创新英语基础教程 进阶版-Unit8

Unit8Artificial

Intelligence创新实用英语基础教程INNOVATIONCOLLEGEENGLISH01Warm-up02TextA03TextB04Grammar05WritingLearningobjectivesAfterlearningthisunit,youwillbeableto:buildupvocabularyrelatedtothetopicofartificialintelligence;deepengrammaticalknowledgeaboutnon-finiteverbs;mastertheskillstowriterecommendationletters;enhancetheawarenessofusingartificialintelligencetobenefitmankind.01Warm-upWarm-upDiscusswithyourclassmatestheotherprosandconsofAIapartfromthosementioned

inthefollowingpicture.Warm-upDiscusswithyourclassmatestheotherprosandconsofAIapartfromthosementioned

inthefollowingpicture.ArtificialIntelligence(AI)hasbecomeasignificantpartofourlives,influencingvariousaspectssuchasbusiness,healthcare,education,andentertainment.Likeanytechnology,ithasitsprosandcons.ProsofAI:1.EfficiencyandProductivity:AIcanautomaterepetitivetasks,allowinghumanstofocusonmorecomplexandcreativework.2.Personalization:AIcantailorexperiencestoindividualpreferences,enhancingusersatisfaction.3.DataAnalysis:AIcanhandlelargevolumesofdata,providinginsightsthatwouldbeimpossibleforhumanstoobtain.ConsofAI:1.PrivacyConcerns:AI’sdata-intensivenaturecanraiseprivacyissuesifnotproperlymanaged.2.Overreliance:ToomuchdependenceonAIcanleadtoadeclineinhumanskillsandcriticalthinking.3.LackofControl:ThereisariskthatAIsystemscouldbecometoocomplexforhumanstofullyunderstandorcontrol.Therefore,it’simportanttoapproachAIdevelopmentandimplementationwithabalancedperspective,consideringboththepotentialbenefitsandtherisks.02TextAAI:IsItMakingOurWorldBetterorWorse?HowAIischangingourworldisaquestionthathasbeenoneveryone’smindsincetechnologystartedbecomingmorepopularinourlives.AIischangingourworldinmanywaysthroughitsapplicationinseveralindustries,suchashealthcare,finance,andmanufacturing.AIisbeingusedinhealthcaretoquickenthedrugdiscoveryprocessandincreasediagnosticprecision.AIisbeingappliedinfinancetoidentifyfraudulentactivities,forecastmarkettrends,andsmoothfinancialprocedures.Inadditiontochangingthewayweliveandwork,AIisalsohavinganimpactonoursociety.Forexample,automatedsystemsarestartingtoplayaroleindecision-makingprocessessuchashiringandlending.Thiscouldleadtobiasesagainstcertaingroupsofpeopleifthedataisnotrepresentativeofthepopulation.AsAIbecomesmorewidespreadinoursociety,itisimportanttobeawareofthesepotentialrisksandtoavoidthem.Whatthenisthetruth?IsAImakingourworldabetterplaceornot?Theanswertothisquestionisquitecomplex.SomeresearchersthinkthatAIwillultimatelyenhancehumanlivesinvariousways.Forexample,technologymightassistusinfindingacureforillnesses,endingpoverty,andeasingtraffic.AIcanalsomakeourcitiessmarterandmoreefficientinthefuture.OthersraiseconcernsthatAImighthavenegativeeffectsonsociety.Forinstance,whenAImachinesincreasinglyreplacejobsthathumanworkershavetypicallyperformed,itcouldleadtosignificantjoblosses.Itcouldalsoleadtoanincreaseinsocialinequalitiesbygivingrichpeopleaccesstothelatestformsoftechnologywhileleavingthepoorbehind.Ultimately,itisuptouswhetherAIshouldmaketheworldabetterplace,asAIwillbeshapedbasedonourchoices.AIhasalreadybeguntochangeourworldinbothgoodandbadways.ThepotentialforAItocreateabetterworldishuge.Ifwecanmakeuseofitspowerforgood,AIcouldhelpussolvesomeoftheworld’smostpressingproblems.Butifwe’renotcareful,AIcouldalsomaketheseproblemsworse.It’suptoustodecidewhichfuturewewanttocreate.自从技术开始在我们的生活中变得越来越普及以来，人工智能如何改变我们的世界是每个人都在思考的问题。人工智能通过在医疗保健、金融和制造等多个行业的应用，正在以多种方式改变我们的世界。人工智能正被应用于医疗保健领域，以加快药物发现过程并提高诊断精准度。人工智能正被应用于金融领域，以识别欺诈活动、预测市场趋势以及使财务流程畅通。除了改变我们的生活和工作方式之外，人工智能还对我们的社会产生影响。例如，自动化系统开始在招聘和借贷等决策过程中发挥作用。但是如果数据不能代表某一人群，这也可能会导致对这一人群的偏见。随着人工智能在我们社会中变得越来越普遍，我们应该意识到这些潜在风险并避免它们，这非常重要。人工智能：它让我们的世界变得更好还是更糟？那么真相又是什么呢？人工智能是否让我们的世界变得更美好？这个问题的答案相当复杂。一些研究人员认为人工智能最终将以各种方式改善人类的生活。例如，技术可以帮助我们找到治疗疾病的方法、消除贫困和缓解交通拥堵。人工智能还可以让我们的城市在未来变得更加智能、更加高效。其他人则担心人工智能可能会对社会产生负面影响。例如，当人工智能机器越来越多地取代通常由工人从事的工作时，可能会导致大量人失业。它还可能导致社会不平等加剧，因为富人可以获得最新形式的技术，而穷人却被甩在后面。最终，人工智能是否能让世界变得更加美好取决于我们，因为人工智能将根据我们的选择而塑造一切。人工智能已经开始以好的和坏的方式改变我们的世界。人工智能创造更美好世界的潜力是巨大的。如果我们能够利用人工智能的力量，人工智能可以帮助我们解决世界上一些最紧迫的问题。但如果我们不小心，人工智能也可能会让这些问题变得更糟。我们想要创造什么样的未来取决于我们自己。TextAWords&Expressionsdiagnostic/ˌdaɪəɡˈnɒstɪk/adj.诊断的；判断的fraudulent/ˈfrɔːdʒələnt/adj.欺骗的，欺诈的automated/ˈɔːtəmeɪtɪd/adj.自动化的bias/ˈbaɪəs/n.偏见；偏心inequality/ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti/n.不平等；不平衡；不平均be

up

to取决于1. WhichisoneofthewaysAIischangingtheworldaccordingtothetext?A.Bydecreasingtechnologicaladvancements.B.Bydecreasingdiagnosticprecisioninhealthcare.C.Byquickeningthedrugdiscoveryprocess.D.Byreducingtheroleofautomationinfinance.2. Onepotentialriskassociatedwiththeincreasinguseofautomatedsystemsindecision-makingcanbe_________.A.decreasedbiasesindecision-makingB.biasesagainstcertaingroupsofpeopleC.increasedrepresentativenessofpopulationD.quickerfinancialproceduresCDirections:Therearefivequestionsorincompletestatements.Foreachofthemthereare

fourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceaccordingto

thetext.BTask1ReadingComprehension3. WhatisthepotentialimpactofAIonjobmarketsaccordingtothetext?A.Itcouldleadtojobcreation.B.Nojobcouldbedonebyworkers.C.Itcouldincreasesocialinjustice.D.Itcouldresultinsignificantjoblosses.4. HowshouldwetreatAIaccordingtotheauthor?A.ShapeAIonhumanchoices.

B.LeaveAIdevelopmenttoexperts.C.ImplementrestrictionsonAI.D.AvoidaccesstoAIaltogether.Task1ReadingComprehensionDA5. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stereotypes”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.HowcanAIenhancehumanlives?B.IsAIbeneficialorharmfultooursociety?C.HowisAIusedinvariousindustries?D.WhatarethepotentialrisksofAIdevelopment?Task1ReadingComprehensionBA.Directions:Completethefollowingsentenceswiththewordsandexpressionsfromthe

box. 1. ___________,havetomakethedecisionyourself. 2. It’simportanttoaccurately_________theneedsofourcustomerstoprovidetailoredsolutions. 3. Weregrettoinformyouthatyour________hasnotbeensuccessful. 4. ___________,AItechnologycanbeusedtoautomaterepetitivetasksinmanufacturingprocesses. 5. Theuseofrenewableenergysourcesisbecoming_________commonaspeopleseekeco-friendly

alternatives. 6. Social_________remainsasignificantchallengeinmanycountries,withdifferencesinincomeand

opportunities. 7. Itwill________mymothertodecidewhethertogooutingtomorrow. 8. Theuseofsmartphoneshasbecome________,withnearlyeveryoneowningone. 9. Automationhasthepotentialto_________certainphysicallaborjobs,leadingtoincreasedefficiency.10. Trainingprogramsaredesignedto________theskillsandknowledgeofemployeestomeetjobdemands.application

identify

ultimately

forinstance

increasingly

inequality

beupto

widespread

replace

enhanceUltimatelyTask2VocabularyBuildingidentifyapplicationForinstanceincreasinglyinequalitybeuptowidespreadreplaceenhanceB.Directions:Fillintheblankswiththewordsinthebracketsintheirproperforms.Task2VocabularyBuilding 1. Marywouldliketobemore___________(finance)independent. 2. ItwasthefirsttimeinyearsthataJapanese___________(manufacture)hadnottoppedthelistfor

importedvehicles. 3. Tastesandpreferences___________(various)fromindividualtoindividual. 4. Unemploymentisamajorcauseof___________(poor). 5. Itisimportanttoraisestudents’___________(aware)ofnetworksecurity. 6. Theyaredemanding___________(equality)rightsandjustice. fianciallymanufacturervarypovertyawarenessequalDirections:Thereare10blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefour

choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YouarerequiredtochoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothe

passage. 1. A.separation

B.cooperation

C.differencesD.similarities 2. A.together

B.cooperativelyC.independentlyD.partly 3. A.products

B.decision-makingC.numbersD.productionThemixofAIandhumanexpertisepavesthewayforbrilliantnewopportunitiesininnovationandproductivity.The

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betweenAI’sdata-drivenabilityandhumancreativitycanhelpusdealwithcomplexchallengesanddevelopnewsolutionsthatwouldbedifficultforeitherpartytoachieve

2

.ByworkingwithAI,humanscanprovidethenecessaryjudgmenttoimproveAIoutputs,resultinginmoreaccurate

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andimprovedproblem-solving.Task3ClozeBCBDirections:Thereare10blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YouarerequiredtochoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.The

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toachievingtheperfectbalanceofhuman-AIcooperationliesineffectivecommunication,mutualunderstanding,and

5

goals.Akeystepisidentifyingareaswhereautomation(自动化)canimproveefficiencywithoutlosing

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oraccuracy.Furthermore,sufficienttrainingisessentialtoimprovingtheskillsoftheworkforcetoadaptandworkalongside

7

.Humansmustbetrainedtounderstand

8

AImodelsworkandhowtheycancontributetothedecision-makingprocess.

9

,AImodelsshouldbeabletounderstandour

10

andcontexttoprovidebetterunderstanding.

4. A.way

B.method

C.road

D.key

5. A.shared

B.different C.same

D.various

6. A.quantity

B.quality

C.capacity

D.potentialTask3ClozeDAB

7. A.AI

B.technology

C.innovation

D.automation

8. A.that

B.what

C.where

D.how

9. A.However

B.Unfortunately

C.Similarly

D.Luckily

10. A.language

B.preferences

C.innovations

D.calculationsADCADirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesfromEnglishintoChinese.HowAIischangingourworldisaquestionthathasbeenoneveryone’smind._____________________________________________________________________________________2.Itisimportantthatweshouldbeawareofthesepotentialrisksandavoidthem._____________________________________________________________________________________人工智能如何改变我们的世界是每个人都在思考的问题。Task4English-ChineseTranslation我们应该意识到这些潜在风险并避免它们，这非常重要。WhetherAIismakingourworldabetterplaceornotisstillnotcertainnowadays._____________________________________________________________________________________Itisuptouswhethertechnologyshouldbeusedresponsiblyforabettersociety._____________________________________________________________________________________It’spossiblethatwewillcreateabrightfuturewiththehelpofmodernscience._____________________________________________________________________________________人工智能是否让我们的世界变得更美好，这一点现在还不确定。技术是否应该被负责任地使用以造福社会，这取决于我们自己。我们有可能在现代科学的帮助下创造一个光明的未来。Task4English-ChineseTranslation03TextBTherearenewsecurityconcernsaboutAIandyourownvoice.Yourvoicecanbestolenandusedbyartificialintelligencetosoundjustlikeyouanditonlytakesseconds.LawmakersandindustryleaderssaywhenitcomestoAI,it’sbeingintroducedtosocietysorapidly,withvoiceandtext,thatthegovernmentneedstostepinandprotectpeople.“Honestly,thistechnology,it’sincrediblysophisticated,”saidMikePappas,theCEOofModulateAIinSomerville.“It’sincrediblycoolinsomerespectstoseewhatit’sdoing,andtherearedefinitelyrisksthatarecomingout.”AnotherReasontoWorry

aboutAI—YourVoice

CanBeStolenMITcomputerscienceprofessorAleksanderMadryspokebeforeCongress,stressingtheneedforthegovernmenttoprotectpeople’svoices,muchliketheyprotectone’snameandimage.“Ithinkthislossofcredibilityofrecordingissomethingthatoursocietyiscompletelyunpreparedfor,”saidMadry.MadryisworriedabouthowAIvoicecanbeusedtocheatothers,especiallytheelderly.“Callingsomeoftheircloseones,askingformoney,ortryingtotrickthemintoacceptingsomeoffers—ifwebelievewearetalkingtoafriend,allofourguardsgodown,”saidMadry.Buttherearepositivestothetechnologyaswell.AtModulateAI,they’vecreatedaprogramtoprotectfemalegamersonline.AnotherReasontoWorry

aboutAI—YourVoice

CanBeStolen“Avoicechangertoallowpeopletotransformhowtheysoundsothatiftheywereworriedaboutbeingbulliedorharassedfortheirage,theirgender,theirrace,theywouldhavemorecontroloverhowtheyexpressthemselves,”saidPappas.They’recreatingasafeguardtopreventhatespeech,childpredators,andterrorgroupsfromusingAIforthewrongreasons.Butusershavesomeresponsibility,too.“Oneofthethingswe’velearnedinthepastiswhenweseeimages,welearnmaybethey’rephotoshopped.Maybeweshouldn’ttrustthatfromthebeginning,”saidPappas.MuchlikewedidwiththeInternetandsocialmedia,wearenowlearninghowtolivewithartificialintelligence.AnotherReasontoWorry

aboutAI—YourVoice

CanBeStolen担心人工智能的另一个原因——你的声音可能被盗关于人工智能和你自己的声音存在新的安全问题。你的声音可能被窃取并被人工智能使用，听起来就像你本人一样，而且这只需要几秒钟。立法者和行业领袖表示，人工智能正以语音和文本方式被迅速引入社会，政府需要介入并保护人们。“老实说，这项技术非常复杂，”萨默维尔市ModulateAI首席执行官迈克·帕帕斯说。“从某些方面来看，看到AI正在做的事情真是太酷了，但风险肯定也会随之而来。”麻省理工学院计算机科学教授亚历山大·马德里在国会发表讲话，强调政府需要保护人们的声音，就像保护一个人的名字和肖像一样。“我认为录音可信度的丧失是我们的社会完全没有准备好的，”马德里说。马德里担心人工智能语音会被用来欺骗他人，尤其是老年人。“打电话给他们亲密的人，要钱，或者试图欺骗他们接受一些提议——如果我们相信我们是在和朋友交谈，那么我们会放松所有的戒备，”马德里说。但这项技术也有积极的一面。在ModulateAI，他们创建了一个保护女性在线游戏玩家的程序。帕帕斯说：“变声器可以让人们改变自己的声音，这样，如果他们担心因年龄、性别、种族而受到欺凌或骚扰，他们就可以更好地控制自己的表达方式。”他们正在制定一项保障措施，以防止发表仇恨言论者、儿童猎手和恐怖组织出于错误原因使用人工智能。但用户也需承担（自我保护的）责任。sophisticated/səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd/adj.复杂巧妙的；先进的，精密的CEO/ˌsiːiːˈəʊ/abbr.（chiefexecutiveofficer）首席执行官；执行总裁ModulateAI一款AI语音调节系统，总部位于美国马萨诸塞州Somerville/ˈsʌməvɪl/n.萨默维尔市（美国马萨诸塞州东部城市）MITabbr.（MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology）麻省理工学院TextBWords&ExpressionsCongress/ˈkɒŋɡres/n.（美国及其他一些国家的）国会，议会bully/ˈbʊli/v.霸凌；恐吓，胁迫harass/ˈhærəs/v.侵扰；骚扰predator/ˈpredətə(r)/n.剥削者，掠夺者；捕食性动物terror/ˈterə(r)/n.恐惧，恐怖；可怕的人，恐怖的事TextBWords&Expressions

WhatisthenewsecurityconcernaboutAIaccordingtothetext?

A.Theftofpersonaldata.B.Theftofone’svoice.C.Theftoffinancialrecords.D.Theftofsocialmediaaccounts.2. WhatisMadryworriedabout?A.AIvoicetechnologybeingunderused.B.AIvoicetechnologybeingusedbytheelderly.C.AIvoicetechnologybeingusedtocheatothers.D.AIvoicetechnologybeingtooexpensive.BDirections:Therearefivequestionsorincompletestatements.Foreachofthemthereare

fourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceaccordingto

thetext.CTask1ReadingComprehension3. WhatsafeguardhasModulateAIcreatedtoprotectfemalegamersonline?A.Aprogramtodetecthatespeech.B.Aprogramtodetectterrorgroups.C.Afacialrecognitionprogram.D.Avoicechangerprogram.4. Theunderlinedword“transform”inParagraph7mostprobablymeans“___________”.A.changeB.speedC.beautifyD.listenTask1ReadingComprehensionDAWhatistheoveralltoneofthetexttowardsAItechnology?A.Positive.B.Objective.C.Negative.D.Contradictory.Task1ReadingComprehensionBDirections:Thereare15incompletesentences.YouarerequiredtocompleteeachonebydecidingonthemostappropriatewordorwordsfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.1. —Mike,shallwewatchthenewmovieat7o’clockthisevening?—

__________.ButIhaveanEnglishclassthen.A.ThankyouB.Soundsgreat C.Don’tmentionit D.Mypleasure2. Nowadays,lotsofnewwebsites_________

especiallyforsmallchildren.A.designedB.aredesigning

C.aredesigned

D.weredesigned3. Artificialintelligenceisbecomingmoreandmore___________indailylife.A.smart B.intelligentC.extensive

D.widespread4. Pleaseremember__________yournotebookheretomorrow.A.tobring

B.brought

C.bringing

D.brings5. ThepressshouldexpanditsinfluenceininternationalpublicopiniontomakeChina’svoicebetter

_________intheworld.A.hearing

B.tobeheard C.hear

D.heardTask2Vocabulary&StructureBCDAD6. Whileartificialintelligencemakeslifeeasier,italsobringsmanypotential.A.opportunities

B.benefits C.risks

D.advancements7. Wearesupposedtoprotectourenvironmentfrom__________.A.pollutedB.pollute C.polluting

D.beingpolluted8. Icouldn’tbelievemyeyeswhenIsawsomeonetryingto_______thepreciousthingsfromthemuseum.A.borrow

B.purchase C.steal D.admire9. Attheendof2022,OpenAIpublishedChatGPT,_________greatattentionamongpeoplethroughouttheworld.A.tocause

B.causing

C.havingcaused

D.tohavecaused10. Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithout_________.A.recognizing

B.beingrecognized

C.havingrecognized D.havingbeenrecognizedTask2VocabularyBuildingCDCBB11.InthedevelopmentstageofAI,peoplehavemanyconcernsaboutinformation________.

A.security

B.development

C.ability D.form12. ManypeopleareconcernedthatAIvoicemaybeabusedto________theelderly.

A.cheat

B.comfort

C.care

D.laugh13. Lindaisanexpert________itcomestoancientChineseliterature.

A.what

B.where

C.when

D.why14. When________forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.A.asking

B.asked

C.havingasked D.tobeasked15.

Teamworkisveryimportantinmodernsociety._______aneffectiveteammember,youneedtodevelopateamattitude.A.Become

B.Becoming C.Havingbecome

D.TobecomeTask2VocabularyBuildingAACBDDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesfromChineseintoEnglish. 1.先进技术能窃取人们的声音，这让人们担心隐私问题。_____________________________________________________________________________________ 2.显而易见，大数据的广泛应用正在改变着传统行业。_____________________________________________________________________________________Thatadvancedtechnologyiscapableofstealingvoicesworriespeopleaboutprivacy.Task3Chinese-EnglishTranslationItisobviousthatthewidespreadapplicationofbigdataischangingtraditionalindustries. 3.互联网正在缩短人与人之间的距离，这是不容忽视的。_____________________________________________________________________________________4.我犯了错误并不重要，重要的是我能吃一堑长一智。_____________________________________________________________________________________ 5.未来，机器有可能在某些领域逐渐取代人类的地位。_____________________________________________________________________________________Task3Itcannotbeignoredthattheinternetisshorteningthedistancebetweenpeople.Itdoesn’tmatterthatIhavemadeamistake.WhatmattersisthatIcanlearnfromit.Inthefuture,itispossiblethatmachineswillgraduallytakeoverhumanpositionsincertainfields.Chinese-EnglishTranslation04Grammar非谓语动词（nonfiniteverb）是不能作谓语的动词形式，没有人称和数的变化，但可以承担句子的其他成分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语等。例AIisbeingusedinhealthcaretoquickenthedrugdiscoveryprocessandincreasediagnostic

precision.Itcouldalsoleadtoanincreaseinsocialinequalitiesbygivingrichpeopleaccesstothelatest

formsoftechnologywhileleavingthepoorbehind.Grammar:非谓语动词Grammar:形容词、副词Grammar:形容词、副词ExercisesDirections:Thereare15incompletesentences.YouarerequiredtocompleteeachonebydecidingonthemostappropriatewordorwordsfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C

andD.1. AIhasthecapabilityofhavingdata________andanalyzedautomatically.A.collecting B.collectedC.tocollect

D.beingcollected2. Hislatestproject,________anewtypeofsolarpanel,hasreceivedwidespreadattention.A.developing B.developedC.todevelopD.develop3. TheITteamhastofindaneffectivesolution________thepotentialInternetsecurity

threats.A.addressed

B.addressingC.tobeaddressed D.toaddressBADExercises4. _________winterapproaching,thetemperaturewasdroppingrapidly.A.If

B.SinceC.Although

D.With5. Themuseumisanticipating

_________alargenumberofvisitorsthissummer.A.havingreceived

B.toreceiveC.receiving.

D.beingreceived6. Not

_________thenewsofhispromotion,Kevinwassurprisedwhenhiscolleaguescongratulatedhim.A.informedof

B.havinginformedof C.beinginformedof D.havingbeeninformedof7. TopreparefortheupcomingOlympicGames,theathletestrainedhard

_________theirphysicalcondition.A.tohaveimproved.

B.improvingC.toimprove. D.havingimprovedDCDCExercises8. Hayden__________spendhisweekendshikinginthemountains,butnowhetakinglongwalksonthebeachinstead.A.usedto;usedto

B.usedto;isusedto

C.isusedto;usedto

D.isusedto;isusedto9. __________bythebeautyofthesunset,thephotographertookseveralpictures.A.Impressed

B.Havingimpressed

C.Toimpress

D.Impress10. Allthetickets__________soldout,theorganizerannouncedthattheconcertwouldbemovedtoalargervenue.A.having

B.beingC.tohavebeen D.havingbeen11. __________

theopportunitytostudyabroad,Jamesdecidedhismajortonetworkengineering.A.Given;tochange

B.Giving;changing

C.Given;changing

D.Giving;tochangeBADAExercises12. ___________

thelatestresearchfindings,thescientistarrivedatgroundbreakingconclusions.A.Analyzing. B.ToanalyzeC.Analyzed

D.analyzed13. Engineersaredevelopinganewtypeofbattery___________

topowerelectricvehiclesforlongerdistances.A.design

B.designingC.designed D.tobedesigned14. Themanagerdetermined

___________theprogramdespitethefinancialdifficulties.A.completing B.tocompleteC.tohavecompleted D.complete15. Uponenteringtheroom,Ifoundtheprofessor___________

alectureonancienthistory.A.giving

B.givenC.togive

D.giveDCBA05WritingWriting：LettersofRecommendation（推荐信）推荐信是向某个单位、组织、机构或个人推荐某人或事物的信件。正式的推荐信常用于受被推荐人的邀请，为其在就业、升学或学术等方面所作的推荐。对于大学生来说，一般所接触到的只是给亲友推荐某人、某物或其他事物，属于非正式的推荐信，在日常生活中比较常用，也是考查的重点。GeneralStructure1开头段：说明写信目的；明确推荐对象2中间段：陈述具体的推荐理由3结尾段：强调写信目的；愿意提供更多信息GuidedWriting1.

Itisagreatpleasureandhonorformetorecommend...toyou.我非常荣幸地向您推荐…….2. Itaffordsmemuchpleasuretorecommend...toyou.我很高兴向您推荐……3. Atyourrequest,Ishallrecommendyou...应您的要求，我将向您推荐……4. Knowingthat...,Iamgladtorecommendyou...鉴于……，我很高兴向您推荐……5. ThereasonswhyIrecommend...toyouareasfollows.我向您推荐……的理由如下。SentencePatternsforReferenceGuidedWriting6. Irecommend...forthefollowingreasons.我推荐……，理由如下。7. Istronglyrecommend...toyouforthereasonthat...我向您强烈推荐……，原因是……8. Hehasbeengiventhetitleof“ExcellentStudent.”他被授予“优秀学生”的称号。9. Heisanall-aroundstudentwithexcellentgradesinallsubjects.他是一个全面的学生，各科成绩都很好。10. Iwillbemorethangladtoprovidefurtherhelpforyou.我将非常乐意为您提供进一步的帮助。GuidedWriting11.

Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseletmeknowfreely.如果您有任何问题，请告诉我。12.

Ifyouneedanyfurtherinformation,pleasecontactmewithouthesitation.如果您需要进一步的信息，请随时与我联系。

13. Ifanymoreinformationneeded,pleasedon’thesitatetocontactus.如果需要更多信息，请不要犹豫与我们联系。14.Ihopethatyouwouldtakemyrecommendationintoconsideration/account.我希望您能考虑一下我的建议。GuidedWritingUsefulExpressionshaveagiftfor...在……方面有天赋beskilledin...善于……beexperiencedin...对……有经验beanexpe