江苏省南京市鼓楼区部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期阶段性测试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省南京市鼓楼区部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期阶段性测试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFortravelerswholovefood,attendinganinternationalfoodfestivalisaperfectwaytoexperiencedifferentcultures.Thetablebelowlistsfourofthemostfamousfestivals,eachwithitsuniqueappeal.Attheseevents,youcantastelocalspecialties,watchcookingshows,andenjoyculturalperformances.MelbourneFoodandWineFestivalinAustralia(Mar.10-20)TheFestivalisAustralia’smostfamousculinary(美食的)event.Heldannually,thefestivalfeatureswinetastings,chef(大厨)masterclasses,andarangeofoutdoordiningexperiences.Withastrongfocusonlocalproduce,sustainable(可持续的)farming,andgreenwinemakingpractices,thefestivalcelebratesMelbourne’sdiversefoodscene—fromstreetfoodtofinedining.MisturaFoodFestivalinPeru(Sep.6-27)AsLatinAmerica’slargestfoodfestival,MisturacelebratesPeru’srichfooddiversity.Itfeaturesingredientsfromdifferentregions—fromAndeanpotatoestoexotic(异国风味的)fruitsfromtheAmazon.Visitorscantastetraditionaldisheslikecuy(roastguineapig),attendfoodworkshops,watchculturalperformances,andshopathandcraftedmarkets.TasteofChicagoinUSA(Jul.1-31)TasteofChicagoistheworld’slargestfoodfestival,drawingmillionsofvisitorsyearlytoGrantPark.Thisvibranteventfeatureslivemusicfromrenownedperformers,cookingdemonstrationsbytopchefs,andfamily-centeredfunactivities.ThefestivalshowcasesthediversityofChicago’sculinaryscene,offeringeverythingfromthecity’sfamousdeep-dishpizzaandChicago-stylehotdogstohigh-endinternationalcuisine(菜肴),suitableforallages.OktoberfestinGermany(Sep.14-28)Oktoberfest,heldannuallyinMunich,istheworld’sbiggestbeerfestival.ItcentersonBavarianculture,offeringtraditionalfoodssuchasroastchickenandspecialbeersfromMunich’shistoricbreweries(啤酒厂).Thefestivalfeatureslivelybeertents,folkmusic,parades,andculturalperformancesintraditionalBavarianattire(服装).Guestsenjoycarnivalridesandgames,makingitafuncelebrationforthewholefamily.1.WhatmakestheMelbournefestivalunique?A.Itoffersavarietyofcuisines. B.Itincludesoutdooractivities.C.Itfeaturesmasterchefs. D.Itpromoteseco-friendliness.2.Abigfamilywhosemembershavevarioustasteswouldfind________thebestchoice.A.TasteofChicago B.OktoberfestC.MisturaFoodFestival D.MelbourneFoodandWineFestival3.Inwhichsectionofamagazinewouldyoumostlikelyfindthisarticle?A.Cookinggood,feelinggood. B.Currentaffairs.C.Embracingtheworld. D.Advertisements.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍世界四大知名美食节，包括举办时间、特色内容与文化亮点，供美食爱好者参考。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据MelbourneFoodandWineFestivalinAustralia(Mar.10-20)部分中的“Withastrongfocusonlocalproduce,sustainablefarming,andgreenwinemakingpractices,thefestivalcelebratesMelbourne’sdiversefoodscene—fromstreetfoodtofinedining.(该节日高度聚焦本地农产品、可持续农业和绿色酿酒工艺，展现墨尔本从街头小吃到精致餐饮的多元美食文化。)”可知，墨尔本美食节的独特之处在于推广环保理念。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据TasteofChicagoinUSA(Jul.1-31)部分中的“ThefestivalshowcasesthediversityofChicago’sculinaryscene,offeringeverythingfromthecity’sfamousdeep-dishpizzaandChicago-stylehotdogstohigh-endinternationalcuisine,suitableforallages.(该节日展现芝加哥丰富的美食种类，从招牌深盘披萨、芝加哥热狗到高端国际菜肴应有尽有，适合各个年龄段。)”可知，口味多样的大家庭会最适合选择芝加哥美食节。故选A项。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中的“Fortravelerswholovefood,attendinganinternationalfoodfestivalisaperfectwaytoexperiencedifferentcultures.(对于热爱美食的旅行者而言，参加国际美食节是体验不同文化的绝佳方式。)”可知，文章面向环球旅行者介绍世界各地美食文化，最可能出现在杂志的“拥抱世界”板块。故选C项。BIwasjust26,newlymarriedandpregnant(怀孕的),whenImovedintothesmallhousethatsharedadrivewaywithaneighbor.Whileunpacking,Iheardaknockandfoundanelderlymanstandingatmybackdoor,ruddy-facedandsmiling.Handingmeabasketofappleshe’dpicked,hesaid,“IamWalter.Welcomegoodneighbors,”andleft.ThoseappleswerejustwhatIneededformypersistentmorningsickness,butI’dnoideaatthetimethatthisneighbourwouldbeanantidoteforlife’sstruggles.Welivedpeacefullysidebysidefor35years,comingtoknoweachotherthroughourday-to-dayebbandflow—chatting,lendingahelpinghand,keepingawatchfuleye,neveroverstepping.Itwasaspecialbond—hewasalwaysthere,steadyasrain.MostofourlifeunfoldedinWalter’sbackyard.Fromdawntodusk,hepracticedsustainableliving—dryingfruit,makingsausage,andtendinghisgarden.Fishingwashisyear-roundpassion;mychildrenlovedhelpingcleanhiscatch.Withoutkidsofhisown,hecherishedtheircompany,andhiscatchesoftenledtojoyfulfamilygatheringsunderthemulberry(桑葚)tree.Aftermydivorce(离婚),Walterquietlybecamemysupport:fixingmycar,teachingmeskills,andevenchippingiceoffmyroof.Whenmymotherwasdying,hepromisedtolookoutforme—andthroughmyhardestyears,hewasalwaysadoor-knockaway.Withtimegoingby,Walterburroweddeepintomyheart.Likemymum,Waltercouldmendnearlyanythingwithhishands—atornbook,aloosebutton,aquietsorrow.Hislaughterwasaforcethatseemedtopushbackagainstthedarknesshehadknown.HewastheclosestthingIhadtoafather,thoughminewasaliveatthetime.Welovedeachotheralot.Hehasbeengonefortwoyearsnow,buteverytimeIeatanapple,Istillthinkofhim.SoluckyamItohavehadhimsolong,justacrosstheway.4.WhatcontributedtothebondbetweenthewriterandWalter?A.Frequentgiftexchanging. B.Constantsmallcaringactions.C.Livingtogetherasafamily. D.Developingthesamepassion.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“antidote”inparagraph2mean?A.Example B.Friend C.Cure. D.Advertiser6.WhichexpressionbestreflectsWalter’sroleintheauthor’slife?A.Ahardnuttocrack. B.Adropintheocean.C.Astorminateacup. D.Ashouldertocryon.7.Thewriterwouldmostprobablyagreethat________.A.sheissincerelygratefultoherneighbor B.neighborshadbetterkeepasafedistanceC.lovecanonlybeseenthroughrealaction D.luckwillstrikethosewhosufferthemost【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了邻居Walter：初搬来时送苹果，35年里日常相伴、互相扶持，在作者离婚、母亲病重时给予依靠，如同亲人。作者至今怀念他，充满感激。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Welivedpeacefullysidebysidefor35years,comingtoknoweachotherthroughourday-to-dayebbandflow—chatting,lendingahelpinghand,keepingawatchfuleye,neveroverstepping.(我们相安无事地共同生活了35年，通过日常生活的起起落落逐渐了解彼此——相互交谈、伸出援手、密切留意、从不逾矩)”可知，作者通过一些细微的关爱之举与她的邻居沃尔特建立起亲密关系。故选B。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“ThoseappleswerejustwhatIneededformypersistentmorningsickness(那些苹果正是我治疗持续性晨吐所需的良药)”以及后文“Welivedpeacefullysidebysidefor35years,comingtoknoweachotherthroughourday-to-dayebbandflow—chatting,lendingahelpinghand,keepingawatchfuleye,neveroverstepping.(我们相安无事地共同生活了35年，通过日常生活的起起落落逐渐了解彼此——相互交谈、伸出援手、密切留意、从不逾矩)”可知，这位邻居是作者生活困境的慰藉、解药，故划线词意思是“治愈，良方”。故选C。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Aftermydivorce(离婚),Walterquietlybecamemysupport:fixingmycar,teachingmeskills,andevenchippingiceoffmyroof.Whenmymotherwasdying,hepromisedtolookoutforme—andthroughmyhardestyears,hewasalwaysadoor-knockaway.(离婚后，沃尔特默默地成了我的依靠：帮我修车，教我技能，甚至帮我清除屋顶上的冰块。母亲临终时，他承诺会照顾我——在我最艰难的岁月里，他总是在我身边，就在几步之遥)”可知，“一个可以依靠哭泣的肩膀”最能体现沃尔特在作者生活中的作用。故选D。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hehasbeengonefortwoyearsnow,buteverytimeIeatanapple,Istillthinkofhim.SoluckyamItohavehadhimsolong,justacrosstheway.(他已经离开两年了，但每次我吃苹果的时候，脑海中仍会浮现出他的身影。能拥有他这么长的时间，而且就在眼前，我是多么幸运啊)”可知，作者真心感激她的邻居。故选A。CHaveyoueverobeyed(服从)thesuggestionsofadigital(数码的)writingassistanttoreplaceawordorrestructureasentence?Beforetheappearanceofdigitaltools,you’dprobablyhaveturnedtoadictionaryforthesameassistance.Dictionariesenableustowritenotwithfail-safeconveniencebutwithoriginalityandapointofview.WhileAIassistantsproducephrasesandstatementssowritersdon’thavetothinkthemup,dictionariesprovideuswiththeknowledgetouselanguageourselvesinexpressiveandpotentiallyinfinite(无穷的)ways.Theyplacechoiceandauthorityliterallyinhumanhands,forcingustodiscoverhowwewanttoexplainourselvesandourideastotheworld.Theabundance(充足)ofdigitalwritingassistantsgivesgreaterurgency(紧急性)todebatesaboutwhatadictionaryshouldbe.In1946,GeorgeOrwelldescribedgoodwritingas“pickingoutwordsforthesakeof(为了)theirmeaning,”apracticethatdictionariesfacilitatewhiledigitalwritingprogramsstifle(压制).Writersconsultingadictionarymakeachoice,whilewritersguidedbyanapphavetheirchoicesmadeforthem.Thedigital-nativeapproachdelivershands-off,derivative(衍生的)communication.Theotherrequiresleafingthroughpageswithoutknowingexactlywhereyou’llendup.WithoutdictionariestoprovideuswithaguidetoEnglish’spotential,writingthatwayisnearlyimpossible.Ourabilitytoexpressourselvesisimportant—ithelpsusdefinewhoweare.Dictionariesaidusinachievingthis:Theycategorize(分类)ouruniquewaysofthinkingthroughlanguage.I’maCanadian;myfeelingofprideinmynativelandisenhancedbysmallverbalCanadianismslike“eavestrough”or“serviette”,whicharewell-documentedindictionariesbutrarelyusedbyAIchatbots,forthemostpart.Asdigitalwritingextendsdeeperintoourlivesandminds,weneeddictionariesmorethanever.Abandoningdictionariesandembracingmechanizedwritingwouldweakenourcapacityforcollective(集体的)identityquiteasmuchastheabilitytoexpressourselves.8.Accordingtothewriter,dictionaries________.A.providefail-safeconvenience B.facilitatecreativewritingC.representliteraryauthority D.inspireinfiniteideas9.Whatisanadvantageofdictionariescomparedwithdigitalwritingtools?A.Theyarerarerandthereforeworthprotecting. B.Theyofferricherandmoreaccuratemeanings.C.Theygivemorespecificandsettledanswers. D.Theyempowerwriterswithmorepossibilities.10.Thewritermentions“eavestrough”and“serviette”inparagraph4tostressthat________.A.theabilitytoexpressourselvesisimportant B.CanadianEnglishisindangerduetoAIusageC.dictionarieshelpshapeourculturalidentity D.AIchatbotsoughttoincludemorenativeterms11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhyKeepYourDictionary? B.HowtoDealwithDigitalWriting?C.ShouldWritersListentoAI? D.WhattoExpectfromDictionaries?【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章通过对比数字写作助手和字典指出，在数字写作普及的当下，字典对保留写作原创性、塑造身份认同有不可替代的作用，最后点明我们比以往更需要字典。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“WhileAIassistantsproducephrasesandstatementssowritersdon’thavetothinkthemup,dictionariesprovideuswiththeknowledgetouselanguageourselvesinexpressiveandpotentiallyinfinite(无穷的)ways.(虽然人工智能助手能生成短语和语句，让作者无需自己构思，但词典为我们提供了知识，让我们能够以富有表现力且可能无穷无尽的方式自行运用语言)”可知，词典有助于创造性写作。故选B。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“WithoutdictionariestoprovideuswithaguidetoEnglish’spotential,writingthatwayisnearlyimpossible.(若没有词典为我们提供关于英语潜在可能性的指引，以这种方式写作几乎是不可能的)”可知，与数字写作工具相比，词典的一个优势是为作者提供了更多的可能性。故选D。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Ourabilitytoexpressourselvesisimportant—ithelpsusdefinewhoweare.Dictionariesaidusinachievingthis:Theycategorize(分类)ouruniquewaysofthinkingthroughlanguage.I’maCanadian;myfeelingofprideinmynativelandisenhancedbysmallverbalCanadianismslike“eavestrough”or“serviette”,whicharewell-documentedindictionariesbutrarelyusedbyAIchatbots,forthemostpart.(我们表达自我的能力非常重要——它有助于我们明确自己的身份。词典在这方面能起到很大的作用：它们通过语言将我们独特的思维方式进行分类。我是加拿大人；我对祖国的自豪感因一些小小的加拿大式词汇而得到增强，比如“檐沟”或“餐巾纸”，这些词汇在词典中有详细的记载，但在大多数情况下，人工智能聊天机器人很少使用它们)”可知，作者举这两个加拿大特有的词汇，是为了说明：这类特有语言能增强本土身份认同感，即语言使用会影响个人/群体身份。故选C。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段“Asdigitalwritingextendsdeeperintoourlivesandminds,weneeddictionariesmorethanever.Abandoningdictionariesandembracingmechanizedwritingwouldweakenourcapacityforcollective(集体的)identityquiteasmuchastheabilitytoexpressourselves.(随着数字写作在我们的生活和思想中占据越来越重要的地位，我们对词典的需求也愈发强烈了。摒弃词典、转而采用机械化书写方式，这将与丧失表达自我的能力一样，极大地削弱我们形成集体认同的能力)”可知，全文对比数字写作助手和字典，层层论述：在数字写作普及的当下，字典对保留写作原创性、塑造身份认同有不可替代的作用，结尾点明我们比以往更需要字典。由此可知，A项“为什么要保留字典？”适合作本文标题。故选A。DOncelivinginourbackyards,manypets—forbetterandforworse—havenowbecomespoiled“furbabies(毛孩子)”,enjoyingconstantattention,specialtreatment,andcomfortsoncereservedforhumanbabies.Manyseethisasharmlessfun,buttheincreasingtendencytotreatpetsas“children”canhaveserioushealthandwelfare(福利)consequencesfortheanimalsinvolved.Thepet-to-fur-babyevolutioncanbecredited(归因)tomanythings,includingoveremphasis(过度强调)onthehuman-animalbond,ignoranceofanimals’biologicalneeds,irresistible(无法抵挡的)consumerismandshowingoff.Themajorcausesandoutcomesoffurbabyismhavestrengthenedandspreadglobally.Evidenceforthisisinescapableandgoesbeyondtheavailabilityofclothesforbirthdays,festivalsandsoon.Strollers(推车),jewellery,nappies(尿布),nailpolish,birthdaycakesandshoesarenowavailableforthemodernfurbaby,asare“goldstandard”veterinary(兽医的)treatments.Thenegativehealtheffectsoffurbabyismarewelldocumented.Takestrollersfordogs:whilepotentiallyusefulforanimalswithdisabilities,theiroveruseinotherdogscanleadtoweakeningofmuscles,jointdamageandobesity(肥胖症).Restrictingthefurbaby’smovementlimitsitsnaturalabilitytoexplore,markterritory(领地)andinteractwithenvironmentalfeatures,suchasothersofitsspecies,leadingtofearandanxiety.Giventhesepotentialhealthandwelfarerisks,onewouldexpectveterinaryexpertstotakealeadingroleinsayingnotothe“furbaby”phenomenon.Strangely,attitudesamongveterinariansvarywidely—somecriticizethetrendwhileotherssupportitandevenprofit(获利)fromit.Thelatteristroublingbecauseover-treatmentmayfurtherharmanimalwelfarewithoutnecessarilyimprovinghealth.Owners’lovefortheirpetsisunderstandable,butmustbebalancedbyprioritizingtheanimals’interests.Whatisfarlessacceptableisthevetwhocashesinonanowner’smisguidedlovefortheirpettoconductunnecessary,painfulandexpensivetestsandoperationsonananimalthatcannotgiveitspermission(许可).Allcaregiversshouldreflectonthesufferingthatmayarisewhenanimalsaretreatedimproperly:thatis,aschildrenratherthandogsorcats.Andvetschasingthefurbabytrendshouldknowbetter.12.Whichactionbelowreflectsfurbabyism?A.Trainingpetstofollowbasiccommands.B.Celebratingpets’birthdaywithaspecialtreat.C.Takingpetstothevetonlywhentheyareill.D.Providingpetswithdailyfoodandcleanwater.13.Whywouldstrollersdamageadog’shealth?A.Theydestroytheterritoryfordogstoexplore.B.Theyletdisableddogstakeuptoomuchspace.C.Theyrobthenormaldogsoftheirchancestoexercise.D.Theyfrightenthedogsandawakentheirnegativeemotions.14.Whatdoesthewriterfindunacceptable?A.Thevets’greedandirresponsibility. B.Theowner’sloveandignorance.C.Theanimal’sinabilitytosayno. D.Thesociety’slackofreflection.15.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardvetschasingthefurbabytrend?A.Positive. B.Uncertain. C.Understanding. D.Critical.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍宠物被过度溺爱成“毛孩子”的现象、成因，以及该现象对动物的健康危害和作者对相关兽医行为的批评。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Evidenceforthisisinescapableandgoesbeyondtheavailabilityofclothesforbirthdays,festivalsandsoon.Strollers(推车),jewellery,nappies(尿布),nailpolish,birthdaycakesandshoesarenowavailableforthemodernfurbaby,asare“goldstandard”veterinary(兽医的)treatments.(这一现象的证据无处不在，除了为宠物准备生日、节日等穿的衣服外，如今还能为现代“毛孩子”买到婴儿推车、珠宝、尿布、指甲油、生日蛋糕和鞋子，以及“黄金标准”的兽医治疗服务。)”可知，用特殊美食庆祝宠物生日属于“毛孩子化”行为。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Takestrollersfordogs:whilepotentiallyusefulforanimalswithdisabilities,theiroveruseinotherdogscanleadtoweakeningofmuscles,jointdamageandobesity(肥胖症).Restrictingthefurbaby’smovementlimitsitsnaturalabilitytoexplore,markterritory(领地)andinteractwithenvironmentalfeatures,suchasothersofitsspecies,leadingtofearandanxiety.(虽然婴儿推车对残疾动物可能有用，但对其他狗狗过度使用会导致肌肉萎缩、关节损伤和肥胖。限制“毛孩子”的活动会限制它们探索、标记领地以及与同类等环境事物互动的本能，从而引发恐惧和焦虑。)”可知，宠物推车剥夺了正常狗狗的运动机会，进而损害健康。故选C项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Owners’lovefortheirpetsisunderstandable,butmustbebalancedbyprioritizingtheanimals’interests.Whatisfarlessacceptableisthevetwhocashesinonanowner’smisguidedlovefortheirpettoconductunnecessary,painfulandexpensivetestsandoperationsonananimalthatcannotgiveitspermission.(主人对宠物的爱是可以理解的，但必须以优先考虑动物的利益为平衡。更令人无法接受的是，兽医利用主人对宠物错位的爱，对无法给出许可的动物进行不必要、痛苦且昂贵的检查和手术来牟利。)”可知，作者认为兽医的贪婪与不负责任让人无法接受。故选A项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Strangely,attitudesamongveterinariansvarywidely—somecriticizethetrendwhileotherssupportitandevenprofit(获利)fromit.Thelatteristroublingbecauseover-treatmentmayfurtherharmanimalwelfarewithoutnecessarilyimprovinghealth.(奇怪的是，兽医们的态度差异很大——一些人批评这一趋势，而另一些人则支持它，甚至从中获利。后者令人担忧，因为过度治疗可能会进一步损害动物福利，而不一定能改善健康。)”以及“Whatisfarlessacceptableisthevetwhocashesinonanowner’smisguidedlovefortheirpettoconductunnecessary,painfulandexpensivetestsandoperationsonananimalthatcannotgiveitspermission.(更令人无法接受的是，兽医利用主人对宠物错位的爱，对无法给出许可的动物进行不必要、痛苦且昂贵的检查和手术来牟利。)”和最后一段中的“Andvetschasingthefurbabytrendshouldknowbetter.(而追逐“毛孩子”潮流的兽医本应更明事理。)”可知，作者明确批判了那些追逐“毛孩子”潮流、利用主人错位的爱牟利、进行过度治疗的兽医，认为他们的行为损害了动物福利，且本应具备专业素养，明白过度溺爱对动物的危害，因此作者对这类兽医的态度是批判的。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThetoyindustryispushingforwardwithAIchatbotsbuiltintostuffedanimalsandminirobots.Thesetoysareflexible(灵活的)enoughtomakelimitedconversationswithchildrenandtorespondtothemjustastheyfinishtalking.____16____WilltoyslikeCurio’sGremhelporharmchildren’slanguagedevelopment?____17____Butthesevocabularywordsarenotlearnedwhenspokenoutofcontext,ascurrentAItoysdo,butfromcaregiverswhomakethewordscomealive.Researchshowsthatchatbottalkisunlikelytoimproveyoungchildren’slanguageoutcomes.Infact,ifallowedtoreplaceconversationswithcaregivers,thesetoysmaypreventchildren’slanguagelearning.Whenacaregiverdescribessomethingthatachildisinterestedin,childrencanlearnitsname.Achatbotislessabletoteachchildrenabouttheirenvironmentsbecauseitcannotseeanddescribeatoythechildisholding.Evenifitcouldsee,itdoesnothavepriorknowledgeaboutthetoysachildowns.Languageskillsdonotgrowfromsimplyhearinglotsofwords.____18________19____Thecaregivers’repetitionofawordnotonlyemphasizesitsname,butalsogivesthechildmoreinformationaboutthesoundoftheword.Ifthechildmispronouncestheword,thecaregiverwilllikelyemphasizethecorrectpronunciation(发音).Commerciallyavailablechatbotscan’treliablydothis.Qualitylanguageteachingshouldbebasedonwhatthechildknow,takethechild’sperspectiveandpasthistoryintoconsideration,andrespondtotheirquestions.Wehaveseensomesocialrobotsthatcanhelppreschoolchildrenlearnvocabulary.However,weneedmoreresearchtoknowtheeffectstheserobotshaveonchildren’slanguagelearning.Untilthathappens,webelievethatthehumansinchildren’slivesareresponsibleformakingtheconversationsthatgrowtheirlanguage.Asaresearcherandhisteammatesputit,“____20____”A.Ourbabiesshouldn’tbelabmicefortoycompanies.B.Willthesetoystrulybringloveandcaretoourchildren?C.Itisthetechnologybehindthetoysthatdeterminestheresultoflearning.D.Theygrowfromhearingwordsinconversationsthatcatchthechild’sattention.E.Themorelanguagethatisspokentochildren,thebiggertheirvocabularywillbe.F.Aretheseinteractionsenoughtoprovidethe“personalizededucation”theyclaimed?G.Finally,childrenarealsoseekingfurtherinformationaboutthesoundsoftheirlanguage.【答案】16.F17.E18.D19.G20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨内置AI的智能玩具是否能促进幼儿语言学习，并指出成人陪伴交流的不可替代性。【16题详析】根据上文“ThetoyindustryispushingforwardwithAIchatbotsbuiltintostuffedanimalsandminirobots.Thesetoysareflexible(灵活的)enoughtomakelimitedconversationswithchildrenandtorespondtothemjustastheyfinishtalking.(玩具行业正在推进将人工智能聊天机器人内置到毛绒玩具和微型机器人中的举措。这些玩具具有一定的灵活性，能够与儿童进行有限的对话，并能根据孩子的话语内容立即做出相应的回应)”以及后文“WilltoyslikeCurio’sGremhelporharmchildren’slanguagedevelopment?(像库里奥公司的“格雷姆”这类玩具会对孩子的语言发展有帮助还是有负面影响呢？)”可知，前文介绍AI玩具能和孩子进行有限对话、即时回应，后文提出这类玩具对孩子语言发展是好是坏的疑问。F项“这些互动足以提供它们所宣称的‘个性化教育’吗？”承接上文玩具的互动功能，同时引出后文的利弊探讨，逻辑连贯。故选F。【17题详析】根据后文“Butthesevocabularywordsarenotlearnedwhenspokenoutofcontext,ascurrentAItoysdo,butfromcaregiverswhomakethewordscomealive.Researchshowsthatchatbottalkisunlikelytoimproveyoungchildren’slanguageoutcomes.Infact,ifallowedtoreplaceconversationswithcaregivers,thesetoysmaypreventchildren’slanguagelearning.(但这些词汇并非像当前的智能玩具那样在脱离语境的情况下被学习到的，而是通过照顾者将这些词汇赋予生命而被掌握的。研究表明，聊天机器人的话语不太可能提升幼儿的语言能力。实际上，如果这些玩具被允许取代与照顾者的交流，它们可能会阻碍儿童的语言学习)”可知，后文通过But转折，指出脱离语境的词汇学习无效，真正的学习来自看护者的生动教学。E项“对孩子说的语言越多，他们的词汇量就会越大”，与后文形成转折对比，符合语境。故选E。【18题详析】根据上文“Whenacaregiverdescribessomethingthatachildisinterestedin,childrencanlearnitsname.Achatbotislessabletoteachchildrenabouttheirenvironmentsbecauseitcannotseeanddescribeatoythechildisholding.Evenifitcouldsee,itdoesnothavepriorknowledgeaboutthetoysachildowns.Languageskillsdonotgrowfromsimplyhearinglotsofwords.(当一位照顾者描述孩子感兴趣的事物时，孩子就能记住其名称。而聊天机器人则较难向孩子传授其所处环境的相关知识，因为它无法看到并描述孩子手中拿着的玩具。即便它能看到，它也没有关于孩子所拥有的玩具的先验知识。语言能力并非仅仅通过大量听懂词汇就能培养出来的)”可知，前文提出语言能力并非单纯靠听大量单词提升，D项“它们是从能吸引孩子注意力的对话中听到词汇而发展起来的”，承接前文，解释了语言能力真正的提升途径，句式与前文也形成呼应。故选D。【19题详析】根据后文“Thecaregivers’repetitionofawordnotonlyemphasizesitsname,butalsogivesthechildmoreinformationaboutthesoundoftheword.Ifthechildmispronouncestheword,thecaregiverwilllikelyemphasizethecorrectpronunciation(发音).Commerciallyavailablechatbotscan’treliablydothis.(照护者对某个单词的重复不仅强化了其名称，还为孩子提供了更多关于该单词发音的信息。如果孩子读错了这个单词，照护者很可能会强调正确的发音方式。而市面上现有的聊天机器人却无法做到这一点)”可知，后文围绕看护者重复单词、纠正发音展开，核心是语言的发音相关信息。G项“最后，孩子们也在寻找更多关于语言发音的信息”，总领本段内容，引出下文对发音学习的论述。故选G。【20题详析】根据上文“Qualitylanguageteachingshouldbebasedonwhatthechildknow,takethechild’sperspectiveandpasthistoryintoconsideration,andrespondtotheirquestions.Wehaveseensomesocialrobotsthatcanhelppreschoolchildrenlearnvocabulary.However,weneedmoreresearchtoknowtheeffectstheserobotshaveonchildren’slanguagelearning.Untilthathappens,webelievethatthehumansinchildren’slivesareresponsibleformakingtheconversationsthatgrowtheirlanguage.(高质量的语言教学应当基于儿童已有的知识，从儿童的角度出发，并考虑其过往经历，还要回应他们的问题。我们已经看到了一些能够帮助学前儿童学习词汇的社交机器人。然而，我们需要更多的研究来了解这些机器人对儿童语言学习的影响。在这一情况尚未确定之前，我们认为儿童生活中的人类是促进他们语言发展的对话的发起者)”可知，前文强调人类才是助力孩子语言发展的核心，AI玩具的效果仍需研究，不应盲目使用。A项“我们的孩子不应该成为玩具公司的实验小白鼠”，契合研究者的态度，总结全文观点。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TwoKiwis(新西兰人),oneSingaporean,andoneIndianwalkedintoabar.Thiswasn’tthestartofajoke,butthebeginningofadeep____21____.WemetattheFalseCreekshorefordragonboatpractice.Initially,ourinteractionwaspurelyfunctional,centeredonpaddles(桨)andraceschedules.However,aswepaddledalong,the____22____experiencebegantobreaktheicefurther.____23____itsbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,Vancouverisaplacewheremakingfriendsoftenfeelsas____24____asfindinganaffordableapartment.Asimmigrants(移民)fromsun-heavyplaces,wewereall____25____toadapttothecity’sgray(灰暗的)weatheranditseven“grayer”____26____climate.Inthisenvironment,dragonboatingservedasabreakthrough,foritisasportthat____27____people.Inaboat,noonecaresaboutyourbackground;youjustmoveasone.Thisspiritsoon____28____intoourlivesoffthewater,andourweeklygatheringsafterpracticenaturallybecameour____29____.Webondedovercommon____30____—theexpensiverental(租赁，租房)marketandthe“polite”socialscenewhereplansforhikingalwaysslipped.Yet,whenweweretogether,theseproblems____31____less.Weweren’tjustsurvivingthecity’scoldness;wewere____32____amicro-communityofourown.Onesummernight,afterwinningamajorrace,we____33____bythewaterfront.Inthatgoldenmoment,werealizedwehad____34____whatwecamefor.Wewerefourstrangersfromdifferentcontinents,butdragonboatinggaveusaplaceto____35____,areasontostayandarhythmtomoveforwardbybeingtogether.21.A.respect B.affection C.connection D.significance22.A.forgotten B.shared C.lost D.observed23.A.Like B.Alongside C.For D.Despite24.A.challenging B.comforting C.relieving D.annoying25.A.managing B.refusing C.hesitating D.struggling26.A.political B.social C.natural D.economic27.A.moves B.attracts C.simplifies D.selects28.A.spread B.tore C.escaped D.fit29.A.burden B.homework C.shelter D.standard30.A.issues B.hobbies C.targets D.benefits31.A.worked B.appeared C.failed D.mattered32.A.turning B.building C.serving D.influencing33.A.fainted B.danced C.debated D.competed34.A.prepared B.forgotten C.found D.ignored35.A.explore B.relax C.chat D.belong【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.D26.B27.B28.A29.C30.A31.D32.B33.B34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了四个来自不同国家的人在温哥华因划龙舟而结缘，建立起深厚情谊，共同构建起属于自己的小社区的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不是一个笑话的开头，而是一段深厚关系的开始。A.respect尊重；B.affection喜爱；C.connection关系、联系；D.significance重要性。根据下文“Webondedovercommon...”可知，此处指深厚的关系。故选C。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们继续划船前行时，这种共同的经历逐渐消除了彼此之间的隔阂。A.forgotten被忘记的；B.shared共同的；C.lost丢失的；D.observed观察的。根据上文“aswepaddledalong”可知，因为划船有了共同经历。故选B。【23题详析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管温哥华有着令人惊叹的自然美景，但在这里交朋友往往感觉和找到一套负担得起的公寓一样具有挑战性。A.Like像；B.Alongside在……旁边，沿着；C.For为了；D.Despite尽管。结合后文“itsbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,Vancouverisaplacewheremakingfriendsoftenfeelsasasfindinganaffordableapartment.”可知为转折关系，用介词despite。故选D。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管温哥华有着令人惊叹的自然美景，但在这里交朋友往往感觉和找到一套负担得起的公寓一样具有挑战性。A.challenging具有挑战性的；B.comforting安慰的；C.relieving宽慰的；D.annoying恼怒的。根据下文“thanfindinganaffordableapartment”可知，在温哥华交朋友和找公寓一样具有挑战性。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为来自阳光充足地方的移民，我们都在努力适应这座城市灰暗的天气，甚至是“更灰暗的”社交氛围。A.managing设法；B.refus