高三英语一轮复习选择性必修第四册UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS学案

注表示该词的熟词生义。Ⅰ.阅读单词1.iconicadj. 符号的；图标的2.equatorn. 赤道3.barbecuen.(abbr.BBQ) 户外烧烤；烤架4.bakeryn. 面包(糕饼)店；面包厂5.butchern. 肉贩；屠夫；刽子手6.premieradj. 最著名的；第一的；首要的n. 总理；首相7.herbn. 药草；香草；草本8.hollowadj. 中空的；空心的9.hornn. (乐器)号10.primeminister 首相；总理11.frogn. 蛙；青蛙12.getawayn. 适合度假的地方13.kayakingn. 划皮艇14.peakseason 高峰季节15.domainn. 领域；领土；范围16.golfn. 高尔夫球运动17.straitn. 海峡18.monumentn. 纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹19.geysern. 间歇泉20.bungeejumping 蹦极跳21.geothermalpark 地热公园22.pouchn. 育儿袋；小袋子；荷包23.mammaln. 哺乳动物24.fencen. 栅栏；围栏Ⅱ.核心单词1.jointn. 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节adj. 联合的；共同的2.straightforwardadj. 坦率的；简单的3.ministern. 部长；大臣；外交使节4.divevi.&n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲；一心投入5.sponsorvt. 倡议；赞助；主办n. (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者6.arrown. 箭；箭头7.slogann. 标语；口号8.libertyn. 自由9.samplen. 样本；样品10.temporaryadj. 暂时的；短暂的11.phasen. 阶段；时期12.trunkn. 树干；(汽车后部的)行李箱，后备厢13.sessionn. 一场；一段时间；会议14.nestn. 巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点15.hatchvi. 孵出；破壳vt. 使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋16.grandadj. 大；宏大的Ⅲ.拓展单词1.foundationn.创建；基础；地基→foundvt.创办；创建；建立→foundern.创建者；创始人2.politicaladj.政治的→politicsn.政治；政治学→politiciann.政治家；政客3.locatedadj.位于→locatevt.找出……的位置；把……设置(在)；使……坐落(于)→locationn.地点；位置4.vibratevt.&vi.(使)振动→vibrationn.振动；震动；抖动；颤动5.entitlevt.给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利→titlen.标题，题目；称号，头衔；(竞赛、体育比赛的)冠军6.freedomn.自由；不受……影响的状态→freeadj.自由的；空闲的；免费的vt.释放；使摆脱；解除→freelyadv.自由地；无拘无束地7.distributionn.分布；分配；分发→distributevt.分发；分配；分布8.licensedadj.得到正式许可的→licensevt.批准；许可n.(＝licence)许可证；执照9.frequencyn.发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率→frequentadj.频繁的→frequentlyadv.频繁地10.violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的；激烈的→violencen.暴力；暴行→violentlyadv.粗暴地；强烈地11.biologyn.生理；生物学→biologicaladj.生物学的→biologistn.生物学家12.capacityn.能力；容量→capableadj.有能力的；能干的→incapableadj.无能力的；不能胜任的13.prisonn.监狱；监禁→prisonern.囚犯；犯人构词法：名词后缀-ology表示“……学”后缀-ology①biology生物学②ecology生态学③archaeology考古学④geology地质学⑤psychology心理学⑥sociology社会学⑦zoology动物学※⑧technology技术；工艺Ⅳ.重点短语1.benativeto 原产于2.feelathome 舒适，自在3.pickup 捡起；(无意中)学会；接收；(开车)接某人4.comeacross 偶然遇到5.aflockof 一群(羊或鸟)6.ahandfulof 少数人(或物)；一把(的量)Ⅴ.经典句型1.句型：修辞之夸张手法Thenoisetheymakecouldwakethedead.它们制造的噪音能够吵醒死人。2.句型：“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句Mostoftheirmusicalinstrumentsarereallyjuststicksfoundontheground，amongwhichthereisanamazinginstrumentcalledthedidgeridoo.他们的大多数乐器其实就是在地上找到的树枝，其中有一种叫作迪吉里杜管的神奇乐器。3.句型：Therebe＋名词＋定语从句Thereareonlyasmallhandfulofanimalsintheworldthatcandothat！世界上只有很少的动物可以那样做！locatedadj.位于；处于；坐落于(locatevt.找出……的位置；使……坐落(于)locationn.地点；位置)先练透单句语法填空/完成句子①Qingdaoisacitylocated(locate)ontheeasterncoastofChina，whichattractsmanyvisitors.②Shemadenoteofwhereherclassroomswere，aswellasthelocations(locate)ofthelibrary，cafeteria，andgym.Shecontinuedthisprocessforeachfloorofthebuilding.(2024·浙江1月卷；动作描写)③坐落在东海之滨，这个镇有着300多年的历史和20万人口。(景点介绍)Located/SituatedonthecoastoftheEastChinaSea，thetownhasahistoryofmorethan300yearsandapopulationof200，000.后归纳belocatedin/on/at 位于；坐落于besituatedin 位于；坐落于liein 位于freedomn.自由；不受……影响的状态(freeadj.免费的；自由的；vt.使自由；解放；释放)先练透单句语法填空/完成句子①Idounderstandmymother’sconcerns，butIhopetheywillgivemethefreedom(free)andchancetopursuemydreamsandlearnbytrialanderror.②您及时的帮助就像风暴中的灯塔，使我从困境中解脱出来。我由衷地感激您的援助。(感谢信)Yourtimelyhelpwaslikealighthouseinthestorm，freeingmefromthedifficultsituation.Iamtrulygratefulforyourassistance.③一从笼子里释放出来，蜂鸟就展开翅膀飞向开阔的天空，享受着新的自由。Assoonasthehummingbirdwassetfreefromthecage，itspreaditswingsandsoaredintotheopensky，enjoyingitsnewfoundfreedom.后归纳(1)havethefreedomtodosth 有做……的自由(2)befreetodosth 自由做某事(3)set...free 释放……；使……获得自由freefrom/of... 不受……影响的；没有……的freeofcharge 免费capacityn.能力；容量(capableadj.有能力的；能干的)先练透单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译①Withacapacitytospeak(speak)Englishfluently，Ihavenodifficultycommunicatingwithforeignvisitors.(申请信)②起跑哨声一响，大卫全力向前摆动双脚。他能感觉到能量流遍全身，驱使他以最快的速度向前奔跑。 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷；动作描写)Assoonasthestartingwhistleblew，Davidswunghisfeetforwardatfullcapacity.Hecouldfeeltheenergyflowingthroughhisbody，drivinghimforwardasfastashecouldgo.③我有能力完美组织将在本市举行的中国画展览。→IhavethecapacitytoperfectlyorganizetheChinesePaintingExhibitiontobeheldinthislocalcity.(capacity)→IamcapableofperfectlyorganizingtheChinesePaintingExhibitiontobeheldinthislocalcity.(capable)后归纳(1)havethecapacitytodo... 有做……的能力atfullcapacity 全力以赴(2)becapableof... 能够……句型公式：Therebe＋...＋定语从句【教材原句】Thereareonlyasmallhandfulofanimalsintheworldthatcandothat！世界上只有很少的动物可以那样做！先练透完成句子①我们学校有丰富多彩的旨在拓宽我们视野的课外活动。(活动介绍)Therearecolorfulafter-classactivitiesinourschoolthat/whicharedesignedtobroadenourhorizons.(定语从句)②小区里有一个美丽的花园可供欣赏，我们周末可以在那里放松。Thereisabeautifulgardentoenjoyintheneighborhood，wherewecanrelaxonweekends.③这次经历让我意识到，在这个世界上有很多人应该得到温暖和爱。(主旨升华)Thisexperiencemademerealizethattherearesomanypeopleinthisworldwhodeservetogetwarmthandlove.后归纳“Therebe＋...＋定语从句”句式常可根据需要转化成以下几种形式：·Therebe...doingsth·Therebe...todosth·Therebe＋...＋形容词短语句型公式：修辞之夸张手法【教材原句】Thenoisetheymakecouldwakethedead.它们制造的噪音能够吵醒死人。先练透完成句子①她第一次站在讲台上，她感觉如坐针毡。(续写心理描写)Standingontheplatformforthefirsttime，shefeltlikesittingonpinsandneedles.②当她听到这个坏消息时，她的心碎成了无数片，泪水如洪流般夺眶而出。(续写心理描写)Assheheardthebadnews，herheartbrokeinaboutamillionpiecesandariveroftearspouredout.③教室静得连针掉了都能听见。Theclassroomwassoquietthataneedlecouldbeheardwhendropped.④一个非常炎热的夏天，太阳从楼上反射下来，把停在下面的汽车都晒化了！Oneveryhotsummer，thesunreflectedoffthebuildingandmeltedcarsparkedbelow！后归纳夸张是比喻修辞的一种，是以言过其实的说法表达强烈的目的，它可以加强语气，增加表达效果。◎pickup捡起；(无意中)学会；接收；(开车)接某人【诵读领悟】①Withamixtureofsurpriseanddelight，Ipickedupthecutedogandfiredquestionsatmymom.我又惊又喜地抱起这只可爱的小狗，接二连三地问了妈妈许多问题。②Thoughhetrippedoverwithinthefirstfewkilometers，itdidn’ttakelongbeforehepickedhimselfupagainandcontinuedrunning.(动作描写)虽然他在开始的几公里路程中被绊倒了，但他很快就又站了起来，继续跑。③Thelifeguardmanagedtopickupthedrowningswimmerjustintime.救生员及时救起了溺水的游泳者。【佳句仿写】她正要拿起那块三明治咬上一口，就在这时，突然一只手捂住了她的嘴。Shewasabouttopickupthesandwichandtakeabitewhenahandcuppedhermouth.pickup(one’s)health 恢复(某人的)健康pickup(one’s)spirits 振作起来；重新获得信心维度一词汇语境运用1.Lackoftrustwillunderminethefoundation(found)ofanylong-termrelationship.2.Duetolackoftraining，Ifailedtogetthekeypointofmyspeech，forwhichIwasn’twellprepared.3.InthecourseoftheArtandCultureShow，therearevariousperformancesvarying(vary)fromsinging，dancingtorecitingpoems.4.Freedom(free)Dayisheldeveryyearon27ApriltocelebrateSouthAfrica’sfirstfully-participatedelectionsin1994，inwhicheveryonewasallowedtovoteregardlessofskincolour.5.Facialrecognitiontechnology，withitscapacitytoanalyse(analyse)ahugeamountofdata，hascomeintowidespreaduse.6.Thevolunteerswereproudtoseethepoorchildrenwearthenewclothessponsored(sponsor)bythem.7.Withitsdestinationlocated(locate)inBeijing，thisstudytripisshowingtheentirebeautytostudents.(活动介绍)8.Thebook，entitled(entitle)ReadPoetryandLearnHistorybyWangChunyong，issuitablefortheforeignerstolearnclassicalChinesepoetry.维度二阅读理解清障Ⅰ.熟词生义、一词多义1.Intheopera，theviolenceoftheheroine’sfeelingsimpressedtheaudiencedeeply. n.激情2.Eachcompanywasgiventenminutestomakeitspitch. n.推销的话3.Thesharepricedivedfrom75Ptoanall-timelowof50P. vi.骤降4.Anelephant’strunkisitsverylongnosethatitusestoliftfoodandwatertoitsmouth.n.象鼻猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思5.diveinto一心投入；跳入；迅速把手伸入①HehasbeendivingintothehistoryofChineseliterature. 一心投入②Hetookadeepbreathanddivedintothelaketorescuethedrowninggirl. 跳入③Hedivedintohispocketandtookoutacoupleofcoins. 迅速把手伸入6.jointn.公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节；连接处；接头(生义)adj.联合的；共同的①Eversincetheinjury，thejointsinhislegshaveachedintherainyweather. n.关节②Theywerejointownersofthehousebytheappointment. adj.共同的；联合的③Somethingmusthavebeenwrong.Let’scheckthejointbetweentheinnerandouterpanels.n.连接处；接头7.hatchvi.孵出；破壳vt.使孵出；策划；(尤指)密谋①Thefemalebirdmustfindawarmplacetolayeggsandhatchthem. vt.使孵出②Theyspentmonthshatchingaplantosurprisetheirteacheronherretirementday. vt.策划；(尤指)密谋③Somemotherbirdsmayteachtheiryoungtosingevenbeforetheyhatch. vi.孵出Ⅱ.构词法构词法合成词：动词＋副词→名词合成词：动词＋副词→形容词指出下列黑体词的含义1.(2025·全国一卷)Here’sthebreakdownoftheemissionsin2018fordifferentmodesoftransport. n.详细分类2.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Inafollow-upstudywith100universitystudents，theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseofwhatthegroupmembersactuallydidintheirdiscussion. adj.后续的；接下来的3.Thesupplydelaycausedamajorsetbacktotheproductionplan. n.挫折；阻碍Part1.应用文增分练(推荐信—旅游城市)假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Mike告诉你他本月底将要来中国旅游，想让你推荐一个值得去的城市。请用英语给他写封信，内容包括：1.介绍该城市；2.推荐理由；3.表示欢迎。用本单元所学词汇、句式完成下面的应用文【布局谋篇】开篇：点名写信目的，推荐旅游城市北京DearMike，①LearningthatyouarecomingtoChinaattheendofthismonth，Ican’twaittointroducethecapitalofChina(得知你将在月底来中国，我迫不及待地想向你介绍中国的首都)—Beijingtoyou.中段：推荐理由Therearealargenumberoftouristattractionsinthecapitalcity，Beijing，②whichattractmillionsofvisitorseveryyear(每年吸引数百万游客).③Youcaneitheradmirenaturalwondersthathaveexistedforthousandsofyearsorexploredistinctivehumanlandscapes(你可以欣赏存在了数千年来的自然奇观，也可以探索独特的人文景观).AlltheseattractionshaveshowedthehistoryofChinaandtheintelligenceandwisdomofitspeople，④amongwhichtheGreatWallisthemostappealing(其中最吸引人的是长城).结尾：表达期待Inaword，Iamsurethatyouwillfallinlovewiththesurprisinglandonceyousetyourfootonit.Lookingforwardtoyourcomingsincerely.Yours，LiHua【多元表达】⑤Inaword，Iamsurethatyouwillfallinlovewiththesurprisinglandonceyousetyourfootonit.(升级加黑词)→Inconclusion，Iamconfidentthatyouwillfallinlovewiththeamazinglandonceyousetyourfootonit.Part2.读后续写提能练拓展语料积累神态描写之“哭”(一)【语言素材】哽咽要哭/声音哑①withalumpinone’sthroat 喉咙哽咽 ②beclose/neartotears 要哭了③hold/fight/choke/forcebacktears 强忍住泪水 ④blinkbacktears 眨眼忍住泪水⑤inachokedvoice 用哽咽的声音 ⑥be/getchokedup 哽咽⑦one’svoicethickwithemotion 激动得连声音都嘶哑了泪眼模糊①misty 泪眼模糊的②eyescloudwithtears 泪眼模糊③tearsmist/blurone’seyes 泪水模糊双眼流泪/落泪①watery 眼泪汪汪的②tearful 含泪的③bringateartosb’seye 使某人哭泣 ④tearsspring/risetoone’seyes 眼里一下子涌出泪水⑤befilledwithtears/befulloftears 热泪盈眶⑥tearswelledupinone’seyes 热泪盈眶⑦bereducedtotears 落泪【靓句表达】1.Whenheheardtheoldsong，hefeltalumpinhisthroatandmemoriesofhischildhoodcamefloodingback.听到那首老歌时，他感到喉咙哽咽，童年的回忆涌上心头。2.Heconveyedhisappreciationtohisparentsfortheiryearsofsupport，hisvoicegrowingthickwithemotionhalfwaythrough.他对父母多年的支持表示感谢，讲到一半时，声音渐渐因情绪而变得低沉。3.Hestoodsilently，tearsrollingdownhischeeks，whilethemusicplayed.音乐声响起时，他静静地站着，泪水顺着脸颊流淌下来。4.Holdingtightlythemoneyearned，hefelthiseyeswatered.他紧紧攥着赚来的钱，觉得眼睛湿润了。5.Whenherbestfriendsurprisedherwithabirthdaycake，tearswelledupinhereyesbeforesheevensaid“thankyou”.当闺蜜突然端出生日蛋糕时，她还没说“谢谢”，眼泪就先在眼眶里打转了。6.Thelittlegirllookedupathermomwithwateryeyes，hopingtogetpermissiontobuythetoy.小女孩用一双水汪汪的眼睛抬头看着妈妈，希望能得到买玩具的许可。续写语料运用用表“哭”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵微场景：主题“社区力量”——得到社区帮助时感激的“哭”Dayafterday，thehousebegantotransformfromaplaceofneglecttoacomfortablehome.Mr.Ronaldwasdeeplymovedbywhatthevolunteershaddone.①Tearswelledupinhiseyesandalumpinhisthroat(他热泪盈眶，喉咙哽咽)ashesurveyedhisrenewedhome，②hisvoicethickwithemotion(他激动得声音沙哑；独立主格).“Ican’tbelieveyoualldidthisforme，”he③choked(哽咽着说).Thevolunteers，touchedbyhisgratitude，promisedtokeepvisitingtohelphimmaintainthehome.Witnessingthetransformationnotonlyofhishousebutalsoofhisspirits，theyrealizedtheprofoundimpactoftheirkindness.Itwasn’tjustahousethatwasrebuilt；itwasacommunitystrengthenedbythesimpleactsofcompassionandunity.单元测评33UNIT2ICONICATTRACTIONS(限时：35分钟满分：50分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共37.5分)A(2026·长沙市高三最后一卷)ExploreSriLanka：AParadiseAwaitsSriLanka，anislandnationintheIndianOcean，isahiddenbeautifulplacewaitingtobediscoveredandhassomethingforeveryone.NaturalWonders·YalaNationalPark：ThisnationalparkisoneofthemostpopularwildlifedestinationsinSriLanka.Itishometoawidevarietyofwildlife，includingleopards，elephants，slothbears，monkeys，andmanyspeciesofbirds.Takeaanimal-watchingtourthroughtheparkandseetheseamazingcreaturesintheirnaturalhabitat.·SigiriyaRockFortress：Alsoknownasthe“LionRock”，SigiriyaisaUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteandoneofthemosticoniclandmarksinSriLanka.Climbtothetopoftherockandenjoybreathtakingviewsofthesurroundingcountryside.Itisalsohometoancientruins，includingapalace，gardens，andfrescoes(壁画).Beaches·MirissaBeach：AbeautifulbeachonthesouthcoastofSriLanka，Mirissaisknownforitscalmwatersandattractivesunsets.Itisalsoapopularspotforwhalewatching，withmanytouroperatorsofferingtripstoseethewhalesanddolphinsthatliveinthenearbywaters.·ArugamBayBeach：ThisbeachislocatedontheeastcoastofSriLankaandisapopulardestinationforsurfers.Ithasalongstretchofgoldensand，clearbluewaters，andavarietyofwatersportsactivities，includingsurfing，diving，andsnorkeling.Thebeachisalsohometoanumberofrestaurants，cafes，andshops.Cost·Accommodations：Abudgetguesthousecancostaslittleas$10pernight，whilealuxuryresortcancostupwardsof$100pernight.·Activities：Avisittothenationalparkcostsaslittleas$10whileawhale-watchingtourcandoubleit.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了斯里兰卡的一些旅游特色。1.WhatcanweknowaboutthenaturalwondersinSriLanka？A.BirdsarerareinYalaNationalPark.B.SigiriyaRockFortressishometolions.C.SigiriyaRockFortressisrichinhistoricalremains.D.YalaNationalParkprovidesvisitorswithabird’seyeview.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据NaturalWonders部分第二段中的“Itisalsohometoancientruins，includingapalace，gardens，andfrescoes(壁画).”可知，锡吉里亚岩石堡垒有着丰富的历史遗迹。故选C。2.Whatcanvisitorsdoonthebeaches？A.Drinksomecoffee.B.Feedthedolphins.C.Boatwithfriends.D.Enjoyamazingsunrises.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据Beaches部分第二段中的“Thebeachisalsohometoanumberofrestaurants，cafes，andshops.”可知，游客在海滩上可以喝点咖啡。故选A。3.Howmuchshouldawhale-goerspendatleastforanight？A.$10. B.$30.C.$110. D.$120.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据Cost部分第一段“·Accommodations：Abudgetguesthousecancostaslittleas$10pernight，whilealuxuryresortcancostupwardsof$100pernight.”以及最后一段“·Activities：Avisittothenationalparkcostsaslittleas$10whileawhale-watchingtourcandoubleit.”可知，一位追鲸游客至少需要花费30美元才能住上一晚。故选B。B(2026·辽宁省重点高中开学考)Inacityofwealth，comfortandfinefood，there’saquietalley(小巷)inLondon’sCamdenwherepassers-byoftentakeseveralphotos.Sharingspacewithelegantcafesandworld-classbars，atinyfruitandvegetablestandseemstohavebeentransportedfromacountryroadfaraway.ButwhatmakesthestallevenmoreremarkableintheheartofCamdenisthatpaymentisonthehonorsystem—customersjustthrowcoinsintoanoldmailbox—andmostoftheitemsonofferarepricedat￡1inaneighborhoodwherefreshfoodusuallygoesformuch，muchmore.Thegreengrocerwithaheartofgold—aChineseimmigrantinher50swhorunsthisstallalone—israrelyglimpsedbyhergratefulcustomers.LenaWongrisesbeforedawntopreparetoworkinhersmallplotinEnfield，outsideLondon.Dependingontheseason，she’llreaponions，eggplant，greenpeppers，etc.Andsheworksseveralovernightshiftseveryweekatanursinghometosupplementherandherhusband’smodestsalaries.AllthisstartedonedayasshewassellingproduceinEnfield，andayoungcustomersaidthathebarelyearnedenoughtobuyfood.“Ihatetheideaofyoungpeoplewalkingaroundhungry，”LenaWongsaid.Theseedwasplanted.“Iwantyoungpeopletofeelthatthey’renotforgotten，andthattheyaretreasured，”shesaid.“Thatnoteveryoneisoutforhimself.Icanmakemoneyanytime.Rightnow，Iwanttogiveyoungpeopleahelpinghand.”Sometimes，whenshearriveslateintheday，customersgetachancetothankherinperson.Inreturn，she’sfondofofferingbotanicalsayingsthatshecollectedfromalifethathashaditsshareofbothjoyandpain.“Eveninafieldfullofweeds，”LenaWonglikestosay，“youcangrowsomething—ifyouputintheeffort.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在伦敦卡姆登区一条安静的小巷里，一位50多岁的中国移民LenaWong经营着一个特别的果蔬摊。这个摊位采用诚信付款制，多数商品定价1英镑，而她这么做是为了帮助那些吃不饱的年轻人。4.Whyisthestallinthequietalleyspecial？A.Itislocatedinanexpensivecafe.B.Peopleoftentakegoodpicturesthere.C.Itoperatesonatrustandcreditsystem.D.Thegoodssoldtherecomefromdistantplaces.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“ButwhatmakesthestallevenmoreremarkableintheheartofCamdenisthat...wherefreshfoodusuallygoesformuch，muchmore.”可知，这个摊位的特别之处在于它采用诚信付款制度，顾客把钱扔进旧邮箱即可。故选C。5.WhatcanwelearnaboutLenaWong’sjob？A.Itrequireshertoworklonghours.B.Itpayswelltosupportherfamily.C.Itattractswidespreadmediaattention.D.Itfocusesonorganicproduce.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“LenaWongrisesbeforedawntopreparetoworkinhersmallplotinEnfield...herhusband’smodestsalaries.”可知，LenaWong黎明前就起床去菜园干活，每周还要在养老院上几个夜班，这说明她工作时间很长。故选A。6.WhoinspiredLenaWongtohelpothers？A.Hergratefulcustomers.B.Ahungryyouth.C.Hermodesthusband.D.Someyoungpeople.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“AllthisstartedonedayasshewassellingproduceinEnfield，andayoungcustomersaidthathebarelyearnedenoughtobuyfood.”可知，是一个吃不饱饭的年轻人激励了LenaWong去帮助别人。故选B。7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLenaWongaccordingtothetext？A.Kind-hearted. B.Well-educated.C.Job-centered. D.Strong-willed.答案：A解析：推理判断题。通读全文内容，尤其根据第三段可知，LenaWong开设摊位，以低廉的价格向年轻人提供果蔬，还想用这种方式让年轻人感受到被关心，由此可判断她是心地善良的人。故选A。C(2025·山东德州三模)Birdersoftenexperiencethethrillofidentifyinganewspecies.Whenatappingsoundalertsanobservertothepresenceofanunfamiliarwoodpeckernearby，shestartsaphoneapptoidentifythebird.Justaspreviousstudiesshow，curiosityiswhatdriveshertoactnowandfindanswersquickly.Butthispictureofcuriosityisincomplete.Considertheappealofmurder-mysterymovies，whereviewersenjoythesuspenseratherthanrushingtotheending.Thisreflectsadifferentflavorofcuriosity—oneenjoysthejourneyofdiscoveryratherthandemandingquickanswers.AstudypublishedinNationalAcademyofSciencesexplainsthatwhilecuriositycandriveanurgentdesireforanswers，itcanalsosetpeopleupformomentsofdiscovery.Inthestudy，morethan2，000peoplewatchedshortvideosofanimated(动画)linesgraduallyformingshapesonline.Whilewatchingeachvideo，theparticipantsreportedhowcurioustheywereaboutwhatthedrawingwouldbecome，howconfidenttheyfeltabouttheirpredictionandhowjoyfulorfrustratedtheyfeltwiththeircuriositychangingasavideoprogressed.Theywerealsogiventhechoicetoeitherkeepwatchingthevideosslowlyunfoldorskiptotheend.Interestingly，greatercuriositymotivatedpeopletoslowdownandcontinuewatchingtoexperiencethewindingpathtoresolution，greatlyavoidingearlyanswers.Thefindingsdifferfromthepreviousstudiesbecausewatchingeventsunfoldovertimemaybemoreengagingthansimplywantingamissinganswer.Further，curiositymaybemoreenduring(耐久的)whenpeopleassumethatanswersareontheway.Whenopportunitiestoseekinformationareabundant，curiositymayfavoritspatientaccumulation.However，whenwaitingappearsunproductive，individualsturntoimmediateresolutions.Thefindingunderlinesthecomplexityofcuriosity，openingavenuesfornewexplorations.Learningnewthingscanbetough，butharnessingcuriositycanhelpusenjoytheprocessoflearninganddelightinovercomingchallenges，muchlikesolvingadetectivestory.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对好奇心不同特性的研究探索。8.Whydoestheauthorintroducetheexampleofbirders？A.Tocomparewithmovies.B.Toillustratequickcuriosity.C.Toshowbirdwatchingtechniques.D.Tohighlightspeciesidentification.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可推知，作者引入观鸟者的例子是为了说明人们在好奇心的驱使下会迅速采取行动寻找答案，即体现“快速的好奇心”。故选B。9.Whichsideofcuriosityhasbeenexploredinthestudy？A.Beingpatient.B.Stayingfocused.C.Avoidingsuspense.D.Seekingshortcuts.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Interestingly，greatercuriositymotivatedpeopletoslowdownandcontinuewatchingtoexperiencethewindingpathtoresolution，greatlyavoidingearlyanswers.”以及第四段中“Whenopportunitiestoseekinformationareabundant，curiositymayfavoritspatientaccumulation.”可知，这项研究探索了好奇心使人具有耐心的这一方面。故选A。10.Whatdidparticipantshavetoguessaboutinthestudy？A.Thevideolength.B.Thefinalshape.C.Theanimationstyle.D.Thecreator’scuriosity.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段可知，参与者必须猜测的是视频中线条最终形成的形状。故选B。11.Whatcanweinferfromthefourthparagraph？A.Theupcominganswerswilllessencuriosity.B.Theavailabilityofinformationreducespatience.C.Limitedinformationpushespeopletowaitlonger.D.Eventsthatdevelopslowlyfuelpeople’scuriosity.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第四段可知，当人们知道答案终会出现时，好奇心会更持久，说明“缓慢发展的事件会激发人们的好奇心”。故选D。D(2026·山东省威海市高考模拟)Thefireswentonforthreedayscontinuouslyinthesummerof2021，burningover13，000hectaresofwesternSardinia(撒丁岛).Mr.Poddi，aforestryexpert，warnssuchfiresareboundtobecomemorecommonandintenseinawarmingworld.So，theislandispreparing.Aspartofthepreparations，Mr.Poddi’steamhasinstalled20fire-detectionsensorsintheSantuLussurgiuforest.Thesesensors，whichhangfrombranchesthreetofourmetresofftheground，collectcomprehensiveinformation，includinggases，temperature，humidity，andairpressure.ThesedataarethenanalyzedbyAImodels.Ifanythingunusualisspotted，emergencyservicesarealerted.Untilnow，firedetectiononSardiniahasreliedonhumansight.Butusually，thefireisnoticedonlyonceithasstartedtospread.Thesensorsworkmorelikeasenseofsmell，identifyingthechemicalsintheaircausedbyhiddenfiresbeforeflamesandsmokearevisible.Thisallowsfirefighterstostepinbeforetheblazeistoolargetocontrolandtohaveaclearersenseofwheretotackleit.Thesensorsaredesignedtobeinstalledeveryfewhundredmetersinhigh-riskfirezones.Thisdeploymentcanmakesensorsmuchcheaperthanalternativewildfiresuppressionmethods.Onceinstalled，thesensorscanlastforupto15yearsandcanbeupdatedremotely.Giventhedifferencesinenvironments，AImodelsmustbetailoredtoregionalcharacteristics.AsystemforItalymaynotworkinCanada.Mr.PoddisaystheultimatetestforSardiniawillbeifthesensornetworkscanbedeployed(部署)withequaleffectivenessalongthepineforestsneartheisland’sbeaches.TheseenvironmentsareverydifferentfromthoseinSantuLussurgiu.Totrulyenhanceearlyfiredetection，sensornetworkswillneedtobeinstalledonalargescale.Evenso，theirrealimpactwilldependonhowwelltheyareintegratedwithotherexistingfirefightingmeasures，frommappinganddata-analysistoolstotheabilitytopromptlydeployfirefighters.Moreover，theriskoftime-wastingfalsealarmsfromsuchsensitivesystemsisveryreal.Overcomingsuchchallengeswillbringsignificantrewards.Allthevarioustechnologiescanandshouldworktogethertobuildastrongsolution.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了撒丁岛为应对日益频繁和猛烈的火灾所做的准备，重点介绍了新安装的火灾探测传感器及其工作原理、优势以及面临的挑战。12.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout？A.Thedatacollectedbysensors.B.Theworkingprinciplesofthesensors.C.TheroleofAImodelsinfiredetection.D.Thefirepreventionmeasuresontheisland.答案：B解析：段落大意题。通读第三段可知，第三段主要讲述了传感器如何收集信息、数据如何被分析以及异常情况如何被检测和报警，即传感器的工作原理。故选B。13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”referto？A.Detectinghiddenfires.B.Relyingonhumansight.C.Spreadingchemicalsintheair.D.Spottingflamesandsmoke.答案：A解析：代词指代题。根据第四段“传感器的工作原理更像‘嗅觉’，能在火焰和烟雾可见之前识别隐藏火灾在空气中释放的化学物质。这使得消防员可以在火势大到无法控制之前介入，并更清楚地知道在哪里解决问题。”可知，“This”指代前文中传感器“识别隐藏火灾释放的化学物质”这一行为，即“探测隐藏火灾”。故选A。14.WhyarethepineforestsmentionedinParagraph6？A.Tocomparecoastalandinlandfirerisks.B.Toshowtheflexibilityofthesensornetworks.C.Tohighlightthewidespreaduseofthesensors.D.Toprovetheneedforregion-specificsolutions.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第六段可推知，提到松树林是为了说明不同地区的环境差异很大，因此需要针对特定地区定制解决方案。故选D。15.Howdoestheauthorviewthefutureofthesensors？A.Theycanmakegreatprofits.B.Theirsensitivityneedstogetimproved.C.Theymustworkwithexistingmeasures.D.Theywillreplaceconventionalmethods.答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Evenso，theirrealimpactwilldependonhowwelltheyareintegratedwithotherexistingfirefighting