2027步步高大一轮复习英语外研版选择性必修第三册　Unit 5　Learning from nature

大一轮复习Learningfromnature选择性必修第三册Unit5内容索引排查基础知识突破核心考点提升主题写作单元主题组合练排查基础知识PartOne1.lotus

n. 莲花，荷花2.termite

n. 白蚁3.mound

n. 土堆，土丘4.algae

n. 藻类(植物)5.pinecone

松果，松球6.tile

n. 瓦片7.mimic

v. 模仿8.waterfront

n. 滨水地区9.promenade

n. 滨海步行道Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意10.plumbing

n. 管道系统11.biomimicry

n. 仿生学12.dioxide

n. 二氧化物13.convert

v. 使转变；使转换14.frontier

n. (学科的)知识前沿15.pond

n. 池塘16.echo-location

n. 回声定位17.radar

n. 雷达18.swimsuit

n. 游泳衣Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意19.dragonfly

n. 蜻蜓20.drone

n. 无人驾驶飞机21.spider

n. 蜘蛛22.superficially

adv. 表面(上)地23.cottage

n. 乡村小屋24.lane

n. (乡间的)小路；车道；跑道25.atop

prep. 在……顶上26.mulberry

n. 桑葚；桑树Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1.superb

adj.极好的，出色的2.sow

v.播(种)3.bat

n.蝙蝠；球棒

v.用球板击球；拍打4.physician

n.医生5.bow

v.鞠躬；低下(头)

n.弓；鞠躬；蝴蝶结6.rural

adj.农村的，乡村的7.decent

adj.可接受的，相当好的

；正派的Ⅱ.拼写单词——记形8.ease

n.舒适，悠闲

；容易

v.减轻，缓解

；使容易；(使)小心翼翼地移动9.attain

v.得到，获得Ⅱ.拼写单词——记形1.wisdom

n.智慧→wise

adj.有智慧的，高明的→unwise

adj.不明智的→wisely

adv.明智地2.deliberately

adv.故意地；不慌不忙地，从容不迫地→deliberate

adj.故意的，有意的；不慌不忙的3.withdraw

v.退出；撤退；取钱

；收回(发言、意见等)→withdrawal

n.收回；撤退Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变4.purity

n.纯洁；洁净→pure

adj.纯洁的，纯净的；完全的，十足的→purify

v.使纯净，净化5.botanical

adj.植物(学)的→botany

n.植物学→botanist

n.植物学家6.architect

n.建筑师→architecture

n.建筑学，建筑设计Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变7.depart

v.离开，启程→departure

n.离开，启程8.employ

v.使用，运用；雇用；利用(时间、精力等)→employer

n.雇主，老板→employee

n.雇工，雇员→employment

n.雇用；工作；职业→unemployed

adj.失业的9.fulfilment

n.满足(感)→fulfil(l)

v.履行；实现；完成Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变10.evaluate

v.评估，评价→evaluation

n.评估11.resign

v.辞职；使自己顺从于(做)某事；安于→resignation

n.辞职；辞职信；顺从；听任12.reluctant

adj.不情愿的；勉强的→reluctance

n.不情愿，勉强13.domestic

adj.家养的；家庭的；国内的→domestically

adv.在国内；国内地；家庭式地Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变14.depressive

adj.抑郁的→depress

v.将(某物)压下；使抑郁→depressed

adj.沮丧的→depression

n.抑郁；沮丧；萧条期15.reject

v.拒绝接受→rejection

n.拒绝Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变词根press/ject1.词根press的含义是“挤压”。如depressive＝de(向下)＋press(挤压)＋ive(形容词后缀)→向下挤压的→抑郁的，impress＝im(进)＋press(挤压)→印入头脑→给……留下深刻印象。2.词根ject的含义是“扔，抛”。如reject＝re(相反，反对)＋ject(扔)→反对扔→拒绝。积累

——构词法

学一法会一类(1)Shewasunabletosuppressherangerwhensheheardthenews.(2)Hesaidwithdetermination，“Neveroppressherfreedomandherbeauty.”(3)Thetheaterusesadvancedtechnologytoprojectarealisticstarryskyontotheceiling.(4)WhenIbringupthequestionoffu nd，hequicklyinterjectsthatithasbeensettled.(5)Theywillgetinfectedwithoutknowinghowtoinjectcorrectly.____________________________________________抑制，控制压迫，欺压投射插话；插嘴注射1.take...forgranted 认为……理所当然2.seeksolutionsto 寻求解决办法3.takeinspirationfrom 从……中获取灵感4.ateasewith 不拘束，放松5.o

使……转变为6.respondto 响应；对……作出反应；回答Ⅳ.背核心短语7.inreturnfor 作为对……的回报8.draw...from... 从……中得到……9.beopposedto 反对10.withdrawfrom 从……撤出/退出11.inotherwords 换句话说12.resignoneselfto 听任/顺从/只好接受某事Ⅳ.背核心短语1.Thebuildingwasdesignedtoshowtheconnectionbetweennatureandthemoderncityenvironmentinwhichitsits.(“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句)这座建筑旨在展示自然和它所处的现代城市环境之间的联系。2.ZimbabweanarchitectMickPearcewasinspiredtocreatetheCentrewhilewatchinganaturedocumentaryinwhichtermiteswereconstructingtheirnests.(状语从句的省略)津巴布韦建筑师米克•皮尔斯在观看一部白蚁筑巢的自然纪录片时受到启发，从而设计了东门大厦。Ⅴ.悟经典句式3.WhileTao’sreturntonaturewasareactiontoalifestylehewasopposedto，Thoreau’swasapersonaldecisiontotransformthewayhelived.(while连接并列句，表对比)陶渊明回归自然是对他反对的生活方式做出的一种反应，而梭罗则是出于个人决定而改变自己的生活方式。4.Weshouldlivewiththeminharmonyandenjoynature’sgifts，ashedescribesinhisjournals...(as引导定语从句)我们应该和它们和谐相处，享受大自然的恩赐，正如他在日记中所描述的那样……Ⅴ.悟经典句式(2025•北京)DeterminedtofollowmyinstinctsonwhatIfeltsuccessmeans，IonlychosetwoclassesthatIknewIwouldenjoy.[句式分析]本句是

句。Determinedto...means为形容词短语作

，其中what引导

从句，作介词on的宾语，并在从句中作宾语。主句为Ionlychosetwoclasses；that引导

从句，修饰先行词twoclasses，并在从句中充当

，该从句中Iknew是插入语。主从复合体验

——析真题长句知高考难度[尝试翻译]

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________下定决心遵从自己内心对“成功意义”的本能认知，我只选了两门我知道自己会喜欢的课程。返回原因状语宾语定语宾语突破核心考点PartTwoWeoftentakenature’sgiftsforgranted—freshair，greentrees，orgentlerains，whilewerarelystoptolearnfromitswisdom.Whenstormshit，treesbendtorespondtostrongwindsinsteadoffightingthem，whicheasestheirriskofbreaking.Manyarchitectsnowemploythisideatodesignbuildingsthatcanwithstanddisasters.Natureteachesustoadapt，nottoresist;ifwelistenclosely，itsquietlessonswillguideustolivemorewisely.•employsbtodo...雇用某人做……employ...as...雇用……当……•outofemployment失业1v.使用，运用；雇用；利用(时间、精力等)(unemployedadj.失业的employern.雇主，老板employeen.雇工，雇员employmentn.雇用；工作；职业，就业)employemployoneselfindoingsthbeemployedindoingsth从事于……，忙于……(1)Toease

pressure，thegovernmentencourages___________todevelopemergingindustrysoastoemploymore

.(employ)(2)(祝贺信)得知你被聘为一所农村学校的助教，我写信向你致以诚挚的祝贺。在我看来，你工作再怎么努力都不为过，否则你就会失业。Learningthatyou

inaruralschool，Iamwritingtosendmysincerecongratulationstoyou.Inmyopinion，youcan’tworkhardenough；otherwiseyou_______________________

.employmentemployersemployeesareemployedasateachingassistantwouldbeunemployed/outofemployment(3)(2023•新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我每天忙着准备写作比赛，抽不出时间来玩。①I___________________________________________________________

andIcouldn’tspareanytimetoplayaround.②________________________________________________________________

，Icouldn’tspareanytimetoplayaround.(运用分词短语作状语)employedmyselfin/wasemployedinpreparingforthewritingcompetitiononadailybasisEmployingmyselfin/Employedinpreparingforthewritingcompetitiononadailybasisn.舒适，悠闲；容易v.减轻，缓解；使容易；(使)小心翼翼地移动ease•easesbof...减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等)•withease容易地；不费力地atease(with)放松；不拘束put/setsbatease使某人放松/自在takeone’sease休息；放松一下2(1)(2022•新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)大卫起初既害怕又紧张，但我的鼓励的话语使他放松下来，他抬起头朝起跑线走去。Davidwasfrightenedandnervousatthebeginningbut_______________

andheheadedforthestartinglinewithhisheadraised.(2)(话题写作之语言学习)如果你每天坚持用英语写日记，你会很容易提高你的写作水平。IfyoukeepdiariesinEnglisheveryday，youcan___________________

.myencouragingwordsput/sethimateaseimproveyourwritingskillswithease(3)在舒适的住处停留时，人会感到放松。一家好的酒店能缓解客人的疲惫与压力。经过一整天的徒步观光后，人们可以在温馨的休息室里放松一下，享受这片刻的悠闲时光。Whenstayinginacomfortableaccommodation，onecan

.Agoodhotelcan

.Afteralongdayofsightseeingonfoot，peoplecan

inacozylounge，enjoyingthemomentofrelaxation.feelateaseeaseguestsoftheirtirednessandstresstaketheireasetake...forgrantedtake...seriously认真对待……takeone’stime不用急；慢慢来takepridein以……为自豪takechargeof负责，掌管takeadvantageof利用3认为……理所当然(1)(2022•全国甲，书面表达)我们总是理所当然地认为海洋可以提供给我们无穷无尽的资源，因此我们过度开发海洋。_____________________________________________________________

，soweoverdevelopouroceans.(2)上个月负责演讲活动时，我认真对待这件事。我利用每个向同学征求意见的机会，因此我完美地组织了这次活动。我的所有同学都以我为荣。WhenI

thespeechactivitylastmonth，I

it

.I

everychancetoaskmyclassmatesfortheiropinionssothatIorganizedtheactivityperfectly.Allofmyclassmates

me.resourcesWealwaystakeitforgrantedthatoceanscanprovideuswithlimitlesstookchargeoftookseriouslytookadvantageoftookprideininresponseto作为对……的回应make(no)responseto...对……给予/不予回答4响应；对……作出反应；回答(respondvi.反应；回复，回答responsen.回答；反应)respondto(1)(续写之情绪描写)他故意不回答我的问题，这气得我鼻孔冒烟。He__________________________________________________________

，whichmademynostrilssmoke.(2)(2024•上海1月，书面表达)应你的要求，我已向同学们了解情况，并整理出两个问题，这两个问题体现了我们对文学共同的好奇与热情。

，Ihaveinquiredmyclassmatesandidentifiedtwoquestionsthatrepresentourcollectivecuriosityandenthusiasmforliterature.didn’trespondto/didn’tmakeresponseto/madenoresponsetomyquestiononpurposeInresponsetoyourrequestwhile用作并列连词while用法较多，既可用作连词，也可用作名词：•表示“在……期间；当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句；•表示“只要”，引导条件状语从句；•表示“虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句；•表示“而；却”，是并列连词，构成并列句；•用作名词，表示“一会儿；一段时间”，如：afterawhile过了一会儿；

onceinawhile偶尔，间或。5While

Tao’sreturntonaturewasareactiontoalifestylehewasopposedto，Thoreau’swasapersonaldecisiontotransformthewayhelived.陶渊明回归自然是对他反对的生活方式做出的一种反应，而梭罗则是出于个人决定而改变自己的生活方式。(1)写出下列句子中while的汉语意思①Thebossinsistedthattheplanbecarriedoutatonce，whilesomeofmanagersrejectedtheplan.②Asweallknow，whilethereislife，thereishope.③WhileIwaslookingthroughthenewsonline，upcameavideoofalovelybear.__________________________而，却只要当……的时候(2)(2025•浙江1月，应用文写作)虽然有些人可能会把在校园里拍摄短视频视为一种干扰，但我认为它可以成为激发创意、表达自我的积极途径。

，Ibelieveitcanserveasapositiveoutletforcreativityandself-expression.(3)(2025•浙江1月，应用文写作)通过找到平衡，我们既能利用好这个创意渠道所带来的益处，同时又能维持专注、有礼的校园氛围。Byfindingabalance，wecanmakeuseofthebenefitsofthiscreativeoutlet

.Whilesomemayseeshootingshortvideosoncampusasadistractionwhilemaintainingafocusedandrespectfulcampusatmosphere用法点拨(1)while表示“虽然；尽管”时，不和连词but连用。(2)while还引导省略结构，后直接跟现在分词、过去分词、名词、形容词或介词短语等。1.Thegirlwearingabow①inherhairbowed②tometoshowherrespectandthenshebowed③herhead，thinkingaboutwhattosaynext.①

②

③___________2.Hedidn’twanttoresign①himselftodoingajobthathedidn’tenjoy，soheresigned②fromhisjob.①

②________n.蝴蝶结语境猜词

品一词多义，猜熟词生义v.鞠躬v.低下(头)v.使自己顺从于(做)某事v.辞职3.Toease①thepain，heeased②hisinjuredfootintohisshoe.Afterhewastoldthathisfootwouldfullyrecoverinthreedays，hismindwasatease③.Atthethoughtofwalkingwithease④soon，hecouldn’tcontainhisexcitement.①

②

③

④_______4.Whenplanningourdomestic①travelnextmonth，weneedtoarrangesomeonetotakecareofbothourdomestic②tasks，likewateringplantsandcollectingmail，andourdomestic③cat，whichgetsanxiousifleftalonefortoolong.①

②

③____________v.减轻，缓解v.小心翼翼地移动n.舒适，悠闲n.容易adj.国内的adj.家庭的adj.家养的1.There’snodoubtthatyoursuggestionwould

(reject)becauseitwasquiteimpractical.2.Biomimicry，asasubjectofscience，greatlyreflectsthe

(wise)ofhumanity.3.Oneofmyclientsisalwayshelpingpeoplewithoutexpectinganything__return.4.It’stypicalofhimtorespond

others’requestsinspiteofhisownbusiness.berejected单句语法填空查遗漏重点，补知识空缺提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇wisdominto5.Itisdemandedthatyoushouldn’twithdrawmoney

yourbankaccountifyoudon’thaveapassword.6.Ireckonthatheisreluctant

(put)histhoughtsintowords，sodon’tforcehim.7.While

(cycle)onthestreet，IsawanoldmanlyingonthegroundandIcametohisaidwithouthesitation.8.Thesunsetremindedusofourfriend’supcoming

(depart)，foroverseasstudywasalreadyonthehorizon，makingourlaughspreciousyetbittersweet.fromtoputcyclingdepartureWeareusedtonature’sbeautythatwealwaystakeforgranted.Actually，many1.

(architect)takeinspirationfromnaturetomakedesignsforarchitecture.Andweregardthisactivityasbiomimicry

2.

employstheconnectionbetweennatureandhumanbeings’artandsciencetocreatestructures3.

(mimic)naturalformsandprocesses.TheAlgaeHouseis4.

superbexampleoflearningfromnature.Withthesurfaceofthebuilding5.

(cover)inpanelscontainingalgae，thealgaearefedwithliquidnutrientsandcarbondioxidetoencouragethem6.

(grow).architects短文语法填空串单元词汇，赏主题美文which/thatmimickingacoveredtogrowInaddition7.

this，insomeruralareas，nature’sbeautycanalsobebreathtaking.Walkingonthelanesatease8.

(enable)peopletoattainasenseoffulfilment.Atthesametime，people’ssoulscan9.____________(purity).Fortunately，nowadaysthegovernmenttriestoseeksolutionstothepreservationoftheprecious10.

(origin)ecology.to返回enablesbepurifiedoriginal提升主题写作PartThree假如你是李华，请你以“ManandNature”为题目写一篇短文参加英文报Youth的有奖征文比赛，内容如下：1.人类从诞生之日起，为了满足自身需要，不断从自然界获取灵感，寻求解决问题的办法。2.人们向蝙蝠学习制造雷达，向池塘中的蜻蜓学习改善飞机的飞行性能。3.大自然是人类出色的老师，然而有些人反对向自然界学习，认为这些发明创造是理所当然的。4.人类应和大自然和谐相处，作为回报，它会带给我们巨大的利益。5.虽然人类主宰了这个世界，但我们不能违背自然规律，否则我们会受到大自然的惩罚。应用文增分练人与自然1.从出生的那一天起，人类就忙着从大自然中汲取灵感，寻求解决问题的办法。(beemployedin)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.人们利用蝙蝠的特性来制造雷达，利用池塘里蜻蜓的特性来提高飞机的飞行性能。(takeadvantageof)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Fromthedayofbirth，humanbeingsareemployedintakinginspirationfromnatureandseekingsolutionstoproblems.应用文增分练完成句子Peopletookadvantageofthecharacteristicsofbatstomakeradarsandofdragonfliesinpondstoimprovetheflightperformanceofairplanes.3.大自然是人类出色的老师，然而有些人反对向大自然学习，把这些发明和创造视为理所当然。(while；take...forgranted)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.人类应该与自然和谐相处，作为回报，它将给我们带来巨大的利益。(inreturn)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Natureisasuperbteacherforhumanbeings，whilesomepeopleareopposedtolearningfromnatureandtaketheseinventionsandcreationsforgranted.Humanbeingsshouldliveinharmonywithnatureandinreturnitwillbringusgreatbenefits.5.虽然人类主宰了这个世界，但我们不应该违背自然规律，否则我们只好接受自然的控制。(while；resign)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Whilehumanbeingsdominatetheworld，weshouldnotviolatethelawsofnature；otherwisewewouldresignourselvestonature’scontrol.把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。应用文增分练组句成篇ManandNatureFromthedayofbirth，humanbeingsareemployedintakinginspirationfromnatureandseekingsolutionstoproblems.Forexample，peopletookadvantageofthecharacteristicsofbatstomakeradarsandofdragonfliesinpondstoimprovetheflightperformanceofairplanes.Natureisasuperbteacherforhumanbeings，whilesomepeopleareopposedtolearningfromnatureandtaketheseinventionsandcreationsforgranted.Inmyopinion，humanbeingsshouldliveinharmonywithnatureandinreturnitwillbringusgreatbenefits.Whilehumanbeingsdominatetheworld，weshouldnotviolatethelawsofnature；otherwisewewouldresignourselvestonature’scontrol.应用文增分练参考范文续写提能练语料积累

动作细节描写：说话单词ask问answer/reply/respond回答announce/declare宣布add补充说whisper小声说murmur/mutter喃喃地说sigh叹息道cry喊shout大叫scream尖叫roar大声说，吼叫blurt脱口而出exclaim大声说，惊叫gasp喘着气说snap厉声说mumble咕哝句型“Youstolesomething.Youwillbesearched，”heannounced.“你偷了东西。你将被搜身，”他郑重地说。Iwhispered，withmyvoicetrembling，“Itisn’tme.”我低声说，声音颤抖着，“不是我。”Hesighed，“Tellyourparentsaboutyourwrongdoing，”addingthatIcouldleave.(现在分词短语作状语)他叹了口气说：“告诉你的父母你做错了什么。”还说我可以走了。Heapproachedmeandsnappedasifhewouldeatmeupinonegulp.他走近我，厉声说话，好像要把我一口吞下去。Havingplayedtheqinforthreeyears，Boyacouldn’tmasterthemysteryofmusic，①

(现在分词作状语)，“PerhapsIwillwithdraw.”Sensinghisdepression，Boya’steacherChengLianblurted，“Let’svisitmyteacheronPenglaiMountainintheEastChinaSea，”②__________

(现在分词短语作状语).Boyarespondedwillinglytohisteacher’sofferanddepartedforthedestination.sighing伯牙弹了三年琴，还是不能掌握音乐的奥秘，叹道：“也许我该撤退了。”伯牙的老师成连察觉到他的沮丧，脱口而出：“我们去东海蓬莱山拜访我的老师吧。”并补充说他会受益匪浅。伯牙欣然接受了老师的建议，出发前往目的地。续写提能练语料运用

艺术灵感addingthathewouldbenefitalotOnreachingthemountain，③

(现在分词短语作状语)，ChengLianannouncedthatBoyacouldpractiseplayingtheqinbyhimself.Attractedbythebreathtakingscenery，Boya④__________________________

，“Howsplendidthesceneryis！”Withinspirationwellingupfromhisheart，hesatontheground，creatingthefamouscomposition—High

Mountains

and

Running

Water.Boyaheldhisteacher’shandstightlyandexclaimedexcitedly，“Wecantakeinspirationfromnature.”到了山上，成连累得喘不过气来，他宣布伯牙可以自己练习弹琴了。伯牙被这壮丽的景色所吸引，激动地叫道：“这景色多美啊！”灵感涌上心头，他坐在地上，创作了那首著名的曲子《高山流水》。伯牙紧紧握住老师的手，兴奋地喊道：“我们可以从大自然中获得灵感。”gaspingwithtiredness返回exclaimed/shouted/criedinexcitement单元主题组合练PartFourA(2025·山东临沂三模)Wehumanstendtoflocktonaturalspacesinsearchofpeaceandquiet.Butwhatweoftenbringwithusisnoise:Thenoisesoffootsteps，bicyclewheels，andconversation.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员通过特定方式探索人类娱乐噪声对野生动物的影响，还提及保护野生动物免受人类噪声影响的方法。Ⅰ.阅读理解Nowanewstudysuggeststhisnoisecanhavealastingimpactonwildlife.Humanrecreationhasalreadybeenlinkedwithtroubleforwildlifeintheformofincreasesinstresshormones，changesinhabitat，andfewer①offspring.Buttheauthorsofthenewstudywantedtounderstandmorepreciselyhownoisefitsintothispicture.Toexplorethisquestion，theteamwiredupasystemofwildlifecamerasandspeakersontrailsthroughoutWyoming’sBridger-TetonNationalForest.Whenanimalswanderedintothestudyareas，thescientiststriggeredspeakerstobroadcastdifferenttypesofnoise，whilethecameras②filmedtheanimals’responsestothesounds.Therecordednoisesincludedsoundsassociatedwithhiking，trailrunning，mountainbiking，off-roadvehicles，andhumanvoices，aswell.Whentheanimalsheardhumanrecreationnoise，theyweretwotothreetimesmorelikelytoboltthanwhentheyheardnaturalsounds.“Thefindingsmakealotofsense，”saysZeller，wholedthestudy.“Humansmakealotofnoise;itcanbesoft，itcanbeloud，butitalladdsuptonoise.Thelouderandlongeritis，themorefrightenedwildlifeareofit.Separatinghumansfromwildlifeisn’tthebestsolution.”Anexperimentshowedthatsignscouldhaveanimpact—visitornoiselevelsdroppedsignificantlyafterresearchersplacedsignsthatread“QuietZone”or“QuietDay”andthenumberofbirdsinthedesignatedarealaterincreased.“Accordingtovisitorsurveys，whentheyembracedthesilence，peoplefoundthemselveslisteningtomorebirdsandenjoyingnaturemore，”saysZeller.“Italsoallowedparkmanagerstoincreasethenumberofpeoplewhocoulduseagiventrail(路径).Whenhumansaremadeawareoftheirimpacts，theycanchangetheirbehavior，andthatcanimpactwildlife.”1.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Wildanimals’behaviors.B.Thefindingofthestudy.C.Wherethestudywasdone.D.Howthestudywasconducted.√

段落大意题。根据第三段“Toexplorethisquestion，theteamwiredupasystemofwildlifecamerasandspeakersontrails...Whenanimalswanderedintothestudyareas，thescientiststriggeredspeakerstobroadcastdifferenttypesofnoise，whilethecamerasfilmedtheanimals’responsestothesounds.”可知，该段主要讲述了研究是如何进行的。故选D。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bolt”inparagraph4mean?A.Gettogether. B.Feelsafe.C.Runaway. D.Staybehind.√

词义猜测题。根据画线所在句“Whentheanimalsheardhumanrecreationnoise，theyweretwotothreetimesmorelikelytoboltthanwhentheyheardnaturalsounds.”和第四段中的“Thelouderandlongeritis，themorefrightenedwildlifeareofit.”以及常识可知，动物听到人类娱乐噪声通常会害怕并逃跑。所以bolt意思是“逃跑”，与“runaway”同义。故选C。3.HowcanweprotectwildlifemosteffectivelyfromhumannoiseaccordingtoZeller?A.Usegiventrailsinthewild.B.Separatehumansfromwildlife.C.Cutdownonhumanrecreation.D.Realizeourimpactsonwildlife.√

细节理解题。根据最后一段中Zeller的话“‘Whenhumansaremadeawareoftheirimpacts，theycanchangetheirbehavior，andthatcanimpactwildlife.’”可知，Zeller认为最有效保护野生动物免受人类噪声影响的方法是意识到我们对野生动物的影响。故选D。4.Inwhichmagazinecanwereadthistext?A.Nature

Reports.B.Popular

Sports.C.Modern

Technology.D.Harmonious

Society.√

文章出处题。通读全文，结合第二段中“Nowanewstudysuggeststhisnoisecanhavealastingimpactonwildlife.”以及后文围绕人类噪声对野生动物影响的一系列研究内容可知，我们可以在《自然报告》杂志上读到这篇文章。故选A。语境猜词_______________________①offspring(合)＝off＋springn.②film(转)n.→v.后代，子孙拍摄，录制B(2025·河北二模)Onapeacefulsummermorning，afieldofpopulartreessway(摇摆)inthewind，andinsectsbuzzaround.Atfirstsight，thesceneseemscalm，butthetreesareactuallyunderattack.Insectsarefeedingontheirleaves，andthetreesaredefendingthemselves.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了植物在受到昆虫攻击时的自我防御方式，以及植物能够相互交流、学习和形成记忆等现象，由此引出关于植物是否有智慧的讨论。Thoughplantscan’trunorhide，theyhavedevelopedwaystofightback.Whenaninsectbeginstobitealeaf，thetree①mountsdefenses.Italsoquicklymessagesitsneighbors:“We’reunderattack!Getyourdefensesready！”Itevenproduceschemicalstorepel(驱赶)theattackersandmayattractotherinsectstohelp.Theseresponseshappenwithoutusnoticing，butscientistsarediscoveringthatplantscandothingsweoncethoughtonlyanimalscoulddo.Theycommunicatewitheachother，andformmemories—allwithoutabrain.Researchhasshownthatplantscancommunicateincomplexways.Inthe1980s，scientistsdiscoveredthatinjuredtreescouldwarnnearbytreesofdanger.Whenonetreewasdamaged，itmadechemicalsthatsentasignalthroughtheairtotheothers.Thisledtotheideaof“talking”plants，openingupthefieldofplantcommunication.Plantscanalsolearnandformmemories.Inoneexperiment，aplantcalledMimosapudicastoppedreactingtoharmlessdropsafterrepeatedexposure.Thissuggeststhatplantscanrememberandadapttotheirenvironment，evenwithoutanervoussystem.Thesediscoveriesshowplantsareabletodofarmorethanmeetsoureyes.Butdoesthismeanthatplantsareintelligent?Somescientiststhinkso.Othersarenotsosure.Theproblemmaytrace(追溯)tohowwedefinewordslike“thinking”and“intelligence”.ElizabethVanVolkenburgh，aplantbiologistattheUniversityofWashington，likesthetermneurobiology(神经生物学).Technically，aplantlacksnerves.Still，ithasa②sensorysystem.Butsomescientiststhinktheideaisahardsell.Afterall，plantsdon’thavenervoussystems.Evennow，thisidearaisesquestions.5.Howdoesatreedefenditselfagainstaninsectattack?A.Byreleasingchemicals.B.Byturningtothesunshine.C.Byformingmemories.D.Byusingwarmaircurrents.√

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Itevenproduceschemicalstorepel(驱赶)theattackersandmayattractotherinsectstohelp.”可知，当树木受到昆虫攻击时，它通过释放化学物质来抵御昆虫的攻击。故选A。6.WhyistheplantMimosapudicamentionedinparagraph4?A.Toerasesomedoubts.B.Tosupportanopinion.C.Topraiseresearchers.D.Tomakeacomparison.√

推理判断题。根据第四段首句“Plantscanalsolearnandformmemories.”可知，该段的主旨是植物也可以学习和形成记忆。接着提到了含羞草的例子，通过含羞草在反复接触无害水滴后停止反应这一实验结果证明植物可以记住并适应环境。所以提到含羞草是为了支持“植物可以学习和形成记忆”这一观点。故选B。7.Whatcanweinferaboutthesediscoveries?A.Theylackconclusiveproof.B.Theyfuelabigdebateinbiology.C.Theysharelittlecommonground.D.Theyinspireideasabouthumanhealth.√

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Butdoesthismeanthatplantsareintelligent?Somescientiststhinkso.Othersarenotsosure...Technically，aplantlacksnerves.Still，ithasasensorysystem.Butsomescientiststhinktheideaisahardsell.Afterall，plantsdon’thavenervoussystems.Evennow，thisidearaisesquestions.”可推知，这些发现引发了生物学领域的一场大辩论。故选B。8.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.IsWildlifeSensitive?B.HowDoNervousSystemsWork?C.ArePlantsIntelligent?D.HowDoTreesSurviveHotWeather?√

标题归纳题。纵览全文，文章开篇描述了树木在受到昆虫攻击时的自我防御以及与“邻居”的交流，接着介绍了植物能够相互交流、学习和形成记忆等现象，然后在最后一段引出关于植物是否有智慧的讨论。所以文章主要围绕植物是否有智慧展开。C项“植物有智慧吗？”符合文章主旨，可作为文章标题。故选C。语境猜词①mount(熟义：v.登上)生义(文义)：v.②sensory(派)＝sens(e)＋oryadj.______________________________准备，组织开展感觉的，感官的SmartGreenCities:UrbanSolutionsModerncitiesfacegrowingchallengesfrompollutionandenergywaste，with