2026年黑龙江省哈尔滨市附属中学八年级英语第6章阅读理解练习题及答案

2026年黑龙江省哈尔滨市附属中学八年级英语第6章阅读理解练习题及答案第1页共1页2026年黑龙江省哈尔滨市附属中学八年级英语第6章阅读理解练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"unique"meaninthesentence"Themuseumhasauniquecollectionofancientartifacts."?A.OrdinaryB.ExpensiveC.DifferentD.Rare参考答案：C2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthefunctionoftheGreatWall?A.Itwasmainlybuiltfortrade.B.Itservedasanaturalbarrier.C.Itwasusedonlyformilitarypurposes.D.Itconnectedonlynorthernandsoutherncities.参考答案：B3.Ifastudentgets85%onatest,howmanymarksdidtheyscoreoutof100?A.15B.85C.100D.115参考答案：B4.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepastcontinuoustense?A.Shewritealetterwhenthephonerang.B.Hewasplayingfootballat4PMyesterday.C.Theydidn'tgotothepartybecausetheywastired.D.IwatchTValldaylastweekend.参考答案：B5.Whatisthemainideaofanewsreport?A.Toentertaintheaudiencewithfictionalstories.B.Toprovidefactualinformationaboutrecentevents.C.Tosellproductsorservices.D.Toexpresspersonalopinionsaboutpolitics.参考答案：B6.Ifthetemperaturedropsfrom25°Cto15°C,byhowmanydegreesdiditdecrease?A.10°CB.40°CC.15°CD.25°C参考答案：A7.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthepassivevoice?A.Theteamwonthematcheasily.B.ThebookwaswrittenbyJ.K.Rowling.C.Theyareplayingfootballnow.D.Mybrothercooksdinnereverynight.参考答案：B8.Whatdoestheword"beyond"meaninthesentence"Themountainpeakisbeyondourreach."A.BelowB.AboveC.InfrontofD.Furtherthan参考答案：D9.Accordingtothepassage,whichcountrywasthefirsttosendhumansintospace?A.FranceB.ChinaC.TheUnitedStatesD.TheSovietUnion参考答案：D10.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesarelativeclause?A.Thegirlwhoissingingismysister.B.Iboughtabookwhichisveryinteresting.C.HeisthemanthatItoldyouabout.D.Sheisateacherwhoteachesmath.参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Theboyoftenplaysfootball______theparkeveryafternoon.参考答案：in2.Mysisterisgoodatsingingandsheoftenperforms______herclassmates.参考答案：for3.WearegoingtovisittheGreatWallnextmonth,______?参考答案：shallwe4.Ifit______finetomorrow,wewillgohiking.参考答案：is5.Theteacheraskedus______wehadfinishedourhomework.参考答案：if6.Sheis______thanherbrother,soshecanreachtheshelfeasily.参考答案：taller7.Myfathergoestowork______careveryday.参考答案：by8.Thecatissleeping______thetable.参考答案：on9.Idon'tknowtheanswer,______you?参考答案：doyou10.Theywillhaveaparty______Saturdayevening.参考答案：on三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwasinprogressataspecifictimeinthepast.参考答案：√2.Inthesentence"Sheisreadingabook,""isreading"isapresentcontinuoustenseform.参考答案：√3.Thesimplepresenttenseistypicallyusedtotalkabouthabitualactionsorgeneraltruths.参考答案：√4."Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?"isanexampleofaquestiontaginEnglish.参考答案：×5.Theword"university"isanounandmeansaplaceofhighereducation.参考答案：√6.Inthesentence"Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework,""havefinished"isapresentperfecttenseform.参考答案：√7.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotheractioninthepast.参考答案：√8.Theword"beautiful"isanadjectiveanddescribesanoun.参考答案：√9.Thesimplefuturetenseisformedbyadding"will"tothebaseformoftheverb.参考答案：√10.Theword"quickly"isanadverbandmodifiesaverb,adjective,oranotheradverb.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.Whatarethemainfunctionsofthenervoussysteminthehumanbody?参考答案：①Controllingbodyactivities②Processinginformation③Regulatinginternalenvironment2.Describetheprocessofphotosynthesisinplants.参考答案：①Lightabsorption②Waterandcarbondioxideintake③Glucoseandoxygenproduction3.Howdoesthesolarsystemformaccordingtothecurrentscientificunderstanding?参考答案：①Dustcloudcollapse②Starformation③Planetformationaroundtheprotostar4.ExplainthebasicprinciplesofNewton'sthreelawsofmotion.参考答案：①Firstlaw:Inertia②Secondlaw:Forceequalsmasstimesacceleration③Thirdlaw:Actionandreaction5.Whataretheprimarycausesandeffectsofglobalwarming?参考答案：①Greenhousegases②Globaltemperaturerise③Climatechangeandextremeweather6.Discusstheroleofenzymesinbiologicalreactions.参考答案：①Catalysts②Loweringactivationenergy③Specificityforsubstrates7.Howdocellsobtainanduseenergyfortheirfunctions?参考答案：①Cellularrespiration②Glucoseandoxygenintake③ATPproductionandrelease8.Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenmitosisandmeiosis?参考答案：①Purpose②Numberofdivisions③Typeofcellsproduced五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）TheschoolscienceclubisplanningaseriesofactivitiestocelebrateEarthDay.Theyneedtodecidewhichactivitiestoincludebasedonstudentinterestandavailability.Theclubmembershavesurveyedthestudentsandcollectedthefollowingdata:Activity:PlantingTreesNumberofinterestedstudents:45Numberofavailablestudents:30Activity:RecyclingWorkshopNumberofinterestedstudents:38Numberofavailablestudents:25Activity:BirdWatchingTripNumberofinterestedstudents:20Numberofavailablestudents:15Activity:SolarEnergyProjectNumberofinterestedstudents:30Numberofavailablestudents:201.Whichactivityhasthehighestnumberofinterestedstudents?A.PlantingTreesB.RecyclingWorkshopC.BirdWatchingTripD.SolarEnergyProject参考答案：A2.Whichactivityhasthelowestnumberofavailablestudents?A.PlantingTreesB.RecyclingWorkshopC.BirdWatchingTripD.SolarEnergyProject参考答案：C3.HowmanymorestudentsareinterestedinPlantingTreesthaninBirdWatchingTrip?A.25B.30C.45D.65参考答案：A4.Iftheclubdecidestoholdallfouractivities,howmanystudentswillbeneededintotal?A.100B.105C.110D.115参考答案：B5.Whichactivityhasthehighestratioofinterestedstudentstoavailablestudents?A.PlantingTreesB.RecyclingWorkshopC.BirdWatchingTripD.SolarEnergyProject参考答案：A6.Iftheclubcanonlychoosetwoactivities,whichtwoshouldtheychoosetomaximizethenumberofstudentsinvolved?A.PlantingTreesandRecyclingWorkshopB.RecyclingWorkshopandBirdWatchingTripC.BirdWatchingTripandSolarEnergyProjectD.PlantingTreesandSolarEnergyProject参考答案：A7.TrueorFalse:ThenumberofavailablestudentsfortheRecyclingWorkshopismorethanthenumberofinterestedstudentsfortheBirdWatchingTrip.A.TrueB.False参考答案：B8.Whatistheaveragenumberofinterestedstudentsacrossallactivities?A.31.25B.32.5C.33.75D.35参考答案：B标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：C解析：Theword"unique"means"different"or"distinctive,"whichistheoppositeof"ordinary.""Expensive"referstocost,notuniqueness."Rare"meansuncommon,butnotnecessarilydifferent."Different"correctlyconveystheideathatthecollectionisone-of-a-kind.ThecorrectanswerisC.2.参考答案：B解析：ThepassagestatesthattheGreatWallwasprimarilybuiltasadefensivebarrieragainstinvasions.Whiletradeandcommunicationweresecondarypurposes,themainfunctionwasmilitarydefense.OptionAisincorrectbecausetradewasnotitsprimarypurpose.OptionCistooabsolute;theWallservedmultiplefunctions.OptionDisincorrectasitdidnotconnectonlynorthernandsoutherncities.ThecorrectanswerisB.3.参考答案：B解析：Tofindthemarksscoredoutof100,multiplythepercentageby100.85%of100iscalculatedas851=85.OptionA(15)isincorrectasitrepresentstheremainingpercentage.OptionC(100)isthetotalmarks,notthescore.OptionD(115)isimpossibleasthemaximumscoreis100.ThecorrectanswerisB.4.参考答案：B解析：Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanongoingactioninthepast."Hewasplayingfootballat4PMyesterday"correctlyusesthepastcontinuoustense.OptionAisincorrectbecauseitshouldbe"waswriting."OptionCisincorrectbecause"theywas"shouldbe"theywere."OptionDisincorrectbecauseitshouldbe"Iwatched"inthepastsimpletense.ThecorrectanswerisB.5.参考答案：B解析：Themainpurposeofanewsreportistoprovidefactualinformationaboutrecentevents.OptionAisincorrectasnewsreportsdealwithrealevents,notfiction.OptionCisincorrectasnewsreportsarenotprimarilyaboutsellingproducts.OptionDisincorrectasnewsreportsshouldbeobjective,notexpressingpersonalopinions.ThecorrectanswerisB.6.参考答案：A解析：Thetemperaturedecreaseiscalculatedbysubtractingthefinaltemperaturefromtheinitialtemperature.25°C-15°C=10°C.OptionB(40°C)isincorrectasitrepresentsanincrease,notadecrease.OptionC(15°C)isincorrectasitmatchesthefinaltemperature,notthedecrease.OptionD(25°C)isincorrectasitmatchestheinitialtemperature.ThecorrectanswerisA.7.参考答案：B解析：Thesentence"ThebookwaswrittenbyJ.K.Rowling"isinthepassivevoice,wherethesubject(thebook)receivestheaction(waswritten).OptionAisintheactivevoice.OptionCisinthepresentcontinuoustense.OptionDisintheactivevoice.ThecorrectanswerisB.8.参考答案：D解析：Inthesentence"Themountainpeakisbeyondourreach,""beyond"means"furtherthan"or"outofreach."OptionA(below)isincorrect.OptionB(above)isincorrect.OptionC(infrontof)isincorrect.OptionD(furtherthan)correctlyconveysthemeaning.ThecorrectanswerisD.9.参考答案：D解析：Accordingtohistoricalrecords,theSovietUnionwasthefirstcountrytosendhumansintospacewithYuriGagarinin1961.OptionA(France)didnotsendhumansintospacefirst.OptionB(China)senthumansintospacelater.OptionC(TheUnitedStates)sentastronautstothemoonbutnotthefirsthumanintospace.ThecorrectanswerisD.10.参考答案：A解析：Thesentence"Thegirlwhoissingingismysister"correctlyusesarelativeclause("whoissinging")toprovideadditionalinformationaboutthegirl.OptionBisincorrectbecauseitshouldbe"whichis"forinanimateobjects.OptionCisincorrectbecause"that"isnottypicallyusedinthiscontext.OptionDisincorrectbecauseitshouldbe"whoteachesmath"foraperson.ThecorrectanswerisA.二、填空题1.in解析：本题考查介词用法。根据句意“那个男孩经常每天下午在公园踢足球”，表示在某个地方，应用介词in。若填on，则表示在公园的表面上，与句意不符。2.for解析：本题考查介词用法。根据句意“我的姐姐擅长唱歌，她经常在同学面前表演”，表示为了某个群体或观众，应用介词for。若填to，则表示表演给某个特定的人看，与句意不符。3.shallwe解析：本题考查反义疑问句。根据句意“我们下个月要去长城，对吗？”，陈述句部分是WearegoingtovisittheGreatWallnextmonth，主语是We，助动词是are，时态是将来时，因此反义疑问句应用shallwe。若填dowe，则时态错误；若填willyou，则主语错误。4.is解析：本题考查if条件句。根据句意“如果明天天气好，我们会去远足”，if条件句的从句用一般现在时表示将来，主语是it，助动词是is，时态是现在时，因此应用is。若填willbe，则时态错误。5.if解析：本题考查宾语从句。根据句意“老师问我们是否完成了作业”，asked后面跟的是宾语从句，从句要用陈述句语序，因此应用if。若填whether，虽然也可以，但if更简洁；若填that，则不能表达疑问语气。6.taller解析：本题考查形容词比较级。根据句意“她比她哥哥高，所以她可以轻松够到架子”，than比较级连接两个比较对象，应用形容词tall的比较级taller。若填tall，则缺少比较对象；若填thantaller，则重复比较级。7.by解析：本题考查介词用法。根据句意“我父亲每天开车去上班”，表示交通方式，应用介词by。若填in，则表示在车里，与句意不符；若填on，则表示在路上的某个点，与句意不符。8.on解析：本题考查介词用法。根据句意“猫正在桌子上睡觉”，表示在某个物体的表面上，应用介词on。若填in，则表示在桌子里面，与句意不符；若填under，则表示在桌子下面，与句意不符。9.doyou解析：本题考查反义疑问句。根据句意“我不知道答案，你知道吗？”，陈述句部分是Idon'tknowtheanswer，主语是I，助动词是do，时态是现在时，因此反义疑问句应用doyou。若填don'tyou，则时态错误；若填youdo，则主语错误。10.on解析：本题考查介词用法。根据句意“他们将在周六晚上开派对”，表示在某个具体日期，应用介词on。若填in，则表示在某个时间段内，与句意不符；若填at，则通常表示具体时间点，如at7o'clock，与句意不符。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：Thepastcontinuoustenseisindeedusedtodescribeanactionthatwasinprogressataspecifictimeinthepast.Forexample,"ShewasreadingabookwhenIarrived."Thistenseemphasizestheongoingnatureoftheactionataparticularmomentinthepast.2.参考答案：√解析：Inthesentence"Sheisreadingabook,""isreading"isapresentcontinuoustenseform.Thistenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatarehappeningatthemomentofspeakingoraroundthepresenttime.Forinstance,"Iameatingdinnernow."3.参考答案：√解析：Thesimplepresenttenseistypicallyusedtotalkabouthabitualactionsorgeneraltruths.Forexample,"Thesunrisesintheeast."Thistenseisalsousedforscheduledeventsinthenearfuture,suchas"Thetrainleavesat10a.m."4.参考答案：×解析："Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?"isnotanexampleofaquestiontag.Aquestiontagisasmallphraseaddedtotheendofastatementtoturnitintoaquestion.Forexample,"It'ssunnytoday,isn'tit?"Inthegivensentence,itisapoliterequest,notaquestiontag.5.参考答案：√解析：Theword"university"isanounandmeansaplaceofhighereducation.Forexample,"SheisstudyingatHarvardUniversity."Nounsarewordsthatrepresentpeople,places,things,orideas.6.参考答案：√解析：Inthesentence"Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework,""havefinished"isapresentperfecttenseform.Thistenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathavebeencompletedatsomepointbeforethepresentmoment.Forexample,"Ihaveeatenbreakfast."7.参考答案：√解析：Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotheractioninthepast.Forexample,"Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforeshewentouttoplay."Thistensehelpstoestablishasequenceofeventsinthepast.8.参考答案：√解析：Theword"beautiful"isanadjectiveanddescribesanoun.Forexample,"Theflowerisbeautiful."Adjectivesarewordsthatdescribethequalitiesorcharacteristicsofnouns.9.参考答案：√解析：Thesimplefuturetenseisformedbyadding"will"tothebaseformoftheverb.Forexample,"Iwillgotothestoretomorrow."Thistenseisusedtoexpressactionsthatwillhappeninthefuture.10.参考答案：√解析：Theword"quickly"isanadverbandmodifiesaverb,adjective,oranotheradverb.Forexample,"Sherunsquickly."Adverbsarewordsthatmodifyverbs,adjectives,orotheradverbs,oftenindicatinghow,when,where,ortowhatextent.四、简答题1.参考答案：①Controllingbodyactivities②Processinginformation③Regulatinginternalenvironment解析：Thenervoussystemhasthreemainfunctions.First,itcontrolsbodyactivitiesbysendingsignalstomusclesandorgans.Second,itprocessesinformationfromsensoryorgans,allowingthebodytorespondtoexternalstimuli.Third,itregulatestheinternalenvironment,maintaininghomeostasis.Thesefunctionsareessentialforsurvivalandadaptation.2.参考答案：①Lightabsorption②Waterandcarbondioxideintake③Glucoseandoxygenproduction解析：Photosynthesisistheprocessbywhichplantsconvertlightenergyintochemicalenergy.First,plantsabsorbsunlightusingchlorophyllintheirleaves.Second,theytakeinwaterfromthesoilandcarbondioxidefromtheair.Third,throughaseriesofchemicalreactions,theyproduceglucose(sugar)andreleaseoxygenasabyproduct.Thisglucoseisusedbytheplantforenergyandgrowth.3.参考答案：①Dustcloudcollapse②Starformation③Planetformationaroundtheprotostar解析：Thesolarsystemformedfromalargecloudofdustandgascalledanebula.First,gravitycausedthenebulatocollapse,formingaprotostar(theSun).Second,theremainingmaterialinthediskaroundtheprotostarbegantoclumptogether,formingplanetesimals.Third,theseplanetesimalscollidedandmerged,eventuallyformingtheplanets,moons,andotherobjectsinthesolarsystem.4.参考答案：①Firstlaw:Inertia②Secondlaw:Forceequalsmasstimesacceleration③Thirdlaw:Actionandreaction解析：Newton'sthreelawsofmotiondescribetherelationshipbetweenabodyandtheforcesactinguponit.First,thefirstlawstatesthatanobjectatreststaysatrest,andanobjectinmotionstaysinmotionunlessacteduponbyanexternalforce(inertia).Second,thesecondlawstatesthattheforceactingonanobjectisequaltoitsmasstimesitsacceleration(F=ma).Third,thethirdlawstatesthatforeveryaction,thereisanequalandoppositereaction.5.参考答案：①Greenhousegases②Globaltemperaturerise③Climatechangeandextremeweather解析：Globalwarmingisprimarilycausedbytheincreaseofgreenhousegases(suchascarbondioxide,methane,andnitrousoxide)intheatmosphere.Thesegasestrapheatfromthesun,leadingtoariseinglobaltemperatures.Theeffectsincludeclimatechange,morefrequentandsevereextremeweatherevents,andrisingsealevels.6.参考答案：①Catalysts②Loweringactivationenergy③Specificityforsubstrates解析：Enzymesarebiologicalcatalyststhatspeedupchemicalreactionsinlivingorganisms.First,theyworkbyloweringtheactivationenergyrequiredforareactiontooccur.Second,theyarehighlyspecific,meaningeachenzymeonlycatalyzesaparticularreactionortypeofreaction.Third,theyareessentialforvariousmetabolicprocesses,includingdigestion,DNAreplication,andenergyproduction