2025~2026学年湖南部分学校高二下学期期末校内检测英语试卷

2025~2026学年湖南部分学校高二下学期期末校内检测英语试卷一、阅读理解RethinkingNote-TakingintheAIAgeThegrowinguseofadvancedgenerativetechnologies,suchasChatGPT,hastransformedthewaywesearchforinformationandacquireknowledgeinmodernsociety—yetitbringshighenergycoststhatoftengounnoticedbyordinaryusers.Forinstance,aChatGPTquery(查询)consumesabout10timesmoreenergythanastandardonlinesearch,whichraiseswell-foundedenvironmentalconcernsamongresearchersandeducators.SuchhiddenenergycostsalsomatterwhenstudentsuseAItotakenotes,sincenote-takingisabasiclearningskillforallstudents.Inacademiccircles,twodistinctviewpointsonnote-takinghavegraduallytakenshape:onesupportsmachine-drivensummariespoweredbyAItools,whiletheotherstickstotraditionalhandwrittenapproaches.Thetablebelowcomparesthetwonote-takingmethodsinseveralkeyaspects.

AspectAI-PoweredNote-TakingTraditionalNote-TakingMethodBeingfullyautomaticRelyingtotallyonhandwritingLearning

EfficiencyBeingmoderate(中等的);

suitingquickreviewBeinghigh；

enhancinglong-termmemoryAdvantagesSavingtime;

producingwell-organizednotes;

storingnotespermanentlyDevelopingcriticalthinking;

enablingpersonalizedlearning;

requiringlittleenergyDisadvantagesConsumingagreatdealofenergy;

leadingtoshallowlearningTakingupplentyoftime;

demandingconstantself-disciplineAscanbeseenfromthetable,whileAInote-takingisconvenientandefficient,itcomeswithhiddenenvironmentalcostsandpotentialweaknessesinlearningquality.Advocatesoftraditionalnote-takingmethodsarguethathands-onsummarizingandaskingquestionsofferanenergy-efficient,low-carbonapproachthatformsstrongerlong-termmemories.Asclimateconcernsrise,thechoicebetweenrapidAI-generatedsummariesandcarefullyhandwrittennoteshelpsshapewhatitmeanstobeaneco-awarestudent.1.Howmanyonlinequeriesmayconsumeasmuchenergyas2millionChatGPTqueries?

A．2million.B．2billion.C．20million.D．20billion.2.WhatisakeylimitationoftheAI-powerednote-takingmethodinthetext?

A．Disorganizednotes.B．Timeconsumptionandself-disciplinedemand.C．Lowefficiency.D．Highenergycostandlimitedunderstanding.3.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?

A．Toreflectonhiddendigitalcosts.B．Towarnagainstsmartdevicerisks.C．TopromotethelatestAInote-takingtools.D．Tointroducetwonote-takingmethods.Myfirstcollegeclasswasphilosophy,anditcompletelychangedthecourseofmylife.Ourfirstassignmentwastowriteanoriginal1000-wordanalysisofAlbertCamus’essayTheMythofSisyphuswithinaweek.Thetaskfilledmewithdeepanxiety.However,throughalltheconfusioninphilosophyclass,Ifoundanswerstomyinnerquestionsaboutlife.Ienteredcollegeaimingforanengineeringdegree,drawntomathematicsforitsclearrightandwronganswers.Facingmyfirstphilosophytask,Iwasconfused.WhatwasthecorrectwaytoanalyzeCamus’essay?Theprofessorofferednoguidelinesandsimplysaid,“Iwanttoseewhatyoucomeupwith.”Iwasusedtoexamplesandexplanationsofsolutions,butthisassignmentofferednoreferences.Burdenedwithworry,IreadCamus’essayseveraltimesandtookcarefulnotes.Ithoughtofamillionwaystointerprettheessay,butwhichonewasmyprofessorlookingfor?Iattemptedvariousstrategies—brainstorming,ideamapping,outlining.Eventually,myideasbecamewell-organized.IsubmittedmyowninterpretationofTheMythofSisyphus.Aweekortwolater,theprofessorreturnedourpapers.Surprisingly,IreceivedanA.Theprofessorspokehighlyofmyoriginalreadingandlogicalthinking.AsIwentthroughhiswrittenfeedback,awaveofreliefandnewfoundconfidencewashedoverme.WhatIlearnedthroughthisprocessextendedwellbeyondhowtowriteacollegepaper.Ilearnedtobeopentonewchallenges.Thisclassandassignmentgavemethefaith,criticalthinkingskillsandcouragetoexploreanewcareerpath.Ileftengineering,studiedlawandbecamealawyer.Moreimportantly,ratherthanviewingcollegeasadirectsteppingstonetoajob,Icametoseeitasaplacetofirstlearn,thenpursueacareer.4.Whydidtheauthorfeelconfusedabouthisfirstphilosophytask?

A．Hehadnopassionforphilosophy.B．Nospecificrequirementswereset.C．Hefailedtograsptheessay’smeaning.D．Theteachergavenorelevantguidance.5.Howdidtheauthorcompletehispaper?

A．Bydrawinginspirationfromotheressays.B．Byabandoningideasandchangingtopics.C．Byadoptingvariousthinkingapproaches.D．Byturningtotheprofessorforassistance.6.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor?

A．Hehadintendedtobealawyer.B．Heregrettedquittingengineering.C．Hecametovaluereasoningskills.D．Heshoneincourseswithclear-cutanswers.7.Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?

A．Romewasnotbuiltinaday.B．Asmallkeyopensbigdoors.C．Nosweetwithoutsweat.D．Thinktwicebeforeyouact.Historyisfilledwithstoriesofgreatpowersfalling.HowcouldthepowerfulRomanEmpire,whichruledmostofthelandssurroundingtheMediterraneanSea,eventuallyfallapart?Aconceptfromcomplexityscienceoffersanexplanation:thesourcesofanation’soranorganization’sstrength—itssize,itsinterconnectedness—canquietlybecometherootsofitsdownfall.Thisideaisillustratedbyaconceptcalledthe“robust-yet-fragile”natureofcomplexsystems.Thinkofanairlinenetwork.Itsstrengthliesinitsmanyinterconnectedflights,allowingittoservemillionsofpassengerseveryday.Butthissameinterconnectednessmeansthatasingleflightdelayinamajorairport,perhapscausedbybadweather,cancausemajorchaosacrosstheentiresystem,leavingpassengersstucknationwide.Thefeaturethatmakesthesystempowerfulalsomakesitdangerouslyunstable.Thisprincipleappliesdirectlytothemodernglobaleconomy.Fordecades,bigcompanieshavebuiltlong,complexglobalsupplychainstoreducecostsandincreaseefficiency.Thiswaswidelyseenasasignofstrengthandprogress.However,recenteventslikethepandemic(流行病)haveexposedahiddenweakness.Acrisisinevenaremotelocation,suchasafactoryshutdowninadistantcity,cangiverisetosupplyshortagesthataffectbusinessesandconsumersworldwide.Thesystem’sgreateststrength(efficiencythroughcomplexnetworks)isactuallyitshiddenrisk.Whatdoesthismeanforleaderstoday?Thelessonisclear:themostdangerousrisksarehardlytheobviousones.Theseunderlyingrisksaretheverydarksideofourstrengths.Forexample,acultureofnonstopinnovation,forinstance,caneventuallyleadtoemployeeburnout.Similarly,asystemfocusedonlyonshort-termprofitscancontributetolong-terminstability.Truewisdom,therefore,liesnotjustinbuildingstrengths,butinactivelyidentifyingandguardingagainstthebuilt-inweaknessesthatcomewiththem.Strength,itturnsout,isneverfree.8.Whatcanweknowabout“robust-yet-fragile”systemsfromthetext?

A．Moreconnectionsmakesystemssafer.B．Complexnetworksslowdownworkefficiency.C．Theiradvantagesarelikelytocausehiddenrisks.D．Systembreakdownstypicallystartatmajorairports.9.Whydoestheauthormention“thepandemic”inParagraph3?

A．Toshowglobaleffectsoflocalcrises.B．Tobeagainstglobaltradeexpansion.C．Topresentabrand-newkindofrisk.D．Torevealbusinesses’abilitytorecoverquickly.10.Whatdoestheauthorseeasacommonmistakeofleaders?

A．Pushinginnovationwithoutmanagingburnout.B．Focusingonobviousrisksbutignoringhiddenones.C．Prioritizingshort-termprofitsoverlong-termstability.D．Believingcomplexsystemshavefewbuilt-inweaknesses.11.Whatdoestheauthormainlyintendtotellus?

A．Efficiencymustnotendangerstability.B．Ancientpowersstillteachmodernleaders.C．Systemicriskstendtobecompletelyavoidable.D．Strengthandweaknesscangrowfromthesameorigin.ThegiantAmazonianwaterlily(睡莲)haslongfascinatedscientists,architects,andartistsforitsbeautyandhugesize.Yethowthelily’sleaves,whichcangrowasmuchas10feetacross,arestrongenoughtosupporttheweightofasmallchildhasremainedamystery—untilnow.Thesourceoftheirbrawnisseenonlyfrombelow.DrChrisThorogoodheadedthelandmarkresearchongiantAmazonianwaterliliespublishedinScienceAdvancesin2022.Histeamhasworkedoutthemechanicalprinciplesofthelily’sleavesanddocumentedanetworkofbranching,girder-likeveins(叶脉)tailoredforstrengthandstructuralsupport.Fromabove,aleaflookslikealargegreendinnerplatewithanupturnededge.Whenaleafispulledoutofapond,peopleareactuallyamazedbyitsuniqueness.Itsundersideisentirelycoveredwithanirregularlyrepeatednetworkofveinsspreadingoutfromthecentralstem(茎).Themainveinsgrowthinnerandbranchouttowardtheleafedge.Theyarecrossedatregulargapsbyotherveinsthatformcenteredcircles,afeaturewhichisuniquetothisspecies.TheBritishgardenerandarchitectJosephPaxtonwasthefirsttosuccessfullygrowthegiantwaterlily.ItinspiredhisdesignoftheCrystalPalace,aLondonlandmarkofcastironandglassbuiltfortheGreatExhibitionof1851andlaterdestroyedbyfire.“Natureisthetrueengineer,”Paxtonsaidinan1850addresstotheRoyalSocietyofArts.Astheworld’slargestandtoughestfloatingplant,thegiantAmazonianlilyisfuelingmodernreal-worldconstruction.In2008,forinstance,BelgianarchitectVincentCallebautdesignedafloatingcitymodeledafterthegiantlilyleaf’sdistinctivestructure.“ThereissomethingpoeticabouttheideaofhumansonedayusingsolarpanelsfloatingcalmlyonanAmazonianwaterlily-inspiredplatformtocollectasmuchsunaspossible—justastheplanthasdoneformillionsofyears,”FinnBox,afluid(流体)mechanicsresearcher,says.“Sowhycan’twelearnfromnaturalexamplesthathaveevolvedaperfectsolution?”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“brawn”inParagraph1probablymean?

A．Toughness.B．Beauty.C．Size.D．Weight.13.WhataspectoftheAmazonianwaterlilyismainlydiscussedinParagraph2?

A．Hugesize.B．Structuralnetwork.C．Uniqueshape.D．Amazingbeauty.14.WhatcanwelearnabouttheCrystalPalace?

A．Itwasconstructedforwaterlilyresearch.B．Itremainsaccessibletovisitorsnowadays.C．Itsdesignwasinspiredbythegiantwaterlily.D．Itcopiedthewaterlily’sstructurefordecoration.15.WhatisFinnBox’sattitudetothewaterlily-inspiredsolarplatforms?

A．Optimistic.B．Doubtful.C．Uncaring.D．Critical.WhenIwasinvitedtodeliveraspeechonself-worthinHongKong,IdecidedtoextendmytriptoThailand.ThereIvisitednumeroustemples.Mostofthemlookedalikeandsoonfadedfrommymemories.16It’scalledtheTempleoftheGoldenBuddha.Thetempleissmall,probablynolargerthanthirtyfeetbythirtyfeet.ButasIentered,asolid-goldBuddha,whichisvaluedatabout$196million,cameintosight.17Itstandstenandahalffeettallandweighsovertwo-and-a-halftons.Whileenjoyingthefantasticstatue,Inoticedaglasscasewithapieceofclayinside.18Backin1957,thetemplewastoberelocatedtomakewayforanewhighway.WhenaclayBuddhawasbeingliftedbyamachine,itcracked(裂开)suddenlyunderitsheavyweight.Meanwhile,heavyrainpoureddown.Therefore,aheadmonk(和尚)covereditwithacanvastarp(防水布)toshelteritfromrain.WhenhecametochecktheBuddhaatnight,hespottedafaintlightshiningfromthecrackandsetaboutclearingawaytheclay.19ItisThailand’snationalculturalheritage,fundedbythreeThai-Chinese.HistorianssaythemonkscenturiesagocoveredthegoldBuddhawithclaytodefenditagainstinvaders.Sadly,thosemonkswereallkilled,andthesecretremainedhiddenforcenturies.20Weallhaveagoldenselfinside,butwemayhideitbehindahardshellbecauseoffear.Ourlifejourneyistofindbackourtrueself.

A．Therearethousandsofvisitorseveryday.B．Yetoneleftadeepimpressioninmyheart.C．Thetemplehaslongbeenalandmarkinlocalarea.D．Thisexperiencebroughtmevaluableinsightintolife.E．TheBuddhastruckmedeeplywithitsremarkableappearance.F．AnoteattachedtoittoldthehiddenstoryofthegoldenBuddha.G．Finally,theworldwitnessedthepreciousBuddhaagainaftercenturies.二、完形填空YinYuzhen,anordinaryChineseruralwoman,decidedtofightdesertificationwhenherweddingroomwasnearlyburiedbyshiftingsand.Yinsoldherfamily’sonly21—onegoat—topurchasesixhundredsaplings(树苗)tolaunchhergreeningproject.Shedevotedherselftocaringforthetrees,22unimaginablechallengesbroughtbycontinuousdroughts.Unfortunately,afiercestormdestroyedalltheyoungtrees,23herhard-wonefforts.Feelingtotally24,shesanktothegroundandcriedbitterly.However,neverdidshe25herlifelongdreamofgreeningthedesert.Sheworkedtoreceivesaplingsaspaymentratherthanmoneytokeepherprojectrunning.Yin’sdecadesofstrugglewas26byCCTVin1999.AforeignEnglishteacherworkinginChinahappenedtowatchitandwasdeeplymovedbyherfirm27torestoretheecosystem.Therefore,hedonatedmoneytosupportherwork,enablingYinto28herprojectandencouragingmorelocalstoparticipate.Sadly,aftertheteacherreturnedtohishomeland,thetwolost29.Withyearspassingby,thosetinysaplingsgrewintoanendlessseaof30withthousandsoftrees.Outof31,Yinpostedavideoonline,turningtonetizensforhelpto32him.Theirimmediatereconnectionwasregardedasa33,andtheteacherintendedtorevisitChinashortlyforeco-activities.Widelypraisedasaninspiringrole34ofwillpower,Yin’sextraordinarystoryhighlightsthepowerof35humaneffortstoprotectourplanet.21.A．takeawayB．postC．contributionD．possession22.A．bravingB．ignoringC．escapingD．avoiding23.A．givingupB．wipingoutC．cuttingoffD．breakingdown24.A．scaredB．tenseC．desperateD．concerned25.A．abandonB．maintainC．scheduleD．assess26.A．spottedB．coveredC．rememberedD．advertised27.A．strengthB．beautyC．determinationD．mission28.A．fundB．spreadC．establishD．expand29.A．interestB．controlC．contactD．sight30.A．greenB．leafC．woodD．grass31.A．respectB．gratitudeC．devotionD．admiration32.A．identifyB．praiseC．hugD．locate33.A．mysteryB．successC．promiseD．blessing34.A．modelB．sampleC．signD．symbol35.A．rareB．intenseC．jointD．individual三、语法填空阅读短文，在空白处填入1个合适的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。GettingaSeedoutofItsShellWhatisthemostpopularsnackforChinesepeopleduringSpringFestival?Whilepork,fish,anddumplingsarecommonchoices,onesmallsnackstandsout:roastedseeds.CrackingmelonseedshaslongbeenabelovedtraditioninChina,36hasbeenpracticedbygenerationsofChinesepeopleduringfestivalsandfamilygatheringsalike.HistoricalrecordsshowthatmuskmelonseedswerefoundinHanDynastytombsinChangsha,37(prove)thatthisenjoyablehabitstretchesbackovertwothousandyears.BytheQingDynasty,pumpkinandsunflowerseeds,originallyintroducedfromtheAmericas,38(become)essentialmust-havesateverySpringFestivaltable.Theculturalsignificanceofseedsextendsbeyondsimpletaste.InChinese,thewordfor“seed”shares39samepronunciationasthewordfor“child”,symbolizingfertilityandthehopeforalarge,happyfamily.Scientistshavealsostudied40makescrackingseedssuchanenjoyablehabit.Theanswerlies41brainchemistry.Eachtimeaseediscompletelycracked,thebrain42(reward)withasmallsenseofachievement,leadingtothereleaseofdopamine,achemicalwhichiscloselyassociatedwithpleasure,andmakingthenextseedeven43(nice)tocrackthanthepreviousone.Today,seed-crackinghasdevelopedintoatraditionwithregional44(variety).InJiangsuandZhejiang,peoplepreferfragrantpumpkinseeds45(flavor)withsweetspices,whileSichuanlocalsenjoyabold,spicyvariety.NowonderthefamousChineseartistFengZikaioncecalledtheChinesepeople“expertsofeatingmelonseeds”.四、书信写作46.为保护珍贵壁画（murals），敦煌莫高窟推出了线上“云参观”活动，该举措引发大众广泛讨论。当地英文报社就此话题向读者征文，请你投稿，内容包括：（1）你的观点；（2）说明理由；（3）提出合理建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。OnlineVirtualTouroftheMogaoGrottoesofDunhuang_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onesunnyweekendmorning,aquietlittlegirlnamedAnncamealonetothelocalanimalshelter,whichofferedpetadoptionservices.Theshelteraimedtohelppoorabandonedanimalsfindnewhomeswithcaringfamilies.Caringvisitorscouldtakeanypettheylikedhomeforfreeaslongastheypromisedtotakegoodcareofthemandfilledrelevantforms.Almosteveryvisitorwouldchoosethoselivelyandhealthyoneswithouthesitation.Thegirlwalkedawkwardly,shiftingherweightcautiouslywitheverystep.Noonenoticedherstrangemovements.ShelterworkerMsHalewelcomedherw