广东省广州市2026年普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省广州市2026年普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）英语第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheMaya(玛雅人)weregoodatmath.Theycountedingroupsof20,not10.Theywrotenumbersincolumnsgoingup.Thebottomrowwasthe“1s”column,thenextrowupwas20s,then400s,andsoon.Fordigits,theyusedadotfor1,alinefor5,andashellshapetoshowzero.Numbers1to19werewrittenwithacombinationoflinesanddots.Thenumber1209(three400s+no20s+nine1s)wouldlooklikethis:AMayavillagemightkeeparecordofthepumpkinstheyharvestedlikethis:TheMayaalsokeptthreedifferentcalendars.Thefirstdividedtheyearinto18monthsof20dayseach,plusashortmonthof5days.Theshortmonthwasbelievedtobeunlucky,atimewhenspiritswalked.Thesecondcalendarrepeatedevery260days.Thiswasusedtoplancelebrationsandpredictfuture.Thiscalendarcounted13monthsof20dayseach.Eachdatehaditsownsetof3symbols(day,month,andyear).Whentalkingabouteventslongago,theyusedacalendarcalledthe“longcount.”Thiscoveredabout5,125years.Year1onthiscalendarwas3114BCEonourcalendar.Eachcityandvillagehadacalendarkeeper,whowasinchargeofsayingwhentocelebrateholidaysandwhentoexpectrainorplantcrops.Butfarmerscouldprobablyalsotellthetimeoftheyearfromthesunandstars.1.HowmanypumpkinsdidtheMayavillageharvestaccordingtoFigure3?A.114. B.409. C.414. D.439.2.Whatcouldthe“longcount”calendarbeusedfor?A.Markingtheunluckydays. B.Recordingancientevents.C.Dividingtheyearinto18months. D.Predictingandmakingfutureplans.3.Whichlearningprojectwouldthistextbemostsuitablefor?A.DesignatravelplantotheMayaruinsB.WriteareportontheMayaagricultureC.GiveapresentationonMayaartisticsymbolsD.MakeaposterofMayascientificachievementsBWhenMiaWoodsretiredat61,sheknewsheneededaplan.“Iwasworriedaboutlosingmyidentityasaprofessional.WhatelsecanIbe?”shethought.Theyearbefore,shehadbeentoldshehadamildmemoryproblem.“IwastryingtoshowmyselfthatIcouldstillthinkandbecreative,”shesays.Soshedecidedtodo—ratherthanbe—somethingnew:bakeapieeverydayforayearandgiveeachpieaway.“Itmademereachouteverydaytosomebody,soIwouldn’tbealone.Anditgavemearoutine,”shesays.Shebakedherfirstpieandgaveittoher88-year-oldaunt,Carol.Asateenager,Miahadmovedinwithheraunt’sfamilywhenhermotherbecameill.“Theygavemestability...Itwastheperfectfirstpie,”shesays.Shewentongivingpiestoformercolleagues,groceryclerks,evenahomelessman.Aswordspread,shegotknownas“thepielady”.Formorethan30years,Miahadworkedasacityplanner.“I’maplannerbynature,trainingandprofession.WhatIreallylikedaboutitwasthatplanningtakestime,chaos,manydifferentcomponents,putsthemalltogetherandmakesthemintosomethingmanageable.”Sheseesthesameinbakingpies:“Youtakeabunchofingredientsandcreatesomethingoutofthem.”Twelveyearson,Miahascontinuedtoinventnewprojects,includingwritingaletteraday,andpaintingpicturesofherlocalsky.Sheiswritingabookaboutthepieexperience.Butshehaslearnedmorethanbaking.“WhatreallycameoutofitwastheunderstandingthatIwassomeonewhocoulddonewthings,”shereflects.“Andmyprofessionalidentitywasn’tcriticaltowhoIam.”“Evennow,afterIhaveanencounterwithsomebody,Ithink:‘There’sapersonIwishIcouldgiveapieto.’”saysMia.4.WhatwasMia’sworrywhensheretired?A.Herseriousmentalproblem. B.Herbeingcutofffromothers.C.Havingnoidentitybeyondcareer. D.Havingtochangeherdailyroutine.5.WhydidMiagiveherfirstpietoheraunt?A.ShehadgivenMiaahome.B.ShehadcaredforMia’smum.C.Shewastheoldestinthefamily.D.ShehadbuiltMia’sstablecharacter.6.WhatdocityplanningandbakingpieshaveincommonaccordingtoMia?A.Bothrequireprofessionaltraining. B.Bothmakesenseofmixedelements.C.Bothcreatesomethingoutofnothing. D.Bothconnectpeoplewithoneanother.7.WhatisMia’sreflectiononherexperience?A.Everyoneintheworlddeservesapie.B.Newchallengesredefinewhoweare.C.Openinguptochangestakescourage.D.Simpleactscanbringpeopletogether.CPeoplemightnotrealizethatonebasiclifenecessityhasslippedfromtheircontrol:meals.Withtheriseofonlineplatforms,peopleenjoythefreedomtogetanythingquicklyandatareasonableprice.However,foodwriterChenYuhuiarguesinherbookWhoDecidesWhattoEatthatthisconveniencehasrobbedpeopleoftheirautonomyoverfood,reflectingagreaterlossofcommunitylifeinaresult-drivensocietythatprioritizesefficiency.“Manypeopledon’trealizehowoftentheirdiningchoicesaremadeforthem,”Chensays.Forinstance,aboss’srequestforovertimechangestheirdinnerplans;orarestaurantdiscountofferinfluenceswheretheyeat.These,sheexplains,arepassivechoices.Chencitesanothercommoncomplaint:tomatoesthattasteplaincomparedtochildhoodmemories.Thisrevealsadeeperloss—commerciallydominant,hard-skinnedvarietiesare“morefittingforlong-distancetransportation,”sacrificingflavorandthecommunitylifeoncebuiltaroundfreshmarkets.Chenalsoworriesaboutthedeclineofpeople’sabilitytochoosefoodwisely.Youngpeoplebuyingredientsonlinewithoutmarketexperienceandmaythinkplainfoodisjusthowit’ssupposedtobe.Chenfurthernotesthatonlinefoodimagesare“zombie-like”—theyshowlifelessfood,unlikethefreshproduceinmarkets,andthislimitspeople’simaginationaboutfood.However,whenshesharestipsonselectingfreshproduceinmarkets,sheoftengetsrequestsforshoppinglinksinstead.Chenconnectstheseattitudestoabroadermindset:“Buyinggroceriesandcookinginvolveacertainlevelofacceptanceofmistakes.Yetmanytodayseemtohavelittlepatiencewiththem.”Thefocusonresultsmakesdeliveryappealing,aspeoplebelieveitguaranteesabetteroutcome.Beyondthelossofautonomy,Chenseessomethingdeeperinfood—it’samicrocosmforunderstandingtheworld.“Ifyoulovetomatoesbutfindthemplain,doyoucomplainorinvestefforttofindflavorfulones?Searchingfortherightvarietyshowsdifferentproblem-solvingabilities,whichiswhatImeanbyfoodbeingthesmallestunitforunderstandingtheworld,”sheconcludes.8.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlyintroduce?A.Advancesinfoodtechnology. B.Thehiddencostoffoodconvenience.C.Changinghabitsofdiningout. D.Thepopularityofonlinefoodshopping.9.WhatdoesChenmeanbydescribingonlinefoodimagesas“zombie-like”?A.Theylooktooperfecttobereal.B.Theydiscourageinterestincooking.C.Theypushpeopletoordertakeout.D.Theyfailtoshowrealandlivelyfood.10.Whatdoespeople’spreferencefordeliveryreveal?A.Theirdesiretoavoiduncertainty.B.Theirover-relianceontechnology.C.Theirviewofcookingasaburden.D.Theirseparationfromfoodsources.11.Whatmessagedoesthetextwanttoconvey?A.Returningtomarketscanrestorefoodautonomy.B.Thelossoffoodflavorisunavoidablenowadays.C.Onlineplatformshavechangedpeople’slifestyle.D.Ourrelationshipwithfoodmirrorsourworldview.DChinesescientistshavedevelopedanewrefrigerationmethodthatsolvesalong-standingchallengeincoolingtechnology.PublishedinNature,thestudyrespondstorisingenergydemandsinapplicationsrangingfromfoodpreservationtodatacentercooling.Traditionalvapor-compressionsystemsconsumevastamountsofelectricityandrelyonharmfulrefrigerants.InChina,refrigerationaccountsfornearly20%ofthenation’selectricityuseand7.8%ofitscarbonemissions(碳排放).Whilesolid-statecoolingavoidsharmfulgases,itsuffersfrompoorheattransfer,limitingitsreal-worldapplication.LedbyProfessorLiBingfromtheChineseAcademyofSciences,theresearchteamovercamethisbycombiningsolidcoolingeffectswithliquidflow.Theyusedacommon,non-toxicsaltwhosedissolution(溶解)inwaterabsorbslargeamountsofheat.Conversely,applyingpressurecausesthesalttocomeoutandreleaseheat.Cyclingthispressureachievescontinuouscooling.“Unliketraditionalsolidmethods,whereheatmovesslowly,oursystemintegratestherefrigerantandheat-transfermediumintoasingleliquid,”Lisaid.“Thissolvesthe‘impossibletriangle’—achievinglowpollution,strongcooling,andfastheattransferallatonce.”Labtestsshowedatemperaturedropofnearly30°Cinjust20secondsatroomtemperature,andupto54°Cathighertemperatures—significantlyoutperformingexistingsolidcoolers.Aprototypecycleachievedacoolingcapacityof67joulespergramwithnearly77%efficiency.Thesystemalsoprovedstable,reversible,andinstantlyresponsivetopressurechanges.“Thistechnologymovesbeyondtraditionalrefrigerationprinciples,”Liadded.“Byturningthecoolantintoafluid,itopensthedoortohigh-performance,zero-emissioncoolingforhomesandindustry.”Henotedthemethod’sstronghigh-temperatureperformancemakesitanidealcandidateforheatmanagementinnext-generationAIcomputingfacilities.Whileengineeringchallengesremain,especiallyinachievingrapidlyswitchablepressurecycles,theprinciplecouldbeadaptedtoothermaterialsfordiversecoolingneeds.12.Whatisthemainproblemwithtraditionalsolid-statecoolingsystems?A.Theytransferheatpoorly. B.Theyproduceharmfulgases.C.Theyfailathightemperature. D.Theyusetoomuchelectricity.13.Whatisthekeyinnovationofthenewcoolingmethod?A.Usingsaltinsteadofchemicalrefrigerants.B.Increasingpressureinsidetraditionalsystems.C.Replacingpressurecycleswithcontinuousflow.D.Combiningsolidcoolingwithliquidheattransfer.14.Whydoestheauthormentionthe“impossibletriangle”inthetext?A.Tohighlightthevalueofthenewsystem.B.Toillustratethedesignofthenewsystem.C.Toexplainwhyoldsystemsarestillinuse.D.Toshowthelimitationsofprevioussystems.15.WhatdoesLiBingseeasapromisingapplicationofthenewtechnology?A.Preservingfoodinsupplychains. B.Replacingtraditionalhomerefrigerators.C.CoolingfutureAIdatacenters. D.Achievingrapidlyswitchablepressurecycles.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Confidenceisinfectious.Someonewhospeakswithtotalcertaintyismorelikelytoinspirethansomeonewhoishesitant.____16____Itfoundthatmoreconfidentletterswereassociatedwithmoresuccessfulcommercialco-operations.Confidence—evenoverconfidence—canalsoleadtohigherstatus.Ina2012study,MBAstudentswereaskedtotakeanonlinesurvey.Thequestionnaireaskedthemiftheyknewcertainnames,eventsandworksofart.____17____Attheendoftheterm,classmatesratedtheoverlyconfidentstudents—thosewhohadpickedthemostfictionalentries—asthemostinfluential.____18____Onestudyfoundthatoverconfidentbossesweremorelikelytobuyothercompanies.Thesepurchaseswerealsomorelikelytofail.AnotherpaperlookedatthelinkbetweenCEOs’confidenceandtheirearningforecasts.Researchersfoundthatbosseswithtoomuchself-beliefwereslowertoadjusttheirforecastswhentheywerewrong.____19____Thisleadstotwobroadsuggestionsformanagerstoreflecton.First,overconfidentpeopleneedclearrules.Anewspaperfoundthatpuffed-upbossesathigh-techfirmshadabetterrecordofmakingbreakthroughinnovationsiftheywerewatchedbypowerfulandexpertboards.Second,self-doubtersneedencouragementtofulfiltheirpotential.____20____Studiesshowedthatwhenpeoplewereremindedoftheirownpower,theyperformedbetterininterviewsandpresentations.Confidencecanbenatural.Itcanalsobestimulated.A.Theydidn’tknowthatsomeofthechoicesweremadeup.B.Astudyanalysedthelanguageusedinlettersfrominvestors.C.Simplyput,overconfidentbossesstayedwrongforalongertime.D.Overconfidentpeopletendtobepromotedtoleadershippositions.E.Asmuchasconfidencebringsrewards,however,italsobringsdanger.F.Therefore,expertssuggestcreatingamorerelaxingworkenvironment.G.Thissupportcancomefrommanagers,advisors,orevenfromthemselves.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Despitemysuccessfulcareer,performanceanxietyhasbeenmyconstantcompanion.Itfirststruckduringanexamatuniversity.Forthirtyminutes,mymindwentcompletelyblank,unableto____21____asinglewordfromthepaper.AlthoughI____22____recoveredandachievedadecentresult,theregretremained:whatifIhadn’t____23____?Yearslater,asaprofessional,Ifrequentlygave____24____.Usually,afewdeepbreathswouldcalmmynerves.However,oneday,whileheadingtoaddressstudentsonhowtoimprovelearningefficiency,I____25____thesubwayexit.Themistake____26____meprecioustime,andIrushedintothehalljustfiveminutesbeforethestart.Seeingtheaudiencealready____27____,Ifeltawaveofterrorwashingoverme.Thistime,thebreathingtechnique____28____.WhenIfinallybegantospeak,myvoiceshookuncontrollably.Inthat____29____moment,Imadeasuddendecision.Iadmittedmyfeartothestudents.Immediately,theireyesfilledwith____30____insteadofjudgment.Forthenexttenminutes,Isharedmystory,explainingthateveryonehasweaknessesthatmayneverbefully____31____.Itoldthemthatnooneisperfect,but____32____ourselvescanmakeusbetter.Thetwo-hoursessionendedwithunexpectedwarmth.Later,afriendmentionedhow____33____thestudentsweretotrythemethodsIshared.Iexplainedthatthesuccesslayinmy____34____interaction.Sometimes,whattrulytouchesheartsisnotaperfectspeech,butthe____35____toshareourrealselves.21.A.takein B.bringup C.lookfor D.sendout22.A.actually B.eventually C.quickly D.suddenly23.A.passed B.recovered C.panicked D.finished24.A.advice B.feedback C.lectures D.performances25.A.forgot B.found C.changed D.misjudged26.A.cost B.won C.bought D.spared27.A.bored B.seated C.chatting D.leaving28.A.helped B.mattered C.responded D.failed29.A.surprising B.desperate C.magical D.unforgettable30.A.anger B.doubt C.curiosity D.sympathy31.A.overcome B.forgiven C.understood D.neglected32.A.behaving B.describing C.accepting D.loving33.A.eager B.hesitant C.proud D.confused34.A.meaningful B.inspiring C.casual D.honest35.A.motivation B.courage C.technique D.determination第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Everyspring,the356-year-oldkapoktree(木棉树)inSunYat-senMemorialHallflowers,capturingtheheartsoflocals.Knownas____36____“KapokKing,”itisamiracleofnature,asthesetreesrarelysurvive____37____acenturyinthewild.Itslonglifeisduetotheconstantcareandattentionfromanexpertteam.LedbyWangYongyue,theteamemploysadvancedtechnologies____38____(monitor)thetree’shealth.TheyuseCTscanstomaprootsuptosevenoreightmetersdeep.“Wealsostrikenailsinthewoodtocreatesoundwaves,”Wangexplains.“Ifthewood____39____(be)hollowordecayed(腐烂的)inside,thespeedofthesoundchanges.Thishelpsusstrengthenthetree____40____it’stoolate.”Since2009,Wanghasoverseenquarterlycheck-ups,withacriticalfocusonmanagingharmfulinsects.Ratherthanrelyingonstrong____41____(chemical),theteampracticesbiologicalcontrol.BiKeke,alabexpert,describesreleasing____42____(nature)enemiestohuntthem.“Itisastoryofone____43____(beat)anotherinnature,”henotes,highlightinghowthisapproachmaintains____44____(ecology)balance.TothecitizensofGuangzhou,thistreeismorethanaplant;itisabelovedfamilymember_____45_____well-beingconnectsthecity’spastandfuture.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华。你的外国笔友Mark在邮件中说，学校摄影比赛中有幅作品因使用AI技术生成而被取消参评资格。请你回复邮件谈谈你对这一事件的看法及理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMark,Thanksforsharingthedisqualifiedphotocasewithme.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestwishes,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Lastsummer,wemovedintoabeautifulhousewheresunlightfloodedthekitcheneverymorning.Theonlydownsidewasthebackyard:behindtall,messybusheslayanoldpond,dryandsmelly.“Let’sbringitbacktolife!”Isuggested.Myparentssmiledandagreed.Itbecameourfamily’ssummerproject.Wecleanedoutthemudandlinedtheedgewithprettystones.Atthegardenshop,Ichosecattailsandwaterlilies.“Theyfloatlikelittleumbrellas,”Mumsaid.“Yes,”Irepliedproudly,“andtheykeepthewatercoolandclean.”Thencamethebestpart:twotinygoldfish—SpottyandSparkly.Ialsoaskedaboutapondheater.I’dreadthatifthepondfrozesolidinwinter,thefishwouldrunoutofoxygen.Theyneededasmallholeintheicetobreathe,whichaheatercouldkeepopen.Buttheyweresoldout.As