2027步步高大一轮复习英语外研版选择性必修第四册　Unit 6　Space and beyond

大一轮复习Spaceandbeyond选择性必修第四册Unit6内容索引排查基础知识突破核心考点提升主题写作单元主题组合练排查基础知识PartOne1.notion

n. 概念；观点；看法2.hazardous

adj. 危险的，不安全的3.shuttle

n. 航天飞机；(织布机的)梭

；来往于两地

之间的航班

v. 频繁往来(于两地之间)4.thespaceshuttle

航天飞机5.excursion

n. (有特定目的的)短途出行6.rekindle

v. 重新激起，重新唤起7.instantaneously

adv. 瞬间地Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意8.lifelike adj. (图画、模型等)生动的，逼真的9.telescope n. 望远镜10.thenakedeye

肉眼11.galaxy

n. 星系12.cosmic

adj. 宇宙的13.subatomic

adj. 亚原子的；原子内的14.particle

n. 粒子15.pepper

n. 胡椒粉16.disc

n. 激光唱片；光碟，光盘Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1.shadow

n.影子；背光处；(坏)影响，阴影2.scream

v.(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫3.crew

n.(飞机上的)全体机组人员4.awesome

adj.很好的，了不起的；令人惊叹的；可怕的；

很困难的5.angle

v.斜置

n.角；角度，观点Ⅱ.拼写单词——记形6.straightforward

adj.简单的

；坦率的7.fetch

v.(去)拿来8.muscle

n.肌肉9.sneeze

v.打喷嚏

n.喷嚏(声)Ⅱ.拼写单词——记形1.unexceptional

adj.平常的→exceptional

adj.例外的；独特的→except

prep.除……外→exception

n.例外2.tragically

adv.悲惨地；不幸地→tragic

adj.悲惨的，悲痛的→tragedy

n.悲剧；不幸；遗憾3.suspend

v.暂停，中止

；悬，挂；悬浮→suspension

n.停职；悬浮；暂停，中止Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变4.submit

v.提交，呈递；屈服→submission

n.屈服；提交(物)，呈递(物)5.conceivably

adv.可以相信地；可想象地→conceive

v.构想出(主意、计划等)；想象；设想6.invisible

adj.看不见的→visible

adj.看得见的→vision

n.视野Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变7.self-discipline

n.自我约束，自律→self-disciplined

adj.自律的→discipline

n.训练；(遵守)纪律；行为准则；自制力8.simulated

adj.模仿的，模拟的，仿真的→simulate

v.模仿；假装；冒充→simulator

n.(用于人员训练的)模拟装置，模拟器→simulation

n.模拟，仿真Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变前缀tele-/后缀-some1.前缀tele-表示“远”。如telescope＝tele(远)＋scope(范围，领域)→用来看远的范围的工具→望远镜，telephone＝tele(远)＋phone(声音)→听到远方的声音→电话。2.后缀-some多用于构成形容词，意为“引起……的，具有……倾向的；达到相当程度的”。如awesome＝awe(敬畏，惊叹)＋some(引起……的)→令人敬畏的，令人惊叹的，troublesome＝trouble(麻烦)＋some(引起……的)→引起麻烦的。积累

——构词法

学一法会一类(1)Theywereabletoteleporttovariousregionsoutoftheirowncuriosityanddesiretoexplore.(2)Aspostalratesgoup，manybusinesseshavebeenturningtotelemarketingasawayofcontactingnewcustomers.(3)Heisawildboyandaquarrelsomeyoungman，sohecan’tgetalongwellwiththosearoundhim.________________________________________远距离传送电话推销爱争吵的，好口角的1.becomeaccustomedto 习惯于(做)某事2.castashadowon/over 给……蒙上阴影3.setfooton 踏上，登上4.one’sheartinone’smouth

心提到嗓子眼5.takeoff 起飞；脱下；突然成功6.tunein 收看；收听7.wavetosb 向某人挥手Ⅳ.背核心短语8.reachforthestars 有九天揽月之志；努力完成壮举9.signupfor

报名参加10.workout 计算出；解决；锻炼11.beengagedin 忙于；从事12.becomposedof 由……组成13.beinvisibleto 无法被……看到14.one’squestfor

对……的追求/追索Ⅳ.背核心短语1.FollowingtheshockoftheChallengerdisaster，spaceshuttleflightsweresuspendedfornearlythreeyearswhilethecauseofthedisasterwasinvestigated，andsomeoftheshuttle’scomponentswereredesigned.(while引导时间状语从句)“挑战者”号令人震惊的灾难发生后，航天飞机航行中止了近三年时间，同时调查事故原因，重新设计飞行器的部分零件。Ⅴ.悟经典句式2.Buttherewasneveranydoubtthatmannedflightswouldcontinue...(thereisneveranydoubtthat...)但是毫无疑问，载人飞行绝不会就此停止……3.Soon，itwasunderstoodthattheSunwasjustonestaramongbillionsinthegalaxywecalltheMilkyWay.(itbe＋v.-ed＋that...)很快，人们认识到，太阳只是我们称之为“银河系”的星系中数十亿颗恒星中的一颗。Ⅴ.悟经典句式4.Nothinginhistoryhasallowedustoseesomuchoversuchgreatdistances，fromenormouscloudsofgaswherestarsarebeingborn，tohugeblackholes，andeventonewplanetswherewemightconceivablyfindlife.(where引导定语从句)它让我们史无前例地看到了如此遥远的景观——从星体诞生的巨大气体云团，到巨型黑洞，甚至到可能会发现生命迹象的新行星。Ⅴ.悟经典句式5.The500-metredishofthe“EyeofHeaven”，asitisknown，isbeingusedinthesearchfordarkmatter，thoughttobecomposedofsubatomicparticlesinvisibletoordinarytelescopes.(形容词短语作后置定语)众所周知，这个被称为“天眼”的500米口径巨盘用于探寻暗物质。暗物质被认为由亚原子粒子组成，一般望远镜是观测不到的。Ⅴ.悟经典句式(2025•北京)Iftheselifecyclesaredelayed，interrupted，ordenied，youfeelincapableofaccessingyourstatesofself，controllingunpleasantfeelings，andmanipulating(操控)theenergythatputstogetherthefabricofyourinnerworld.[句式分析]本句是

句。if引导

从句；主句为

结构；accessing...controlling...andmanipulating...为三个并列的动名词短语，作of的

；that引导

从句，修饰先行词theenergy。主从复合体验

——析真题长句知高考难度[尝试翻译]

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________若这些生命周期被延迟、中断或否定，你会感到无法进入自我状态、无法控制负面情绪，也无法掌控那些构建你内心世界结构的能量。返回条件状语主系表宾语定语突破核心考点PartTwoFordecades，humanshavebeenaccustomedtomakingbreakthroughsinspaceexploration，yetrecenttechnicalissuescastashadowoverthenewmission.Thelaunchwassuspendedtemporarilyafterengineersfoundasystemglitch.Itwasreportedthattheteamhadsubmittedarevisedplantofixtheproblem.Everyonehopesitwillbeconfirmedthatthemissioncanresumesoon，continuinghumanity’sjourneytouncoverthemysteriesoftheuniverse.v.暂停，中止，悬，挂；悬浮(suspensionn.停职；悬浮；暂停，中止)suspend1(1)Ithinkher

(suspend)fromtheteamisaveryharshpunishment.(2)Alampwassuspended

delicatechainsfromtheceiling.(3)(安慰信)听到你被停职的消息，我感到非常遗憾，我相信你可以证明自己的清白。Iamterriblysorrytohearthatyou_______________________________andIdobelievethatyoucanproveyourinnocence.suspensionbesuspendedfromone’sjob被停职besuspendedby被……悬挂byhavebeensuspendedfromyourjobv.提交，呈递；屈服[submissionn.屈服；提交(物)，呈递(物)]submitsubmitsthtosb将某物提交给某人submit(oneself)to屈从于……2(1)

(submit)mustbemadeintoasinglePDFnolargerthan10MBandnomorethaneighttotalpages.Submission(s)(2)(2022•新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)大卫擦掉眼泪，昂起头，坚定地说道：“我不会屈从于其他人的看法。”Davidwipedhistearsandheldhisheadhigh，remarkingdeterminedly，“

.”(3)对这次夏令营感兴趣的同学须于5月15日前向学生会办公室提交申请表及相关材料。Thosewhoareinterestedinthesummercampmust______________________

theOfficeoftheStudentAssociationbyMay15.Iwon’tsubmit(myself)toothers’thoughtssubmittheapplicationsandrelevantmaterialsto习惯于(做)某事

(accustomedadj.习惯于；惯常的accustomvt.使习惯于)be/get/becomeaccustomedto(doing)sthaccustomsb/oneselfto(doing)sth使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事3MrKingwasaccustomedtolivinginthecountrysideandfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.＝___________________________________________________________

，MrKingfoundithardtosuspendthislifeandliveinthecity.(用分词短语作状语改写)Accustomedtolivinginthecountryside/Accustominghimselftolivinginthecountrysidecastashadowon/overcastdown使失望；使沮丧(多用于被动语态)castoff摆脱掉；抛弃castaway使(船遇难后的幸存者)流落某处；扔掉；浪费(多用于被动语态)4给……蒙上阴影(续写之片段描写)由于一场突如其来的暴风雨，两名水手流落到了遥远的岛屿上。茫茫无际的大海看不到任何救援迹象，这给他们的心中蒙上了一层阴影。他们如此沮丧以至于不知道如何摆脱掉内心的恐惧，泪水夺眶而出。Twosailors

onadistantislandduetoanunexpectedrainstorm.Endlessemptyseawithnorescuesign___________________theirhearts.They

thattheyhadnoideahowto_____

theirinnerfright，withtearswellingupintheireyes.werecastawaycastashadowon/overweresocastdowncastoffitbe＋v.-ed＋that...it作形式主语而that从句是真正主语的常见句式有：Itbe＋过去分词＋that从句Itbe＋名词词组/adj.＋that从句It＋特殊动词(seem/turnout/occurtosb/...)＋that从句5Soon，itwasunderstoodthattheSunwasjustonestaramongbillionsinthegalaxywecalltheMilkyWay.很快，人们认识到，太阳只是我们称之为“银河系”的星系中数十亿颗恒星中的一颗。(1)据宣布，即将到来的校园艺术节将延期，让我们学生们感到很失望。但令人兴奋的是，我们学校正在计划举办一个特殊的活动，以丰富我们的校园生活。

theupcomingcampusartfestivalwillbepostponed，whichdisappointsusstudents，but

ourschoolisplanningtohostaspecialeventtoenrichourcampuslife.(2)(续写之动作链描写)我突然想到十分钟后我有一个重要的会议要参加，我穿上衣服，马不停蹄地跑下楼，向会议室冲去。

IhadanimportantmeetingtoattendintenminutesandIputonmyclothes，randownstairswithoutstoppinganddashedforthemeetingroom.IthasbeenannouncedthatitisexcitingthatItoccurredtomethat(3)(续写之主题升华句)事实证明，只要我们永不放弃，任何困境终会有出路。此外，我们的责任不仅在于自己坚守这份信念，更要去鼓励身边那些陷入困境的人。

there’salwaysawayoutofanytroubleaslongaswenevergiveup.Besides,

wenotonlyholdontothisfaithourselvesbutalsoencouragethosearounduswhoarestuckinhardships.用法点拨在英语中，形式主语或形式宾语一般用it，而不用this，that或其他代词。Itturnsoutthatitisourresponsibility/dutythat1.Sheangled①theladderatanangle②of30degrees，butfrommypersonalangle③，thiswasinappropriate.①

②

③____________2.Thebookiswritteninthestraightforward①languagebecausetheauthorhasastraightforward②character.①

②___________v.斜置语境猜词

品一词多义，猜熟词生义n.角n.角度，观点adj.简单的adj.坦率的3.Westoodatthemountainfoot，staringattheawesome①view.Buttheguidewarnedustheclimbwouldbehard.Still，wedecidedtotry，knowingevensuchanawesome②challengewouldfeelrewardingoncewereachedthetop.①

②____________________adj.令人惊叹的adj.可怕的；很困难的1.OnceIthrewmyselfintoit，Ihadnodifficultyinworking

theproblem.2.Thinkingtwice，Idecidedtosignup

thebasketballteam.3.Inastronomy，manycelestialbodies(天体)likeblackholesare_______(visible)tothenakedeye.4.

(tragic)，shewasabandonedasababybyherparentsonacoldnight.5.Thereisneveranydoubt

howancientpyramidswerebuiltisamysteryforhumanbeings.out单句语法填空查遗漏重点，补知识空缺提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇forinvisibleTragicallythatSofar，we1.

(become)accustomedtoobservingthenightskywithatelescopeandmostofushavebeenawarethatitis2.____awesome

invention.Withthe3.

(assist)ofit，wecanseenumberlessstarsinvisibletothenakedeye.4.

，ourquestisfarbeyondobservingtheunexceptionalstars，andwehavebeentrying5.

(explore)manygalaxiesintheuniverse.Oureffortsneversuspend，althoughthelossoftheChallengeroncecastashadow

6.

ourhearts.Withthepurposeofrekindlingyoungpupils’interestinspacetravel，thespaceshuttle7.

(take)offon28January1986.havebecome短文语法填空串单元词汇，赏主题美文anassistanceHowever/Neverthelesstoexploreon/overtookButonlyaminutelater，itinstantaneouslyexplodedandthelivesofitscrewweretragicallycutshort,8.

(make)peoplescreamwithhorror.Allthecrewsacrificedtheirlives,9.

theirspiritswouldinspireustocontinuetoreachforthestars.Howeverhazardousand10.

(distance)thestarsare，wewon’tsubmitourselvestodifficulties.making返回butdistant提升主题写作PartThree假定你是李华，今天你校组织高三学生参加了市博物馆举办的“中国航天成就展”活动。请你就此次活动用英语写一篇题为“AVisittotheAchievementExpoofChinaAerospace”的短文，向学校的《校园生活月报》(Campus

Life

Monthly)投稿，分享此次活动。内容包括：1.参加人员；2.活动内容；3.个人感想。应用文增分练中国航天成就1.当我们漫步在展厅中时，各种各样的栩栩如生的航天飞机模型首先吸引了我们的目光。(while引导的时间状语从句)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.这表明我国在该领域付出了巨大努力。(Itisdemonstratedthat...)______________________________________________________________Whilewewerewalkingthroughtheexhibitionhall，variouslifelikemodelsofthespaceshuttlecaughtoureyesfirst.应用文增分练完成句子Itisdemonstratedthatourcountryhasmadegreateffortsinthisfield.3.最让我们惊喜的是航天模拟器，在那里我们可以亲身体验“太空飞行”。(what引导的主语从句；where引导的非限制性定语从句)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.我们出席了内容丰富的讲座，还观看了极具冲击力的火箭发射视频，这些都帮助我们对中国航天有了更深刻的认识。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Whatsurprisedusmostwastheaerospacesimulator，wherewecouldexperience“spaceflight”personally.Weattendedinformativelecturesandwatchedextremelyexcitingvideosofrocketlaunches，whichhelpedustogetdeeperinsightsintoChinaAerospace.5.正是因为我们从不向困难低头，才在太空探索领域取得了举世瞩目的成就。(submitoneselfto；强调句)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.我深信中国永远不会中止探索太空，未来我们可以取得更多成就。(suspend)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Itisbecauseweneversubmitourselvestodifficultiesthatwehavemaderemarkableaccomplishmentsinspaceexploration.IamgreatlyconvincedthatChinawillneversuspendexploringspaceandwecanachievemoreinthefuture.把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。应用文增分练组句成篇AVisittotheAchievementExpoofChinaAerospaceToday’striptotheCityMuseumisreallyanawesomeexperience，whichwillbeengravedinourmindforever.Allseniorthreestudentsvisitedtheexhibitionthemed“AchievementsofChinaAerospace”.Whilewewerewalkingthroughtheexhibitionhall，variouslifelikemodelsofthespaceshuttlecaughtoureyesfirst.Itisdemonstratedthatourcountryhasmadegreateffortsinthisfield.Whatsurprisedusmostwastheaerospacesimulator，wherewecouldexperience“spaceflight”personally.应用文增分练参考范文Thoughitwaschallenging，weallenjoyedit.Lastly，weattendedinformativelecturesandwatchedextremelyexcitingvideosofrocketlaunches，whichhelpedustogetdeeperinsightsintoChinaAerospace.Itisbecauseweneversubmitourselvestodifficultiesthatwehavemaderemarkableaccomplishmentsinspaceexploration.Afterthevisit，IamgreatlyconvincedthatChinawillneversuspendexploringspaceandwecanachievemoreinthefuture.续写提能练语料积累

主题语境结尾升华技巧：脱困类脱困类读后续写常常涉及危险的情节，如火灾、在森林里遇到猛兽、在森林里迷路等。此类主题可采用下列升华诀窍：诀窍一：经历＋感悟Thatdaywassounforgettablethatitwouldbeengravedinmymindforever.那一天是如此难忘，它将被永远刻在我的脑海里。诀窍二：名言/句型＋感悟OnlythenwasIawarethatitwascouragethatenabledustoovercomewhateverhardshipswecameacross.直到那时我才意识到，是勇气使我们能够克服我们遇到的任何困难。Withjointeffortswefinallyachievedourgoal.Justastheoldsayinggoes，“Wherethere’sawill，there’saway.”在大家的共同努力下，我们终于达成了目标。正如那句老话所说：“有志者，事竟成。”Whenmyfriend，anastronomer，askedmewhichplanetIwouldliketogoto，I①

，“Mars！”Butmyfriendreplied，“Therearestillmanychallengeswaitingtobesolved.Withthetemperatureaveragingbelow－60℃，wecan’tgotoMarsyet.”②

.screamedatthetopofmyvoice当我的朋友，一名天文学家，问我想去哪颗行星时，我用最大的声音叫道：“火星！”但是我的朋友回道：“仍然有许多等待解决的挑战。由于平均气温低于零下60摄氏度，我们还不能去火星。”我很失望。续写提能练语料运用

探索火星IwascastdownMyfriendadded，“③___________________________________________

(部分倒装).④________________________________

(升华句)”Hearingthis，Ifeltthehopeinmyheartwasrekindled.我的朋友补充道：“只有我们不屈服于困难我们才能实现目标。正如那句老话所说，‘有志者，事竟成。’”听到这些话，我感觉心中的希望被重新点燃了。Onlyifwedon’tsubmitourselvestodifficultiescan返回weachieveourgoalJustasanoldsayinggoes，‘Wherethere’sawill，there’saway.’单元主题组合练PartFourAInMortenTyldum’smoviePassengers，charactersJimPrestonandAuroraLaneareona120-yearinterstellarjourneywith5,000otherpeople.Theirdestination：HomesteadⅡ，anewworldtostarttheirlivesanew.Tosurvivethetravel，passengersenteredhibernation(冬眠)，eachonefrozenintheirownpod.However，somethinggoeswrongandJimandAurorawakeup90yearstooearly.语篇解读这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了太空旅行中冬眠的理论及其研究进展。Ⅰ.阅读理解ButwhatifwetoldyouthathibernationforspacetravelismorelikelytohappenthantheromanticstorybetweenJimandAurora?Hibernationisastateinwhichlivingorganismsslowdowntheirmetabolic(新陈代谢的)processeswhilemaintainingessentialfunctions.Onceinsidethesepods，astronautswillgetdrugstoadjustmetabolism，reducecoretemperature，andcauseinactivity.OncebackonEarth，theywillwakeupandgraduallyreadopttheirnormalfunctionalmetabolism.ForgoingtoMars，astronautswouldrequireabout30kgoffood，water，air，andothersuppliesperday.Thus，hibernationcansignificantlycutdownontheiressentialneeds.Additionally，hibernatingastronautswouldn’tgetbored，stressed，orlonely，andlesstimeandspacewouldbeneededtohelpkeepthemfitorentertained.Butthisismerelythetheory.Spaceagenciesareinvestigatingwhetherreducingbodytemperatureandlaterinducing(导致)metabolismisamorepracticaloption，while，mostresearchprojectsarecurrentlyfocusingonanimals.Thequestionis：howcanweevokehibernationinspeciesthatarenotnormallydoingthat？Andthisiswhytheresearchonrats，notnaturallyhibernatinganimals，isinteresting.Researchonbearsisalsoimportantsincetheirbodysizeismore①relatabletoours.Theconceptisnotbeingconsideredforthe②forthcomingMarsmission，butforlongermissionstofartherdestinationssuchastheouterplanets，itcouldbeaveryusefultechnology.Hibernationforhumansisanethicallycontroversialconcept，andcriticsmayconsideritasamadscientist’sdream.However，withoutsuchdreamers，humanitywouldstillbeintheMiddleAges.1.WhydoestheauthormentionthemoviePassengers?A.Toadvertiseapopularsci-fispacemovie.B.Tointroduceanewapproachtolongspaceflights.C.Toexplorethepossibilityofsettlinganotherplanet.D.Torevealthepotentialdangersoflongspacetravels.√

推理判断题。根据第一段中“However，somethinggoeswrongandJimandAurorawakeup90yearstooearly.ButwhatifwetoldyouthathibernationforspacetravelismorelikelytohappenthantheromanticstorybetweenJimandAurora？”可推知，作者提到电影《太空旅客》是为了引出下文关于太空旅行中冬眠这一话题，介绍一种长途太空飞行的新方法。故选B。2.Whathappenstohibernatingastronauts?A.Theirfunctionalmetabolismisdisturbed.B.Theyneedmoretimeandspaceforentertainment.C.Theylosethebalancebetweenbasicneedsandsupplies.D.Theirphysicalandmentalneedsarereducedtoaminimum.√

推理判断题。根据第二、三段可知，冬眠的宇航员基本需求会显著减少，也不会感到无聊、有压力或孤独，用于保持健康和娱乐的时间和空间也更少，说明他们的身体和心理需求都被降到了最低。故选D。3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evoke”inparagraph4mean?A.Initiate. B.Justify.C.Define. D.Prioritize.√

词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Andthisiswhytheresearchonrats，notnaturallyhibernatinganimals，isinteresting.Researchonbearsisalsoimportantsincetheirbodysizeismorerelatabletoours.”可知，此处为我们如何让那些通常不冬眠的物种进入冬眠状态？故可猜测画线单词evoke为“唤起，引起”的意思，和A选项Initiate“发起，启动”意思相近。故选A。4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhibernationforhumans?A.Itmaybeariskystrategy.B.Itisadreamhardtorealize.C.Itcanadvancesocialprogress.D.Itchallengestraditionalmoralvalues.√

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Hibernationforhumansisanethicallycontroversialconcept，andcriticsmayconsideritasamadscientist’sdream.However，withoutsuchdreamers，humanitywouldstillbeintheMiddleAges.”可知，作者认为人类冬眠在伦理上有争议，批评者可能认为这是疯狂科学家的梦想，但如果没有这样的梦想家，人类可能还处于中世纪，说明作者认为人类冬眠可以推动社会进步。故选C。语境猜词____________________①relatable(派)＝relat(e)＋ableadj.②forthcoming(合)＝forth＋comingadj.有关系的即将发生的BStarsareborninspecialareasofspacecalledstellarnurseries(恒星孕育区)，wherelargeamountsofgasanddustcometogethertoformnewstars.Theseenormousregions，alsoknownasmolecular(分子的)clouds，stretchacrosshundredsoflight-yearsandcreatethousandsofstars.However，didstarsalwaysforminthesamewaythroughouttheuniverse’shistory?语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了恒星诞生于恒星孕育区，重点讲述了一项关于早期宇宙中恒星形成方式的研究，以及分子云形状和元素对恒星形成的影响。ArecentstudyfromKyushuUniversityandOsakaMetropolitanUniversitysuggeststhatstarsintheearlyuniversemighthaveformedinsoftmolecularclouds，whichmakethemfloatlikecotton.ThisdiscoverywasmadebyobservingtheSmallMagellanicCloud(SMC)，asmallgalaxyneartheMilkyWay.TheSMChasfewerheavyelementscomparedtoourgalaxy，makingitsimilartotheconditionsoftheearlyuniverseabout10billionyearsago.Inourgalaxy，molecularcloudsthathelpformstarsusuallyhavealongthinshape.Scientiststhinkthesolarsystemwascreatedinasimilarway，wherealargemolecularcloud①brokeaparttoformacorethateventuallybecameastar.Overtime，gravitypulledmoregasand②matterintothesecores，leadingtostarformation.KazukiTokuda，aresearcheratKyushuUniversity，explainsthatunderstandinghowstarsformedintheearlyuniverseischallengingbecausetheuniversewasmostlymadeofhydrogenandhelium(氦)backthen.Tostudythis，theteamusedtheALMAradiotelescopeinChiletoobservetheSMC.Theyfoundthat60%ofthemolecularcloudshadtheusuallongthinshape，while40%weresoft.Thetemperatureinsidethethincloudswashigherthanthatinthesoftones，whichmightbeduetohowoldthecloudsare.Ifamoleculecloudkeepsitslongshape，it’smorelikelytobreakapartandformmanystarslikethesun.However，ifitbecomessoft，itmaybeharderforstarstoform.Thisstudyshowsthathavingenoughheavyelementsisimportantformaintainingthelongshapeofmolecularclouds，whichcanbecrucialforformingplanetarysystems.5.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetext?A.Bylistingscientificdata.B.Bydescribinganaturalprocess.C.Byraisingmultiplequestions.D.Bycomparingmolecules.√

写作手法题。根据第一段中“Starsareborninspecialareasofspacecalledstellarnurseries(恒星孕育区)，wherelargeamountsofgasanddustcometogethertoformnewstars.Theseenormousregions，alsoknownasmolecular(分子的)clouds，stretchacrosshundredsoflight-yearsandcreatethousandsofstars.”可知，作者通过描述恒星形成的自然过程来引入文章主题。故选B。6.Whatisthestudymainlyabout?A.TheSMC’scomposition.B.Thesubstancesoftheuniverse.C.Thepropertiesofsoftmolecularclouds.D.Thestarformationintheearlyuniverse.√

细节理解题。根据第二段中“ArecentstudyfromKyushuUniversityandOsakaMetropolitanUniversitysuggeststhatstarsintheearlyuniversemighthaveformedinsoftmolecularclouds，whichmakethemfloatlikecotton.”可知，这项研究主要是关于早期宇宙中恒星的形成。故选D。7.Whatcouldpossiblyberelatedtothetemperaturedifferenceinmolecularclouds?A.Theirsize. B.Theirheight.C.Theirshape. D.Theirage.√

细节理解题。根据第四段中“Thetemperatureinsidethethincloudswashigherthanthatinthesoftones，whichmightbeduetohowoldthecloudsare.”可知，分子云中的温度差异可能与它们的年龄有关。故选D。8.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A.Theconditionsforstarstoform.B.Theuseofelementsinsoftclouds.C.Thestructuresofmolecularclouds.D.Thecomplexityofplanetarysystems.√

段落大意题。根据最后一段“Ifamoleculecloudkeepsitslongshape，it’smorelikelytobreakapartandformmanystarslikethesun.However，ifitbecomessoft，itmaybeharderforstarstoform.Thisstudyshowsthathavingenoughheavyelementsisimportantformaintainingthelongshapeofmolecularclouds，whichcanbecrucialforformingplanetarysystems.”可知，最后一段主要讲述了恒星形成的条件。故选A。语境猜词①breakapart②matter(熟义：v.重要，要紧)生义(文义)：n.________________分裂，分离物质Severaldecadesafterhumanssuccessfullyputtheirfirstobjectintospace，it’smucheasiertolaunchasatellite，butalotmessieroncewe’reupthere.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了太空垃圾的现状以及呼吁全球共同清除垃圾。Ⅱ.七选五

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Therearearound5,000satellitesinorbitwithfewerthanhalfactuallyworking.Whenasatellitestopsfunctioning，itkeepsorbitingatveryhighspeeds，makingagreatthreatfortheusefulones.A.Theyprovideservicescloselyrelatedtoourlife.B.Thisishardbothtechnicallyandpolitically，though.C.Anyway，weshouldquickenthepaceofclearingup.D.Spaceisgettingincreasinglycrowdedanddangerous.E.Sowedependlargelyonspaceanditneedstobetidiedup.F.Scientistsarestrugglingforstrategiestotackletheproblem.G.Allofthesehavebeenintegratedintothesolutionswereallyneed.√

由后文“Therearearound5,000satellitesinorbitwithfewerthanhalfactuallyworking.Whenasatellitestopsfunctioning，itkeepsorbitingatveryhighspeeds，makingagreatthreatfortheusefulones.”可知，这里主要讲在轨卫星越来越多，只有不到一半的卫星在使用中，并且没用的卫星还会威胁其他正在使用的卫星。D项“Spaceisgettingincreasinglycrowdedanddangerous.”符合语境，是对后文的概述，其中dangerous与后文agreatthreat对应。故选D。Sospacesustainabilityhasbecomeabigconcern.2Onesuggestedsolutionisto①refuelthedeadsatellitesandbringthembacktolife.Anotherconceptistousearobotwithfourarmstocatchadeadsatellitebeforepullingitintotheatmospheretoburnitup.A.Theyprovideservicescloselyrelatedtoourlife.B.Thisishardbothtechnicallyandpolitically，though.C.Anyway，weshouldquickenthepaceofclearingup.D.Spaceisgettingincreasinglycrowdedanddangerous.E.Sowedependlargelyonspaceanditneedstobetidiedup.F.Scientistsarestrugglingforstrategiestotackletheproblem.G.Allofthesehavebeenintegratedintothesolutionswereallyneed.√

由后文内容可知，后文在讲解决太空垃圾的方案。F项“Scientistsarestrugglingforstrategiestotackletheproblem.”符合语境，其中strategies和后文Onesuggestedsolution以及Anotherconcept对应。故选F。

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Operatingarobotfromhundredsofmilesawayistough.Andtheworldhasn’tyetreachedaconsensus(共识)onwhyweshouldclea