(7.3.1)-Part3口腔医学英语

Orthodontics目录Contents01Introduction02TheBiologicBasisofOrthodonticTherapy03DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanning04ApplianceandTechnology05GrowthModification06CombinedOrthodonticandOrthognathicTreatmentPart3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningPart3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningOrthodonticDiagnosis:

TheProblem-OrientedApproach

Diagnosisinorthodontics,asinotherdisciplinesofdentistryandmedicine,requiresthecollectionofanadequatedatabaseofinformationaboutthepatientandthedistillationfromthatdatabaseofacomprehensivebutclearlystatedlistofthepatient'sproblems.distillation/ˌdɪstɪˈleɪʃn/n.精馏，蒸馏，净化Part3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningTwostepsconstitutediagnosis:1.Developmentofanadequatediagnosticdatabase2.Formulationofaproblemlist(thediagnosis)fromthedatabasePart3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningPart3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningQuestionnaireandInterview

ChiefConcern

主诉MedicalandDentalHistory全身病史和牙科病史PhysicalGrowthEvaluation生长发育评估SocialandBehavioralEvaluation社会学和行为学评估Part3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningPart3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningTherearethreemajorreasonsforpatientconcernaboutthealignmentandocclusionoftheteeth:impaireddentofacialappearanceandadiminishedsenseofsocialwell-being,impairedfunction,andimpairedoralhealth.impaired/ɪmˈpeəd/adj.受损的，出毛病的；有（身体或智力）缺陷的.diminish/dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/v.减减弱，降低，减少；贬低，轻视

socialwell-being社会心理问题Part3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningMedicalandDentalHistoryOrthodonticproblemsarealmostalwaystheculminationofadevelopmentalprocess,nottheresultofapathologiccondition.Acarefulmedicalanddentalhistoryisneededfororthodonticpatients,bothtoprovideaproperbackgroundforunderstandingthepatient'soverallsituationandtoevaluatespecificconcerns.Part3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningPart3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningPart3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningPhysicalGrowthEvaluationRapidgrowthduringtheadolescentgrowthspurtfacilitatestoothmovement,butanyattemptatgrowthmodificationwillsurelyfailinachildwhoisbeyondthepeakoftheadolescentgrowthspurt.adolescentgrowthspurt青春生长高峰Part3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningFornormalyouthswhoareapproachingpuberty,severalquestionsusuallyprovidethenecessaryinformationaboutwherethechildisonthegrowthcurve:Howrapidlyhasthechildgrownrecently?Haveclothessizeschangedrecently?Aretheresignsofsexualmaturation?Whendidsexualmaturationoccurinoldersiblings?puberty/ˈpjuːbəti/n.青春期，发育期；开花期sexualmaturation/ˌmætʃuˈreɪʃ(ə)n/性成熟Part3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningsecondarysexualcharacteristics第二性征heightandweightchanges身高和体重的变化thevertebraeseeninacephalometricradiograph

头颅侧位片颈椎骨形态Serialcephalometricradiographs序列头颅侧位片Hand-wristradiograph手腕片vertebrae/ˈvəːtɪbrə/n.（解剖）椎骨，脊椎（vertebra的复数）Part3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningSocialandBehavioralEvaluationSocialandbehavioralevaluationshouldexploreseveralrelatedareas:thepatient'smotivationfortreatment,whatheorsheexpectsasaresultoftreatment,andhowcooperativeoruncooperativethepatientislikelytobe.motivationn.动机；积极性；推动Part3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningMotivationExternalmotivationExternalmotivationissuppliedbypressurefromanotherindividual.InternalmotivationInternalmotivationcomesfromwithintheindividual.Part3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningPart3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningPart3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningClinicalEvaluationto

evaluateanddocumentoralhealth,jawfunction,facialproportions,andsmilecharacteristicstodecidewhichdiagnosticrecordsarerequired.0102goalsoforthodonticsclinicalexaminationfacialproportions面部比例Part3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningDiagnosticRecordstodocumentthestartingpointfortreatmentotoaddtotheinformationgatheredonclinicalexamination0102twopurposesPart3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningevaluationofevaluationofevaluationof231Orthodonticrecordsfacialandjawproportionsfacialphotographs,面部相片cephalometricradiographs,头影测量片computedtomography(CT)images.计算机断层扫描图像healthoftheteethandoralstructuresalignmentandocclusalrelationshipsoftheteethPart3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningPart3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningIntreatmentplanningthegoaliswisdom,notscientifictruth—judgmentisrequired.Interactionwiththepatientandparent,sothattheyareinvolvedinthedecisionsthatleadtothefinalplanandunderstandcostandriskversusbenefit,isthekeytoinformedconsent.Part3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningPart3DiagnosisandTreatmentPlanningd