北京市丰台区2026-2027学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷

，30101.515A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上Asateenager,Itreatedschoolasacontest:bethebestordon'tbother.Ilikedhistoryandkeptupwiththeclass,yetafterafewweeksInearly becauseIfearedImightnotgetanA.Anythingshortoftopmarksfeltlikeafailure.Theteacherresponsibleformyacademicguidancesawhowextrememy hadbecome.KnowingIlovedartanddebate,hesuggestedIenteranart-themedpublic-speakingAttheregionalround,theotherspeakerssoundedmorepolished.Whentheresultswereannounced,Icamethird.Asateenagerwhoputalmostallmyself-worthonachievement,thiswouldusuallyhavebeenavery resultforButmyteacherdidn'tmentiontherankingatall.Instead,heaskedmeonesimplequestion:“Didyourwords.reachanyonetoday?”Memoriesofthefull-roomlaughterwhenItoldmyjokefloodedbackinstantly.Hadmywordsreachedanyonetoday?Yes—theyhad.ThoughIhadnotwon,Ifelt satisfied.Thatsmallmomentpushedmetofinallyquestionmyoldbeliefthatonlyfirstplace .Later,Iwasinvitedtospeakagainatamajormuseum.Inolongerspoketo .Ispoketoshare.notthemostpolishedspeaker,Icouldexpressmyideasinmyownwayandconnectwithlisteners.Ibegantotrustmyownvoice.ThisgrowingconfidenceledmetopursueopportunitiesI wouldhaveavoided.Yearslater,Ireturnedasajudge.Ihadstoppedchasing .Watchingyoungspeakers,Icouldnow theeffortbehindeachperformanceratherthanonlyseetheranking.Theyremindedmeofmyownjourney,fromwhichIhadlearnttopreferbeing tomyselfoverbeingperfect.Whatmatters,afterall,isexpressingmyself1.A.gaveB.fellCshowedDcarried2.A.B.C.D.3A.B.C:D.4.A.B.C.D.5.A.BC.D.6.A.B.C.D.7.A.B.C.D.8.A.B.C.D.9.A.B.C.D.10.A.B.C.D.101.5151个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的WhenIfirst (start)runninginhighschool,Iloveditsmathematicalprecision.Iusedtofocusoneverynumberandtrackmypaceclosely.Inlastweek'srace,at30miles,Isuddenlyfeltdizzy,butIdidn'tquit—Iturnedoffthescreen ImonitoredmypaceandIliftedmyhead, (admire)theviewsalongthepath.Witheveryheavystepbehindme,Iletgoof hadalwayspressuredmeandjustranfreelytofeelthesimplejoyofmoving (investigate)whether“microacts”canaffecthappinessinlife,researcherslaunchedanresourcecalledtheBigJoyProject.Peoplewhosigned (ask)todoaneverydaymicroact.Eachact, (define)asabriefandsimpleactivitylikedoingsomethingkind,tookverylittletime.Aftercollectingandanalyzingdata,theresultshowedthatthemoremicroactsparticipantscompleted,thegreatertheirimprovementinhappiness.3in4peoplenowliveinwater-shortcountries,largelycausedbyseriouswaterconsumptionand (pollute).Thiscrisisisalreadyvisibleinmanyregions.Iranhaditsdriestautumnin50years,andtheflowoftheColoradoRiver (decrease)by20percentoverthepast20years.Nowmoreandmorecountriesaretakingactiontoensurethattheworldwillnotbe aneraof“waterbankruptcy”.，3814228A、B、C、DForallyourstudentsupportandadviceneeds,theStudentCentreisyourdedicatedprimarypointofcontactthroughoutyourstudies.Asyourfirstportofcallforguidanceandpracticalhelp,theStudentCentrehandleseverythingfromquickdailyqueries(疑问)toin-depthsupport—includingmoneymanagementadvice,privatehousingissues,anddisabilityormentalhealth-relatedassistance.TwospecialistteamsarebasedattheStudentCentretodelivertheseservices:StudentSupportTeamandOpenDoor.StudentSupportTheStudentSupportTeamcandirectyoutosupportaroundmoneymanagement,studentfinancequestions,informationonprivatehousingandacademicprogressissues.HowtocontactourStudentSupportTeam?Open10am-4pm,Monday-FridayInperson:TheStudentCentreisinSallyBaldwinBlockDonCampusPhoneus:+44Emailus:student-centre@york.ac.uk(theteamwillrespondwithinfiveworkingForout-of-hoursInanemergency,callIfit'surgentbutnotdangerous,contactCampusSafetyon019323Forgeneralsecurityandsafetyquestions,contactCampusSafetyon019043OpenOpenDoorisateamofMentalHealthPractitionersandStudentWellbeingOfficersprovidingfreesupporttoregisteredstudentsexperiencingpsychologicalormentalhealthdifficulties.HowtoaccessOpenDoorTomakeanappointmentwithOpenDoor,completetheOpenDoorformonline,andwewilltrytocontactyouwithintwoworkingdays.WhatcanweknowabouttheStudentItrepliesemailswithintwoworkingItislocatedonthecastsideoftheItoffershelpcoveringawiderangeofItchargesstudentsfeesforitsAstudentwhohasanurgentbutnon-dangerousissueat8pmshould .call999foremergencyemailstudent-centre@reachCampusSafetyon019323submitanonlinerequesttoOpenThetextismainlywrittento .promotecampusmentalhealthguidestudentsonhandlingemergencycomparedifferentwelfaremanagementinformstudentsofsupportservicesandaccessWhenoursonEddiewas12,myhusbandandImadeastrictrulenovideogamesforhimuntilheturned18.Westuckfirmlytotheban,determinedtoshieldEddiefromaggression,addictionandevenclinicallyrecognized“gamingdisorder”.Buttheworstproblemforourchild,isoneIdidn'tanticipate:alienation(疏远).Eddiestruggledtomakefriendsatschool.Infourthgrade,hefinallyformedsomebonds,mostlysports.Yetallhispeersplayedvideogamesintheirfreetimewhilehecouldnot,leavinghimfeelinglikeanoutsider.Later,Ifoundheplayedatfriends’homes.Iwasinitiallyannoyed,untilhecamehomehappytofitin.“NowIcanplaywitheveryone,”hesaid.Growingunsureofourrule,Iturnedtoafellowparentforadvice.“Don'tdotohimwhatmyparentsdidtome,”shesaid.RigidTVbansinherchildhoodhadmadeherfeellikea“weirdo”(异类).Herwordsfurtherdeepenedmyself-doubt:HadIignoredgaming'ssocialvalue?Couldmywell-intentionedbanbetooharshforEddie'sgrowth?Theseworriesstayedwithmeuntiloneafternoonatalocalgrocerystore.ThereInoticedhowcarefullytheyoungcashierpackedmygroceries,makingsureheplacedtherightiteminthedirectionthatwouldachievemaximumefficiency.“DoyouplayTetris(俄罗斯方块I“Ido,”hesaid,addingthatheplayedmanyothervideoSoIvoicedmybiggestfear:Arethegamessoexcitingthateverythingelseinlifeseemsboringincomparison?Thinkingforamoment,hesaidhereallywantedtobecomeasurgeonagoalfarmoreimportanttohimthananygame.Interestingly,headdedthatgamingmayhelp,ashisfingersarenowsoflexiblethatithasenhancedhissuturing(缝合)skills.AsIleftthestore,Iwonderedifmysonhadsomethinginhislifehelikedmorethanvideogames,thatmadereal-lifeexperiencemoreexcitingthananythingvirtual.Iknewimmediatelywhatitwas:thecompanyoffriends.He'snotaddictedtovideogames.He'saddictedtocompanionship.Butaren'tweall?TheauthorsetstrictlimitsonEddie’svideogamesto .pushhimtodevotemoreenergytohelphimgaineasieraccesstopeerprotecthimfromthepotentialharmofenablehimtokeepgoodacademicWhatcanbeinferredaboutEddiefromParagraphHevaluedpeerHepreferredgamestoHeplayedgamestokillHefollowedthepopularHowdidtheauthorfeelafterhearingafellowparent's BC. D.WhatcanwelearnfromtheRulescomebeforesocialParentinghelpschildrensetlifeSocialinteractionsshapeone'sCompanionshipmeetsabasichumanIrecentlycameacrossa1988draftofmyPhDthesisonwhichmyadvisorhadwritten:‘Youreproceedingataglacial冰川的pace.YoureskatingonthiniceBackthen,thenotefeltlikeaclearurgetospeedupmywork.IfIrepeatedmyadvisor'swordsonathesistoday,thestudentmightassumethatIwascriticizingthemforwritingtoofast.Afterall,glaciersthemselvesarenowrapidlyshrinkingacrossallsevencontinents.Climatechangehasalsochangedhowweperceiveglaciersthemselves.DuringtheLittleIceAge,glaciersmoreoftenadvancedthanretreated,sometimeswipingoutcommunitiesastheymoved.ThepoetPercyByssheShelleyportrayedthemaspowerful,almostimmortalforcesthathumanscouldhardlyresist.Today,bycontrast,wearemorelikelytoseeglaciersàsvictimsofhumanity'splanet-alteringpowers.Thesamenaturalobjectnowcarriesaverydifferentmeaning.Theseshiftsinperceptionarebringingoldmetaphorsbacktolife.Weroutinelyspeakofcarbonfootprints,greenhousegases,andwipingspeciesoffthefaceoftheEarth.Overtime,theimagesbehindtheseexpressionshavefaded,turningthemintodeadmetaphors.Butdeadmetaphorsdonotalwaysstaydead.Consider“calvingglaciers,”whichdescribeshowglaciersshed(脱落)iceinsummer.Theword“calving”oncesuggestedacowgivingbirth,butasthephrasebecameroutine,thatimagevanished.Nowthatclimatechangehasdisruptedthebalancebetweeniceaccumulationandshedding,themetaphorhasreturnedasalivingimage.Isthecalvingwesee-todayabirthritualorasignoficedying?Abruptclimatechangechallengesnotjustthecapacityoflivingthingstoadapt,butalsotheadaptivecapacityofhumanlanguage.The“glacial”inmy1988thesisisnotthe“glacial”oftoday,justasthecheerfulpolarbearofCoca-Colacommercialsisnotthethin,ribs-baredpolarbearwenowseefloatingonasmallplatformofice.Manyyearsago,IdelightedinFranzKafka'swordsthat“abookshouldbetheiceaxe斧)thatbreaksthefrozenseawithin.”ButnowIhearhiswordsquitedifferently.Iwanttosay:“HeyFranz,laydownyouraxe.Goeasyonthatfragilefrozensea.”WhatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoAShelleyviewedglaciersassymbolsofhumanB.GlaciershavetakenonadifferentmeaningoverC.LanguagechangesmorequicklythanthenaturalD.GlaciershavebecomeagrowingthreattohumanTheauthormentions“calvingglaciers”mainlyto .illustratehowoldimagesfadefromexplainhowwordslosetheiroriginalrevealhowlanguagereflectschangesinshowhowclimatechangerevivesadeadWhatisimpliedinthisNatureisbecomingmuchharderforpeopletoClimatechangecanmakedeadmetaphorslessNaturalchangesreshapeourlanguageandLanguagehelpspeopleadapttochangesinthenaturalYou'reinthecrowdatthecupfinalsupportingyourfootballteam,whenyoursidesuddenlyscores.Instantly,youjointhousandscheeringwithjoy.Butwhenyourteam'svictoryistakenawaybyacontroversialdecision,angerspreadsaspeopleshoutabuseatthejudge—andyoudotoo.Thecuriousthingis,youdon'tbehaveinthesewayswhenyou'rewatchingamatchathome.Whydoesthishappen?Inpopularculture,crowdsareoftenassociatedwithstrongemotionsanduncontrolledbehaviour.“mob(乌合之众mentality”explanationsayscrowdsreduceself-awarenessandthinking.Butmodernshowsemotionisinterconnectedwithbeliefsandreasoning.Appraisal(评估)theorysuggeststhatouremotionalexperienceisshapedbyourperceptionoftherelevanceofsocialsituationstoouridentity.Thatsaid,thereisevidencethatbeinginacrowddoeschangesomethingintermsofemotion.Butthatchangeinvolvesaddingsocialfactors,notremovingthoughtprocesses.Let'slookatpositiveemotionfirst—thejoy,elationorexcitementthatpeoplesometimesfeelstronglyincrowdsatmusicfestivals,sportsmatchesorotherevents.Socialpsychologyresearchsuggeststhatsharedsocialidentity—thatis,whenpeopleseeeachotheraspartofan‘us’or‘we’—isamajorbasisforthesepositiveemotionalexperiences,becauseithasanumberofeffectsonsocialrelationswithinthecrowd.Oneeffectisanexpectationofsupportforactivitiesthatareinlinewiththegroup'sidentity.Forexample,participantsreportfeelingsupportedbyothers(includingstrangers)atmassgatherings,suchasmusicfestivals.Importantly,researchshowsthatsuchsupportfeelsgood.Somethingelsethathappensinacrowdwhosemembersshareasocialidentityisthevalidationofemotions—andthishelpsexplainhowbeingpartofacrowdintensifiesnegativeemotionsaswellaspositiveones.Ininterviewstudiesofthecrowdexperiencesoffootballfans,mycolleaguessuggestedthatthevalidationofemotionalexperiencesbyothergroupmembersservestoamplifywhatoneisfeeling.Whilethisresearchinvolvedfeelingsofjoy,ourresearchshowsthatseeingangerinfellowgroupmembersinacrowdlikewiserecognizesangerasanappropriateresponse.Onecanimaginethesamepatternoperatingforhatred,fear,disgust,sadnessorgrief.Alone,onemayfeeltheseemotions,buttoalsoseethesesamefeelingsonthefacesofhundredsofotherswhoseviewsyoutrustprovesthatyourfeelingisthecorrectoneforthesituation—thatmanyotherpeopleagreewiththereasonsyouhaveforfeelingthatway—andsomakesyoufeelitevenmorestrongly.Howweunderstandemotionsincrowdsisnotjustanacademicmatter.Ourresearchindicatesthattheheightenedjoyorangerthatmanyofusexpressaspartofacrowdisjustasmeaningful—andjustasmuchanexpressionofwhoweare—aswhatwefeelprivately.Accordingtotheauthor,howdoesbeingincrowdschangeourAByweakeningself-awarenessandrationalB.ByaddingsocialfactorsthatstrengthenC.ByremovingpersonalidentityandmoralD.ByincreasingexcitementthroughcrowdedWhatdoestheword“validation”underlinedinParagraph4mostprobablyA. B. C. D.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellCrowdemotionsreflectsharedsocialNegativeemotionsincrowdsarelessAppraisaltheoryisthekeytounderstandingApositiveatmosphereisessentialtosharedWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitlefortheHowCrowdsMakeUsLoseWhyCrowdsRemoveOurHowtoControlOurEmotionsinWhyCrowdsMakeOurEmotions5210AsI'vebeenwritingmynextnonfictionbook,I'vealsobeentrainingformyfirstmarathon.Bothareeffortful,butinverydifferentways.Marathontrainingduts.yetIknowwhyithurtsandfeelIammakingprogress. Somepartswork;othersdon't.Doubtthencreepsin渐渐产生),andIquestionwhetherIamcapableofwritingWhydoesdifficultysometimesfeellikeTheanswerliesinthekindofworkyouaredoing.Psychologistsdistinguishbetweentwokindsoftasks:algorithmic(算法型)andheuristic(启发型).Algorithmictasksfollowaknownsequence:ifyoudoA,BandC,Dwillfollow. Theprocessispredictableandrepeatable,andyouknowwhereyouareatanypoint.FollowingatrainingplanforamarathonworksinmuchthesameHeuristictasksaren'tlikethat.Theyhavenoclearpath.Imaginecreatinganewkindofcake.Thereisnorecipetofollow,andeven“new”ishardtodefine.37Youmoveforwardinfitsandstarts.Someattemptswillwork,otherswillendupinthebin.Atanypoint,youdon'tnecessarilyknowwhetheryou'reclosetoasolutionormovingfurtherawayfromit.Youmightnotevenbesureasolutionexistsatall.Thisuncertaintyisinherenttoheuristicworkanditliesattheheartofcreativityandinnovation. Butheuristictasks,whichlackclearfeedbackaboutprogress,tendtocreatedisfluency:adiscouragingfeelingofcognitiveeffort.Becauseeffortisnotaccompaniedbyfeedback,peopleoftenmisreaddifficultyasevidencethattheyarenotgoodenoughoraregettingnowhere. Whenwetrytocreatesomethingnewwehavetoexperimenttogetthingswrongandgetthingsright.Onlybystickingwiththisslow,painfulprocessofiteration(迭代)canwereachourgoal.A:BothtypesoftaskscanbeYetsuchdoubtispartoftheTheonlywayforwardistrialandWritingabookismorelikefollowingaBakingacakefromarecipeisagoodFThisfeelingiscommonamongmanycreativeGWritingthebook,however,feelsunclear,likebeinglostin，32440、41242343512Haveyoueverthought“I'munlucky”or“Badthingsalwayshappentome”?Maybeyoursportsteamlostamatch,oraparentsaidnotoyourplanswithfriends.Everyonehasbaddaysandlifewon'talwaysgoyourway.Butifyoufindyourselfcomplainingalot,orblamingotherswhenthingsgowrong,youmaybeslippingintowhatexpertscalla“victimmindset”.Whydoesthismindsetseemsocommonamongteenagers?ClaireMcLaughlin,acounsellorfromTherapyBelfast,notesauniquepressureonyoungpeople.Youdon'tyethaveadultautonomy(自主权shesays.“Parentsandteachersoftenmakedecisionsforyou,anditcanfeel‘unfairwhenyoudisagreewiththosechoices.”Butthepatternrunsdeeperthanjustexternallimits.Puttingmoreemphasisonthebadthingsthathappen,ratherthanthegood,canmakeyoufeelasthoughyoudon'tneedtotakeresponsibilityformakingchanges.DrVenetia,apsychologistinLondon,explainsthatthismindsetcanalsobeawaytoseekattention.“Sometimespeopleexaggerate(放大theimpactoftheirexperiencesasawayoffeelingheard,”shesays.“Blamingotherscanbeeasierthanacknowledgingyourownuncomfortablefeelings.”Luckily,shiftingfromavictimtoavictormindsetissimplerthanyouthink.Oneoftheeasiestwaysistochallengeanynegativelanguageasitarises.Thenexttimeyoucatchyourselfsaying“It'snotfair”,stopandquestionthatthought.Whatmightyoudotoflipitaround?Howcanyoumakethebestofasituation?Notbeingpickedforadramaproductioncouldgiveyoumoretimetoenjoyanotherhobby.Failingatestmightdriveyoutostudyharder.Trylistingthepositives.Whatdopeoplewitha“victimmindset”usuallyAccordingtoClaireMcLaughlin,whycanteenagersfeelthingsarePleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainTofeelheard,peoplewitha“victimmindset”tendtoexaggeratetheimpactoftheirexperiencesandtheirownuncomfortableHowcanyouapplytheideaof“shiftingfromavictimtoavictormindset”toareal-lifechallenge?(Inabout40第二节(20假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校近期举办了主题为“AI助力语言学习”(AI-assistedLanguageLearning)的校园活动,Jim对此很感兴趣，发来邮件询问有关情况。请你用英文给他回复，注意1.100左右DearJim,Li(共两节，