浙江省杭州北斗联盟2025-2026学年高二上学期期中联考英语试题（含答案）

第第页浙江省杭州北斗联盟2025-2026学年高二上学期期中联考英语试题一、AIntheDolphinencounterprogram,youcanexpectauniqueexperiencethatbringsyouclosertoadolphin.Notonlywillyouseetheall-naturaldolphinhabitat,butyouwilllearnimportantinformationaboutdolphinsandtheoceantoo.Onthefloatingplatform,youwillstandwaist-deepandexperienceahug,adanceandopportunitiestogivethedolphinmuchappreciatedrubdowns.Yourdolphintrainerwillcombineelementsofhands-oncontact,education,laughter,andadventuretomakethisanunforgettableexperience.Highlights:·Shallowwaterinteractionwiththedolphins·Greatforallages·Mealincluded·25minscenicferryridethroughNassauHarbourWhattoBring:·Swimsuit,comfortableshoes,towels,andcashorcreditcardforadditionalpurchasesKnowBeforeYouGo:·Allguestsarerequiredtocompleteaformbeforecheckingin.Parentsmustcompleteforallminors.Clickheretocompleteandsubmitthedigitalform.·Providedlifevests(背心)areoptionalforadultsbutrequiredforguestsunder18forthedurationoftheDolphinencounter.Price:·$100foradultsandhalfpriceforchildrenunder12.Taxesandfeesincluded.·Afullrefundwillbeissuedforcancellationsreceived24hourspriortothebookedprogram.Readytomakememoriesthatlastalifetime?Joinusandsecureyourspotnow1．WhatcanparticipantsexperienceduringtheDolphinencounterprogram?A．Afull-dayadventureinthedolphinhabitat.B．Ahands-onsessionofapplyingrubdownstoadolphin.C．AswimmingtouraroundtheNassauHarbour.D．Anacademiclectureonmarineecosystems.2．Whichofthefollowingisrequiredforallparticipantstojoinintheprogram?A．Preparingtheirownlifevests.B．Completingandsubmittingadigitalformbeforehand.C．Arrangingtheirownpackedlunchfortheday.D．Makingareservationatleast24hoursinadvance.3．Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A．Atravelplan. B．Aprogramreview.C．Anonlinead. D．Aneventguide.二、BIusedtobelievecourtesywasathingofthepast.VeryseldomhaveImetacourteoushumanbeinginthismoderneraoftheso-calledGenerationX.Recently,Ihadtochangemythinking,whenIcamefacetofacewithjustsuchahumanbeing.Ihadgonetoafashionablecoffeeplace,withtwoofmygrown-updaughters.Theplacewascrowdedwiththeusualloudcrowdandwehadtoclimbasteepflightofstairsinordertofindanemptytable.Afterenjoyingcoffeeandsnacks,wewerewalkingdownthesteepstairs,wherethenarrowspacemadeclimbingdownonlypossibleinasinglefile,withhardlyanyspaceforanotherpersontoeitherclimbuporcomedown.JustasIwasinthemiddleofthestaircase,agentlemanenteredthemainentranceoftherestaurantwhichwasrightinfrontofthestaircase.IwassureIwouldbepushedroughlybythismanwhowouldwanttogoupinahurry.IkeptcomingdownasfastasIcould,holdingontothebanister(扶手),inspiteofmyadvancedyears.Mydaughterswerealreadydown,lookingupatmeworriedly,hopingIwouldreachthembeforethestrangerstartedupthestairs,knowingIwasanervoussort.Nearlyreachingthem,Inoticedthemanstillstandingnearthedoor.Ireachedmydaughtersandpassedthestrangerattheentrancedoorwhichhekeptholdingopen.Ilookedbackthinkinghewasstillatthedoor,decidingwhethertogoinorfindanotherlesscrowdedplace.Isawhimgoingupthestairs,twoatatime.Itoldmydaughtersaboutitandallthreeofusfeltbadthatwedidnoteventhankthecourteousgentlemanwhowasactuallyholdingthedooropenforusladiestopassthrough.Weadmiredhiskindnessforboth,waitingforustocomedownbeforegoinguphimselfandalsoholdingthemainentrancedooropenforustogoout.Todate,IstillrememberthisgentlemanandpraytoGodtomakemorehumanbeingslikehim.4．Beforeshemetthemanintherestaurant,theauthorhadthought________.A．shedidn'tbelongtotheGenerationXB．therewerefewpolitepeopleinthemodernsocietyC．havingcoffeeinafancycaféwasnothercupofteaD．humanbeingswereborncourteous5．Inparagraph2,theunderlinedphrase"inasinglefile"meansthat________.A．walkingoneafteranotherinalineB．movingslowlytoavoidslippingC．walkingcarefullywithafileinhandD．movinginpairsdownthestaircase6．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Theauthorwasaladyinherearlythirties.B．Theauthortendedtofeelnervousinsomestressfulsituations.C．Themanprobablyknewoneoftheauthor'sdaughters.D．Themanwasunsurewhethertogointhecaféornot.7．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．StrangeencounteratafancycoffeeshopB．AnarrowEscapeontheStairsC．AManofMysteryandMannersD．AnUnexpectedLessonincourtesy三、CAbout300to350millionpeopleworldwideareaffectedbycolorblindness,aconditionthatmakesitdifficulttoseparatebetweencertaincolordegrees.Innature,thismeansflowers,insectsandanimalsmayappeartobelessvibrant(鲜艳的).Virginiawantstochangethat.Crewshavefixedspecialviewfindersatall43Virginiastateparkssothatmorevisitorscanexperienceaworldofvibrantcolors.Theviewfindersaredesignedforpeoplewithred-greencolorblindness,whichisthemostcommonformofthecondition.Subtypesofred-greencolorblindnessexist,buttheyallaffecthowpeoplenoticeshadeswithredsandgreensinthem.CreatedbySeeCoastManufacturing,theviewfindersareequippedwithspeciallenses(镜头)madebyEnChromathathelppeoplewithred-greencolorblindnessdistinguishbetweencolordegrees.Similartobinoculars(双筒望远镜),theviewfindersalsoenlargedwhatever'sinview.InVirginia,theprojectstartedlastsummeratNaturalTunnelStatePark,locatednearthefarwesterntipofthestate.NaturalTunnelStateParkfixedaviewfinderatanoverlookthatoffersa360-degreeviewofthesurroundingscenery.ThatfirstviewfinderwassuchabighitthatthestatedecidedtobringthemtotherestofVirginia'sstateparks.Fundingfortheprojectcamefromdonationsmadebyvisitorsthroughthe"Round-upforParks"program."Thecolorblind-friendlyviewfindersaren'ttheonlywayVirginiaismakingitsparksmoreaccessible.Thissummer,NaturalBridgeStateParkalsobeganofferingafreemobileappdesignedforpeoplewhoareblindorvisuallydamaged,"reportsWFXR'sThadRandasso.Theappprovidesaudioinstructionsin26languagestohelpusersfinddirectioninthepark,andalsoprovidesreal-timeaudiodescriptionsoftheuser'ssurroundings.8．WhatisthemainpurposeofthespecialviewfindersinVirginia'sparks?A．Toimprovetheeyesightofthecolorblind.B．Tohelpcolorblindpeopleseecolorsbetter.C．Tostrengthenthesecurityofthecolorblind.D．Tomaketheparksmoreattractivetothecolorblind.9．Howdotheviewfindersfunctionproperly?A．Throughbinoculars. B．Byenlargingviews.C．Throughexpertlenses D．Bychangingshades.10．WhywasNaturalTunnelStateParkmentionedinPara4?A．toshowthesuccessoftheprojectB．tosetanexampleforotherparksC．tohelpraisethefundfortheprojectD．tosupportthe"Round-upforParks"program.11．Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?A．ThefuturedevelopmentofVirginia'sparks.B．Anothermeasurebeneficialtotheparkvisitors.C．Thebenefitsofaprojectforblindpeople.D．Moreserviceofferedindifferentparks.四、DSatellitesareincreasinglyaglobal-communicationslifeline,allowingpeopleinremoteareastomakephonecallsandgetonline.ServicessuchasSpaceX'sStarlink,byfarthelargestofthenetworksoftelecommunicationssatellitesinlowEarthorbit,havebeenincreasingrapidlyduringthepastdecade.Thissuccesscomesatacost.Asthingsstand,mostsatellitesaresingle-useproductswithlifetimeof15yearsorless.Moreover,spacedebris(垃圾),whichmaycausedamagetospacecraft,isagrowingproblem.TherapidincreaseinsatellitesraiseskeyquestionsaboutwhetherhumanitycouldorshouldlittertheenvironmentaroundEarth.Astronomersareraisingtheirvoiceinthisdebate.Researcherspointingtheirtelescopesatstarsareincreasinglyfindingtheirobservationsruinedbylightstreaks(光条纹)fromsatellitesflyingoverhead.Inthepastfiveyears,someastronomersandsatelliteoperatorshavecooperatedtopreserve"darkandquietskies".Thiscouldinvolvechangingasatellite'sdesigntomakeitlessbrightororganizingactivitiessothatastronomerscanpointtheirtelescopestoregionswheresatellitesaren'tflyingatanygivenmoment.Beyondconflictswithastronomers'observations,discussionsaboutthefutureofsatellitesneedtoincludevoicesofIndigenous(本土的)peoples,manyofwhomhaveimportantconnectiontothenightskybuthavelongbeenexcludedfromdecision-makingandeconomicpowerinouterspace.InternationaldiscussionsneedtorecognizetherightsofIndigenouspeoplesinspaceaswellasonEarth,saysastronomerHildingNeilson.Theskiesareaglobalresource,sharedbyallhumanity,anditiscrucialthatdecisionsaboutitsuseconsidertheneedsofallaffectedparties.Satelliteconnectivityremainsessentialformanypeople,includingIndigenouscommunitiesinremoteandunder-servedareas.Thisiswhytheconversationaboutastronomyandsatellitescannotbereducedto"satellitesarebadandwemustsavethenightskiesforastronomy".12．Whatisthepublic'smajorconcernaboutthegrowingnumberofsatellites?A．Theymayposeathreattotheenvironment.B．Theycouldincreaseglobalcompetition.C．Theyaretoodifficulttomaintain.D．Theiroperationallifespanistooshort.13．Whydidsomeastronomersandsatelliteoperatorschoosetocooperate?A．Toprovideclearviewsfortelescopes.B．Todevelopnewadvancedtelescopes.C．Toidentifysaferorbitsforsatelliteoperation.D．Toboosttheglobalsatellitecommunicationnetwork.14．WhatisNeilson'ssuggestionconcerningIndigenouspeoples?A．Protecttheirtraditionalculturefromdisappearing.B．Expandtheirunderstandingofspace.C．Involvetheminspacedecisions.D．Improvetheiraccesstosatelliteservices.15．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Satellitedevelopmentneedsmoresupport.B．Satelliteconnectivity'sbenefitsremaintobeseen.C．Thereisanurgentneedtoexplorespaceresources.D．Satellitesandastronomymustfindwaystoco-exist.五、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenstartingcollege,moststudentsenjoyaweek'sstayoncampusbeforeclassesactuallybegin.16．.Belowareseveraltipstoeaseyourselfintocollegelife.ParticipatingincampuswelcomeactivitiesMostuniversitieshostwelcomeeventsbeforetheacademicyearofficiallybegins,includingfreshmenorientations(迎新会),campuspicnics,andentertainmentslikeconcerts.Participatinginsucheventsisagreatwaytolearnaboutschoolfacilitiesandunderstandcampusculture:17．.Whataretheirfavoriteclasses?Whatisthehistoryofyouruniversity?Itcanhelpyouobservecampuslifeoutsidetheclassroom.ExploringcampusGettingtoknowwhereessentialcampusresourcesare—suchasthestudentadvisingcenter,psychologicalservices,andthetutoringcenterwillmakeyourfirstfewweeksoncampusaloteasier.Takesometimetocheckoutthebuildingswhereyourclasseswillbeheld.18．.Anditalsofamiliarizesyouwithhowlongittakestogetfromplacetoplace.19．Beforegettingtooexcitedaboutallofthefunthingsyouwillbeabletododuringtheweek,rememberthatyoudohaveaprettybigschedulechangecomingup.Startingclassesmeansbeingindifferentplacesatdifferenttimes,soit'sagreatideatostartgettingusedtothatroutinerightthisweek.20．.Followingtheplannedtimewillensureyouhaveenoughsleeptogettothoseearlyclassesandstaywideawake.Ifyouhaveotherdailyroutines,suchasexercisingortalkingonthephonewithfamily,workthoseintoyourday-to-daylifebeforeclassesstartsothatyougetabetterideaofhowtheyfitinwithyourschedule.A.StartingaroutineB.SchedulingyourlifeC.Whatshouldyoudowiththattime?D.Whatdootherstudentsdoforfittingin?E.Whatcanyoudotoadapttothenewhighschoollife?F.Whathelpsyoumostistoscheduleyoursleep.G.Thiswillpreventyoufromgettinglostinthefirstfewdaysofclasses.六、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Iworkedatalocaluniversityandourofficewasstaffedwithafewstudentworkers.Oneofthemwasthe21．ofourschoolfootballteamandtheteamneededaplayer.She22．metalkingtoanotherstudenthowIhadalwayswantedtoplayfootball,butnevergotthechance.She23．toletmecomeandtryoutfortheposition.Iwasexcitedand24．.ExcitedatthethoughtofdoingsomethingIhadalwayswantedtodo,butscaredIwastoooldtokeepupwith25．twenty-year-olds.Therewasnoharm26．out,though.SoI27．tobeonthefieldforpractice.MyhusbandandchildrenthoughtIwascrazybutIdidn't28．.ItwassomethingIhadtodoformyself.Anyway,Iappearedonthefield.DuringdrillsIwasslowandgot29．veryeasily,butmydesiretodothis30．meforward.31．,nooneelseshoweduptocompeteforthat32．,soitwasmine!Icouldn'thavebeenhappier!WhenIstoodinasportinggoodsstore33．equipment,Istillcouldn'tbelievethatthese34．wereactuallygoingtoletmebeapartoftheteam!Weonlylostoncetheentireseasonand35．winningthechampionship!ItwasinspiringandthemostfunIhaveeverhadinmylife!Fromthenon,Ilearnedthattakingchancescanopendoorstoopportunitiesyouneverthoughtpossible!21．A．leader B．player C．coach D．member22．A．noticed B．overlooked C．overheard D．watched23．A．offered B．hoped C．liked D．wanted24．A．surprised B．scared C．disappointed D．delighted25．A．professional B．powerful C．excellent D．athletic26．A．trying B．coming C．finding D．pointing27．A．refused B．agreed C．loved D．hoped28．A．oppose B．accept C．approve D．care29．A．excited B．worried C．breathless D．frustrated30．A．attracted B．urged C．drove D．moved31．A．unhappily B．unwillingly C．unexpectedly D．unfortunately32．A．role B．stage C．situation D．position33．A．pickingout B．turningup C．takingon D．tryingon34．A．colleagues B．boys C．teachers D．girls35．A．resultedin B．endedup C．contributedto D．benefitfrom七、非选择题部分阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Sinceitscreationinthe12thcentury,AThousandMilesofRiversandMountains36．(recognize)asamasterpieceoftraditionalChinesepainting.Butperhapsjustasstunningastheworkitselfisthefact37．itwascreatedbyWangXimeng(1096-1119)fromtheNorthernSongDynasty.Inthisfamouslandscapescroll(画卷),Wangusedbrightbluesandgreensonadarkochrebackground,astyletypical38．GreenandBlueLandscapepaintingthatfirstappearedduringtheTangDynasty.Variousdrybrushtechniques—39．(particular)theax-cuttexturestroke(斧劈皴)andthehempfibertexturestroke(长披麻皴)—40．(adopt)todepictlayersofrollingmountainsandvastriversinthree-dimensional41．(form).Inthismanner,theartistdemonstratedChinesepeople'sloveforlifeandamazedthewholeworldwithaestheticpleasure.Stretchingnearly12meterslong,Wang'smasterpieceis42．(possible)totakeinallatonce.AccordingtoChinesescholars,longlandscapepaintingsofthissortshouldbe"read"fromrighttoleft.When43．(handle)suchscrolls,peopleshouldunrollandstudythemonesectionat44．time.Itisalsoadvisedtoreviewtheimagesfromlefttorightwhenthescrollisrerolled.TheonlysurvivingworkbyWangXimengistodayinthe45．(collect)ofthePalaceMuseuminBeijing.八、第一节（满分15分）46．假定你是李华，你校计划举办一次英语周活动，外教Mr.Smith提出了两个方案："EnglishSongCompetition"和"EnglishWordSpellingContest"，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.你的选择；2.说明理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式作答。DearMr.Smith,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua九、第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Growingupinasmallvillageinthecareofmygrandmotheraffectedmychildhoodwithamixofloveandsimplepleasures.Everydayafterschool,I'dhurrytoGrandmother'swelcominghome,greetedbythesmelloffreshlybakedcookiesandthewarmthofthefireplace.Wewouldspendhourstogethergardening,baking,andespeciallyknitting(编织).Eachbirthday,Grandmotherwouldgiftmeahand-knittedsweaterwithbrightcolorsandcomplexpatterns,whichIhelddear.Later,Imovedtothecityformystudies,leavingthecountrysideandGrandmotherbehind.Gettingusedtotheexcitingcitylifeandburdenedbyanincreasinglydemandingacademicschedule,IfoundmyselfunwillingtocallGrandmother.Althoughthehandmadesweaterkeptarrivingeachyear,myappreciationforitdecreased.Thebright,old-fashionedpatternslookedoutofplaceamongthemodernandfashionableclothesofmyclassmates.Beforemy18thbirthday,apackagefromGrandmotherarrivedontimeagain.InsidewasGrandmother'slatestcreation.Thesweaterwasascolorfulasever,witheye-catchingdesigns,butitmightcauseembarrassmentifIworeitinschool.Inamomentofdisappointment,Ithrewthesweateraside."Whycouldn'tGrandmotherjustbelikemyfriends'relativeswhogiftedfashionableclothesorsmartdevices?Whydoesshesticktosuchanold-fashionedtradition?"Icomplainedtomymother.Mymotherwassadwhensheheardmywords."Yourgrandmotherisgettingolder,andhereyesightisnotsogoodasitusedtobe,"shereplied."Despitethis,sheinsistsonkeepingthebirthdaytraditionalive."Shecontinued,hervoicetrembling(颤抖),"Sherejectedmyadvice,spendingmonthsknittingthatsweater.Everystitch(一针)isfilledwithherloveforyou.Shecouldeasilybuysomethingfromthestore,butshechoosestomakethesweaterbecauseitmeanssomethingmore."注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Asenseofshamesuddenlywashedoverme.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onmybirthday,Iwalkedintotheclassroomwearingthesweater.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．B3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了海豚互动体验项目，强调游客可近距离接触海豚、参与浅水互动活动，享受包含餐饮和观光渡轮的全方位体验，同时提供参与须知、装备要求及价格信息，鼓励游客提前预订以创造难忘回忆。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．细节理解题。根据第二段中"Onthefloatingplatform,youwillstandwaist-deepandexperienceahug,adanceandopportunitiestogivethedolphinmuchappreciatedrubdowns."在浮动平台上，你将站在齐腰深的水中，体验与海豚的相拥、共舞，还有机会为海豚进行备受它们喜爱的抚摸按摩。可知，参与者能获得亲手给海豚按摩的实践体验。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据KnowBeforeYouGo部分中"Allguestsarerequiredtocompleteaformbeforecheckingin.Parentsmustcompleteforallminors.Clickheretocompleteandsubmitthedigitalform."所有游客需在签到前填写一份表格。未成年人需由家长代为填写。点击此处填写并提交电子表格。可知，所有参与者都必须提前填写并提交电子表格。故选B。3．推理判断题。根据第一段"IntheDolphinencounterprogram,youcanexpectauniqueexperiencethatbringsyouclosertoadolphin.Notonlywillyouseetheall-naturaldolphinhabitat,butyouwilllearnimportantinformationaboutdolphinsandtheoceantoo."在海豚互动体验项目中，你将收获一段独特的经历，让你与海豚愈发亲近。你不仅能亲眼见到海豚纯天然的栖息环境，还能了解到关于海豚与海洋的重要知识。可知本文介绍了海豚邂逅项目的内容、价格、预订方式等信息，具有明显的推广性质，符合在线广告的特征。因此这段文字很可能是一则在线广告。故选C。【答案】4．B5．A6．B7．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者原本认为在当代社会礼貌已成为过去式，但一次在咖啡店与一位绅士的偶遇改变了她的看法，作者通过描述这位绅士等待自己和女儿下楼并为其扶门的善举，表达了对这位绅士的钦佩，并希望社会上有更多像他一样有礼貌的人。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案4．细节理解题。根据第一段"Iusedtobelievecourtesywasathingofthepast.VeryseldomhaveImetacourteoushumanbeinginthismoderneraoftheso-calledGenerationX."我曾以为礼貌已成为过去式。在这个所谓的X世代的现代社会里，我很少遇到有礼貌的人。可知，作者在遇到餐厅里的男士前，认为现代社会中礼貌的人很少。故选B。5．词义猜测题。根据第二段中的"Afterenjoyingcoffeeandsnacks,wewerewalkingdownthesteepstairs,wherethenarrowspace"享用完咖啡和点心后，我们走下陡峭的楼梯，那里狭窄的空间；以及"withhardlyanyspaceforanotherpersontoeitherclimbuporcomedown."几乎没有空间让另一个人爬上去或下来)"可知，楼梯陡峭，且空间狭窄，因此一次只能走一个人，画线部分inasinglefile指"楼梯太窄，一次只能容纳一个人"。故选A。6．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"Mydaughterswerealreadydown,lookingupatmeworriedly,hopingIwouldreachthembeforethestrangerstartedupthestairs,knowingIwasanervoussort."我的女儿们已经下楼了，担忧地抬头看着我，她们知道我是个容易紧张的人，所以希望我能在陌生人上楼前走到她们身边。可知，作者在有压力的情况下容易紧张。故选B。7．标题归纳题。根据第一段"Iusedtobelievecourtesywasathingofthepast.VeryseldomhaveImetacourteoushumanbeinginthismoderneraoftheso-calledGenerationX."我曾以为礼貌已成为过去式。在这个所谓的X世代的现代社会里，我很少遇到有礼貌的人；以及下文可知，文章开篇作者认为现代社会缺乏礼貌，后因在咖啡馆遇到一位有礼貌的男士——他主动等作者一行人下楼再上楼，还为她们扶门——改变了原有看法。"一次意外的礼貌教育"符合文章主旨，适合用作标题。故选D。【答案】8．B9．C10．A11．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，弗吉尼亚州为改善色盲游客的游览体验，在所有43个州立公园安装了特殊观景器，帮助红绿色盲人群区分色彩层次，且该观景器还具有放大功能；此外，弗吉尼亚州还通过其他方式，如提供免费移动应用程序，努力使公园对残障人士更加友好。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Crewshavefixedspecialviewfindersatall43Virginiastateparkssothatmorevisitorscanexperienceaworldofvibrantcolors.Theviewfindersaredesignedforpeoplewithred-greencolorblindness"工作人员在弗吉尼亚州所有43个州立公园都安装了特殊观景器，以便更多游客能体验到色彩鲜艳的世界。这些观景器是为红绿色盲患者设计的。可知，特殊观景器的主要目的是帮助色盲患者更好地看见色彩。故选B。9．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"CreatedbySeeCoastManufacturing,theviewfindersareequippedwithspeciallenses(镜头)madebyEnChromathathelppeoplewithred-greencolorblindnessdistinguishbetweencolordegrees."由SeeCoastManufacturing出品，这些观景器配备了EnChroma公司制造的特殊镜头，帮助红绿色盲患者区分色彩层次)"可知，观景器通过特殊镜头实现正常功能。故选C。10．推理判断题。根据第四段中的"InVirginia,theprojectstartedlastsummeratNaturalTunnelStatePark,locatednearthefarwesterntipofthestate.NaturalTunnelStateParkfixedaviewfinderatanoverlookthatoffersa360-degreeviewofthesurroundingscenery.ThatfirstviewfinderwassuchabighitthatthestatedecidedtobringthemtotherestofVirginia'sstateparks."该项目于去年夏天在弗吉尼亚州最西端附近的自然隧道州立公园启动。自然隧道州立公园在一处观景台安装了一台观景器，这里可360度俯瞰周边景色。这台首台观景器大获成功，因此该州决定将其推广至弗吉尼亚州其他所有州立公园。可知，提及自然隧道州立公园是为了体现该项目的成功，进而说明推广的原因。故选A。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段"‘Thecolorblind-friendlyviewfindersaren'ttheonlywayVirginiaismakingitsparksmoreaccessible.Thissummer,NaturalBridgeStateParkalsobeganofferingafreemobileappdesignedforpeoplewhoareblindorvisuallydamaged,'reportsWFXR'sThadRandasso.Theappprovidesaudioinstructionsin26languagestohelpusersfinddirectioninthepark,andalsoprovidesreal-timeaudiodescriptionsoftheuser'ssurroundings."WFXR电视台的萨德・兰达索报道称："这款对色盲友好的观景器并非弗吉尼亚州让公园更易便捷使用的唯一举措。今年夏天，天然桥州立公园还开始提供一款免费移动应用程序，专为盲人或视力受损者设计。"该应用程序提供26种语言的语音导航指引，帮助用户在公园内辨别方向，同时还能实时语音描述用户周边的环境。可知，该段重点介绍另一项为公园游客（盲人或视力受损者）提供便利的措施。故选B。【答案】12．A13．A14．C15．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，卫星作为全球通信的重要手段在快速发展，但其带来的空间垃圾和对天文学观测的干扰等问题引发关注；文章强调在讨论卫星未来时，除考虑天文学家的需求外，还需纳入本土居民等各方意见，因为天空是全人类的共同资源，需平衡各方需求。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"TherapidincreaseinsatellitesraiseskeyquestionsaboutwhetherhumanitycouldorshouldlittertheenvironmentaroundEarth."卫星数量的迅速增加引发了一个关键问题：人类是否能够或应该在地球周围的环境中乱扔垃圾。可知，公众主要担心卫星数量的增长可能对环境构成威胁。故选A。13．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Researcherspointingtheirtelescopesatstarsareincreasinglyfindingtheirobservationsruinedbylightstreaks(光条纹)fromsatellitesflyingoverhead.Inthepastfiveyears,someastronomersandsatelliteoperatorshavecooperatedtopreserve‘darkandquietskies'."研究人员用望远镜对准恒星时，越来越多地发现他们的观测被头顶上飞行的卫星发出的光条纹破坏了。在过去的五年里，一些天文学家和卫星运营商合作保护"黑暗宁静的天空"。可知，一些天文学家和卫星运营商选择合作是为了给望远镜提供清晰的视野。故选A。14．细节理解题。根据第四段"Beyondconflictswithastronomers'observations,discussionsaboutthefutureofsatellitesneedtoincludevoicesofIndigenous(本土的)peoples,manyofwhomhaveimportantconnectiontothenightskybuthavelongbeenexcludedfromdecision-makingandeconomicpowerinouterspace.InternationaldiscussionsneedtorecognizetherightsofIndigenouspeoplesinspaceaswellasonEarth,saysastronomerHildingNeilson.("除了与天文学家的观测发生冲突外，关于卫星未来的讨论还需要包括本土人民的声音，他们中的许多人与夜空有着重要的联系，但长期以来一直被排除在外层空间的决策和经济权力之外。天文学家HildingNeilson说，国际讨论需要承认本土人民在太空和地球上的权利。可知，Neilson建议让本土人民参与太空决策。故选C15．推理判断题。根据最后一段"Theskiesareaglobalresource,sharedbyallhumanity,anditiscrucialthatdecisionsaboutitsuseconsidertheneedsofallaffectedparties.Satelliteconnectivityremainsessentialformanypeople,includingIndigenouscommunitiesinremoteandunder-servedareas.Thisiswhytheconversationaboutastronomyandsatellitescannotbereducedto‘satellitesarebadandwemustsavethenightskiesforastronomy'."天空是一种全球资源，由全人类共享，关于其使用的决策必须考虑到所有受影响方的需求，这一点至关重要。卫星连接对许多人来说仍然至关重要，包括偏远和服务不足地区的本土社区。这就是为什么关于天文学和卫星的讨论不能简化为"卫星是坏的，我们必须为天文学拯救夜空"。可推知，卫星和天文学必须找到共存的方法。故选D。【答案】16．C；17．D；18．G；19．A；20．F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，为即将开始大学生活的学生提供了几条建议，包括参加校园迎新活动、探索校园以及提前适应课程时间表等，以帮助他们更轻松地融入大学生活。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前"Whenstartingcollege,moststudentsenjoyaweek'sstayoncampusbeforeclassesactuallybegin."刚上大学时，大多数学生在正式上课前会在校园里待一周；以及空后"Belowareseveraltipstoeaseyourselfintocollegelife."