安徽省黄山市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省黄山市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVirtualFieldTripsYourKidsCanTakeIfyouhaveafreemorningorafternoonandwanttokeepcuriouskidsbusy,headtooneofthesevirtualfieldtripsites.Avirtualtourcanbealearningexperienceinitself.Forkidsinterestedinscience,thesefieldtripsmaybeagoodchoice.FarmFood360°Isyourkidcuriousabouthowchickens,cows,orpigsareraised?Noproblem!AtFarmFood360°,youcanreadabouthowsomeCanadianfarmsarerunandwatchaseriesofvideosabouteachone,explainingeverythingfromhowafarmerspendstheirdaytoenvironmentalsustainability(可持续性)ofmodern-dayfarms.JohnsonSpaceCenterMiniNeilArmstrongsshouldcheckouttheJohnsonSpaceCenteronlineforspacetechnologyeducationopportunities.BoeingandDiscoveryEducationhosttwovirtualfieldtripsonspaceexploration:InnovatingTheFutureandecoAction.Bothtripsincludeavideoseriesandcompanioneducatorguides,soyoucanapplyyournewfoundknowledgeoverthecourseofafewdays’worthoflessonplansandactivities.MuseumofScienceTheMuseumofScience,aBoston-basedsciencecenter,isworthatripatsomepointinyourlife.UntilyoucangettoBoston,themuseumishostingvirtualcontent,includingliveanimaldemonstrationsandchatsaboutcurrentscienceevents.SeattleAquariumTheSeattleAquariumisagoodplaceforkidstolearnaboutsealife.Checkoutwhatkindsofexhibitstheaquariumhousesonlocationthroughlivecameras,activities,andfactsheets,andthenheadovertoYouTube,wherestaffhostavirtualfieldtripbywalking-and-talkingyouthroughseveralofthespeciesnativetothePugetSoundinWashingtonthatspendtheirdaysinsidetheaquarium.1.Whichtripincludesvideosabouttheprotectionoftheenvironment?A.FarmFood360°. B.SeattleAquarium.C.MuseumofScience. D.JohnsonSpaceCenter.2.WhatdoweknowaboutthetriptoSeattleAquarium?A.Itincludesthreedifferentparts. B.ItgoesonpartlyonYouTube.C.IthelpsprotectanimalspeciesinCanada. D.Itprovidesinformationonthefutureofthesea.3.Whatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutthesevirtualfieldtrips?A.Theyallprovidehands-onexperimentsforkids. B.Theyoffervideocontenttoenhancelearning.C.Theyneedtosignuponaspecificplatform. D.Theyfocusmerelyonenvironmentalscience.【答案】1.A2.B3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍适合孩子的虚拟实地考察项目，包括农场、太空中心等及相关内容。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段FarmFood360°部分“AtFarmFood360°,youcanreadabouthowsomeCanadianfarmsarerunandwatchaseriesofvideosabouteachone,explainingeverythingfromhowafarmerspendstheirdaytoenvironmentalsustainability(可持续性)ofmodern-dayfarms.(在“农场食品360度”网站上，您可以了解一些加拿大农场的运作方式，并观看一系列关于每个农场的视频，这些视频会详细介绍从农民的一天安排到现代农场的环境可持续性等方面的内容)”可知，FarmFood360°包含关于环境保护的视频。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段SeattleAquarium部分“Checkoutwhatkindsofexhibitstheaquariumhousesonlocationthroughlivecameras,activities,andfactsheets,andthenheadovertoYouTube,wherestaffhostavirtualfieldtripbywalking-and-talkingyouthroughseveralofthespeciesnativetothePugetSoundinWashingtonthatspendtheirdaysinsidetheaquarium.(通过现场的实时摄像头、活动以及宣传资料，您可以了解到水族馆内展出了哪些展品，然后，请前往YouTube网站，那里会有工作人员为您进行一场虚拟实地考察，他们会一边讲解一边通过视频向您展示华盛顿州普吉特湾的几种本地生物，这些生物每天都在水族馆内生活)”可知，其虚拟之旅部分在YouTube上进行。故选B。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段FarmFood360°部分“AtFarmFood360°,youcanreadabouthowsomeCanadianfarmsarerunandwatchaseriesofvideosabouteachone,explainingeverythingfromhowafarmerspendstheirdaytoenvironmentalsustainability(可持续性)ofmodern-dayfarms.(在“农场食品360度”网站上，您可以了解一些加拿大农场的运作方式，并观看一系列关于每个农场的视频，这些视频会详细介绍从农民的一天安排到现代农场的环境可持续性等方面的内容)”；第三段JohnsonSpaceCenter部分“BoeingandDiscoveryEducationhosttwovirtualfieldtripsonspaceexploration:InnovatingTheFutureandecoAction.Bothtripsincludeavideoseriesandcompanioneducatorguides,soyoucanapplyyournewfoundknowledgeoverthecourseofafewdays’worthoflessonplansandactivities.(波音公司和探索教育机构举办了两场关于太空探索的虚拟实地考察活动：《创新未来》和《生态行动》。这两场活动都包含一系列视频内容以及配套的教育指导手册，因此您可以将新学到的知识融入到几天的课程计划和活动中去)”；第四段MuseumofScience部分“UntilyoucangettoBoston,themuseumishostingvirtualcontent,includingliveanimaldemonstrationsandchatsaboutcurrentscienceevents.(在您抵达波士顿之前，该博物馆会提供线上内容，包括现场动物展示以及关于当前科学事件的讨论)”以及最后一段SeattleAquarium部分“Checkoutwhatkindsofexhibitstheaquariumhousesonlocationthroughlivecameras,activities,andfactsheets,andthenheadovertoYouTube,wherestaffhostavirtualfieldtripbywalking-and-talkingyouthroughseveralofthespeciesnativetothePugetSoundinWashingtonthatspendtheirdaysinsidetheaquarium.(通过现场的实时摄像头、活动以及宣传资料，您可以了解到水族馆内展出了哪些展品，然后，请前往YouTube网站，那里会有工作人员为您进行一场虚拟实地考察，他们会一边讲解一边通过视频向您展示华盛顿州普吉特湾的几种本地生物，这些生物每天都在水族馆内生活)”可知，这些虚拟实地考察都提供视频内容以促进学习，故选B。BOnenaturaldisasterafteranotherhadgotBrazilintotrouble.Therehadbeenahugemudslide(泥石流)inthecountry’ssoutheast,thenamysteriousoilspillalongthenortheasterncoast,andfinallyfiresintheAmazonrainforest.ThatwaswhenKauãRodolfo,11,decideditwastimetohelp.Thewayheseesit,theplanetisinbigtrouble—andit’suptokidstosolveit.SohestartedplantingtreesinthesouthernBraziliancityofCuritiba,oneafteranother.“It’simportanttosavetheplanet,”Kauãsaid,“andit’simportanttoprotecttrees,becausetheymakeusbetter.”Kauãisanambassador(大使)ofanorganizationcalledPlant-for-the-Planet.Createdin2007bya9-year-oldGermannamedFelixFinkbeiner,itisaninternationalawarenesscampaignledbychildrenthatbeganwithagreatgoal:plant1milliontrees.Butsoon,whatbeganastheonetreeFelixplantedathisschoolturnedintoseveralthousands,thenseveralhundredsofthousands,then,withinafewyears,1million.Butthecampaign—andthegoal—didn’tstopthere.Ithassprungupinmanycountriesacrosstheworld.Lastautumn,itreachedKauã’sclassroom.Heimmediatelyfellinlovewiththeideaofplantingtreesandraisingawarenessabouttheenvironment,sohesignedupforaone-daytrainingcoursetobecomeanambassadorofPlant-for-the­Planet.What’shappeningintheenvironmentisunpredictable.It’sascarytimetobeakid.ButKauãdoesn’tthinkithastobe.Theplanetwillfindawayifpeoplecanlearntoworktogether,hesaid.Itisanideaheistryingtoinstill(逐渐灌输)bygivingregularenvironmentalspeechesandplantingtrees.“I’mnotscaredofthefutureoftheplanet,becauseI’mgoingtohelptheplanet,”hesaid.“I’mgoingtodothis.I’mgoingtogoforwardwiththisproject.Youdon’thavetobescared.”He’salreadyplantedseventrees.Andhe’sexcitedtoplantmore.“Idon’tknowwhyIlovenature,butifIstoppedplantingtrees,Iwouldbesad,”hesaid.4.Whydoestheauthormentionthenaturaldisastersinparagraph1?A.TogivesomebackgroundtoKauã’saction.B.TointroducetheproblemsKauã’sfamilyisfacing.C.Tostresstheimportanceofprotectingtheplanet.D.Toshowtheeffectsofhumanactivitiesontheplanet.5.WhatcanbelearnedaboutPlant-for-the-Planet?A.ItwasbasedinBrazil. B.ItwasfoundedbyKauã.C.Ithasahistoryof20years. D.Ithasachieveditsoriginalgoal.6.WhatisthepurposeofKauã’sspeeches?A.Toinspirepeopletotakeatrainingcourse.B.ToattractpeopletoPlant-for-the-Planet.C.Toinstilltheideaofworkinghardintochildren.D.Toencouragepeopletoprotecttheenvironmenttogether.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKauã?A.Helpfulandpatient. B.Positiveandcreative.C.Responsibleanddetermined. D.Smartandbrave.【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了巴西接连遭遇自然灾害后，11岁的Kauã加入“为地球植树”组织，通过植树和演讲呼吁人们合作保护地球。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“OnenaturaldisasterafteranotherhadgotBrazilintotrouble.Therehadbeenahugemudslide(泥石流)inthecountry’ssoutheast,thenamysteriousoilspillalongthenortheasterncoast,andfinallyfiresintheAmazonrainforest.(接连不断的自然灾害让巴西陷入了困境。先是该国东南部发生了严重的泥石流，接着东北部沿海地区出现了神秘的石油泄漏事件，最后亚马逊雨林又发生了火灾)”以及第二段“ThatwaswhenKauãRodolfo,11,decideditwastimetohelp.(就在那时，11岁的KauãRodolfo决定要行动起来帮忙了)”可知，作者在第一段中提及自然灾害是为了以此为背景来解释Kauã的行为。故选A。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Createdin2007bya9-year-oldGermannamedFelixFinkbeiner,itisaninternationalawarenesscampaignledbychildrenthatbeganwithagreatgoal:plant1milliontrees.Butsoon,whatbeganastheonetreeFelixplantedathisschoolturnedintoseveralthousands,thenseveralhundredsofthousands,then,withinafewyears,1million.(这项活动于2007年由一位名叫菲利克斯·芬克贝林的9岁德国少年发起，它是一项由儿童主导的国际性宣传活动，最初的目标是种植100万棵树。但很快，菲利克斯在学校种下的那棵树逐渐发展成了数千棵、数百万棵，再后来，在短短几年内就达到了100万棵)”可知，“为地球植树”项目已经实现了最初的目标。故选D。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第四段“Theplanetwillfindawayifpeoplecanlearntoworktogether,hesaid.Itisanideaheistryingtoinstill(逐渐灌输)bygivingregularenvironmentalspeechesandplantingtrees.(他说，只要人们能够学会相互协作，地球终将找到解决之道。他正通过定期发表环保演讲以及植树活动来努力传播这一理念)”可知，Kauã的演讲旨在鼓励大家共同保护环境。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“OnenaturaldisasterafteranotherhadgotBrazilintotrouble.Therehadbeenahugemudslide(泥石流)inthecountry’ssoutheast,thenamysteriousoilspillalongthenortheasterncoast,andfinallyfiresintheAmazonrainforest.(接连不断的自然灾害让巴西陷入了困境。先是该国东南部发生了严重的泥石流，接着东北部沿海地区出现了神秘的石油泄漏事件，最后亚马逊雨林又发生了火灾)”；第二段“ThatwaswhenKauãRodolfo,11,decideditwastimetohelp.(就在那时，11岁的KauãRodolfo决定要行动起来帮忙了)”以及倒数第三段““I’mnotscaredofthefutureoftheplanet,becauseI’mgoingtohelptheplanet,”hesaid.“I’mgoingtodothis.I’mgoingtogoforwardwiththisproject.Youdon’thavetobescared.”(“我对地球的未来并不感到担忧，因为我打算为地球做些事情，”他说道。“我会去做的。我会推进这个项目。你们不必感到害怕。”)”可知，Kauã因看到自然灾害而主动植树、宣传环保，体现“有责任感（responsible）”；他坚持行动且表示“不会害怕，会继续推进项目”，体现“有决心（determined）”，故选C。CMosthighlyskilledfieldshaverudenamesforbeginners.Andyettherehasneverbeenabettertimetobeabeginner.LearningplatformssuchasCoursera,SkillshareandDuolingosellyouanexperiencethatyoucanfitaroundyourbusylife,achievingmasteryinashorttime.InthisbookBeginners,TomVanderbiltjoinsthegrowingarmyofbeginners.Stuckinmid-careergrowth,hedecidestospendayearlearningnewskills.HehiresasingingteacherandjoinstheBritpopChoir.Hetakesupdrawing,thensurfing.Helearnstojuggle(玩杂耍).Withthehelpofajeweler,heevenmakeshisownweddingring.Noneoftheseattemptsturnintolife-changingpassions.Theyaresimplydoneforfun.ThemotivationbehindallthiscomesfromVanderbilt’sexperienceofparenthood,whichcanonlybelearnedinthedoingofit.Allparentsarebeginners,andbeginnerteachers,clumsily(笨拙地)passingonknowledgetotheirchildren.Ashewatcheshisdaughtereffortlesslypickuphowtoswimorplaychess,Vanderbiltworriesthathehasleftittoolate.“It’shardtobeoldandbadatsomething,”asafriend,returningtoswimminginmiddleage,putsit.Luckily,heachievessatisfyingresultswithrelativelylittlepainfuleffort.Peopleappreciatehisinexpertbutimprovedsingingbecausemostpeoplecan’tsingverywell.Thetitleofoneacademicpaperhecites—“Imprecisesingingiswidespread”—saysitall.Theacid(讽刺的)testis“HappyBirthday”,themostfamiliarsonginthelanguageandyetnoteasytosingbecauseitspans(跨越)anoctave(八度音阶)andmovesupanddownitdramatically.Inaworldwhereappsconstantlyrateusandmeasureourperformance,sothatlearninganythingbecomesanotherformofwork,weshouldenjoytheprocessmoreandworrylessabouttheproduct.AllVanderbiltachievesintheendisabasicskillinvariousunrelatedactivities.Butithasbroughthim“anenormousandalmostforgottenkindofpleasure”.Thisbookconveysthatpleasureandisitselfapleasuretoread.8.WhatmotivatesVanderbilt’spassionforlearningnewskills?A.Hisfriend’sswimmingcomeback. B.Hisexperienceofbeingaparent.C.Hisdaughter’sadviceontryingnewthings. D.Hishopeforchangingtheviewsofbeginners.9.Whydoestheauthormentionthesong“HappyBirthday”?A.Toindicatetheimportanceofrepetitioninsinging.B.Todrawattentiontoitspopularityaroundtheworld.C.Toproveitseffectivenessintestingmusicalmemory.D.Toshowthedifficultyinsingingevenwell-knownsongswell.10.Whatdoestheauthorstressinthelastparagraph?A.Theneedtomastervariousunrelatedskills.B.Thepleasureobtainedfromreadingabook.C.Theimportanceofenjoyingthelearningprocess.D.Thesignificanceofgainingrecognitionforone’sefforts.11.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport. B.Abookreview.C.Acareerguide. D.Aresearcharticle.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍汤姆・范德比尔特所著《初学者》，讲述他中年花一年学新技能的经历，源于育儿体验，强调享受学习过程的乐趣。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“ThemotivationbehindallthiscomesfromVanderbilt’sexperienceofparenthood,whichcanonlybelearnedinthedoingofit.(这一切背后的动机源自范德比尔特作为父母所经历的种种，而这种经验只有在亲身经历中才能获得)”可知，为人父母的经历激发了范德比尔特对学习新技能的浓厚兴趣。故选B。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Theacid(讽刺的)testis“HappyBirthday”,themostfamiliarsonginthelanguageandyetnoteasytosingbecauseitspans(跨越)anoctave(八度音阶)andmovesupanddownitdramatically.(具有讽刺意味的是，《生日快乐》这首歌就是个考验——它是这门语言中最耳熟能详的歌曲，却并不容易唱好，因为它的音域跨越了一个八度，而且音调起伏极大)”可知，作者提及歌曲《生日快乐》是为了表明即便是耳熟能详的歌曲，要唱好也并非易事。故选D。【10题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Inaworldwhereappsconstantlyrateusandmeasureourperformance,sothatlearninganythingbecomesanotherformofwork,weshouldenjoytheprocessmoreandworrylessabouttheproduct.AllVanderbiltachievesintheendisabasicskillinvariousunrelatedactivities.Butithasbroughthim“anenormousandalmostforgottenkindofpleasure”.Thisbookconveysthatpleasureandisitselfapleasuretoread.(在一个应用程序不断对我们进行评分并衡量我们表现的世界里，以至于学习任何事物都变成了另一种形式的工作，我们应该更享受这个过程，而不要过于担心最终的结果。范德比尔特最终所获得的只是在各种不相关活动中的基本技能。但它却给他带来了“一种巨大且几乎被遗忘的愉悦感”。这本书传达了这种愉悦感，本身也是一本令人愉悦的读物)”可知，作者在最后一段强调了享受学习过程的重要性。故选C。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“InthisbookBeginners,TomVanderbiltjoinsthegrowingarmyofbeginners.(在《初学者》这本书中，汤姆・范德比尔特加入了日益壮大的初学者队伍)”等内容可知，文章介绍汤姆・范德比尔特所著《初学者》，讲述他中年花一年学新技能的经历，源于育儿体验，强调享受学习过程的乐趣。从而推知，文章是一篇书评。故选B。DCrows(乌鸦)canusetoolsandperformbasicstatistics,andtheycontinuetosurpriseus.Earlierthisyear,ateamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofBristolfoundthatthehoodedcrow,whichhasagreybodyandblacktailandheadfeathers(羽毛),isabletomemorizetheshapeandsizeofanobjectafteritistakenawayandconstructonelikeit.Thiskindofactionrequirestheabilitytoformamentaltemplate,whichisbasicallyanimageinthemindofwhataparticularobjectlookslike,evenwhenthatobjectisnotpresent.Mentaltemplatesallowanimalstocreatetools,whichcanbeusedtogetfoodormakeastrongernest,botheventuallyleadingtoabetterchanceofsurvival.Fortheirstudy,SarahJelbertandhercoworkersfirsttrainedthreehoodedcrowstorecognizepiecesofpaperofdifferentsizesandcolors.Todothis,theyexposedthebirdsto“template”piecesofpaperindifferentcolorsandsizesforseveralminutesbeforeremovingthemandthenrewardedthebirdsfordroppingsmallpiecesthatmatchedthesetemplatesintoalongnarrowopening.Thecrowswerenextgiventheopportunitytomakeversionsoftheseobjectsinexchangeforareward.Theresearchersfoundthatallthreecrowsmadeobjectsthatmatchedtheoriginaltemplateobjecttheyhadbeenrewardedforinbothcolorandsize.“Unlikehumans,whoregularlycopyeachother’sbehavior,wedon’thavemuchevidencethatcrowswillwatcheachotherandcopywhatanothercrowisdoing,”Jelbertsays.However,youngcrowsoftenstealtheirparents’tools.Soit’spossiblethatthesecrowslearnhowtomakedifferenttypesoftoolsfromexperience,stealingtheirparents’tools,usingthemtorememberwhatthesetoolslooklike,andthentryingtocreatesomethingsimilar,Jelbertbelieves.12.Whichofthefollowingbestillustratesamentaltemplate?A.Amonkeyswingingfrombranchtobranch. B.Acatgettingbackthefoodithid.C.Acrowsleepinginitsnest. D.Adogplayingwithaball.13.Whatdidthecrowsdointhestudy?A.Theyperformedbasicstatistics. B.Theyweretrainedtodomagictricks.C.Theymatchedandreproducedobjects. D.Theyobservedandcopiedoneanother.14.Whatcanweinferfromyoungcrows’stealingincidents?A.Thesearesocialmotivations. B.Theymayfallintoanannoyinghabit.C.Theycomeintoconflictwiththeirparents. D.Theseareopportunitiesforacquiringskills.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Crowscommunicateinauniquelanguage B.HoodedcrowsusemoretoolsthanotherbirdsC.Crowsareevensmarterthanwethought D.Hoodedcrowsidentifysizesandcolorswithease【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章开篇提到乌鸦会使用工具、进行基础统计，接着介绍研究发现它们能形成心理模板并复制物体，体现乌鸦比我们所想的更聪明。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thiskindofactionrequirestheabilitytoformamentaltemplate,whichisbasicallyanimageinthemindofwhataparticularobjectlookslike,evenwhenthatobjectisnotpresent.Mentaltemplatesallowanimalstocreatetools,whichcanbeusedtogetfoodormakeastrongernest,botheventuallyleadingtoabetterchanceofsurvival.(这种行为需要具备形成心理模板的能力，这种模板本质上就是大脑中关于某一特定物体外观的图像，即便该物体并不在眼前也是如此。心理模板使动物能够制造工具，这些工具可用于获取食物或建造更坚固的巢穴，这两者最终都会增加生存的机会。)”可知，“mentaltemplate”指物体不在眼前时，脑海中仍能形成其形象的能力。B项“猫找回自己藏的食物”，说明猫能记住食物的位置和样子，符合这一概念。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Todothis,theyexposedthebirdsto“template”piecesofpaperindifferentcolorsandsizesforseveralminutesbeforeremovingthemandthenrewardedthebirdsfordroppingsmallpiecesthatmatchedthesetemplatesintoalongnarrowopening.Thecrowswerenextgiventheopportunitytomakeversionsoftheseobjectsinexchangeforareward.Theresearchersfoundthatallthreecrowsmadeobjectsthatmatchedtheoriginaltemplateobjecttheyhadbeenrewardedforinbothcolorandsize.(为了实现这一目标，他们先让这些乌鸦接触不同颜色和大小的“模板”纸张，持续几分钟，然后取走这些模板纸张，接着奖励那些能将与这些模板相匹配的小碎片放入长而狭窄开口处的乌鸦。接下来，他们给这些乌鸦提供机会，让他们制作这些物体的类似版本以换取奖励。研究人员发现，这三只乌鸦所制作的物品在颜色和大小上都与它们曾因完成特定任务而获得奖励的原始模板物品完全一致。)”可知，乌鸦先被训练识别不同大小和颜色的纸（匹配物体），之后能制作出与模板在颜色和大小上匹配的物体（复制物体）。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,youngcrowsoftenstealtheirparents’tools.Soit’spossiblethatthesecrowslearnhowtomakedifferenttypesoftoolsfromexperience,stealingtheirparents’tools,usingthemtorememberwhatthesetoolslooklike,andthentryingtocreatesomethingsimilar(然而，幼小的乌鸦经常会偷用它们父母的工具。所以有可能这些乌鸦是通过经验来学习如何制作不同类型的工具的，它们偷用父母的工具，利用这些工具来记住这些工具的样子，然后尝试制作类似的东西)”可知，偷工具可能是幼年乌鸦学习制作工具技能的机会，故选D。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Crows(乌鸦)canusetoolsandperformbasicstatistics,andtheycontinuetosurpriseus.(乌鸦能够使用工具，并且还能进行简单的统计运算，它们不断地让我们感到惊讶。)”结合文章开篇提到乌鸦会使用工具、进行基础统计，接着介绍研究发现它们能形成心理模板并复制物体，体现乌鸦比我们所想的更聪明。可知，C选项“乌鸦的智力甚至比我们之前认为的还要高”最符合文章标题。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Likemany,Itravelalotforwork.Unlikemany,Inevergettiredofit.Ontheopenroadarealwaysinterestingpeopleandnewplaces.____16____WhenItravel,Iwaittoboardtheplane,waitinrestaurants,waittocheckintohotels,andonandon.____17____Whenalineforms,nearlyeveryonepullsouttheirphonetokillthetime,playinggames,checkingemail,and,especially,scrolling(滚屏)socialmedia.Youmightthinkthatthissolutionmustwork,butinfactitmightnotworkatall.Inonestudy,researchersfoundaspeople’sboredomincreased,theyusedtheirphonesmore,butitonlyincreasedtheirboredom.Yourphonemayattractyourattention,butafterthefirstfewseconds,youmayfindthatitreallyisn’tmuchmoreinterestingthanstaringatthewall.____18____Ifthissolutionisnothelpful,lookingwithinourselvescouldbeabetterbet.____19____Themostcommondefinitionofthisisathinkingtechniqueinwhichonecontinuouslyfocusesonthepresentmoment.Youwillfindthatputtingdownyourphoneanddeliberately(故意地)takingnoteofwhatyouobservewilllowerthediscomfortfromboredom.Thebestwaytolowerthemiseryofwaiting,then,turnsouttobenottochangetheworldbuttochangeoneself.____20____Mostofusgoaboutourdaysfeelingdissatisfiedwiththeworldbecauseitisfailinginsomewaytomeetourpreferences.Butonamoment’sreflection,werealizehowfoolishitistosupposethatitmight.Todosoislikecanoeing(划独木舟)andcomplainingabouttheriver’sbendsinsteadoffollowingthem.A.It’saboutpracticingbeingmindful.B.Meanwhile,itconsumesyourenergy.C.Thatinsightcanapplynotjusttowaitingbuttolifeitself.D.Theexpenseandinconvenienceofthesethingsarepermanent.E.Thinkofthelasttimeyouwaitedinanairportforalong-delayedflight.F.However,onethingabouttravelthathasbotheredmeistheconstantwaiting.G.Onewaitingstrategymostpeoplehaveturnedtooflateisdistractionbydevice.【答案】16.F17.G18.B19.A20.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述作者热爱旅行但困扰于等待，指出用手机打发等待时间反增无聊，建议通过正念关注当下，且这一道理适用于生活。【16题详析】根据上文“Likemany,Itravelalotforwork.Unlikemany,Inevergettiredofit.Ontheopenroadarealwaysinterestingpeopleandnewplaces.(和许多人一样，我因工作需要经常出差。但与许多人不同的是，我从未对这种生活感到厌倦。在广阔的旅途中，总能看到有趣的人和新的地方。)”以及后文“WhenItravel,Iwaittoboardtheplane,waitinrestaurants,waittocheckintohotels,andonandon.(当我旅行时，我会等待登机，等待在餐馆用餐，等待办理入住手续，等等。)”可知，前文提到旅行中有有趣的人和新地方，后文转而描述旅行中的各种等待（候机、等餐、入住等），本句起到转折过渡作用，指出旅行中需要等待。故F选项“但是，旅行中让我感到困扰的一点就是持续不断的等待。”符合语境，故选F。【17题详析】根据后文“Whenalineforms,nearlyeveryonepullsouttheirphonetokillthetime,playinggames,checkingemail,and,especially,scrolling(滚屏)socialmedia.Youmightthinkthatthissolutionmustwork,butinfactitmightnotworkatall.(当队伍排起时，几乎所有人都会掏出手机来打发时间，玩游戏、查看邮件，尤其是浏览社交媒体。你可能会认为这种解决办法一定行得通，但实际上它可能根本不起作用。)”可知，后文提到人们排队时拿出手机打发时间（玩游戏、刷社交媒体等），即用电子设备来打发时间，故G选项“近来大多数人采用的一种应对等待的策略是通过使用电子设备来分散注意力。”符合语境，故选G。【18题详析】根据上文“Inonestudy,researchersfoundaspeople’sboredomincreased,theyusedtheirphonesmore,butitonlyincreasedtheirboredom.Yourphonemayattractyourattention,butafterthefirstfewseconds,youmayfindthatitreallyisn’tmuchmoreinterestingthanstaringatthewall.(在一项研究中，研究人员发现，当人们的无聊感加剧时，他们会更多地使用手机，但这只会让他们更加感到无聊。你的手机或许能吸引你的注意力，但在最初的几秒钟之后，你可能会发现它其实并不比盯着墙壁看有趣多少。)”可知，前文指出手机虽能吸引注意力，但几秒后会发现并不比盯着墙有趣，故本句进一步说明手机打发时间的负面影响，故B选项“同时，它会消耗你的精力。”符合语境，故选B。【19题详析】根据后文“Themostcommondefinitionofthisisathinkingtechniqueinwhichonecontinuouslyfocusesonthepresentmoment.Youwillfindthatputtingdownyourphoneanddeliberately(故意地)takingnoteofwhatyouobservewilllowerthediscomfortfromboredom.(对于这一概念最常见的定义是一种思维技巧，即持续专注于当下时刻。你会发现，放下手机，有意识地留意你所观察到的事物，能够减轻因无聊而产生的不适感。)”可知，后文解释“这是一种持续关注当下的思考技巧”，即正念（mindful）练习，本句引出对这种方法的具体说明，前后呼应。故A选项“这关乎培养专注力的练习。”符合语境，故选A。【20题详析】根据上文“Thebestwaytolowerthemiseryofwaiting,then,turnsouttobenottochangetheworldbuttochangeoneself.(那么，减轻等待之苦的最佳方法，其实并非在于改变世界，而是在于改变自己。)”以及后文“Mostofusgoaboutourdaysfeelingdissatisfiedwiththeworldbecauseitisfailinginsomewaytomeetourpreferences.Butonamoment’sreflection,werealizehowfoolishitistosupposethatitmight.Todosoislikecanoeing(划独木舟)andcomplainingabouttheriver’sbendsinsteadoffollowingthem.(我们大多数人每天都在抱怨这个世界不尽如人意，因为它在某些方面未能满足我们的期望。但稍作思考便会明白，这种想法是多么愚蠢。因为这样做就好比划着独木舟，却还在抱怨河流的弯道，而不是顺着弯道前进。)”可知，前文提到减少等待痛苦的最佳方式是改变自己而非改变世界，故本句将等待中的感悟推广到生活层面，升华主题，与后文对生活中应顺应而非抱怨的论述衔接紧密。故C选项“这一领悟不仅适用于等待的过程，也适用于生活本身。”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inhighschool,WyattMillermayhavecomeacrossasatypicalplayer,buthishomeeconomicsclassprovedotherwise.Whiletheotherstudentshadlittleinterestinlearninghowtosew(缝纫),hewasactually____21____togiveitatry.Bestofall,though,heturnedouttohavea____22____forit!“Hewaskindofanatural,”saidhisteacherConnieHaugen.Wyatt’s____23____loveforsewingdidn’tendwithhis____24____.ForChristmas,heaskedhismomforasewingmachine.Thatway,____25____buyingnewclothes,hecouldchangeandpersonalizetheoneshealready____26____!Wyatthadbeensharinghiscreationsonsocialmedia,andthepositivefeedbackhereceivedgavehimthe____27____heneededtostarthisownbrand,

SparkedApparel.Asoftoday,Wyatt____28____SparkedApparelfromhisparents’basement.But____29____hehasenoughmoneysaved,hewantstosignalease(租约)onaspaceonlyforhis____30____.Thiscertainlyisn’tthepaththis19-year-old____31____he’dtakeinlife,butit’scertainlyonehetakes____32____in.“Ifyouhad____33____me,whenIwasinhighschoolgettingtaughthowtosew,thatIwouldbesewing,Iwouldhave____34____you,”Wyattsaid.“Butnow,afterhighschool,Igrowupalittlebitand____35____thateveryonedoestheirownthing,everyonefindstheirownjourneyinlife,andsofarthisismine.”21.A.confused B.relieved C.surprised D.excited22.A.talent B.plan C.story D.solution23.A.lost B.public C.newfound D.widespread24.A.holiday B.training C.game D.class25.A.dueto B.insteadof C.exceptfor D.morethan26.A.owned B.ordered C.designed D.threw27.A.service B.method C.push D.freedom28.A.runs B.joins C.uses D.helps29.A.though B.unless C.since D.once30.A.lesson B.family C.business D.practice31.A.suggested B.expected C.doubted D.admitted32.A.pride B.place C.part D.power33.A.reminded B.taught C.promised D.told34.A.apologizedto B.comparedwith C.laughedat D.thoughtof35.A.confirm B.realize C.report D.hope【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.D25.B26.A27.C28.A29.D30.C31.B32.A33.D34.C35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了高中时WyattMiller在缝纫上展现天赋，课程结束后仍坚持，受社交媒体鼓励创立品牌，虽非预期之路，但他为此自豪。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他同学对学习缝纫毫无兴趣，而他却兴致勃勃地想要尝试一下。A.confused困惑的；B.relieved安慰的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.excited激动的。前文提到其他学生对缝纫没兴趣，结合后文““Hewaskindofanatural,”saidhisteacherConnieHaugen.”可知，他是个天生的缝纫好手，所以他很兴奋尝试缝纫，excited与上文“hadlittleinterest”形成对比。故选D。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不过最令人欣喜的是，他竟然真的在这方面展现出了天赋！A.talent才能，天赋；B.plan计划；C.story故事；D.solution解决方案。由老师评价“Hewaskindofanatural”可知，他有缝纫的天赋，故选A。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Wyatt对缝纫的新兴趣并未因这门课程而就此结束。A.lost迷路的；B.public公众的；C.newfound新发现的；D.widespread普遍的。根据上文“Inhighschool,WyattMillermayhavecomeacrossasatypicalplayer,buthishomeeconomicsclassprovedotherwise.(在高中时期，WyattMiller或许给人的印象只是一个普通的学生，但他在家政课上的表现却完全颠覆了这种看法)”以及“

“Hewaskindofanatural,”saidhisteacherConnieHaugen.”可知，缝纫是他在高中家政课上才接触到的兴趣，因此是新发现的热爱。故选C。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Wyatt对缝纫的新兴趣并未因这门课程而就此结束。A.holiday假期；B.training训练；C.game游戏；D.class班级，课程。呼应上文“hishomeeconomicsclass”指他的兴趣始于家政课，但这种热爱没有