人教版七上英语语法讲义含练习与答案2026-2027

PAGE人教版七年级英语上册语法讲义（含练习与答案）适用教材：2026—2027学年人教版（2024）英语七年级上册这份讲义把七年级上册的语法点按单元串起来讲，每个板块先讲清楚规则，再配几道小练习，最后有一组综合过关。用的时候先读要点，再合上要点做练习，做完对照答案检查，做错的题回到对应要点重新读一遍。语法不是背出来的，每道题做完都要能说出为什么这么填。预备单元：be动词、指示代词与物主代词be动词看主语。I后面用am，he、she、it和单个人或物用is，we、you、they和复数用are。比如IamLiHua，Sheismygoodfriend，Weareinthesameclass。指示代词分远近。近处用this、these，远处用that、those；单数配is，复数配are。Thisismycap，Thesearemypencils。物主代词表示“谁的”。my、your、his、her后面必须跟名词：MynameisAnna，Herfatherisateacher。名词变复数。一般直接加-s；以s、x、ch、sh结尾的加-es，比如box变boxes、watch变watches。过关小练1.I________(be)astudentinGrade7.2.________(this)aremyerasers.3.Look!Thatis________(I)cap.4.Therearetwo________(watch)onthedesk.5.—Isthatyourschoolbag?—Yes,________is.Unit1YouandMe：be动词与自我介绍be动词的三兄弟各管各的主语。am只跟I，is跟单数，are跟you和复数。问别人是谁用What’syourname?，回答Mynameis...；初次见面说Nicetomeetyou。否定和疑问都动be动词。否定句在be后加not：Iamnot...；一般疑问句把be提到句首：AreyouLiHua?肯定回答Yes,Iam，否定No,I’mnot。过关小练1.YouandI________(be)goodfriends.2.—________youLiHua?—No,I’mnot.3.Hername________(be)Anna,andsheisfromBeijing.4.Heismyclassmate.（改为否定句）He________myclassmate.5.我叫王芳，很高兴认识你。MynameisWangFang.________tomeetyou.Unit2We’reFamily!：一般现在时与名词所有格一般现在时讲习惯和事实。主语是he、she、it或单个家人时，动词要变成三单形式：加-s或-es，比如goes、watches；辅音字母加y结尾的要把y变i再加-es，比如studies。名词所有格加’s。表示“某人的”：myuncle’sbike；两人共有只在最后一个人后面加’s：LucyandLily’sroom。问“谁的”用Whose。play的搭配要分清。球类前面不加the：playbasketball；乐器前面加the：playthepiano。过关小练1.Myuncle________(teach)mathsinamiddleschool.2.She________(have)longblackhairandbigeyes.3.Tomoften________(study)inthelibraryafterschool.4.—________bikeisthis?—It’smysister’s.5.Myfatherplays________pianoafterdinner.6.Thisis________(LucyandLily)room.Theyshareit.Unit3MySchool：Therebe句型与方位介词Therebe表示“某处有某物”。be动词跟着离它最近的名词变：Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk，Therearetwobooksandapenonthedesk。否定句和疑问句。否定用Thereisn’t/Therearen’t，some要变成any；疑问句把be提前：Istherealibraryinyourschool?方位介词记位置。infrontof在……前面（外部）、nextto紧挨着、behind在……后面、acrossfrom在……对面、between...and...在……和……之间。过关小练1.There________(be)ateachers’buildinginourschool.2.There________(be)sometreesinfrontofthelibrary.3.否定句：Therearesomestudentsinthehall.→There________anystudentsinthehall.4.Thegymis________thesportsfield.（在……对面）5.Thedininghallis________thelibraryandthegym.6.教室里有一块黑板和四十张课桌。There________ablackboardandfortydesksintheclassroom.Unit4MyFavouriteSubject：连词与喜好表达三个连词各管一件事。and表并列，but表转折，because表原因；because不能和so出现在同一个句子里。问原因用Why，回答用Because。begoodat和begoodwith不一样。begoodat表示擅长做某事，后面接名词或动词-ing；begoodwith表示善于应对某人或某物。Itis+形容词+forsb.todosth.表示“对某人来说做某事怎么样”：Itisimportantforustokeepourclassroomtidy。过关小练1.IlikeEnglish________it’suseful.2.Mathsishard,________Iworkhardatit.3.—________doyoulikescience?—Becauseit’sinteresting.4.Sheisgood________drawingpictures.5.Ourteacherisgood________everystudentintheclass.6.It’simportant________ustokeepourclassroomtidy.Unit5FunClubs：can与wanttocan表示“能、会”。can后面接动词原形，没有人称变化：Icanswim，Shecansing。变疑问句把can提到句首，回答Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.wantto和join。wanttodo表示想要做某事：Iwanttojointhemusicclub；join表示加入某个组织或俱乐部。过关小练1.—Canyouplay________chess?—Yes,Ican.2.Ican’t________(dance),butIcansing.3.Tomwants________(join)thesportsclub.4.一般疑问句：Shecanswim.→________sheswim?5.否定句：Theycandrawpictures.→They________drawpictures.Unit6ADayintheLife：一般现在时与时间表达频度副词放对位置。always、usually、often、sometimes放在实义动词前面、be动词后面：Iusuallygotoschoolat7:10，Sheisalwayskindtous。问时间看用什么词。问“几点”用Whattime，具体钟点前用at；问“什么时候”用When。日常活动短语要记牢：getup、havebreakfast、gotoschool、dohomework、gotobed。过关小练1.Iusually________(go)toschoolat7:10.2.Myfatheralways________(read)thenewspaperafterdinner.3.—Whattimedoesyoursistergotobed?—________nineo’clock.4.Shenever________(watch)TVonschoolnights.5.我经常七点吃早饭。Ioften________breakfastatseven.6.—Whattime________yourbrotherdohishomework?—At7:30.Unit7HappyBirthday：序数词与日期序数词记变化。one、two、three变成first、second、third；其他多数加-th，five变fifth、nine变ninth、twelve变twelfth。日期和月份前的介词。问日期用What’sthedate?，具体某天前用on：on8thMay；只说月份用in：inMarch；具体钟点用at。过关小练1.TodayisOctoberthe________(twelve).2.Septemberisthe________(nine)monthoftheyear.3.—________isyourbirthday?—It’son8thMay.4.Mybirthdayis________March.5.Mayisthe________(five)monthoftheyear.6.—What’sthe________today?—It’s15thNovember.综合过关综合过关一：用所给单词的正确形式填空Hello!Myname1.________(be)LiuYang.Iamtwelve.There2.________(be)fourpeopleinmyfamily.Myfather3.________(work)inahospital.Mymother4.________(teach)English.Weusually5.________(have)dinnerat6:30.OnSaturdays,Ican6.________(play)footballwithmyfriends.Ourschoolisbig,andthere7.________(be)anicelibraryinit.Ioften8.________(go)thereafterclass.综合过关二：找出并改正句中的错误1.Mysisterlikemusicverymuch.2.Thereistwoerasersinthepencilbox.3.Hecanplaysthepiano.4.Iusuallygetupin6:30.5.ThisisIbook.6.What’syoufavouritesubject?参考答案这份讲义按单元顺序讲练结合，八个板块把七年级上册的语法主干过了一遍。做错的小练不要急着翻答案，先回看本板块的要点，看是规则没记住还是句子没读懂。改错和综合短文里的错误点都是平时作业里反复出现的，建议把错题抄在错题本上，每周末重做一遍。预备单元：be动词、指示代词与物主代词1.am2.These3.my4.watches5.itUnit1YouandMe：be动词与自我介绍1.are2.Are3.is4.isn’t（isnot）5.NiceUnit2We’reFamily!：一般现在时与名词所有格1.teac