北京市丰台区2026届高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1北京市丰台区2026届高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。At10,Iborrowedalibrarybookwith“lovestory”inthetitle.Mymotherfounditinappropriateandwewentbacktothelibrary.Iwasextremely____1____asmymotherexplainedtothelibrarianondutythatIneededreadingmaterialthatwasdifferentfromthebook.Thelibrariansaidnothingandonlyslightlysmiled.Shegracefullyledmetotheteenagerfictionsection,____2____ICapturetheCastlebyDodieSmith,theauthorof101Dalmatians(斑点狗).Ifeltfartoooldfordogstories.“It’sverydifferentfrom101Dalmatians,though,”shesaid,registeringmy____3____.Itriedtotakeherwordsofit,butIwas____4____.Imean,thetitlealonewasweird.ICapturetheCastle?ItsoundedlikeabunchofstupidkidsplayingKingoftheHill.However,thetypicalBritishhumorinthebookandthevividfirst-personnarrationcreatedanawkwardyetlovelyteenagegirlimage,which____5____me.Ialsolearnedthatwritingdidnotrequireaperfectsetting;truefeelingsmatteredmore.Thatbook____6____mywritingdreams.Sixteenyearslater,I,nowawriter,ranintotheverylibrarianinateashop.Shestilllookedgentle.Irushedtothankher,“YouonceshowedmeICapturetheCastle!I’mawriternow!That’sstillmy____7____book!”Butherdaughtertoldmethatdementia(痴呆症)hadkeptherfrom____8____me.Iwatchedherleave,wonderinghowmanyliveswequietlyalterwithoutrecognizingthe____9____ofourdeeds.Forallthatwomanhadreallydonewaslendmeabook.Butithad____10____myworld.1.A.frightened B.shocked C.embarrassed D.bored2.A.criticising B.returning C.overlooking D.recommending3.A.nervousness B.relief C.disappointment D.curiosity4.A.doubtful B.optimistic C.anxious D.interested5.A.fellon B.appealedto C.stoodby D.wentagainst6.A.changed B.boosted C.reflected D.challenged7.A.proper B.secret C.latest D.favorite8.A.believing B.understanding C.accepting D.admiring9.A.significance B.existence C.intention D.necessity10.A.defined B.captured C.ruled D.fixed第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Researchershavefoundthataperson’swalkingstylecanrevealtheiremotions.Inastudy,actorswalkedwhilerecallingemotionalevents.Theirmovements____11____(record)andturnedintovideos.Volunteerswatchedthevideosand____12____(correct)identifiedemotionssuchasanger,sadnessandfearbasedonarmandlegswings.Largerswingssignalledaggression,whilesmalleronesindicatedfearorsadness.ThefindingscouldbeusedinAIsystemsorcameras____13____(recognise)mentalstates.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。OpenClawisanopen-sourceAIagent____14____(nickname)“thelobster(龙虾)”foritsredlobster-shapedlogo.Unliketraditionalchatbotsthatonlygivesuggestions,itautonomously____15____(finish)tasksbytakingoverauser’scomputer.Througha“perceive-decide-execute”loop,itmanagesfiles,sendsemails,andwritescode.Whatsetsitapartisits“local-first”design,____16____keepsdataprivateontheuser’sdevice.OpenClawbridgesthegapbetweenconversationalAIandreal-worldautomation.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Ioncesufferedfrominsomnia(失眠),butgraduallylearnedtoembracethenight.Insteadofstayingindoors,___17___(feel)anxious,Ibegantotakemy“nightjourneys”.IdiscoveredwhatI___18___(miss)—thepeacethatdarknessoffers.Isharedtheseadventureswithmychildren,hopingtohelpthemovercome___19___(they)fearofthedark.Whatbegan___20___sleeplessnessturnedintoadeepappreciationforthebeautyandfreedomofthenight.NowIregarddarknessnotassomethingterrifying,butasapreciousgift.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEnvironment&ConservationVolunteeringAbroadProgramsAreyoupassionateabouteco-volunteeringorclimatechange?Wanttosupportenvironmentalvolunteerabroadprojectsorgetinvolvedwithconservationvolunteeropportunitiesaroundtheworld?JoinaffordableenvironmentalvolunteerprogramsofferedbyInternationalVolunteerHeadquarters(IVHQ)!AsanenvironmentalvolunteerwithIVHQ,you’llhavetheopportunitytosupportjungleandrainforestconservation,climateaction,environmentaleducation,sustainablecities,organicfarmingandtreeplantingvolunteerprojectswithincommunitiesabroad.Choosefrom27EnvironmentandConservationprogramsacross20destinationsworldwideWorkalongsidelocalconservationists—nopreviousexperiencerequiredSuitedtoactivevolunteerswholovenatureandbeingoutdoorsHelptackleclimatechange,pollutionandprotectendangeredecosystemsWhydoenvironmentalvolunteeringwithIVHQ?Lowcost,highimpactprogramsAlignswithUNSustainableDevelopmentGoalsAccommodation,meals,orientation&in-countrysupportincludedPre-departureguidanceand24/7in-countrysupportWhattoexpectfromenvironmentalvolunteerworkabroadIVHQ’saffordableEnvironmentandConservationvolunteerprojectsareavailableyear-roundandareperfectlysuitedtovolunteerswhoareupforachallengeanddon’tmindgettingtheirhandsdirty.Conservationvolunteerworkisvariedanddependentonthetypeofenvironmentalprojectyouchoose.Fromreforestationvolunteerprogramstoclimateactionprojects,youcouldbecollectingdataonendangeredspecies,plantingtrees,learningaboutsustainablefarmingtechniques,growingorganicfood,developinggreenurbanspaces,protectingthreatenedrainforestsandmuchmore.Learnmoreaboutourenvironmentalvolunteeringabroadprojectsavailableonthewebsite.21.IVHQ’sprogramsaresuitableforvolunteerswho_______.A.enjoynatureandoutdoorlifeB.areupforacademicchallengesC.areexperiencedconservationistsD.canoffer24/7in-countrysupport22.WhatcanvolunteersdoinIVHQ’senvironmentalprojects?A.Spreadfarmingtechniques.B.Feedendangeredspecies.C.Creategreencityareas.D.Explorerainforests.23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tocallonvolunteerstoprotectecosystems.B.Toshowthesignificanceofconservationwork.C.TointroduceIVHQ’slocalvolunteerprograms.D.Toattractvolunteersforenvironmentalprograms.BWhenthecallcameforvolunteerstovisitlocalschoolsforBrainAwarenessWeek,Ijumpedattheopportunity.Ihadspentthepast3yearswithmyheaddown,focusedonmyneurosciencePh.D.,andIlikedtheideaofgettingoutandsharingwhatIwaslearning.Ifounditdeeplysatisfyingtohelpthestudentsunderstandevenjustalittlebitaboutwhytheirgrandparentsmightnotrememberthingsorwhythebrainsoftheirautistic(患自闭症的)brothersorsistersmightworkdifferently.Thenextday,Iwentbacktomynormallabroutine.Buttheexperienceplantedaseed,eventuallyleadingmetoanewcareer.Ienteredgradschoolwiththehopetobecomeaprofessor.Iwasn’trequiredtoteach,butIvolunteeredasateachingassistant.ButmostlyIfocusedonresearch,whichshouldbethepriorityforanacademicjob.Iwashappywiththatformanyyears,asIlovedmakingdiscoveriesandpublishingpapers.ButafterbecomingapostdocIfeltlostinresearchdetailsandlongedtoseethebig-pictureimpact.Amidmystruggle,acareersymposium(专题研讨会)atmyinstitutedrewmyattention.Hearingscientists’transitionstopositionsatmuseumsorresearchinstitutes,Irealizedthatscienceeducationcouldbeacareer.Afterward,Iaskedthespeakersforadviceonfollowingintheirfootsteps,althoughIadmitted,“Idon’tknowifI’mbraveenough.”Thespeakersconvincedmeofpursuingacareeroutofmyinterest.ButIrealizedmynewpathwasn’tasstraightforwardastheacademicroute.Iwonderedhowtofindrelevantjobsandfearedmyformercolleagueswouldviewmeasafailedpostdoc.ButIchosetobecourageousanddowhatwasbestforme.Ifollowedawindingpath.Initially,Iwroteaboutscientificdiscoveriesforthepublicandworkedatasciencecenter.EventuallyIfoundajobteachingbiology.ThefirstyearwasdifficultbecauseIhadtolearnclassroommanagementandteachingpractices.ButIsoonnavigatedmynewprofessionandbecameconfidentinmychoice.Isometimesmissmyresearchcareer.Butwhenseeingmyimpactonyoungpeople,Iknowmynewpathsuitsmyskillsandpassions.Scientistscanservesocietyindifferentways.Ittookmealongtimetorealizethat,butIamatpeacewithitnow.24.Whenacceptingthevolunteeropportunity,theauthorwantedto_______.A.helpcurechildrenwithautism B.communicatesciencetostudentsC.finishherPh.D.programontime D.seekateachingjobinlocalschools25.Whatdrovetheauthortoconsiderscienceeducationasacareer?A.Thedesiretogainrespectfromcolleagues. B.Theexpectationtoachieveacademicsuccess.C.Thelongingtoescapefromresearchpressure. D.Theinspirationfromotherscientists’careershifts.26.Howdoestheauthorthinkofhercurrentcareer?A.Respectable. B.Fulfilling. C.Flexible. D.Creative.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Staytruetoyourselfandchartyourowncourse.B.Opportunitiescometothosewhopatientlywait.C.Itisactions,notintentions,thatdefineaperson.D.Smoothseascouldnevermakeskillfulsailors.CWhalesaresomeofthemosthighlyintelligentspeciesonEarth.Eachspeciesofwhalehasadistinctcommunicationsystemthatoftenvarieswithinpopulations.Sincehumanshavebeenresearchingandobservingtheseformsofcommunication,aquestionhassurfaced:Couldhumansonedayengageinacoustic(声学的)interactionswithwhales?Andwhatcouldtheseinteractionsrevealaboutnon-humanintelligence?ResearchersfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaandtheAlaskaWhaleFoundationhavebeenexploringwhale-to-humancommunicationwithhumpbackwhales,andthey’vecomeupwithsomefascinatingconclusions.Whenscientistsrecordedahumpbackwhalecontactcall,knownasawhup,andplayeditunderwateraroundtheirresearchvessel,theyweresurprisedwhenawhalenamedTwainbecameamorethanwillingparticipantinthecall-and-responseexchange.Scientistsproducedasinglesound,orwhupcall,thatTwainwouldthenrespondwithherownwhupcalltothem,a“conversation”describedintheirPeerJpaper.“Itmightlooselytranslateto‘hello’orsomesortofgreetingcallforwhenanimalscometogetherorjusttosignalthatindividualsareinacertainlocation,”saysDawsonHubbard,studyauthorandanimalbehaviouristwithWhaleSETI.Inthiscase,itwasasifTwainwaseithersaying“hello”toscientistsor“I’moverhere.”Butinbothinstances,shewasrespondingtoandengagingwithwhalesignalsthathumansproduced.Ofcourse,whetherwhaleswanttocommunicatewithhumansvariesbythetemperamentofthewhaleandbythesituation.Justlikesomehumansaremoreextrovertedthanothers,thiscouldalsobetrueforwhales,althoughthiswouldneedmoreresearchtounderstand.Twaincircledaroundthescientists’boatandwasinproximitytoitsspeakers.Permitlimitationsonlyallowforresearcherstoproducethesoundfor20minutes,butoncetheystopped,Twaincontinuedtoproducemoresignalsbeforeleaving.“What’scoolaboutTwainisthatshecouldhaveleftatanypoint,asitwasn’tacagedenvironmentwhereshecouldn’tleave,soshewaschoosingtobeclosetous,”saysHubbard.Often,awillingnesstocommunicatewithhumanswouldbefood-mediated,butinthiscase,itwasn’t.Therehavealsobeenotherexamples.GraywhalesintheSanIgnaciolagooninMexico,forexample,arefamouslyfriendly.Infact,somegraywhalesregularlyapproachboatsandallowvisitorstohavegentlecontactwiththem.AccordingtotheOceanicSociety,thisbehaviourisn’tsharedamongstallgraywhales,andinfact,thisspeciesofwhalewasalmosthuntedtoextinctionjustagenerationago.Butthebehaviourmayhavebeenpasseddownthroughgenerations,andsomegraywhalesinthispopulationvoluntarilyapproachhumans.Intheend,theseandotherencountersshowthat,insomecases,individualwhalesappearwillingtoengagewithhumans.Andthemorewelearnabouttheirmodeofcommunicationandwhattheyaresayingtous,themorewecanlearnaboutthem.28.Tostudywhales,thescientists_______.A.caughtwhalesforcontrolledexperimentsB.trainedwhalestoconversewithhumansC.respondedtowhaleswithrecordedcallsD.playedwhalecallstointeractwiththem29.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Themaximumdurationofwhales’responseis20minutes.B.Graywhales’friendlybehaviourmaybealearnedfeature.C.Whales’personalitydecidestheirwillingnesstointeract.D.Humpbackwhalesrespondtohumansforfoodrewards.30.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.DecodingtheTalkBetweenHumansandWhalesB.AreWhalesWillingtoTalkwithHumans?C.CouldHumansEverTalkwithWhales?D.UnlockingtheSecretofWhaleWhupsDWhattimeisit?It’ssuchabasicquestionandprovokesmetotakealookattimeinthecontextofbothhumansandartificialintelligence.Simplyput,AIoperatesinsidethenow,theperpetualpresent.Yethumansconstructmeaningacrosstime.This“temporaldivide”createsakeydistinction,ifnotaconflict,that’sworthyofadeeperlook.Typically,weevaluateartificialintelligencebycapability,whichincludesthingslikespeed,accuracy,fluency,andevenscale.Butmytakeisthatthisperspectivemissessomethingthatisbothcriticalanddeeplyhuman.Humansbuildmeaningthroughcontinuity,andthisincludesmemory,revision,anticipation,andthelivedaccumulationofexperience.AIdoesnot.Forus,meaningisshapedacrossduration.Wedon’tformunderstandingfromisolatedframes.Welearnfrommanymomentsthatinformandreshapeeachother.Thereliabilityofourbeliefsdependsonthatslowintegration.It’showunderstandingmaturesintosomethingstable,orperhapsbettersaid,human.AIcollapsestimeintoimmediacy.Eachoutputstandsalonewithoutreferencetowhatcamebeforeandwithoutresponsibilitytowardwhatmayfollow.ThisiswhyAIcanbesopersuasive,asitproducescoherence(连贯性)withouttheweightofhistorybehindit.Arecentstudythatexaminedreasoningtasksillustratesthisratherclearly.AIassistanceledparticipantstoperformslightlybetter,buttofeeldramaticallymoreimprovedthantheyactuallywere.Thisillusionemergesbecauseinstantcoherence(tech)feelslikeinternalmastery(human).AnyonewhohasusedAItosummariseaconcepthasfeltthis.Ithappenswhenyoureadasmooth,confidentexplanationandsuddenlybelieveyounow“understand”itwithoutanyoftheinternalstrugglethatproducestrueunderstanding.Themindconfusestheappearanceofcognitionwiththeacquisitionofcognition.AndthekeydistinctionisthatAIshortensthedistancebetweenexposureandconfidence,notbetweenexposureandwisdom.Ithinkthismattersbecausehumansmaybeginadaptingtothetemporallogicofmachines.Ifpresent-tensecoherencebecomesmorerewardingthanthesloweraccumulationofmeaning,wecouldbegintotradeourtemporalcognitionfortheimmediacyAIoffers.Theriskisnotreplacement,butmoreofadissociationfromtheverystructureofmeaning-makingthatdefinesthehumanmind.Therealquestion,asIhaverelentlesslyasked,isnotwhetherAIwillthinklikewedo.Thequestioniswhetherwewillcontinuetothinklikeourselves.Todefendthenarrativearcisfarfromapoeticgesture.It’sanessentialcognitivepractice.Forme,itmeanstoleratingslowerunderstandingwhenspeedisseductive.Itmeansreturningtothelongerthreadofexperiencewheninstantfluencytemptsus.Itmeansrememberingthatwisdomrequiresthefrictionoftime.Andthat’ssomethingweallshouldconsider.Meaningistemporal.Storyistemporal.Identityistemporal.AIdoesnotlivethere.Wedo.31.Whatdoesthe“temporaldivide”inparagraph1referto?A.AdistinctioninevaluatingAI’scompetences.B.Agapbetweenpresentlivingandpastreflection.C.AdifferenceinhowhumansandAImakemeaning.D.AdivideintimemanagementbetweenhumansandAI.32.Asfortheresultofthestudyexaminingreasoningskills,theauthorfeels_______.A.worried B.surprised C.doubtful D.sympathetic33.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopthepassage?A.Byraisingquestionsandsolvingthemonebyone.B.Bycitingstudiesandevaluatingtheirlimitations.C.Bypresentingastudyanddrawingaconclusion.D.Byintroducingaconceptandmakingcontrasts.34.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Exposure+Confidence=MasteryB.Coherence+Immediacy=LogicC.Duration+Friction=WisdomD.Speed+Fluency=Insight第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。You’reinthemiddleoftheafternoon,eyelidsheavy,focusslipping.Youcloseyoureyesforhalfanhourandwakeupfeelingrecharged.Butlaterthatnight,you’retossingandturninginbed,wonderingwhyyoucan’tdriftoff.____35____Nappinghaslongbeenpraisedasatoolforboostingalertness,enhancingmood,strengtheningmemory,andimprovingproductivity.Yetforsome,theycansabotagenighttimesleep.Nappingisadouble-edgedsword.Doneright,itisapowerfulwaytorecharge.Donewrong,itcanleaveyoustrugglingtofallasleeplater.____36____Mostpeopleexperienceanaturaldipinalertnessintheearlyafternoon,typicallybetween1p.m.and4p.m.Ourinternalbodyclockcreatescyclesofwakefulnessandtirednessthroughouttheday.Theearlyafternoonlullispartofthiscycle,whichiswhysomanypeoplefeeldrowsyatthattime.Studiessuggestthatashortnapallowsthebraintorestwithoutslippingintodeepsleep.Butthere’sacatch.____37____Thisisdueto“sleepinertia”—thegrogginess(昏沉)anddisorientationthatcomesfromwakingupduringdeepersleepstages.Onceanapextendsbeyond30minutes,thebraintransitionsintoslow-wavesleep,makingitmuchhardertowakeup.Forcertaingroups,nappingisessential.____38____Awell-timednapbeforeanightdutycanboosttheiralertnessandreducetheriskoferrorsandaccidents.Similarly,peoplewhoregularlystruggletogetenoughsleepatnight—whetherduetowork,parenting,orotherdemands—maybenefitfromnapstobankextrahoursofsleepthatcompensatefortheirsleeploss.____39____Age,lifestyle,andunderlyingsleeppatternsallinfluencewhethernapshelporhinder.Agoodnapisallaboutstrategy—knowingwhen,how,andifoneshouldnapatall.A.Despitethebenefits,nappingisn’tforeveryone.B.Wakingfromdeepsleepleavesyoufeelingtiredforuptoanhour.C.Nappingtoolongmayresultinwakingupfeelingworsethanbefore.D.Relyingonnapsinsteadofimprovingnighttimesleepisashort-termfix.E.Thatmiddaynapwhichfeltsorefreshingatthetimemightbethereason.F.Shiftworkersoftenstrugglewithbrokensleepduetoirregularschedules.G.Thekeyliesinunderstandinghowthebodyregulatessleepandwakefulness.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。WhiletheworldcelebratesBeijing’simperialgrandeur,HouLei,a43-year-oldresearcher,isbusydocumentingthecity’seasilyforgottendetails:aneglectedjockeyclub,thespecifictasteoffermentedtofu,andstoriesofelderlyresidentswhoonceassistedgreathistorians.“Iflocalwritersdon’trecordthesesmallestandmosthiddendetails,theywilldisappear,”Housaid.AstrikinglyoverlookedpartofBeijing’shistoryishorseracing,whichfewpeopleknowoncethrivedinthecitycenter.DatingbacktotheYuanDynasty,itbecameaninternationalsportbythe1920sandwasapopularentertainment.Houisrenownedforuncoveringoverlookeddetails,focusingonordinaryBeijingers’dailylives.InhisSpringFestival-relatedbooksandlectures,hehighlightslittle-seentraditions,includingfouressentialdishes:mustardroot,stir-friedpickledcucumber,tofuwithfermentedblackbeans,androupidong.“Thesemodestdishesmattered,”Housaid.“Eventhepoorestfamiliesensuredtheywereont