广东省惠州市部分学校2024-2025学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省惠州市部分学校2024-2025学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题一、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABoatRentalsinVancouverGranvilleIslandBoatRentals,locatedintheheartofdowntownVancouver,featuresthesafestandmostadvancedlineupofboatrentalsinVancouver.Ithasservedoverhalfamillioncustomerssinceitbeganrentingboatsin1982.WhileexploringthesitesVancouverhasoffered,youcan’tmissobservingwildlifelikeseals(海豹),bald(秃的)eagles,seabirdsalongtheway.Besidesthese,whatsetsusapartistheextensiveselectionofboatrentalsweprovide,varyingfromdifferentmodels,capacitiestoreasonableprices.Boatsinrental16feetboatsHourstonGlascraft18feetboatsGTDeluxeBaylinerElementCapacity2-4people2-5people2-8peopleExtrasBluetoothaudioBluetoothaudioOpennow,BiminiTop,BluetoothHourlyrate(weekday)$60$95$130Hourlyrate(weekend)$70$105$1404⁺hourrateWeekday:$55/hrWeekend:$65/hrWeekday:$90/hrWeekend:$100/hrWeekday:$125/hrWeekend:$135/hrGuestComments“…Thanksfortheawesomeinstructionsandpatience.Wehadagreattime!My7yr.oldspottedaseal!Myhusbandreceivedagiftcertificateforhis40thbirthday…brilliantidea!…”—Sarah,Delta,Canada“…Greatexperience!Thenicest,mostfriendlystaffI’veevermetinCanada.Theboatwasniceandhandledwell.Thepricewasveryreasonable.GreatwaytogetadifferentviewofVancouver.Anabsolutemusttry.Thanksguys!…”—MortenBothmann,Copenhagen,Denmark1.WhatisthebiggestadvantageofGranvilleIslandBoatRentals?A.Offeringvariousboatrentals.B.Takingtouriststodifferentsites.C.Ensuringthehighestlevelofsafety.D.Guidingvisitorsinwildlifeobservation.2.Howmuchdoesitcosttorentaboataccommodating8peoplefor5hoursonweekend?A.$350. B.$500. C.$700. D.$675.3.WhatdoSara’sandMorten’sopinionshaveincommon?A.Easily-controlledequipment. B.Well-receivedservice.C.Reasonableboatrentalprice. D.Breathtakingscenery.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍GranvilleIslandBoatRentals游艇租赁信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。由文章第二段“Besidesthese,whatsetsusapartistheextensiveselectionofboatrentalsweprovide,varyingfromdifferentmodels,capacitiestoreasonableprices.(除此之外，使我们与众不同的是，我们提供了广泛的船只租赁选择，从不同的型号、容量到合理的价格不等。)”可知，GranvilleIslandBoatRentals的最大优势是租赁提供各种船只租赁服务。故选A项。【2题详析】细节理解题。由Boatsinrental中表格最后一栏可知，“周末可容纳8人5小时的船”需要支付135*5=675。故选D项。【3题详析】细节理解题。由倒数第二段“Thanksfortheawesomeinstructionsandpatience.(感谢您的指导和耐心。)”和最后一段“Greatexperience!Thenicest,mostfriendlystaffI’veevermetinCanada.Theboatwasniceandhandledwell.(很棒的体验！这是我在加拿大见过的最好、最友好的员工。这艘船很好，操控也很好。)”可知，Sara和Morten都提到了服务周到。故选B项。BGrowingupwithmoviessuchas“HighSchoolMusical”and“Grease”,whichpresentedtheideal(理想的)highschoolfriendships,wesometimesexpectaperfectrelationship.Indeed,somehighschoolfriendshipscanberealandsimple;whilestillsomehighschoolstudentswillmeetafriendwhocausestrouble.Withfailedfriendshipscomelessonsandexperienceslearnedforthefuture.Youwillknowtheinfluenceafteryouleavehighschool.“Iwasalwaysworriedaboutwhatmyfriendsthoughtaboutme.SometimesmyfriendswouldmakefunofwhatIworeorwhatIwoulddo.Ialwaystriedtogetalongwellwiththem,butIrealizedhowhappyIwasonceIstoppedcontactingthemafterhighschool,”saidElisha,Classof2020.Mostteenshavenotrealizedthebigquestionwhendealingwithhighschoolproblems.Infiveyears,willthisstillmatter?Itishardlookingatthebigpicturewhentheproblemsareinfrontofyou,whichisunderstandable.However,mostteensneedamomenttoreflect(反思)andquestioniftheproblemmattersinalongtime.Briana,ahighschoolteacher,said,“Now,Iamincontactwithtwohighschoolfriends.IthinkthefriendshipexperiencesIhadinhighschoolshapedwhoIambecauseIlearnedtobeopenmindedandbefriendallkindsofpeople.Ilearnedtoseepeopleforwhotheyare,notwhattheywearorwhotheyplaywith.Ilearnedmostofallhowtobeagoodfriend.”Highschoolisasmallpartofyourlife,butithasahugeinfluenceonwhoyouwillbecomeandwhereyouwillgo.Friendshipsandrelationshipshelpshapewhoyouare,whethertheyaregoodorbad.Lessonsarebrought,andlessonsarelearned.4.Whydidtheauthormentionthetwomoviesinthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.B.Toexplainwhatahighschoolfriendshipis.C.Torecommendthesetwomoviestoreaders.D.Toattractreaders’attentiontothesetwomovies.5.WhatdidElishathinkofher“friends”?A.Theymadeherunhappy. B.Theycaredaboutherbehavior.C.Theygotalongwellwithher. D.Theywerealwaysworriedabouther.6.WhydidBrianathinkherfriendshipexperiencesshapeher?A.Shelearnedtoplaywithherfriends.B.Shelearnedtomakedifferentfriends.C.Shelearnedtoshapeherfriends’minds.D.Shelearnedtowearjustlikeherfriends.7.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Failedfriendshipsmadeteensworried.B.Goodfriendshipsgreatlyinfluencedteens.C.Highschoolfriendshipshelptoshapeteens.D.Friendshipsaredifficultforteenstodealwith,【答案】4.A5.A6.B7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了高中的友谊会塑造青少年。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Indeed,somehighschoolfriendshipscanberealandsimple;whilestillsomehighschoolstudentswillmeetafriendwhocausestrouble.Withfailedfriendshipscomelessonsandexperienceslearnedforthefuture.Youwillknowtheinfluenceafteryouleavehighschool.(事实上，一些高中友谊是真实而简单的；尽管如此，一些高中生还是会遇到一个惹麻烦的朋友。失败的友谊会给未来带来教训和经验。高中毕业后你会知道影响)”以及下文对高中友谊的论述推知，第一段提到这两部电影是为了引出本文的主题——高中的友谊塑造了青少年。故选A。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段Elisha所说的话“Iwasalwaysworriedaboutwhatmyfriendsthoughtaboutme.SometimesmyfriendswouldmakefunofwhatIworeorwhatIwoulddo.Ialwaystriedtogetalongwellwiththem,butIrealizedhowhappyIwasonceIstoppedcontactingthemafterhighschool(我总是担心我的朋友们对我的看法。有时我的朋友会取笑我的穿着或我会做什么。我总是努力与他们相处融洽，但我意识到，一旦我高中毕业后不再与他们联系，我是多么高兴)”可知，Elisha认为她的“朋友”让她不开心。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Briana所说的话“IthinkthefriendshipexperiencesIhadinhighschoolshapedwhoIambecauseIlearnedtobeopenmindedandbefriendallkindsofpeople(我认为高中时的友谊经历塑造了我的身份，因为我学会了开放的心态，与各种各样的人交朋友)”可知，Briana认为她的友谊塑造了她是因为她学会了与各种各样的人交朋友。故选B。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的“Indeed,somehighschoolfriendshipscanberealandsimple;whilestillsomehighschoolstudentswillmeetafriendwhocausestrouble.Withfailedfriendshipscomelessonsandexperienceslearnedforthefuture.Youwillknowtheinfluenceafteryouleavehighschool.(事实上，一些高中友谊是真实而简单的；尽管如此，一些高中生还是会遇到一个惹麻烦的朋友。失败的友谊会给未来带来教训和经验。高中毕业后你会知道影响)”和最后一段“Highschoolisasmallpartofyourlife,butithasahugeinfluenceonwhoyouwillbecomeandwhereyouwillgo.Friendshipsandrelationshipshelpshapewhoyouare,whethertheyaregoodorbad.Lessonsarebrought,andlessonsarelearned.(高中是你生活的一小部分，但它对你将成为谁和你将去哪里有着巨大的影响。朋友和关系有助于塑造你是谁，无论他们是好的还是坏的。带来教训，吸取教训)”可知，本文主要论述了高中的友谊能够帮助塑造青少年，无论好坏。故选C。CBarbaraLakin,aformersweaterdesignerlivinginNewYork,hasbreathednewlifeintospecialBarbies.Shespendshundredsofhoursinsewing(缝纫)uniqueandwell-designeddressesforoldBarbiesthataredonatedbypeoplewhoaresupportiveofhereffort.Thelittlegirlswhoaregoingtogetthesetoysaremigrants,mostofwhomhavetraveledwiththeirfamilyformonthstogettotheUS,usuallyescapingfrompooreconomiesanddangeroussituationsathome.Lakinknowsitishardtoimaginewhatthesechildrenhavegonethrough.Shebelieveshavingatoy,especiallyforachildintheseconditions,isreallyimportant.It’ssomethingthatcancomfortthemandsomethingthattheycanholdclose.Whilethosetoyswillnevertakeawaythetraumatheyhaveexperiencedorthedifficultiestheystillfaceatpresent,Lakinsaidthetoysdomakeagreatdifference.ItismorethanjustaBarbietoy;atleastforamoment,theseyoungmigrantscanbesimplychildrenagain.Shethinksthatisparticularlyimportanttothem.“Igetalotoutofit,too,”Lakinsaidtruly.“IpersonallyliketohandthemoutbecauseIlovebeingabletosay,‘Imadethisforyou’,andthesmilesandthehappinesstheygaveme.It’smomentslikethesethatmakeitallworthwhile.”LakindoesherbesttosourceBarbiesandtakeshercreativeprocessseriously,carefullysewingtheBarbie’sclothes.Shehasgivenawaynearly20Barbiessofar,whicharemadeupoftoysinavarietyofshapesandsizes,andshehopespeoplewilldonatemore.“Itshowsthesekidswecareaboutthemalotandthatwe’renotjustgivingthemsandwichesandwaterandessentialclothes.It’sanextraspecialthing,andIthinkthattheydeserveit,”commentedLakin.8.WhowillmostprobablyreceiveLakin’sBarbie?A.Tanaka,aJapanesegirl,whoiscrazyaboutBarbies.B.Olivia,anAmericangirl,whosefamilysufferspoverty.C.Talia,anIsraeligirl,whoisstillexperiencingdangeroussituationsathome.D.Yara,aSyriangirl,whomovedtoNewYorktoavoidtheharmfromwar.9.Theunderlinedword“trauma”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto_______.A.disaster B.pleasure C.suffering D.stress10.WhatdoesLakinthinkofgivingawaytheBarbies?A.Itmakesherahero. B.Itiswellworthpraising.C.Itisawin-winbehavior. D.Itbringshermuchmoney.11.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLakin?A.Patient. B.Serious. C.Grateful. D.Caring.【答案】8.D9.C10.C11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是纽约的一位前毛衣设计师BarbaraLakin如何通过自己的努力，为来美移民小女孩捐赠并亲手缝制芭比娃娃，为她们带去欢乐和安慰的故事。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thelittlegirlswhoaregoingtogetthesetoysaremigrants,mostofwhomhavetraveledwiththeirfamilyformonthstogettotheUS,usuallyescapingfrompooreconomiesanddangeroussituationsathome.(得到这些玩具的小女孩都是移民，她们大多是为了逃避国内的贫困经济和危险情况，与家人一起旅行了几个月才来到美国。)”可知，Lakin的芭比娃娃主要是给那些逃离贫困和危险情况的移民小女孩，因此最有可能收到Lakin的芭比娃娃的是Yara，一个叙利亚女孩，她和家人搬到纽约以避免战争的伤害。故选D。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Thelittlegirlswhoaregoingtogetthesetoysaremigrants,mostofwhomhavetraveledwiththeirfamilyformonthstogettotheUS,usuallyescapingfrompooreconomiesanddangeroussituationsathome.(得到这些玩具的小女孩都是移民，她们大多是为了逃避国内的贫困经济和危险情况，与家人一起旅行了几个月才来到美国。)”，第二段“theyhaveexperienced(他们经历了)”和“orthedifficultiestheystillfaceatpresent(或者他们目前仍然面临的困难)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“虽然这些玩具永远无法消除他们所经历的创伤或他们目前仍然面临的困难，但Lakin说，这些玩具确实会带来很大的不同”，划线词trauma的意思是“痛苦经历，创伤”，和suffering意思相近。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段““Igetalotoutofit,too,”Lakinsaidtruly.“IpersonallyliketohandthemoutbecauseIlovebeingabletosay,‘Imadethisforyou’,andthesmilesandthehappinesstheygaveme.It’smomentslikethesethatmakeitallworthwhile.”(“我也从中得到了很多，”Lakin真诚地说。“我个人喜欢把它们分发出去，因为我喜欢能够说，‘我为你做了这个’，以及它们给我带来的微笑和快乐。只有这样的时刻，一切才值得。”)”可知，Lakin认为赠送芭比娃娃是双赢的行为。故选C。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Itshowsthesekidswecareaboutthemalotandthatwe’renotjustgivingthemsandwichesandwaterandessentialclothes.It’sanextraspecialthing,andIthinkthattheydeserveit(这表明我们非常关心这些孩子，我们不只是给他们三明治、水和基本的衣服。这是一件特别的事情，我认为他们值得拥有它)”可知，Lakin是关心他人的，因此可用caring来描述Lakin。故选D。DAnewstudysuggeststhatsciencerole-playingmayhelptightenthegendergapinscience,technology,engineering,andmath(STEM)educationandcareersforwomensimplybyimprovingtheiridentityasscientists.FrustratedbythegendergapinSTEM,inwhichsomefieldsemployatleastthreetimesmorementhanwomen,CornellgraduatestudentReutShachnaiwantedtodosomethingaboutit.Reutsaidtheideatohelpfosteryounggirls’interestinsciencecametoherduringalectureinaclassshewastakingonPsychologyofImagination.Reutdesignedanexperimenttotestifassumingtheroleofasuccessfulscientistwouldimprovegirls’persistenceina“sinkorfloat”sciencegame.Thegameitselfwassimpleyetchallenging:acomputerscreenprojectedaslidewithanobjectinthecenteraboveapoolofwater.Kidsthenhadtopredictwhethertheobjectwouldsinkorfloat.Shestudied240four-to-seven-year-olds,becausethisisaroundthetimekidsfirstdeveloptheirsenseofidentityandcapabilities.Theyweredividedintotwogroups.Childreninthe“story”grouplearnedaboutthesuccessesandstrugglesofagender-matchedscientistbeforeplayingthegame.BoysheardaboutIsaacNewtonandgirlsweretoldaboutMarieCurie.Childreninthe“pretend”groupweretoldtoassumetheidentityofthescientisttheyjustlearnedabout.Allkidsplayedatleastoneroundofthegame.Nomatterwhatgrouptheywerein,girlsgottheanswersrightjustasoftenasboys-nearly70%ofthetime.Boys,however,didn’treallybenefitfromthestoriesormake-believe.Besides,girlspretendingtobeDr.Mariepersistedtwiceaslongatthesink-or-floatgame,playingjustasmuchastheboysdid.Reut’steacherTamarKushnirsaid,“Ratherthanmerelyhearingaboutrolemodels,childrenmaybenefitfromactivelyperformingthetypeofactionstheyseerolemodelsperform.Inotherwords,takingafewstepsintherolemodel’sshoes,insteadofmerelyobservingherwalk.”12.WhydidReutdesigna“sinkorfloat”sciencegame?A.TohandlethegendergapinSTEM. B.ToattachimportancetoSTEM.C.Todrawkids’attentiontoSTEM. D.Tocompareboys’andgirls’persistence.13.Whatcanweinferfromthesink-or-floatgame?A.Kidsenjoyedlisteningtoscientists’stories. B.Boysavoidedplayingmake-believegames.C.Girlsperformedaswellasboysinscience. D.ChildrenfollowedDr.Marietoexplorescience.14.WhatisTamarKushnir’sattitudetowardskids’assumingidentityasscientists?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful. C.Indifferent. D.Negative.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Girlsshouldgetrecognitionlikeboys B.AfineexamplehasboundlesspowerforkidsC.Girlscanworkonmoresciencegames D.Make-believeexercisesbenefitgirlsinSTEM【答案】12.A13.C14.A15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述一项新的研究表明，通过提高女性作为科学家的身份，科学角色扮演可能有助于缩小女性在科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)教育和职业方面的性别差距。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“FrustratedbythegendergapinSTEM,inwhichsomefieldsemployatleastthreetimesmorementhanwomen,CornellgraduatestudentReutShachnaiwantedtodosomethingaboutit.”（康奈尔大学的研究生ReutShachnai对STEM领域的性别差距感到沮丧，在某些领域，男性雇员的数量至少是女性的三倍，他想为此做点什么。）和第三段“Reutdesignedanexperimenttotestifassumingtheroleofasuccessfulscientistwouldimprovegirls’persistenceina“sinkorfloat”sciencegame.”（Reut设计了一个实验来测试假设一个成功的科学家的角色是否会提高女孩在“下沉或漂浮”科学游戏中的毅力。）可知，Reut设计了一个“下沉或漂浮”的游戏，是为了解决在STEM领域存在的性别差距。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Nomatterwhatgrouptheywerein,girlsgottheanswersrightjustasoftenasboys-nearly70%ofthetime.”（无论他们在哪个组，女孩的答对率都和男孩一样——接近70%。）和“Besides,girlspretendingtobeDr.Mariepersistedtwiceaslongatthesink-or-floatgame,playingjustasmuchastheboysdid.”（此外，假装Marie博士的女孩在“下沉或漂浮”游戏中坚持的时间是男孩的两倍，玩得和男孩一样多。）可知，在游戏当中，女孩在科学方面的表现和男孩一样好。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段TamarKushnir说的话“Ratherthanmerelyhearingaboutrolemodels,childrenmaybenefitfromactivelyperformingthetypeofactionstheyseerolemodelsperform.”（孩子们可能会从积极地做他们看到的榜样所做的事情中受益，而不仅仅是听到关于榜样的事情。）可知，TamarKushnir认为孩子们扮演科学家角色会让他们从中受益，由此推知，作者对此持支持态度。故选A。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Anewstudysuggeststhatsciencerole-playingmayhelptightenthegendergapinscience,technology,engineering,andmath(STEM)educationandcareersforwomensimplybyimprovingtheiridentityasscientists.”（一项新的研究表明，通过提高女性作为科学家的身份，科学角色扮演可能有助于缩小女性在科学、技术、工程和数学(STEM)教育和职业生涯中的性别差距。）及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了科学角色扮演的练习有助于缩小女性在STEM的性别差距，对女性是有益的。故D项“假装练习在STEM方面对女孩有益”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。二、阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Olympicmedalsareamongthemostrespectedhonorsinthesportingworld,symbolizingnotonlyathleticvictory,butalsotherichhistory,finecraftsmanship,andlongstandingtraditionsoftheGames.____16____Aretheymadeentirelyofgold,silver,andbronze?AndwhatmakestheParis2024Olympicmedalsspecial?Originally,Olympicwinnersin776BCEwerehonoredwitholivewreaths(橄榄花环)ratherthanmedals.Theconceptofmedalsasweknowthemtodayfirstemergedatthe1896AthensGames.However,solidgoldmedalswerenolongerawardedafter1912.____17____Asaresult,theInternationalOlympicCommitteelaterupdatedtheregulationsregardingmedalcompositionanddesign.Moderngoldmedalsareprimarilycomposedof92.5%silverwithasix-gramgoldplatingforappearance.____18____Theycontainatleast92.5%puresilver,andbronzemedalsconsistof95%copperand5%zinc(锌).Thismixtureensuresthemedals’longevityandmakesthemcheaper.AnOlympicgoldmedalmaybeworthover£500,butitsvaluetoathletesgoesbeyonditsfinancialworth.____19____Forinstance,the2012LondonOlympicsmedalsfeaturedtheRiverThamesandLondonskyline.Rio2016focusedonsustainabilitybyusingleftovermirrorsandX-rayplates.Tokyo2020medals,madefromrecycledelectronics,emphasizedtechnologicalinnovation.FortheParis2024Olympics,themedalsareparticularlydistinctive.Eachfeaturesahexagon(六边形)withtheParis2024logoononesideandNike,theGreekgoddessofvictory,infrontoftheEiffelTowerontheother.____20____AsThierryReboul,creativedirectorofParis2024,stated,“ThesemedalsofferathletesaphysicalpieceofParistotakehome.”A.Puregoldissoftandeasilydamaged.B.Whenwerethesemedalsfirstintroduced?C.Whoisresponsiblefordesigningthemedals?D.Silvermedals,bycontrast,liveuptotheirnames.E.Withthesesymbols,theyhonorthehistoryoftheOlympics.F.Uniquetothisyear,themedalsusemetalfromtheEiffelTower.G.Thedesignofmedalsreflectsthehostcity’sdistinctstyleandvalues.【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.G20.F【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了奥运会奖牌的历史、材质以及2024届伦敦奥运会奖牌的特点。【16题详析】根据空后“Aretheymadeentirelyofgold,silver,andbronze?AndwhatmakestheParis2024Olympicmedalsspecial?(它们是用金、银和青铜制成的吗？是什么让2024年巴黎奥运会的奖牌与众不同？)”可知，后文提出了与奥运奖牌相关的问题，故此空应与后文排比，同样设问，且根据文章第二段内容“Theconceptofmedalsasweknowthemtodayfirstemergedatthe1896AthensGames.(奖牌的概念首先出现在1896年雅典奥运会。)”可知，文章第二段在解释此空提出的问题，故B项“这些奖牌于什么时候首次引入的呢？”符合，故选B项。【17题详析】根据空前“However,solidgoldmedalswerenolongerawardedafter1912.(然而，自1912年后，不再颁发纯金牌。)”和空后“Asaresult,theInternationalOlympicCommitteelaterupdatedtheregulationsregardingmedalcompositionanddesign.(结果，后来国际奥委会更新了关于金牌成分和设计的规则。)”可知，空前提到不再颁发纯金牌，空后又提出了关于金牌成分和设计规则的改变，故A项“纯金很软，容易损坏。”符合，承接前文不再颁发纯金牌的原因，又引出空后修改金牌的成分和设计的规则，故选A项。【18题详析】根据空前“Moderngoldmedalsareprimarilycomposedof92.5%silverwithasix-gramgoldplatingforappearance.(现代金牌主要由92.5%的银和六克镀金组成。)”可知，空前解释了金牌的成分，且根据空后“Theycontainatleast92.5%puresilver(它们含有至少92.5%的纯银。)”可知，空后提出了银的成分，故D项“相比之下，银牌是名副其实的。”符合，与前文构成对比，金牌由92.5%的银和六克镀金组成，相比之下，银牌是名副其实的，它们含有至少92.5%的纯银，且空后的They指代D项中的Silvermedals，故选D项。【19题详析】根据空后“Forinstance,the2012LondonOlympicsmedalsfeaturedtheRiverThamesandLondonskyline.Rio2016focusedonsustainabilitybyusingleftovermirrorsandX-rayplates.Tokyo2020medals,madefromrecycledelectronics,emphasizedtechnologicalinnovation.(例如，2012年伦敦奥运会奖牌以泰晤士河和伦敦天际线为特色。2016年里约热内卢奥运会通过使用剩余的镜子和X光片来关注可持续发展。2020年东京奥运会奖牌由回收电子产品制成，强调技术创新。)”可知，空后举例说明了每届奥运会奖牌的不同的设计，故G项“奖牌的设计反映了主办城市的风格和价值观”符合，位于本段句首，主题句，引出后文，故选G项。【20题详析】根据空前“Eachfeaturesahexagon(六边形)withtheParis2024logoononesideandNike,theGreekgoddessofvictory,infrontoftheEiffelTowerontheother.(每枚奖牌都是六边形的，一边印有巴黎2024的标志，另一边印有希腊胜利女神耐克站在埃菲尔铁塔前的形象。)”可知，空前提到了伦敦奥运会的奖牌，故此空F项“今年的独特之处在于，奖牌使用的金属来自埃菲尔铁塔”符合，进一步介绍巴黎2024年奥运会奖牌的特点，故选F项。三、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Tomandhisbestfriend,Jack,werebothnatureenthusiasts.Theylovedexploringthegreatoutdoorsandhadplannedatwo-day___21___inthemountains.Theyhad___22___alltheessentials,includingamap,compass(指南针),firstaidkit,andenoughfood.Thefirstday’sdaytimewas___23___.Theyhikedthroughtheforest,admiringthebeautyofthetoweringtreesandthevibrantwildlife.However,asduskfell,theyfoundthemselveslost.Despiteusingtheircompass,thethickforestand___24___affectedtheirnavigation(导航).Hearing___25___water,theydiscoveredariveranddecidedtofollowit,hopingforacampsite.Theriverwaswiderandfasterthanexpected.Theyattemptedto___26___viaafallentree,butitbrokeunderTom’s___27___,andhefellintotheriver,___28___bythecurrent.Jackracedalongthe___29___,eventuallyreachingTomastherivercalmed.Usingabranch,hepulledTomtosafety.Wetand____30____,theymadecamp,startingafiretodryoffandwarmup.Theyspentthenight____31____theirsurvivalandtheneedtorespectnature.Thenextday,asearchandrescueteamfoundthem,havingbeenreported____32____bytheirfamilies.Theexperiencehadbeen____33____,butithadalsotaughtthemavaluable____34____abouttheimportanceofbeingpreparedand____35____thepowerofnature.21.A.hike B.run C.play D.rest22.A.stored B.forgotten C.ordered D.packed23.A.uneventful B.worthless C.boring D.disappointing24.A.danger B.wild C.equipment D.darkness25.A.freezing B.deep C.rushing D.clear26.A.swim B.cross C.fight D.jump27.A.height B.weight C.size D.appearance28.A.sweptaway B.burnedout C.pickedup D.takenover29.A.forest B.bank C.path D.hill30.A.excited B.energetic C.tired D.emotional31.A.reflectingon B.concentratingon C.stickingto D.respondingto32.A.dangerous B.proud C.missing D.concerned33.A.meaningful B.frightening C.individual D.beneficial34.A.struggle B.journey C.lesson D.emergency35.A.enjoying B.admiring C.ignoring D.respecting【答案】21.A22.D23.A24.D25.C26.B27.B28.A29.B30.C31.A32.C33.B34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Tom和Jack一次户外徒步旅行中的冒险经历，包括准备、迷路、遇险、自救以及事后的反思和教训。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们热爱探索户外，并计划了一次为期两天的山地徒步旅行。A.hike徒步旅行；B.run跑；C.play玩；D.rest休息。根据上文“Theylovedexploringthegreatoutdoors”以及下文“Theyhikedthroughtheforest,admiringthebeautyofthetoweringtreesandthevibrantwildlife.”可知，俩人计划了一次山地徒步旅行。故选A。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们打包了所有必需品，包括地图、指南针、急救包和足够的食物。A.stored存储；B.forgotten忘记；C.ordered订购、命令；D.packed打包。根据上文可知，俩人计划了一次山地徒步旅行；再根据空后“alltheessentials,includingamap,compass(指南针),firstaidkit,andenoughfood”可推测，俩人计划了徒步旅行后，打包了徒步旅行的必需品。故选D。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一天的白天平淡无奇。A.uneventful平淡无奇的；平静无事的；B.worthless无价值的；C.boring无聊的；D.disappointing令人失望的。根据下文“Theyhikedthroughtheforest,admiringthebeautyofthetoweringtreesandthevibrantwildlife.”以及“However,asduskfell,theyfoundthemselveslost.”中的“however”可推测，第一天的白天一切顺利，没什么事情发生。故选A。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管使用了指南针，但茂密的森林和黑暗影响了他们的导航。A.danger危险；B.wild野外；C.equipment设备；D.darkness黑暗。根据上文“However,asduskfell,theyfoundthemselveslost.”可知，天黑后他们发现自己迷路了。再根据上文“thethickforest”可推测，森林和黑暗影响了导航。故选D。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听到湍急的流水声，他们发现了一条河，并决定沿着它走，希望能找到一个露营地。A.freezing冰冷的；B.deep深的；C.rushing极速流动的、湍急的；D.clear清澈的、清楚的。根据下文“theydiscoveredariveranddecidedtofollowit,hopingforacampsite.”以及“Theriverwaswiderandfasterthanexpected.”可推测，水流湍急。故选C。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们试图通过一根倒下的树过河，但树在Tom的重量下折断了，他掉进了河里，被水流冲走了。A.swim游泳；B.cross穿过；C.fight战斗；D.jump跳。根据空后的“viaafallentree”以及“hefellintotheriver”可推测，俩人是想通过一根倒下的树来过河。故选B。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们试图通过一根倒下的树过河，但树在Tom的重量下折断了，他掉进了河里，被水流冲走了。A.height高度；B.weight重量；C.size尺寸；D.appearance外貌。根据下文“hefellintotheriver”以及常理可知，在Tom通过倒下的树过河的时候，由于自身的体重，树折断了，而Tom也掉入了河里。故选B。【28题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们试图通过一根倒下的树过河，但树在Tom的重量下折断了，他掉进了河里，被水流冲走了。A.sweptaway冲走；B.burnedout烧尽；C.pickedup捡起；D.takenover接管。根据空后的“bythecurrent”以及下文“Jackracedalongthe______,eventuallyreachingTomastherivercalmed.”可推测，Tom落入水中后被水流冲走了。故选A。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jack沿着河岸奔跑，最终在河水平静下来时追上了Tom。A.forest森林；B.bank河岸；C.path小路；D.hill小山。根据上文可知，Tom过河的时候落入了水中。由此可知，Jack是沿着河岸奔跑，试图追上Tom从而救Tom。故选B。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们又湿又累，搭起了帐篷，生起火来烘干身体和取暖。A.excited兴奋的；B.energetic精力充沛的；C.tired疲倦的；D.emotional情感的。根据上文内容可知，在徒步旅行的第一天晚上，俩人迷了路。而Tom不慎落水，Jack一路追随，最终救下了Tom。由此可推测，此时的俩人浑身湿透了，并且非常疲倦。故选C。【31题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们整晚都在反思自己的生存经历以及尊重自然的重要性。A.reflectingon反思；B.concentratingon专注于；C.stickingto坚持；D.respondingto回应。根据空后“theirsurvivalandtheneedtorespectnature.”可推测，俩人一晚上都在反思这件事情，并意识到尊重自然的重要性。故选A。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天，一个搜救队找到了他们，他们的家人已经报告了他们失踪。A.dangerous危险的；B.proud自豪的；C.missing丢失的；D.concerned担忧的。根据上文“Thenextday,asearchandrescueteamfoundthem”中的“asearchandrescueteam”可推测，俩人的家人已经向搜救队报告了他们的失踪，并向搜救队求助。故选C。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次经历虽然令人害怕，但也给他们上了一堂宝贵的课，让他们认识到了做好准备和尊重自然力量的重要性。A.meaningful有意义的；B.frightening令人害怕的；C.individual个人的；D.beneficial有益的。根据上文内容可知，俩人在森林中迷了路；而且Tom还落入水中。由此可知，这次经历是令人害怕的。故选B。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次经历虽然令人害怕，但也给他们上了一堂宝贵的课，让他们认识到了做好准备和尊重自然力量的重要性。A.struggle挣扎；B.journey旅程；C.lesson教训、课程；D.emergency紧急情况。根据空后的“abouttheimportanceofbeingpreparedand______thepowerofnature.”可推测，这件事给他们上了一课，得到了教训。故选C。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次经历虽然令人害怕，但也给他们上了一堂宝贵的课，让他们认识到了做好准备和尊重自然力量的重要性。A.enjoying享受；B.admiring钦佩；C.ignoring忽视；D.respecting尊重。根据上文“Theyspentthenight______theirsurvivalandtheneedtorespectnature.”可推测，俩人认为人类需要尊重自然的力量。故选D。第二部分(共40分)四、语法填空(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。PatrickSommier,aFrenchtheaterdirector,isdevotedtopassingonthetruemeaningofChineseoperastotheFrenchpublic.Ontheoccasionofthe40thanniversaryofthe____36____(establish)ofinternationaltiesbetweenChinaandFrancein2004,SommierwasinvitedtoworkonajointprojecttospreadPekingOperainFrance.“EversincemyarrivalinChina,I’vebeendeeplyfascinatedbyChineseoperas,justlikemanyotherEuropeans,”saysSommier.“ThebeautyofPekingOpera____37____(seize)myheartovertheseyears,”hecontinues,____38____(reflect)ontheimpactithashadonhimduringhisentirestay.RecallinghisfirstcooperationwiththeChineseteam,Sommiersayshe_____39_____(impress)bytheactors’make-ups,costumes,____40____thecharactersofincrediblestrengththen.HewasalsotouchedbytheChineseprofessors’effort____41____(pass)theiractingskilltotheirstudentsbyparticipatinginactswiththem.Oneprofessorexplained,“InChina,operaisanart____42____requireslifelongdevotion.Theeffectoftheperformance____43____(large)dependsontheactors’innerstrength.”SommierbeganexploringintodifferentperformanceformsandsuggestedintroducingChineseoperas____44____theFrenchaudience.Theteamthengavesomeoriginalperformances,somewithoutmake-upsorcostumesandsomewithstudentsperformingclassicsina_____45_____(tradition)way.【答案】36.establishment37.hasseized38.reflecting39.wasimpress