2026年考研英语一真题（回忆版）及参考答案

2026年考研英语一真题（回忆版）及参考答案一、英语知识运用（完形填空）（每题0.5分，共10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thegrowingbodyofresearchonurbangreenspaceshasconsistentlyhighlightedtheirroleinimprovingpublichealth.Yeta2025studypublishedinUrbanStudiesrevealsthatthe1ofthesebenefitsisdeeplyunequalacrosssocioeconomicgroups.Researchersanalyzeddatafrom12majorU.S.cities,2residentialgreenspacecoveragewithself-reportedphysicalandmentalhealthoutcomes.Theyfoundthatlow-incomeneighborhoodshad330%lesstreecoverthanwealthyareas,4correspondinggapsinobesityratesandstress-relatedillness.Theproblemisnotsimplythatgreenspacesare5inpoorcommunities.Evenwhenparksareavailable,residentsoftenfacebarriersthat6regularuse:poorlymaintainedpaths,lackofpublicrestrooms,andhighratesofneighborhoodcrimeall7tolowervisitationrates.8,manylow-incomeareashavemore"gray"greenspaces—likedecorativelawnsalonghighways—thatoffer9recreationalvalue.Citieshave10arangeofpoliciestoaddressthisgap,fromplantingstreettreesinunderservedneighborhoodsto11communitygardenprograms.Butthestudyarguesthattheseeffortsareoften12,failingtoaddresstherootcausesofenvironmentalinequality.Instead,researchers13a"health-first"approachtourbanplanning.Thiswouldrequirecitiesto14greenspaceinvestmentsbasedoncommunityhealthneeds,ratherthan15onmarketdemandsorpoliticalpriorities.Italsomeans16residentsinthedesignprocess,toensurethatnewparks17thespecificneedsoflocalpopulations.Thestudy’sleadauthor,Dr.LenaMarquez,notesthatgreenspaceisnota"luxury"buta18publichealthinfrastructure."Whenwe19equalaccesstonature,wearenotjustimprovingqualityoflife—weare20long-termhealthdisparitiesthatcostcitiesbillionsinhealthcarespendingeachyear."1.A.distributionB.calculationC.definitionD.promotion2.A.combiningB.comparingC.linkingD.contrasting3.A.roughlyB.barelyC.merelyD.hardly4.A.alongwithB.duetoC.regardlessofD.insteadof5.A.overvaluedB.underfundedC.overlookedD.underrepresented6.A.discourageB.delayC.denyD.diminish7.A.contributeB.attributeC.attachD.relate8.A.ThereforeB.FurthermoreC.HoweverD.Otherwise9.A.significantB.minimalC.diverseD.indirect10.A.adoptedB.adaptedC.adjustedD.abandoned11.A.settingasideB.settingupC.settingoffD.settingdown12.A.effectiveB.temporaryC.superficialD.controversial13.A.advocateB.demonstrateC.estimateD.evaluate14.A.targetB.increaseC.reduceD.balance15.A.actingB.relyingC.focusingD.calling16.A.invitingB.rewardingC.trainingD.involving17.A.meetB.identifyC.discoverD.consider18.A.fundamentalB.optionalC.additionalD.advanced19.A.ensureB.pursueC.promoteD.achieve20.A.worseningB.creatingC.reducingD.hiding二、阅读理解（共60分）第一节阅读理解A（每题2分，共40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。####Text1Fordecades,archaeologistsstudyingtheMayacivilizationhavereliedonslow,labor-intensivefieldsurveystomapancientsettlementshiddenbeneaththedenseCentralAmericanrainforest.ButanewAI-poweredtoolistransformingthefield,enablingresearcherstoidentifypreviouslyunknownMayasitesinsatelliteimagerywithunprecedentedspeedandaccuracy.DevelopedbyateamatStanfordUniversity,thealgorithmistrainedonthousandsofimagesofconfirmedMayaruins,learningtorecognizedistinctivefeatureslikestonepyramids,raisedagriculturalterraces,andlinearcausewaysthatconnecturbancenters.Whenappliedto5,000squarekilometersofunstudiedterritoryinnorthernGuatemala,thesystemidentifiedover400newsites,includinga60-meter-longpyramidandanetworkofresidentialcomplexesthatsuggestamuchlargerpopulationthanpreviouslyestimated.ThetechnologyaddressesalongstandingchallengeinMayaarchaeology:thesheerscaleoftherainforestmakesgroundsurveysprohibitivelyexpensiveandtime-consuming.BeforeAI,researcherscouldspendyearsmappingasinglesmallvalley,oftenmissingsmallerormoreremotesettlementsentirely.Thenewtoolcutssurveytimeby90%,allowingteamstoprioritizeareasforon-the-groundexcavation.Criticswarnthatthealgorithmisnotinfallible.Itsometimesmisidentifiesnaturalrockformationsormodernagriculturalstructuresasancientruins,requiringhumanverificationofallpotentialsites.Butsupportersarguethatevenwiththeselimitations,thetechnologyrepresentsaparadigmshiftinhowarchaeologistsapproachlarge-scalelandscapestudies."Thisisn’taboutreplacingarchaeologists,"saysleadresearcherDr.CarlosMendez."It’saboutgivingusapowerfulnewlenstoseewhatwaspreviouslyinvisible.Forthefirsttime,wecanbegintounderstandthefullscopeofMayaurbanplanningandtheinterconnectednessoftheircitiesacrosstheentireregion."TheteamnowplanstoexpandtheprojecttocovertheentireMayalowlands,anareaofover300,000squarekilometers.TheyhopethatthenewdatawillhelpanswerlongstandingquestionsaboutthecollapseofMayacivilizationinthe9thcenturyCE,includingwhetherenvironmentaldegradationorpoliticalconflictplayedalargerrole.1.WhatisthemainadvantageoftheAItoolmentionedinthetext?A.Itcanexcavateancientruinswithouthumanlabor.B.ItcanidentifyMayasitesmuchfasterthantraditionalmethods.C.Itcandeterminetheexactageofarchaeologicalremains.D.Itcanpredictwherefutureruinswillbefound.2.AccordingtoParagraph2,theAIalgorithmistrainedto______.A.recognizeuniquestructuralfeaturesofMayaruinsB.reconstruct3DmodelsofancientbuildingsC.analyzethechemicalcompositionofstoneartifactsD.translateancientMayahieroglyphs3.WhatisalimitationoftheAItechnologymentionedinthetext?A.Itonlyworksinareaswithclearweather.B.Itcannotdistinguishsmallruinsfromnaturalrocks.C.Itproducesfalsepositivesthatneedhumanchecking.D.Itistooexpensiveformostresearchteamstouse.4.Dr.CarlosMendezmostprobablybelievesthatAI______.A.willeventuallyreplacefieldarchaeologistsB.haslittlepracticalvalueforseriousresearchC.isausefulsupplementtotraditionalarchaeologyD.cansolveallmysteriesoftheMayacivilization5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheCollapseoftheMayaCivilization:NewEvidenceB.AIRevolutionizesArchaeologyofAncientMayaSettlementsC.ChallengesofFieldResearchinCentralAmericanRainforestsD.ACompleteMapofMayaCitiesHasFinallyBeenCreated6.Whatwasthecommonpredictionaboutremotework’seffectoncities?A.Itwouldleadtoanincreaseinoveralltraffic.B.Itwouldreducecommutingandtransformcitycenters.C.Itwouldmakepublictransitmoreimportantthanever.D.Itwouldcausepeopletomovebacktocitycenters.7.Accordingtothetransportationdata,overallvehiclemilestraveledhaveincreasedbecause______.A.morepeoplearedrivingtoworkduringpeakhoursB.remoteworkersaremakingmorenon-commutetripsC.publictransithasbecomemoreexpensiveD.morepeoplearemovingtosuburbanareas8.WhatistheviciouscyclementionedinParagraph3?A.Morepeopledrive→worsetraffic→morepeopleworkremotelyB.Lesspeakridership→worsetransitservice→evenfewerridersC.Moreremotework→moreofficespace→higherhousingcostsD.Worseoff-peaktraffic→moreerrands→longercommutetimes9.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheimpactofremoteworkondifferentcities?A.AllmajorU.S.citieshaveseenpopulationdeclines.B.Olderindustrialcitieshavegrownfasterthansunbeltcities.C.Somecitieshavebenefitedwhileothershavestruggled.D.Citieswiththemostofficespacehavegrownthemost.10.WhatisDr.SarahKim’ssuggestionforurbanplanning?A.Returntopre-pandemictransportationpolicies.B.Encouragemorepeopletoworkinoffices.C.Focusexclusivelyonreducingpeak-hourtraffic.D.Adaptcityinfrastructuretonewworkpatterns.11.Whatiscarbonlabelingdesignedtodo?A.Measurethecarbonfootprintofmanufacturingprocesses.B.Informconsumersaboutaproduct’senvironmentalimpact.C.Taxcompaniesbasedontheirproductemissions.D.Encouragecompaniestoreducepackagingwaste.12.AccordingtotheEuropeanCommissionstudy,carbonlabelshadthestrongesteffecton______.A.low-incomeconsumersB.high-incomeconsumersC.middle-incomeconsumersD.luxurygoodsbuyers13.Theword"perverse"(Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto______.A.oppositetotheexpectedeffectB.consistentwithpreviousfindingsC.toosmalltobemeaningfulD.limitedtocertainregions14.WhatisTomBecker’smaincriticismofcarbonlabeling?A.Itistooexpensiveforcompaniestoimplement.B.Itmisleadsconsumersaboutproductemissions.C.Itfailstoaddresssystemiccausesofemissions.D.Itdisproportionatelyharmslow-incomefamilies.15.Whichofthefollowingisameasureproposedtoaddresstheinequalitygapinsustainableconsumption?A.Banningcarbonlabelsonluxurygoods.B.Providingfinancialsupportforlow-incomeconsumerstobuygreenproducts.C.Increasingtaxesonallimportedproducts.D.Makingcarbonlabelingoptionalforsmallcompanies.16.Whatisthemaincriticismofmodernadaptationsofclassicliterature?A.Theyaretooexpensivetoproduce.B.Theysimplifytheoriginalworkandloseitsdepth.C.Theyfocustoomuchonhistoricalaccuracy.D.Theyonlyappealtoolderaudiences.17.Supportersofadaptationsbelievethatupdatingclassicworks______.A.showsthattheoriginalworksarenolongerrelevantB.isaformofdisrespecttotheoriginalauthorsC.demonstratesthetimelessvalueoftheworksD.makesitharderforpeopletoappreciatetheoriginals18.WhatdidtheBritishCouncilstudyfindaboutfilmadaptations?A.Theyreducesalesoftheoriginalbooks.B.Theyencouragemorepeopletoreadclassicliterature.C.Theyareusuallyworsethantheoriginalbooks.D.Theyhavenoimpactonyoungerreaders.19.Accordingtothestudy,themostsuccessfuladaptations______.A.changealmosteverythingabouttheoriginalB.followtheoriginaltextwordforwordC.combinecorethemeswithmodernupdatesD.focusonlyonpopularcontemporarythemes20.Dr.EleanorVance’sattitudetowardsmodernadaptationsis______.A.supportiveB.criticalC.neutralD.indifferent第二节阅读理解B（新题型）（每题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。####HowtoBuildaDeepReadingHabitInanageofshort-formvideoandsocialmediascrolling,manypeoplefinditharderthanevertositdownandreadabookfromstarttofinish.Deepreading—thekindoffocused,immersivereadingthatallowsustoengagefullywithcomplexideas—isaskillthatrequirespractice._21_Startsmall,andbeconsistent.Youdon’tneedtoreadforhoursatatimetobuildadeepreadinghabit.Even15or20minutesoffocusedreadingeverydayisenoughtostartseeingbenefits._22_Overtime,you’llfinditeasiertostayfocusedforlongerperiods._23_It’snearlyimpossibletoreaddeeplywhenyourphoneisbuzzingwithnotificationseveryfewminutes.Trykeepingyourphoneinanotherroomwhenyouread,oruseanapptoblocksocialmediaandotherdistractions.Chooseaquiet,comfortablespacewhereyouwon’tbeinterrupted,andmakeityourdesignatedreadingspot.Readactively,notpassively.Deepreadingisaninteractiveprocess._24_Takenotesinthemargins,underlinepassagesthatresonatewithyou,andpauseperiodicallytoreflectonwhatyou’vejustread.Askyourselfquestionsabouttheauthor’sargument,andconsiderhowtheideasconnecttootherthingsyouknow.Choosetherightbooks.Noteverybookissuitablefordeepreading.Light,easyreadslikeromancenovelsorthrillersaredesignedtobeconsumedquickly,andtheydon’trequirethesameleveloffocus.Topracticedeepreading,choosebooksthatchallengeyouintellectually—worksofnon-fictionthatexplorecomplexideas,orliteraryfictionwithrichcharactersandthemes._25_Finally,bepatientwithyourself.Buildingadeepreadinghabittakestime,especiallyifyou’reusedtoconstantdigitalstimulation.Therewillbedayswhenyoucan’tfocus,orwhenyou’dratherscrollthroughsocialmediathanpickupabook.That’snormal.Whatmattersisshowingupconsistently,andmakingreadingaregularpartofyourlife.A.Createadistraction-freereadingenvironment.B.Thekeyistomakeitadailyroutine,ratherthanoccasionalmarathonsessions.C.Manypeoplefindithelpfultojoinabookclubtostaymotivated.D.Butwiththerightstrategies,anyonecanrediscoverthejoyofdeep,focusedreading.E.Insteadofjustlettingwordswashoveryou,engagewiththetextactively.F.Ifyou’renotenjoyingabook,don’tforceyourselftofinishit.G.It’sokaytostartwithshorterworksandworkyourwayuptolonger,morecomplexbooks.21.答案：D22.答案：B23.答案：A24.答案：E25.答案：G第三节阅读理解C（翻译）（每题2分，共10分）将文中划线句子翻译成通顺的汉语。Theconceptofintergenerationaljusticehasbecomeincreasinglycentraltodebatesaboutclimatechangepolicy.(26)Atitscore,intergenerationaljusticereferstotheideathatpresentgenerationshaveamoralobligationtoconsidertheneedsoffuturegenerationswhenmakingdecisionsthatwillshapetheplanetforcenturiestocome.(27)Climatechangeposesauniquechallengetothisprinciplebecausethecostsofinactiontodaywillfalldisproportionatelyonpeoplewhohavenotyetbeenborn,andwhohavenosayincurrentpolicydecisions.Thecarbonemissionsweproducetodaywillwarmtheplanetforhundredsofyears,leadingtomoreextremeweather,risingsealevels,andwidespreadecosystemcollapsethatwillaffectfuturepopulationsfarmoreseverelythanourown.(28)Criticsofstrongclimateactionoftenarguethatitwouldbeunfairtoaskcurrentgenerations,especiallythoseindevelopingcountries,tosacrificeeconomicgrowthforthebenefitofpeoplewhowillbemuchwealthierinthefuture.Butrecentresearchsuggeststhattheeconomiccostsofunmitigatedclimatechangewouldbefargreaterthanthecostsoftransitioningtoalow-carboneconomy.(29)Moreover,theargumentforintergenerationaljusticeisnotjustabouteconomiccosts—itisaboutprotectingfundamentalhumanrights,includingtherighttocleanair,safedrinkingwater,andalivableenvironment.Thesearerightsthatapplytoallpeople,regardlessofwhentheyareborn.(30)Aspolicymakerscontinuetonegotiateglobalclimateagreements,thequestionofhowtobalancetheneedsofpresentandfuturegenerationswillremainoneofthemostpressingethicalchallengesofourtime.Findingsolutionsthatarebothfairandeffectivewillrequirenotjusttechnologicalinnovation,butafundamentalshiftinhowwethinkaboutourrelationshiptothepast,present,andfutureofhumanity.26.答案：代际正义的核心是指这样一种理念：当代人在做出将在未来数百年影响地球形态的决策时，有道义责任考虑后代人的需求。27.答案：气候变化对这一原则构成了独特的挑战，因为当下不作为的代价将不成比例地落在尚未出生、对当前政策决策没有发言权的人身上。28.答案：反对采取强有力气候行动的人常常认为，要求当代人（尤其是发展中国家的当代人）为了未来富裕得多的人的利益牺牲经济增长是不公平的。29.答案：此外，支持代际正义的论点不仅关乎经济成本，还关乎保护基本人权，包括获得清洁空气、安全饮用水和宜居环境的权利。30.答案：随着政策制定者继续就全球气候协议进行谈判，如何平衡当代人和后代人的需求仍将是我们这个时代最紧迫的伦理挑战之一。三、写作（共30分）第一节小作文（10分）1.Directions:Youarepreparingforyourgraduationthesisandfindthattheuniversitylibrarylacksforeign-languagepopularsciencebooksrelevanttoyourresearch.Writealettertothelibrarydirectorto1.explainthesituation,2.putforwardyoursuggestions,and3.expressyourhopeforimprovement.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use"LiMing"instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)参考范文：DearDirector,IamLiMing,aseniorstudentmajoringinenvironmentalscience.Iamwritingtomakeasuggestionaboutimprovingourlibrary’scollectionofforeign-languagepopularsciencebooks.Recently,whenpreparingmygraduationthesisonmarinebiodiversity,IfoundthatthelibraryhasveryfewEnglishpopularscienceworksonthistopic.Mostoftheavailablematerialsareoutdatedacademicjournals,whicharelessaccessibleforundergraduateresearch.Isuggestthatthelibraryaddmorerecentforeignpopularsciencebooks,andsetupadedicatedreservationshelfforfrequentlyusedreferencebooks.Iwouldgreatlyappreciateitifyoucouldconsidermyproposal.Thankyouforyourtimeandeffort.Yourssincerely,LiMing第二节大作文（20分）1.Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthedrawingbelow.Inyouressay,youshould1.describethedrawingbriefly,2.interpretitsintendedmeaning,and3.giveyourcomments.（图画说明：一个打扮时髦的年轻人站在装修精致的网红书店里，左手举着奶茶，右手举着手机对着身后满是塑封书籍的书架自拍，旁边配文"今日阅读打卡"。）参考范文：Asisvividlydepictedinthedrawing,ayoungmanintrendyclothesstandsinabeautifullydecorated"Internet-famousbookstore".Holdingacupofmilkteainonehandandasmartphoneintheother,heisbusytakingaselfieinfrontofbookshelvesfilledwithbooksstillwrappedinplastic,withthecaption"Today’sreadingcheck-in"nexttohim.Thedrawingrevealsathought-provokingsocialphenomenon:formanypeople,readinghasbecomeasuperficial,formality-drivenactivityratherthanagenuinepursuitofknowledge.Peoplevisitbookstoresnottoimmersethemselvesinbooks,buttoshowofftheir"cultured"imageonsocialmedia.Thiskindofperformativereadingbringsnorealintellectualgrowth,anditreflectsabroadercultureofinstantgratificationinthedigitalage.Frommyperspective,thetruevalueofreadingliesintheengagementwithideas,notinthedisplayofparticipation.Togainrealbenefitsfromreading,weshouldslowdown,putdownourphones,andactuallyopenthebooks.Onlythroughdeep,focusedreadingcanweexpandourhorizonsandenrichourminds.参考答案与解析一、英语知识运用（完形填空）1.答案：A解析：后文提到不同社会经济群体之间的收益不平等，对应"分配（distribution）"不均的核心逻辑。2.答案：C解析：研究的核心是将绿地覆盖率与健康结果建立关联，linkAwithB符合研究方法的表述。3.答案：A4.答案：A5.答案：D6.答案：A7.答案：A8.答案：B9.答案：B解析：高速路旁的装饰草坪属于"灰色绿地"，几乎没有休闲价值，minimal表示"最低限度的，几乎没有的"，符合语境。10.答案：A11.答案：B12.答案：C解析：后文提到这些政策未能解决环境不平等的根源，说明只是表面的（superficial）措施。13.答案：A14.答案：A15.答案：B16.答案：D17.答案：A18.答案：A19.答案：B20.答案：C二、阅读理解1.答案：B2.答案：A3.答案：C4.答案：C解析：第四段中他明确表示AI不是要取代考古学家，而是提供新的研究视角，属于传统考古的有力补充。5.答案：B####Text2Whenremoteworkbecamewidespreadduringthe2020pandemic,manyurbanplannerspredictedapermanentdeclineincommutingandarenaissanceofcitycentersasofficespacewasrepurposedforhousingandleisure.Fiveyearslater,therealitylooksfarmorecomplicated.NewdatafromtheU.S.DepartmentofTransportationshowsthatwhilepeak-hourcommuteshavedroppedby18%comparedtopre-pandemiclevels,overallvehiclemilestraveledhaveactuallyincreasedby7%.Thereason?Remoteandhybridworkersarenotstayinghomeasmuchasexpected.Instead,theyaredrivingmorefrequentlyformiddayerrands,socialvisits,andtripstoco-workingspaces,spreadingtrafficacrosstheentireday.Thisshifthascreatedanewsetofproblemsforcities.Traditionalrush-hourcongestionhaseasedsomewhat,butoff-peaktrafficisnowworsethanever,makingitharderforpublictransitagenciestojustifyfrequentservice.Withfewerpeopleridingbusesandtrainsduringpeakhours,manysystemshavecutroutes,creatingaviciouscyclewheredecliningridershipleadstoworseservice,whichinturndrivesmorepeopletodrive.Theimpactonurbancoresisalsomixed.Whilesomecentralbusinessdistrictshavestruggledwithemptyofficetowersandclosedrestaurants,othershaveseenaboominresidentialdevelopmentandneighborhoodamenities.CitieslikeAustinandMiamihaveactuallygainedpopulationasremoteworkersmovetoplaceswithlowercostsandbetterweather,whileoldercitieslikeNewYorkandChicagohaveseenslowergrowth.Criticsofremoteworkpoliciesarguethattheshifthasexacerbatedinequality.Low-wageworkerswhocannotworkfromhomestillfacelongcommutes,whilewhite-collarprofessionalsenjoytheflexibilitytolivefartherfromcitycenters.Meanwhile,thedeclineinpublictransitridershiphashitlow-incomecommunitieshardest,astheyrelymostheavilyonbusesandtrainsfortransportation.Urbanplannersarenowrethinkingtheirapproachtotransportationandlanduse.Manyarecallingforinvestmentsinoff-peaktransitservice,bettercyclinginfrastructure,andmixed-usedevelopmentthatreducestheneedforlongcartrips."Wecan’tjustplanfor9-to-5commutesanymore,"saystransportationexpertDr.SarahKim."Weneedtobuildcitiesthatworkforthewaypeopleactuallylivenow."6.答案：B7.答案：B8.答案：B9.答案：C10.答案：D####Text3Asconcernoverclimatechangegrows,policymakersaroundtheworldareincreasinglyturningto"carbonlabeling"asawaytoencouragesustainableconsumption.Theideaissimple:putalabeloneveryproductshowingitstotalgreenhousegasemissions,andconsumerswillchooselower-carbonoptions.Butdoesitactuallywork?A2025studybytheEuropeanCommissionanalyzedtheimpactofmandatorycarbonlabelingonfoodproductsacross10EUcountries.Theresearchersfoundthataftertwoyears,salesofhigh-carbonproductslikeredmeatandprocessedfoodshaddroppedby8%,whilesalesoflow-carbonalternativeslikelegumesandplant-basedproteinshadrisenby12%.Theeffectwasstrongestamongmiddle-incomeconsumers,whoarebothprice-sensitiveandconcernedaboutenvironmentalissues.However,thestudyalsorevealedsignificantlimitations.Carbonlabelshadalmostnoimpactonlow-incomeconsumers,whooftencannotaffordtopaythepremiumforsustainableproducts.Andforluxurygoods,thelabelsactuallyhadaperverseeffect:somehigh-incomeconsumerswerewillingtopaymoreforhigh-carbonproducts,seeingthemasastatussymbol.Criticsofcarbonlabelingarguethatitplacestoomuchresponsibilityonindividualconsumers,ratherthanaddressingthesystemicdriversofemissions."Wecan’tshopourwayoutoftheclimatecrisis,"saysenvironmentalactivistTomBecker."Realchangerequirespolicythatholdscorporationsaccountablefortheiremissions,notjustaskingpeopletomakebetterchoicesatthegrocerystore."Supporterscounterthatcarbonlabelingisjustonepartofabroaderstrategy.Whencombinedwithcarbontaxes,subsidiesforgreenproducts,andstricterregulationsonindustry,labelscanhelpshiftconsumerdemandinamoresustainabledirection.Theyalsopointoutthatlabelingcreatestransparency,makingiteasierforconsumerstoholdcompaniesaccountablefortheirenvironmentalclaims.TheEUisnowconsideringexpandingcarbonlabelingtoallconsumerproducts,fromclothingtoelectronics.Butpolicymakersarealsoexploringwaystoaddresstheinequalitygap,suchasprovidingvouchersforlow-incomefamiliestobuysustainableproducts,orusingcarbontaxrevenuestomakegreengoodsmoreaffordable."Thegoalisn’ttomakesustainableconsumptionaprivilegeforthewealthy,"saysEUenvironmentalpolicychiefAnnaMüller."It’stomakethesustainablechoicetheeasy