackaging&SpecialtyPlasticssegmentrevenue2017-202335,00029,26030,00028,12824,19525,00020,00015,00010,0005,000023,14921,50420,24518,301201720182019202020212022202326Description:Dow'sPackaging&SpecialtyPlasticssegmentisthehighestrevenue-generatingsegmentofthecompany.Itconsistsoftwoglobalbusinesses:PackagingandSpecialtyPlastics,andHydrocarbons&Energy.In2023,thissegmenthadarevenueof23.15billionU.S.dollars.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2017to2023Source(s):DowChemicalSinopec'schemicalsegmentproductionfrom2021to2023,byproducttype(in1,000metrictons)Sinopec'schemicalsproduction2021-2023,bytype20212022202325,00020,00015,00010,0005,0000SyntheticresinEthyleneSyntheticfibermonomerandpolymerSyntheticrubberSyntheticfiber27Description:Sinopec'schemicalssegmentproduced20.6millionmetrictons(MMT)ofsyntheticresinin2023.Thisrepresentedanincreasecomparedtothepreviousyear.Thetwomaintypesofsyntheticresinsarethermoplasticandthermosetting.Ontheotherhand,theproductionofethyleneamountedto14.3MMT,whilesyntheticfiberwastheleastproducedat1.1MMT.ReadmoreNote(s):China;2021to2023Source(s):SinopecCHAPTER

06MarketvalueMarketvalueofpolypropyleneworldwidefrom2015to2022withaforecastfor2023to2030(inbillionU.S.dollars)Globalpolypropylenemarketvalue2015-2030180160159.87155.13150.19145.45140.93135.7214012010080130.49125.28120.94116.73114.37113109.36104.0396.5194.5604020020152016201720182019202020212022*2023*2024*2025*2026*2027*2028*2029*2030*29/statistics/858659/global-polypropylene-market-value-projectionsIn2022,theglobalpolypropylenemarketwasvaluedat120.94billionU.S.dollars.TheglobalpolypropylenemarketvalueisexpectedtogrowataCAGRof3.5percentduringtheforecastperiodof2022to2030toreachavalueof159.87billionU.S.dollars.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2015to2022;*ForecastbasedonaCAGRof3.5percentduringtheforecastperiod2023-2030ReadmoreSource(s):AgileIntelResearch(ChemIntel360)Marketvalueofpolyethyleneworldwidefrom2015to2022,withaforecastfor2023to2030(inbillionU.S.dollars)Globalmarketvalueofpolyethylene2015-2030250205.29200.73196.17191.42200187.42182.24177.35172.22168.04164.15161.18

159.89156.18151.38146.53141.98150100500201520162017201820192020202120222023*2024*2025*2026*2027*2028*2029*2030*30Description:In2022,themarketvalueofthethermoplasticpolyethylenewasroughly168billionU.S.dollarsworldwide.By2030,theglobalmarketvalueofpolyethyleneisexpectedtorisetonearly205.29billionU.S.dollars.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2015to2022;*Forecast.ReadmoreSource(s):AgileIntelResearch(ChemIntel360)Marketvalueofhigh-densitypolyethylene(HDPE)worldwidein2023and2032(inbillionU.S.dollars)HDPEmarketsizeworldwide2023-232120113.2410079.5380604020020232032*31Description:Theglobalhigh-densitypolyethylenemarketwasvaluedat79.53billionU.S.dollarsin2023.TheHPDEmarketisexpectedtoexperienceaCAGRoffourpercentduringtheforecastperiodof2023to2032toreachavalueofalmost113.24billionU.S.dollars.GlobalHDPEproductionisprojectedtoreach53.62millionmetrictonsby2025.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2023;*CAGRof4%intheforecastperiodof2024-2032.ReadmoreSource(s):EMRMarketvalueofpolyethyleneterephthalateworldwidefrom2015to2022,withaforecastfor2023to2030(inbillionU.S.dollars)GlobalmarketvalueofPET2015-2030504543.2641.8540.6439.3240353025201510538.0636.8135.7334.7333.5132.3531.9431.4329.728.0726.5324.390201520162017201820192020202120222023*2024*2025*2026*2027*2028*2029*2030*32Description:Theglobalpolyethyleneterephthalate(PET)marketwasvaluedat33.51billionU.S.dollarsin2022.TheglobalPETmarketisexpectedtoreachavalueof43.26billionU.S.dollarsby2029,registeringaCAGRof3.2percentduringtheforecastperiodof2

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