机构研究报告-United Kingdom-外文版培训课件

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REGIONSUnitedKingdomCHAPTER

01DemographicsEstimatedpopulationoftheUnitedKingdomfrom1871to2023PopulationoftheUK1871-202375,000,00070,000,00065,000,00060,000,00055,000,00050,000,00045,000,00040,000,00035,000,00030,000,00025,000,0004Description:In2023,thepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomreached68.3million,comparedwith67.6millionin2022.TheUKpopulationhasmorethandoubledsince1871whenjustunder31.5millionlivedintheUKandhasgrownbyaround8.2millionsincethestartofthetwenty-firstcentury.Formostofthetwentiethcentury,theUKpopulationsteadilyincreased,withtwonoticeabledropsinpopulationoccurringduringWorldWarOne(1914-1918)andinWorldWarTwo(1939-1945).ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1871to2023Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)PopulationoftheUnitedKingdomfrom1937to2023,bygenderPopulationoftheUK1937-2023,bygenderFemalesMales40,000,00035,000,00030,000,00025,000,00020,000,00015,000,0005Description:In2023,thepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomwasaround68.3million,withapproximately34.5millionwomenand33.1millionmen.Since1953,themalepopulationoftheUKhasgrownbyaround9.1million,whilethefemalepopulationhasincreasedbyapproximately8.5million.Throughoutthisprovidedtimeperiod,thefemalepopulationoftheUKhasconsistentlyoutnumberedthemalepopulation.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1937to2023Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)PopulationoftheUnitedKingdomin2023,byagePopulationoftheUK2023,byage1,200,0001,000,000800,000600,000400,000200,00006Description:In2023,therewereestimatedtobe956,116peoplewhowereaged35intheUnitedKingdom,themostofanyageinthisyear.Thetwolargestꢀagegroupsduringthisyearwere30-34,and35to39,at4.7millionand4.64millionpeoplerespectively.Thereisalsoanoticeablespikeof693,679peoplewhowereaged76,whichisduetothehighnumberofbirthsthatfollowedintheaftermathoftheSecondWorldWar.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2023Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)EstimatedpopulationoftheUnitedKingdomin2023,bycountryPopulationoftheUK2023,bycountryEstimatedmid-yearpopulation010,000,00020,000,00030,000,00040,000,00050,000,00060,000,00057,690,30070,000,000EnglandScotland5,490,100Wales3,164,404NorthernIreland1,920,3827Description:TheUKpopulationwas68.3millionin2023,with57.69millionpeoplelivinginEngland,byfarthemostpopulousconstituentcountryoftheUK.Inthisyear,ꢀScotland,Wales,andNorthernIrelandhadpopulationsof5.5million,3.16million,and1.92millionrespectively.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2023Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)PopulationoftheUnitedKingdomin2023,byregionPopulationoftheUK2023,byregionEstimatedmid-yearpopulationSouthEastLondon9,482,5078,945,309NorthWestEast7,600,1266,468,6656,085,6875,811,2595,594,1255,490,1004,991,265WestMidlandsSouthWestYorkshireAndTheHumberScotlandEastMidlandsWales3,164,4042,711,380NorthEastNorthernIreland1,920,3828Description:ThepopulationoftheUnitedKingdomin2023wasestimatedtobeapproximately68.3millionin2023,withalmost9.48millionpeoplelivinginSouthEastEngland.Londonhadthenexthighestpopulation,atover8.9millionpeople,followedbytheNorthWestEnglandat7.6million.WiththeUK'spopulationgenerallyconcentratedinEngland,mostEnglishregionshavelargerpopulationsthantheconstituentcountriesofScotland,Wales,andNorthernIreland,whichhadpopulationsof5.5[...]ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2023Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)CrudebirthrateintheUnitedKingdomfrom1938to2021CrudebirthrateintheUK1938-2021232119171513119759Description:In2021thelivebirthrateoftheUnitedKingdomfellto10.4birthsper1,000population,thelowestithadbeenduringthistimeperiod.TheUK'sbirthratehasbeendecliningsteadilysince2010whenthebirthratewas12.9birthsper1,000population.After1938,theyearwiththehighestbirthrateintheUKwas1947,whenthecrudebirthratewas21.2birthsper1,000population.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1938to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)TotalfertilityrateintheUnitedKingdomfrom1961to2021TotalfertilityrateintheUK1961-20213.53.02.52.01.51.0196119631965196719691971197319751977197919811983198519871989199119931995199719992001200320052007200920112013201520172019202110Description:In2021,thetotalfertilityrate,intheUnitedKingdomfellto1.53birthsperwoman,comparedwith1.56in2020.Thefertilityrateinthemostrecentyearisthelowestinthisprovidedtimeperiod,andfarbelowthepeakof2.65birthsperwomanrecordedin1964.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1961to2021;*Thetotalfertilityrate(TFR)istheaveragenumberoflivechildrenthatagroupofwomenwouldbeariftheyexperiencedtheage-specificfertilityratesofthecalendarReadmoreSource(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)CrudedeathrateintheUnitedKingdomfrom1953to2021DeathrateintheUK1953-202112.512.011.511.010.510.09.59.08.58.011Description:Between1953and2021,thedeathrateoftheUnitedKingdomfluctuatedbetweenahighof12.2deathsper1,000peoplein1962andalowof8.7in2011.From2011onwards,thedeathratecreepedupslightlyand,in2020,reached10.3deathsper1,000people.In2021,themostrecentyearprovidedhere,thedeathratewasten,adeclinefrom2020butstillhigherthaninalmosteveryyearinthetwenty-firstcentury.Therecentspikeinthedeathratecorrespondstotheemergenceofthe[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1953to2021Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)LifeexpectancyatbirthintheUnitedKingdomfrom1980/82to2020/22,bygenderLifeexpectancyintheUK1980-2022,bygenderMaleFemale858381797775737169676512Description:In2022lifeexpectancyforbothmalesandfemalesatbirthfellwhencomparedto2021.Malelifeexpectancyfellfrom78.71yearsto78.57years,andfrom82.68yearsto82.57yearsforwomen.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1980to2022Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)Long-termmigrationfiguresintheUnitedKingdomfrom1964to2024(in1,000s)Long-termmigrationfiguresintheUK1964-2024ImmigrationEmigrationNetmigration1,4001,2001,0008006004002000-20013Description:FortheyearendingJune2024,approximately1.2millionpeoplemigratedtotheUnitedKingdom,while479,000peoplemigratedfromtheUK,resultinginanetmigrationfigureof728,000.TherehaveconsistentlybeenmorepeoplemigratingtotheUnitedKingdomthanleavingitsince1993whenthenetmigrationfigurewasnegative1,000.AlthoughmigrationfromtheEuropeanUnionhasdeclinedsincetheBrexitvoteof2016,migrationfromnon-EUcountriesacceleratedrapidlyfrom2021[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1964to2024Source(s):HouseofCommons;OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)CHAPTER

02EconomyGrossdomesticproductoftheUnitedKingdomfrom1948to2023(inmillionGBP)GDPoftheUK1948-20233,000,0002,500,0002,000,0001,500,0001,000,000500,000015Description:ThegrossdomesticproductoftheUnitedKingdomin2023wasjustunder2.54trillionBritishpounds,aslightincreasewhencomparedtothepreviousyear.ThesignificantdropinGDPbetween2019and2020wasbroughtaboutbytheCOVID-19pandemicandsubsequentlockdowns,whichcausedseveredamagetomanyindustries,particularlyintheservicesectoruponwhichtheUKeconomyisheavilyreliant.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1948to2023Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)AnnualgrowthofgrossdomesticproductintheUnitedKingdomfrom1949to2023AnnualGDPgrowthintheUK1949-202310%5%0%-5%-10%-15%16Description:TheUnitedKingdom'seconomygrewby0.4percentin2023,afteragrowthrateof4.8percentin2022.8.6percentin2021,andarecord10.3percentdeclinein2020.Duringtheprovidedtimeperiod,thebiggestannualfallingrossdomesticproductbefore2020occurredin2009,whentheUKeconomycontractedby4.6percentattheheightoftheglobalfinancialcrisisofthelate2000s.Between1949and2020,theyearwiththehighestannualGDPgrowthratewas1973,whentheUK[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1949to2023Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)UnemploymentrateintheUnitedKingdomfromJanuary2000toNovember2024UnemploymentrateoftheUK2000-20249.0%8.0%7.0%6.0%5.0%4.0%3.0%Jan

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2417Description:TheunemploymentrateoftheUnitedKingdomwas4.4percentinNovember2024,upfrom4.3percentinthepreviousmonth.BeforethearrivaloftheCOVID-19pandemic,theUKhadrelativelylowlevelsofunemployment,comparablewiththemid-1970s.BetweenJanuary2000andthemostrecentmonth,unemploymentwashighestinNovember2011whentheunemploymentratehit8.5percent.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;January2000toNovember2024;16yearsandolderSource(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)NumberofpeopleemployedintheUnitedKingdomfromJanuary2000toNovember2024(in1,000s)NumberofpeopleemployedintheUK2000-202434,50033,50032,50031,50030,50029,50028,50027,50026,50018Description:Therewerejustunder33.3millionpeopleemployedintheUnitedKingdominthethreemonthstoNovember2024.Thisrepresentedapeakforthenumberofpeopleemployedinthecountryduringthisprovidedtimeperiod.Ingeneral,thenumberofpeopleemployedhasconsistentlyincreased,withnoticeabledipsinemploymentoccurringin2008duetotheglobalfinancialcrisis,andin2020duetotheCOVID-19pandemic,ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;

January2000toNovember2024;16yearsandolderSource(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)Medianannualearningsforfull-timeemployeesintheUnitedKingdomfrom1999to2024(innominalGBP)Averageannualearningsforfull-timeemployeesintheUK1999-202440,00035,00034,96331,28530,37830,00028,75927,61527,01126,24425,80624,04325,00020,00015,00022,88821,12419,72217,8031999

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202419Description:Themedianannualearningsforfull-timeemployeesintheUnitedKingdomwasapproximately37,430Britishpoundsin2024,comparedwith34,963poundsinthepreviousyear.Atthestartoftheprovidedtimeperiod,in1999,theaveragefull-timesalaryintheUKwas17,803poundsperyear,withmedianearningsexceeding20,000poundsperyearin2002,and30,000by2019.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1999to2024Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)Averageyear-on-yeargrowthofweeklyearnings(3-month-average)intheUnitedKingdomfromMarch2001toNovember2024AverageweeklyearninggrowthintheUK2001-2024TotalPay(Nominal)RegularPay(Nominal)TotalPay(Real)RegularPay(Real)10%8%6%4%2%0%-2%-4%-6%-8%20Description:WagesintheUnitedKingdomgrewbyapproximately5.6percentinNovember2024,althoughwhenadjustedforinflation,wagesonlygrewinrealtermsby2.5percent.Whenbonuspayisincludedinwagegrowthcalculations,wagesalsogrewby5.6percentinnominalterms,andby2.4percentinrealterms.ThiswastheeighteenthstraightmonthofweeklywagegrowthintheUK,followingalengthyperiodofshrinkingwages.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;March2001toNovember2024Source(s):OfficeforNationalStatistics(UK)PublicsectornetdebtexpressedasapercentageofGDPintheUnitedKingdomfrom1900/01to2029/30NationaldebtasapercentageofGDPintheUK1900-2030PublicsectornetdebtPublicsectornebtdebt(excludingBankofEngland)300%250%200%150%100%50%0%21Description:Publicsectornetdebtamountedto88.9percentofgrossdomesticproductintheUnitedKingdomduringthe2023/24financialyear,risingto97.8percentwhentheBankofEnglandisincluded.Thisisthehighestdebtincurredbythegovernmentsincetheearly1960s.Afterpeakingat251.7percentshortlyaftertheendoftheSecondWorldWar,governmentdebtintheUKgraduallyfell,beforeasharpincreaseinthelate2000satthetimeoftheglobalfinancialcrisis.

ReadmoreNote(s):1900to2030;*ForecastdataReadmoreSource(s):OfficeforBudgetResponsibilityNumberofprivatesectorbusinessesintheUnitedKingdomfrom2000to2024(inmillions)NumberofprivatesectorbusinessesintheUK2000-20247655.985.875.695.675.595.565.55.515.55.45.254.914.824.594.484.384.27

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202422Description:In2024,therewereapproximately5.5millionprivatebusinessesoperatingintheUnitedKingdom,aslightdecreasewhencomparedwiththepreviousyear,anddownfromapeakof5.98millionbusinessesreportedin2020.Therehasbeenanetincreaseofaround2.03millionbusinessenterprisessince2000,whentherewere3.47million.Duringtheprovidedtimeperiod,thelargestannualriseinthenumberofbusinessesoccurredbetween2013and2014,whichsawanetincreaseof[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2000to2024Source(s):DepartmentforBusiness,InnovationandSkills;GOV.UKLargestcompaniesbasedintheUnitedKingdombyrevenuein2024(inbillionUSdollars)LargestcompaniesbasedintheUKbyrevenue2024RevenueinbillionUSdollars150050100200250300350ShellBP289.7202.8HSBCHoldingsTesco144.985.3UnileverLegal&GeneralGroupRioTinto64.555.95447.643.240.9AstraZenecaAvivaJSainsburyLyondellBaselIndustriesCompassGroupStandardChartered40.640.140.123Description:ShellhadthehighestannualrevenueofallcompaniesbasedintheUnitedKingdomin2024,atapproximately289.7billionU.S.dollars.BPhadthesecond-highestannualrevenueat202.8billiondollars,followedbyHSBCHoldings,whichhadarevenueof144.9billionU.S.dollars.Intermsofglobalemployeenumbers,however,CompassGrouphadthehighestnumberamongUK-basedbusinesses,atapproximatelyhalfamillionin2024,followedbyTescoat345,000andHSBCatalmost[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2024Source(s):ForbesLargestcompaniesbasedintheUnitedKingdomonnumberofemployeesworldwidein2024LargestcompaniesbasedintheUKbynumberofglobalemployees2024Numberofemployeesworldwide200,000

300,0000100,000400,000500,000600,000CompassGroupTesco500,000345,000HSBCHoldingsAssociatedBritishFoodsUnilever213,978133,000128,000WPP114,000JSainsburyShellVodafone111,900106,000104,00099,000BTGroupBarclaysStandardCharteredAstraZeneca92,40084,95883,50024Description:CompassGrouphadbyfarthehighestnumberofglobalemployeesamongcompaniesbasedintheUnitedKingdomasof2024,atapproximately500,000employees.Tescohadthesecond-highestnumberofemployeesat345,000,followedbyHSBCHoldingswhichhad213,978employees.Asofthesameyear,HSBCHoldingshadanannualrevenueof144.9billionU.S.dollars,thethird-highestamongUK-basedcompanies.TheoilandgasgiantShellhadthehighestannualrevenueat289.7[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2024Source(s):ForbesCHAPTER

03PoliticsNumberofseatswoninthegeneralelectionintheUnitedKingdomin2024NumberofseatswonintheUKgeneralelection2024Projectednumberofseatswon150

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250050100300350400450LabourConservativesLiberalDemocratsSNP412121729SinnFéinIndependentsReformUKDUP7655Greens4PlaidCymruSDLP42AlliancePartyUUP111TUV26Description:TheConservativepartysufferedalandslidedefeatinthe2024GeneralElection,withthecenter-leftLabourPartywinning412seats,andtheConservativesjust121seats.With326seatsneededforamajoritygovernment,thiswasacrushingdefeatfortheConservativeParty,andtheendoftheir14yearsinpower.Despitewinningaclearmajorityofseats,Labourwonjust33.7percentofthevote,justaheadoftheConservativeson23.7percent,andtheReformPartyon14.3percent.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;July4,2024;18yearsandolder;BritishadultsSource(s):BBCNumberofseatswoningeneralelectionsUnitedKingdomfrom1918to2024,bypoliticalpartyNumberofseatswoningeneralelectionsintheUK1918-2024ConservativeLabourLiberalDemocratsSNPPlaidCyrmuOther800700600500400300200100027Description:TheLabourPartywon412seatsinthe2024generalelection,ending14yearsofConservativerule,aftertheywonjust121seats.Between1918and2024,therehavebeen29electionsintheUnitedKingdom,resultingin13Conservativegovernments,12Labourgovernments,andfournationalorcoalitiongovernments.TheConservativePartywonthemostseatsinthe1931generalelectionsat522,bycomparison,theLabourPartywon418seatsinthe1997generalelections,[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1918to2019Source(s):BBC;ParliamentoftheUnitedKingdomVoterturnoutingeneralelectionsandintheBrexitreferendumintheUnitedKingdomfrom1918to2024VoterturnoutinUKelections1918-202490%83.9%85%77.7%80%77.1%76.8%76.3%72.8%72.7%75%72%72.2%71.1%71.1%70%67.3%65.1%65%59.4%60%

57.2%55%50%28Description:IntheUK'sgeneralelectionof2024voterturnoutwasestimatedtohavebeen60percent,thelowestturnoutsince2001,whenitwas59.4percent.ꢀBetween1922and1997voterturnoutneverfellbelow70percent,butin2001itdroppedtojust59.4percent.Sincethatlowpoint,voterturnouthasgraduallyrecoveredandreached72.2percentintheBrexitReferendumof2016,whichisstillsomewayoffthepeakof83.9percentrecordedinthe1950GeneralElection.Thetrendoflowvoter[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;1918to2024;*Provisionalturnoutforthe2024generalelectionturnoutwasobtainedviatheBBC.ReadmoreSource(s):BBC;HouseofCommonsVotingintentionsinageneralelectionintheUnitedKingdomfromJuly2017toFebruary2025VotingintentionintheUnitedKingdom2017-2025ConservativesLabourLiberalDemocratsReformUKGreenParty60%50%40%30%20%10%0%29Description:AsofFebruary2025,approximately24percentofpeopleintheUKwouldvoteforthegoverningLabourPartyinapotentialgeneralelection,justbehindtheReformPartyon25percent,withtheConservativesthirdon21percent.Sincereturningtopower,supportfortheLabourPartyhasfallenconsiderably,withthegovernment'ssinkingꢀapprovalratingapproachingtheunpopularityofthepreviousgovernment.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;July2017toFebruary2025;2,465***;18yearsandolder;*NewmethodologyfromJune2024basedonMRP(Multi-levelRegressionandPost-stratification)model**PleasenotethegapinthetimeseriesbetweenJuly2024[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):YouGov"Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkarethemostimportantissuesfacingthecountryatthistime?"(June2018toFebruary2025)MostimportantissuesfacingBritain2018-2025EconomyBrexitImmigrationHealthEnvironmentCrimeEducationHousingDefence80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%30Description:Theeconomywasseenby55percentofpeopleintheUKasoneofthemainissuesfacingthecountryinFebruary2025.TheongoingcostoflivingcrisisafflictingtheUK,drivenbyhighinflation,isstilloneofthemainconcernsofBritons.Healthhasgenerallybeenthesecondmostimportantissuesinceearly2022,possiblyduetoNHSstaffingproblems,andincreasingdemandforhealthservices,whichhaveplungedtheNationalHealthServiceintoadeepcrisis.Fromlate2022onwards,[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(GreatBritain);June2018toFebruary2025;1,611-3,326;18yearsandolder;BritishadultsSource(s):YouGovWhichofthefollowingdoyouthinkwouldmakethebestPrimeMinister?(April2020toFebruary2025)PrimeMinisterpreferenceintheUnitedKingdom2020-2025KeirStarmerBorisJohnsonLizTrussRishiSunakKemiBadenoch50%45%40%35%30%25%20%15%10%5%31Description:AsofFebruary2025,31percentofpeopleinGreatBritainthoughtthatKeirStarmerwasbetterforthejobofPrimeMinisterthantheLeaderoftheOpposition,KemiBadenoch,with20percentbelievingshewouldbebetterforthejob.AlthoughStarmeriscurrentlyseenasbettersuitedforthejobasPrimeMinister,theapprovalratingsforhisgovernmenthavedeclinedconsiderablysincewinningtheelection,sinkingtoalowof-48percentinJanuary2025.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(GreatBritain);October2022toFebruary2025;2,178respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):YouGovNetapprovalratingofthegovernmentoftheUnitedKingdomfromJuly2022toFebruary2025,bygovernmentNetapprovalratingforthegovernmentoftheUK2022-2025LabourgovernmentConservativegovernment10%0%-10%-20%-30%-40%-50%-60%-70%-80%-90%32Description:AsofFebruary9,2025,thenetapprovalratingoftheLabourgovernmentintheUnitedKingdomstoodat-48percent,anewlowforthecurrentgovernment.ThepreviousConservativegovernment'snetapprovalratingwas-56percentjustbeforethe2024GeneralElection,withalowof-76percentrecordedinOctober2022.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;July3,2022toFebruary9,2025;1,521to3,326;18yearsandolder;GBadultsSource(s):YouGovDoyouthinkBritainshouldcontinuetohaveamonarchyinthefuture,orshoulditbereplacedwithanelectedheadofstate?(August2024)SupportfortheBritishmonarchy2024,byagegroupSupporttheMonarchySupportforanelectedheadofstateDon'tknow120%100%80%60%40%20%0%7%5%10%25%12%31%23%43%12%19%82%74%65%57%35%18-2425-4950-6465+Overall33Description:AlthoughtheBritishmonarchyissupportedbyapluralityofpeopleacrossmostagegroupsinGreatBritain,itisamongover65year-old'swherethelevelissupportishighestat82percent.Youngeragegroupsareprogressivelymorelikelytoopposethemonarchy,with43percentof18-24yearold'soptinginsteadforanelectedheadofstate.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(GreatBritain);August14-15,2024;2,020respondents;18yearsandolder;GBadultsSource(s):YouGov"Inhindsight,doyouthinkBritainwasrightorwrongtovotetoleavetheEuropeanUnion?"(January2020toJanuary2025)ShareofpeoplewhothinkBrexitwastherightorwrongdecision2020-2025RighttoleaveWrongtoleaveDon'tKnow70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%34Description:AsofJanuary2025,55percentofpeopleinGreatBritainthoughtthatitwaswrongtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,comparedwith30percentwhothoughtitwastherightdecision.Duringthistimeperiod,theshareofpeoplewhoregretBrexithasbeenslightlyhigherthanthosewhosupportit,exceptforsomepollsinSpring2021,whichshowedhigherlevelsofsupportforBrexit.Theshareofpeoplewhodon’tknowwhetherBrexitwastherightorwrongdecisionhasgenerallybeenstable[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom(GreatBritain);January2020toJanuary2025;2,225respondents;18yearsandolder;GBAdultsSource(s):YouGovResultsoftheBrexitreferendumofJune23,2016,bypercentageofvotescastResultoftheBrexitreferendum2016,bypercentageofvotes60%51.9%48.1%50%40%30%20%10%0%RemainLeave35Description:TheUnitedKingdomvotedtoleavetheEuropeanUnionintheBrexitreferendumthattookplaceonJune23,2016.Overall,51.9percentofpeoplevotedtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,comparedwith48.1percentofpeoplewhooptedtoremain.Ofthe33.57millionpeoplewhovotedinthereferendum,17.4millionvotedtoleaveand16.1millionvotedtoremain.Thisrepresentedquiteahighturnoutof72.2percent,thehighestvoterturnoutinaUK-wideelectionsincethe1992GeneralElection.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;June23,2016Source(s):TheElectoralCommissionCHAPTER

04EducationNumberofschoolsintheUnitedKingdomfrom2010/11to2023/24NumberofschoolsintheUK2010-202432,85032,75032,75032,65032,51832,55032,45032,35032,25032,15032,05031,95032,40132,32332,22632,17532,17232,16332,14932,13032,10232,10632,06532,0282010/11

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2023/2437Description:Inthe2023/24academictherewere32,149schoolsintheUnitedKingdom,601schoolsfewerthantherewereinthe2010/11academicyear.Throughoutmostofthisperiod,therehasbeenasteadydeclineinthenumberofschools,withaslightupticknoticeableafter2019/20,whentherewerejust32,028schools.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2010to2024Source(s):UKDepartmentforEducationNumberofpupilsattendingschoolsintheUnitedKingdomfrom2010/11to2023/24(inmillions)NumberofpupilsattendingschoolsintheUK2010-202410.910.710.510.310.110.710.6310.6210.5310.4910.4210.3310.2510.1410.029.919.99.799.719.659.79.52010/11

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2023/2438Description:Therewereapproximately10.63millionpupilsattendingschoolsintheUnitedKingdomin2023/24,comparedwith10.7millioninthepreviousyearand9.65millionin2010/11.Readmo