江苏省无锡市部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期3月质量调研英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省无锡市部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期3月质量调研英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AChina:YoungestAstronautBlastsoffOnOctober31,Chinasentitsyoungest-everastronautintospace.WuFei,age32,waspartofthethree-personcrewthatwaslaunchedinaShenzhourocketfromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCentertotheChinesespacestation,Tiangong.Theteamwillspendsixmonthsonthestation,takingoverfromanothercrewofastronauts.Alsoalongfortheridewerefourmice,whichwillbestudiedtoseehowweightlessnessaffectstheirbehavior.Philippines:SuperTyphoonHitsTyphoonFung-wongmadelandfallinthePhilippinesonNovember9.Thetropicalstorm,whichwasclassifiedasasupertyphoon,broughtheavyrainsandwindsofupto115milesperhour.Itwasthesecondtyphoontohitthecountrythismonth.Atleast18peoplewerekilledandmillionswereevacuated.PresidentFerdinandMarcosJr.declaredastateofemergencyafterthestormcausedflooding,mudslides,andpowerfailures.Extremadura,Spain:EndangeredBirdsReturnRedkitechicksbornintheUKhavebeentransportedtoExtremaduratohelpreviveSpain’sstrugglingnumberofthiskindofbirds.Theyareindangerofextinctionintheregionduetohumanactivities.Inthe1980s,SpanishandSwedishredkitesweresenttotheUKtoincreasethepopulationthere.NowtheUKhasabout4,500matingpairsandisabletosendsomeback.Sudan:CommunityKitchensatRiskAgroupoflocallyrunkitchensthatprovidefreefoodtomillionsofpeopleinSudanareatriskofclosing.Sinceacivilwarbrokeoutin2023,anestimated24millionpeoplehaveexperiencedshortagesoffood.Thekitchenshavesteppeduptohelp,buttheIslamicReliefaidorganizationreportsthatthey’renowfacingashortageofmoney,food,andsafedrinkingwater.1.WhatisspecialaboutWuFei,theastronautmentionedinthefirstnews?A.HeisthefirstastronautsenttoTiangong.B.HeistheyoungestChineseastronautinspace.C.Hetookfourmicetothespacestationforstudy.D.Hewillstayinspaceforashortertimethanothers.2.WhatdoweknowaboutTyphoonFung-wonginthePhilippines?A.Itwascausedbyheavyrainsandwinds.B.Itwasthethirdtyphoontohitthecountry.C.Itledtonodeathsbutmillionsofevacuations.D.Itmadethecountrysuffermoredisasters.3.HowmanymatingpairsofredkitesarethereintheUKnow?A.About4,500 B.About5,000C.About3,500 D.About2,0004.WhatdoSpain’sredkitesandSudan’scommunitykitchenshaveincommon?A.Bothdependoninternationalcooperationtosolveproblems.B.Botharerelatedtotheprotectionofendangeredspecies.C.Bothareunderthreatbecauseofhumanactivities.D.Bothneedgovernmentsupporttocontinue.5.Inwhichsectionofamagazinewillyoufindthetext?A.Science&Technology B.WildlifeProtectionC.Life&Health D.WorldNewsBriefs【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.A5.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国、菲律宾、西班牙、苏丹等不同国家近期发生的几件重要新闻事件。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据China:YoungestAstronautBlastsoff标题下“OnOctober31,Chinasentitsyoungest-everastronautintospace.WuFei,age32,waspartofthethree-personcrewthatwaslaunchedinaShenzhourocketfromtheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCentertotheChinesespacestation,Tiangong.(10月31日，中国将有史以来最年轻的宇航员送入太空。32岁的吴飞是三人乘组的一员，他们乘坐神舟火箭从酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空，前往中国空间站天宫)”可知，吴飞是中国有史以来进入太空的最年轻的宇航员。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Philippines:SuperTyphoonHits标题下“Itwasthesecondtyphoontohitthecountrythismonth.Atleast18peoplewerekilledandmillionswereevacuated.PresidentFerdinandMarcosJr.declaredastateofemergencyafterthestormcausedflooding,mudslides,andpowerfailures.(这是本月袭击该国的第二场台风。至少有18人死亡，数百万人被疏散。总统小费迪南德·马科斯在风暴引发洪水、泥石流和停电后宣布进入紧急状态)”可知，台风“凤凰”使菲律宾遭受了更多的灾难。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Extremadura,Spain:EndangeredBirdsReturn标题下“NowtheUKhasabout4,500matingpairsandisabletosendsomeback.(现在英国有大约4500对繁殖对，并能够送回一些)”可知，现在英国有大约4500对繁殖对。故选A。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据Extremadura,Spain:EndangeredBirdsReturn标题下“RedkitechicksbornintheUKhavebeentransportedtoExtremaduratohelpreviveSpain’sstrugglingnumberofthiskindofbirds.Theyareindangerofextinctionintheregionduetohumanactivities.(在英国出生的红鸢雏鸟已被运送到埃斯特雷马杜拉，以帮助恢复西班牙这种挣扎中的鸟类数量。由于人类活动，它们在该地区面临灭绝的危险)”以及Sudan:CommunityKitchensatRisk标题下“AgroupoflocallyrunkitchensthatprovidefreefoodtomillionsofpeopleinSudanareatriskofclosing.Sinceacivilwarbrokeoutin2023,anestimated24millionpeoplehaveexperiencedshortagesoffood.Thekitchenshavesteppeduptohelp,buttheIslamicReliefaidorganizationreportsthatthey’renowfacingashortageofmoney,food,andsafedrinkingwater.(一组为苏丹数百万人提供免费食物的当地厨房面临关闭的风险。自2023年内战爆发以来，估计有2400万人经历了粮食短缺。这些厨房已经站出来提供帮助，但伊斯兰救济援助组织报告说，它们现在面临资金、食物和安全饮用水的短缺)”可知，西班牙的红鸢和苏丹的社区厨房都依赖国际合作来解决问题。故选A。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要报道了中国、菲律宾、西班牙、苏丹等不同国家近期发生的几件重要新闻事件，因此最有可能在杂志的“世界新闻简讯”部分找到这篇文章。故选D。BEekaMcLeodisraisingthreekids,twochickens,onedog,onecatand…ducks?Yes,ducks.“Ihadalwayswantedducks,oratleastoneduck,”shetellsUSATODAYoveravideocallfromherhomeinArizona,withadiaper-clad(带着尿布的)ducknamedMooneyrestinginababyhouseatherside.“I’vealsowanteddeer—don’tgetmestartedonthat—butanyways,I’vealwayswantedducks.”So,shetookaquackatit.McLeodgotherwishforfamilyducksaftershemovedherthreekidsfromCaliforniatoArizonainApriloflastyear.Hermentalhealthwasfalling,nottomentionshewasdiagnosedwithafewautoimmunediseases(自身免疫性疾病).McLeod,43,isasinglemumandshewantedtoownahousetohanddowntoherkidsoneday—thereforetheymovetoamuchricherstate.Aftertheysettledin,McLeodfinallyscratchedtheitchlastAugust.“I’mgoingtodoit.Today’stheday,”sheremembers.AlocalorganicfarmstoreinMesahad12ducklingsandtheytoldhertocomein.Herkidsdidn’tbelievewhatwashappening.“Ittookthemafewminutes,”shesays.“IthinktheythoughtthatIwasreallymakingfunofthem.”Buttheretheduckswere,inatubunderaheatlampandeverything.Thefamilytooktwohomethatday:JellyandMooney,bothIndianRunnerducks.Theylaterraisedathird,Topsy,aCayugaduck.It’schangedtheirlifeforthebetter,andexcitedmillionsofTikTokfollowersandhundredsofthousandsofInstagramfollowersalongtheway.Researchshows,afterall,petslowerstresslevelsandevenhelpwithhearthealth.“Theduckscameintoourlivesduringsucha—especiallyforme—justareallydarkperiodandjustbrightenedupourlives,”shesays.“Theyhavebroughtustheunbelievablehappiness,andit’salwayssomethingthatwe’relaughingabouttogether.”6.WhendidMcLeodstartwantingducks?A.LastAugust. B.LastApril.C.Beforeshemovedtothenewstate. D.Beforeshewasill.7.WhydidEekaMcLeodmovetoArizona?A.Tobeclosertoherfamily.B.Toimprovehermentalhealthandownahouse.C.Tostartaduckfarm.D.Toescapefromthecoldweather.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“scratchedtheitch”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Satisfiedadesire. B.Feltverynervous.C.Hadaskinproblem. D.Madeabigfortune.9.HowmanyducksdoesMcLeodraiseinall?A.One. B.Three. C.Twelve. D.Fifteen.10.WhatdoesMcLeodmainlywanttotellus?A.Howduckschangedherlife. B.Herexperienceofmoving.C.Thebenefitsofhavingpets. D.Howducksareraised.【答案】6.C7.B8.A9.B10.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了单亲妈妈EekaMcLeod在搬到亚利桑那州后，终于实现了养鸭子的愿望，鸭子不仅改善了她和家人的生活，还治愈了她的精神健康，收获了大量社交媒体粉丝的故事。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段““Ihadalwayswantedducks,oratleastoneduck,”shetellsUSATODAYoveravideocallfromherhomeinArizona,withadiaper-clad(带着尿布的)ducknamedMooneyrestinginababyhouseatherside.(“我一直都想养鸭子，至少养一只。”她在亚利桑那州的家中接受《今日美国》视频采访时说，身边的婴儿围栏里，躺着一只名叫Mooney、裹着尿布的鸭子。)”可知，McLeod在搬到亚利桑那州之前就一直想要养鸭子。故选C。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Hermentalhealthwasfalling,nottomentionshewasdiagnosedwithafewautoimmunediseases.McLeod,43,isasinglemumandshewantedtoownahousetohanddowntoherkidsoneday—thereforetheymovetoamuchricherstate.(她的心理健康状况不断恶化，更不用说还被诊断出患有几种自身免疫性疾病。43岁的McLeod是一位单亲妈妈，她希望拥有一套房子，将来能留给孩子们，因此他们搬到了一个更富裕的州。)”可知，她搬到亚利桑那州是为了改善自己的精神健康，同时拥有一套可以留给孩子的房子。故选B。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“I’vealwayswantedducks.(我一直想养鸭子。)”以及第四段““I’mgoingtodoit.Today’stheday,”sheremembers.AlocalorganicfarmstoreinMesahad12ducklingsandtheytoldhertocomein.(“我要去做这件事了，就今天。”她回忆道。梅萨市一家当地的有机农场商店有12只小鸭，店员让她过去看看。)”可知，McLeod一直想要养鸭子，在定居后终于去实现了这个愿望，因此“scratchedtheitch”的意思是“满足愿望”，与A选项“Satisfiedadesire.(满足一个愿望。)”含义一致。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Thefamilytooktwohomethatday:JellyandMooney,bothIndianRunnerducks.Theylaterraisedathird,Topsy,aCayugaduck.(那天，一家人带回了两只鸭子：Jelly和Mooney，都是印度跑鸭。后来他们又养了第三只，名叫Topsy的卡尤加鸭。)”可知，她一共养了3只鸭子。故选B。【10题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段““Theduckscameintoourlivesduringsucha—especiallyforme—justareallydarkperiodandjustbrightenedupourlives,”shesays.“Theyhavebroughtustheunbelievablehappiness,andit’salwayssomethingthatwe’relaughingabouttogether.”(“鸭子是在一段——尤其对我来说——非常黑暗的时期走进我们生活的，它们照亮了我们的生活，”她说道。“它们给我们带来了难以置信的快乐，这也成了我们一家人总能一起开怀大笑的趣事。”)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了鸭子如何改变了McLeod和家人的生活。故选A。CIntheUnitedStates,hurricanesandtornadoesgetnames.Whenitcomestoextremeweather,thosestormstendtogetanimportantshareofpeople’sattention.However,hailstormsflyundertheradar.Hail(冰雹)notonlyimpactshomesandvehicles,butagriculture,costingtheUnitedStates$46billionin2023.U.S.hailscientistsaredisappointedthattheirlastmajorresearchcampaigntookplaceinthelate1970s,over50yearsago.“It’sjustthisbighole,”saysAdams-Selin,ahailscientistatAtmosphericandEnvironmentalResearch.Asaresult,aprojectcalledICECHIPissettochangethat.Some100researchersfromfourcountriesand11statesareplanningfieldworkinMayandJuneof2025intheU.S.CentralPlainsstates,whichwillbethelargesteverinternationalcampaignforstudyinghail.LedbyAdams-Selin,ICECHIPresearchershopetogatherdatathatcouldimprovehailstormprediction.Thecampaignwillrelyonnewtechnologiestoperformexperiments,suchashigh-speedvideographyandmobileradar.Researcherswillalsouseballoonstodeliver3D-printedsensors(传感器)intostormstocopythemovementofhailstones.Agroupof24ground-basedsensorswillmeasuretheenergyoffallinghailstonesevery500thofasecond,and3Dlaserscannerswillrecordcollectedhailstones’shapes.Backinthelab,ICECHIPresearcherswillanalyzehailstones’icelayerstodeterminethetemperatureandaltitude(海拔)atwhichtheyformed-and,inturn,thepathstheytookthroughstorms.ICECHIPwillbringhailresearch“intothe21stcentury,”saysAdams-Selin.Butsometechnologiesfromthe1970swillremain,suchashailfoampads(泡沫垫)tocatchhailstonesandprovideoutlinesoftheirsizesandshapes.“Onedayweatheragencieswillbeabletoprovidehailwarningsjustastheydoforothersevereweathereventsandpredicthailstormsatalowcost.”hesays.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“flyundertheradar”inparagraph1mean?A.Moveonsecretly. B.Speedupviolently.C.Escapepeople’snotice. D.Drawpeople’sattention.12.HowmuchdidhailstormscosttheUnitedStatesin2023?A.$46million. B.$46billion. C.$50billion. D.$100million.13.WhyistheprojectICECHIPlaunched?A.Toreduceeffectsonhumanlives.B.Tofilltherelevantresearchgap.C.Topredictsevereweatherevents.D.Tomakeupforeconomiclosses.14.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Themainfunctionsofthesensors.B.Thepotentialresultsoftheanalysis.C.Thetheoreticalbasisofthecampaign.D.Theexperimentalmethodsoftheresearch.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Hailstorms:adisasterbringinggreatlossestopeople’slife.B.TheUnitedStates:acountryfrequentlyhitbyextremeweather.C.ICECHIP:aprojecthelpingimprovepredictionsofhailstorms.D.Adams-Selin:ascientistdevotedtodoingresearchonhailstorms.【答案】11.C12.B13.B14.D15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冰雹在美国造成的损失、相关研究的空白，以及ICECHIP项目的发起目的、研究方法和预期成果。【11题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Whenitcomestoextremeweather,thosestormstendtogetanimportantshareofpeople’sattention.However,hailstormsflyundertheradar.(当谈到极端天气时，这些风暴往往会得到人们的广泛关注。然而，冰雹却flyundertheradar)”可知，前文提到飓风和龙卷风会得到人们的广泛关注，由However（然而）可知，前后句为转折关系，因此冰雹应该是“没有得到人们的关注”，由此猜测flyundertheradar意为“逃脱人们的注意”。故选C项。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hail(冰雹)notonlyimpactshomesandvehicles,butagriculture,costingtheUnitedStates$46billionin2023.(冰雹不仅影响房屋和车辆，还影响农业，2023年给美国造成了460亿美元的损失)”可知，2023年冰雹给美国造成的损失是460亿美元。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“U.S.hailscientistsaredisappointedthattheirlastmajorresearchcampaigntookplaceinthelate1970s,over50yearsago.“It’sjustthisbighole,”(美国冰雹科学家对他们上一次重大研究活动发生在20世纪70年代末，也就是50多年前感到失望。“这就是一个巨大的空白，”)”以及第三段中的“Asaresult,aprojectcalledICECHIPissettochangethat.(因此，一个名为ICECHIP的项目将改变这一现状)”可知，ICECHIP项目发起的原因是为了填补冰雹研究领域的空白。故选B项。【14题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Thecampaignwillrelyonnewtechnologiestoperformexperiments,suchashigh-speedvideographyandmobileradar.Researcherswillalsouseballoonstodeliver3D-printedsensors(传感器)intostormstocopythemovementofhailstones.Agroupof24ground-basedsensorswillmeasuretheenergyoffallinghailstonesevery500thofasecond,and3Dlaserscannerswillrecordcollectedhailstones’shapes.Backinthelab,ICECHIPresearcherswillanalyzehailstones’icelayerstodeterminethetemperatureandaltitude(海拔)atwhichtheyformed-and,inturn,thepathstheytookthroughstorms.(该项目将依靠新技术开展实验，例如高速摄像技术和移动雷达。研究人员还将使用气球将3D打印传感器送入风暴中，以模拟冰雹的运动轨迹。一组由24个地面传感器组成的设备，将每500分之一秒测量一次下落冰雹的能量，同时3D激光扫描仪将记录收集到的冰雹形状。回到实验室后，ICECHIP项目的研究人员将对冰雹的冰层进行分析，以确定它们形成时的温度和海拔——进而确定它们在风暴中经过的路径)”可知，该段主要介绍了ICECHIP项目的实验研究方法。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章首先介绍了冰雹在美国的影响以及相关研究的空白，随后重点介绍了ICECHIP项目的发起、研究方法和预期目标，核心围绕ICECHIP项目展开，因此最佳标题为“ICECHIP：一个有助于改进冰雹预测的项目”。故选C项。第二节七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。There’salottocopewithwhenyougoofftouniversity.____16____Formoststudents,acompletelynewenvironmentiswaitingtobeexplored.WerecentlydroveourdaughterEvie150milestostartlifeasafresher.Itwasastruggletofindthecarpark,letaloneexplorethehugecampus.Althoughweknewshehadflatmatesandphoneappstogethertofitin,thechallengeaheadwasclear—tofindherwayinanunfamiliarworld.____17____Inarecentstudy,volunteerswalkedaroundavirtualforestenvironment.Thensomeofthemtookthesamewalkagain,whileothersexploredadifferentforest.___18___Accordingtotheresearchers,thatwasbecauseexploringthenewenvironmentstimulatedtheirdopamine(多巴胺)system—settinguptheirbrainsformemorizingthings.Thus,theyscoredhigher.Soleavinghometostudymakesperfectsense.____19____Butwemayallbeabletogainsomeofthebenefits,evenifit’sjustbystimulatingoursensesandchallengingourthinkingskills.Herearethreethingstotry:◆Gosomewherenewtotackleanupcominglearningtask—likememorizingaspeechinthelibrary,orrevisingforanexaminapark—andtakeanunfamiliarroutetogetthere.◆____20____Towarmyourselfupforlearning,pictureacityyouknowwell,butimagineyou’retappedinapartofitthatyou’venevervisited.Thentrytovisualizeexactlyhowyou’llgetout.◆Playvideogamesthatgetyoumovingthroughnewlandscapes.Thenseewhetheritimprovesyoursuccesswithotherlearningtasks,likepractisingadanceormasteringphrasesforaforeigntrip.A.Getlostinyourimagination.B.Prepareyourselfforacitytour.C.Butexploringplacesassuchisbeneficialtomemory.D.Peopleprovetobemoreadaptableafternewexperience.E.Thelattergroupperformedbetterinmemorytestsstraightafter.F.Therearenewfriendstomeetandnewresponsibilitiestoaccept.G.Youngmindsseemtogainmostfrombeinginstrangesurroundings.【答案】16.F17.C18.E19.G20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己女儿的例子，表达了人们在一个陌生的新的环境中，应该勇于探索和尝试的观点，作者认为这会给人们带来好处，并给出了一些具体的做法和建议。【16题详析】根据上一句“There’salottocopewithwhenyougoofftouniversity.”（当你离开家去上大学时，有很多事情要处理。），选项F.Therearenewfriendstomeetandnewresponsibilitiestoaccept.（有新的朋友要认识，有新的责任要承担。）补充说明了离开家去上大学时会面对的情况，与上一句是并列递进关系，承接上文，衔接合理。故选F。【17题详析】根据前文“Itwasastruggletofindthecarpark,letaloneexplorethehugecampus.”（找到停车场都很困难，更不用说探索这个巨大的校园了。）和“Althoughweknewshehadflatmatesandphoneappstogethertofitin,thechallengeaheadwasclear—tofindherwayinanunfamiliarworld.”（虽然我们知道她有室友和手机应用程序让她适应环境，但前方的挑战很明显——在一个陌生的世界里找到自己的路。）可知，前文表达了目前主要的挑战是适应新环境，而不是探索校园；但根据第三段“Accordingtotheresearchers,thatwasbecauseexploringthenewenvironmentstimulatedtheirdopamine(多巴胺)system—settinguptheirbrainsformemorizingthings.”（根据研究人员的说法，这是因为探索新环境刺激了他们的多巴胺系统—建立他们的大脑来记忆东西。）可知，探索新环境对大脑记忆是有好处的，所以选项C.Butexploringplacesassuchisbeneficialtomemory.（但探索这样的地方对记忆是有益的。）与前文有转折关系，合理引出了下文，符合语境。故选C。【18题详析】根据上一句“Thensomeofthemtookthesamewalkagain,whileothersexploredadifferentforest”（于是，他们中的一些人又走了一次同样的路，而另一些人则探索了另一片不同的森林）可知，前组的成员走的老路，后组的成员探索了新路；结合下一句“Accordingtotheresearchers,thatwasbecauseexploringthenewenvironmentstimulatedtheirdopamine(多巴胺)system—settinguptheirbrainsformemorizingthings.Thus,theyscoredhigher.”（根据研究人员的说法，这是因为探索新环境刺激了他们的多巴胺系统—建立他们的大脑来记忆东西。因此，他们的得分更高。）可知，后组的成员在大脑记忆方面的测试得分更高，表现更好，与选项E.Thelattergroupperformedbetterinmemorytestsstraightafter.（后一组在接下来的记忆测试中表现更好。）句意相符，下一句是对选项E的具体解释。故选E。【19题详析】根据下一句“Butwemayallbeabletogainsomeofthebenefits,evenifit’sjustbystimulatingoursensesandchallengingourthinkingskills.”（但我们也许都能从中获益，即使只是通过刺激我们的感官和挑战我们的思维能力。）中的“But”和“all”和句意可知，空处应该是指某一部分人会从中获益，选项G.Youngmindsseemtogainmostfrombeinginstrangesurroundings.（年轻人似乎从陌生的环境中获益最多。）表达了这层含义，与下文衔接合理。故选G。【20题详析】空处为段落主题句，根据最后两段可知，应该为祈使句，故答案选自A或B；根据下一句“Towarmyourselfupforlearning,pictureacityyouknowwell,butimagineyou’retappedinapartofitthatyou’venevervisited.”（为了给自己的学习热身，想象一个你熟悉的城市，但想象你身处其中一个你从未去过的地方。）可知，本段主要讲述要善于想象；选项A.Getlostinyourimagination.（沉浸在你的想象中。）与其语意相符，符合语境。故选A。第三部分语言知识运用(共四节，满分50分)第一节完型填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihavealwaysenjoyedcoldclimatesandconnectingtotheenvironment.InNovember2023,IjoinedtheUKAntarcticHeritageTrust(英国南极遗产信托基金会),thecharitythatlooksafterBritishheritageinAntarctica,astheir____21____.I’mresponsibleforsortingthelettersthataresenthere,thesouthernmostpostofficeintheworld.____22____,Iobservetheenvironmentand____23____myneighbours,thepenguins(企鹅).Fiveofusnowsharetheislandwith1,000penguins,whoofcoursearegiven____24____.Theyhavetheirownpathstowalkdowntotheshore(岸边)andwegetusedtoslowingdown,alwayskeepingour____25____,andwaitingforthemtopass.Everytwodayswe____26____thenestsandeggs,andsendthatinformationtoBritishAntarcticSurvey.WhenwearrivedhereinNovember,thebasehadbeenshutforwinter,____27____whenwegotofftheship,wedug____28____throughsnowforhoursbeforewecouldopenthefrontdoor.____29____ourlivesheretakesalotofwork,aswe’vegotnorunningwater,noshowers,andthereisalotofsnow_____30_____.Asapostmaster,I’ve_____31_____20,000letterssofar,includingpostcardsfromstamp_____32_____.Theyrequestparticularpostmarksorstamps,andcanbevery_____33_____aboutwheretheywantthemplaced.Onourdaysoff,weenjoygoingonlongwalksaroundtheisland,takingmoretimeforallthe_____34_____things,suchasslightchangesintheweatherandtinygreenplants.SometimesIfeel_____35_____simplybylookingatthesunreflectedinthewater.21.A.reporter B.postmaster C.researcher D.explorer22.A.Inotherwords B.Inturn C.Inaddition D.Insummary23.A.keeptrackof B.guardagainst C.takecontrolof D.getholdof24.A.duties B.supplies C.preference D.treatment25.A.secrets B.balance C.word D.distance26.A.clean B.remove C.count D.replace27.A.so B.but C.because D.or28.A.easily B.breathlessly C.unwillingly D.separately29.A.Discovering B.Maintaining C.Escaping D.Enriching30.A.fighting B.remaining C.disappearing D.digging31.A.processed B.written C.delivered D.collected32.A.collectors B.sellers C.buyers D.makers33.A.hesitant B.curious C.anxious D.specific34.A.small B.obvious C.powerful D.important35.A.worried B.touched C.confused D.surprised【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D26.C27.A28.B29.B30.D31.A32.A33.D34.A35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者加入英国南极遗产信托基金会担任邮政局长的经历，描述了他在南极的生活状态、与企鹅的相处、工作环境以及日常活动。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2023年11月，我加入了英国南极遗产信托基金，这是一个照顾英国在南极洲遗产的慈善机构，担任邮政局长。A.reporter记者；B.postmaster邮政局长；C.researcher研究人员；D.explorer探险者。根据下文“Aspostmaster,I’ve________20,000letterssofar,includingpostcardsfromstamp________.”可知，作者在南极担当邮政局长。故选B。【22题详析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：此外，我还观察环境并追踪我的邻居——企鹅。A.Inotherwords换句话说；B.Inturn依次、反之；C.Inaddition此外；D.Insummary总而言之。空后“Iobservetheenvironmentand________myneighbours,thepenguins(企鹅).”是对上文“I’mresponsibleforsortingthelettersthataresenthere,thesouthernmostpostofficeintheworld.”的补充说明，都是作者的工作。故选C。【23题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：此外，我还观察环境并追踪我的邻居——企鹅。A.keeptrackof记录；B.guardagainst防止、防范；C.takecontrolof控制；D.getholdof抓住。根据下文“sendthatinformationtoBritishAntarcticSurvey.”可知，作者需要观察记录企鹅的状态。故选A。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我们五个人和1000只企鹅共享这座岛屿，当然企鹅们享有优先权。A.duties职责；B.supplies供应、补给；C.preference偏爱、优先；D.treatment对待、治疗。根据下文“Theyhavetheirownpathstowalkdowntotheshore(岸边)andwegetusedtoslowingdown,alwayskeepingour________,andwaitingforthemtopass.”可知，在南极，企鹅享有优先权。故选C。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们有自己通往海岸的小路，我们也习惯了放慢脚步，始终与它们保持距离，等待它们通过。A.secrets秘密；B.balance平衡；C.word词语；D.distance距离。根据上文的“slowingdown”以及空后的“waitingforthemtopass”可知，南极大陆上的企鹅享有特权，由此可知，人们需要保持和企鹅的距离，等待企鹅通过小路。故选D。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每两天我们数一次巢穴和蛋的数量，并将这些信息发送给英国南极考察处。A.clean清理；B.remove消除；C.count数数、重要的；D.replace取代。根据空后的“thenestsandeggs”以及上文提到的作者需要观察企鹅的情况可知，没两天作者需要数一次巢穴和蛋的数量。故选C。【27题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我们11月到达这里时，基地已经关闭过冬，所以当我们下船时，我们上气不接下气地在雪地里挖了几个小时，才打开前门。A.so因此；B.but但是；C.because因为；D.or否则。空前“WhenwearrivedhereinNovember,thebasehadbeenshutforwinter,”和“whenwegotofftheship,wedug________throughsnowforhoursbeforewecouldopenthefrontdoor.”可知，因为基地关闭过冬，所以作者他们需要挖雪从而打开前门，两句之间存在因果关系。故选A。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们11月到达这里时，基地已经关闭过冬，所以当我们下船时，我们上气不接下气地在雪地里挖了几个小时，才打开前门。A.easily轻易地；B.breathlessly气喘吁吁地；C.unwillingly不情愿地；D.separately分别地、分开地。根据空后的“forhours”以及常识可知，挖雪数小时后，人们会气喘吁吁。故选B。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：维持我们在这里的生活需要做很多工作，因为我们没有自来水，没有淋浴，而且有很多雪需要挖掘。A.Discovering发现；B.Maintaining维持；C.Escaping逃避；D.Enriching使富足、使丰富。根据下文“aswe’vegotnorunningwater,noshowers,andthereisalotofsnow________.”可知，空处指的是维持在基地的生活不轻松。故选B。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：维持我们在这里的生活需要做很多工作，因为我们没有自来水，没有淋浴，而且有很多雪需要挖掘。A.fighting打架、对抗；B.remaining仍然；C.disappearing消失；D.digging挖掘、探究。根据上文“wedug________throughsnowforhoursbeforewecouldopenthefrontdoor”以及常识可知，作者到达南极时已经是11月份，所以需要挖很多雪。故选D。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为邮政局长，到目前为止，我已经处理了2万封信，包括来自集邮者的明信片。A.processed加工、处理、前行；B.written写；C.delivered递送、发表；D.collected收集。根据下文“includingpostcardsfromstamp________.”以及作者是邮局局长可知，作者需要处理信件。故选A。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为邮政局长，到目前为止，我已经处理了2万封信，包括来自集邮者的明信片。A.collectors收集家；B.sellers卖家；C.buyers买家；D.makers制造商。根据下文“Theyrequestparticularpostmarksorstamps,andcanbevery________aboutwheretheywantthemplaced.”可知，有很多是来自集邮者的明信片。故选A。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们要求特定的邮戳或邮票，并且可以非常具体地说明他们想要放置的位置。A.hesitant迟疑的；B.curious好奇的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.specific明确的。根据上文“Theyrequestparticularpostmarksorstamps”可推测，这些集邮者要求很高，因此对于邮戳的位置等都有明确的要求。故选D。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在休息日，我们喜欢在岛上散步，花更多的时间去观察所有的小事情，比如天气的细微变化和微小的绿色植物。A.small小的；B.obvious明显的；C.powerful强大的；D.important重要的。根据空后的“suchasslightchangesintheweatherandtinygreenplants”可知，这些都是生活中的一些小事情。故选A。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时，仅仅是看着反射在水面上的太阳，我就会有所触动A.worried担忧的；B.touched感动的、有触动；C.confused困惑的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据上文内容可知，作者经常观察生活中的小事，由此可知，作者的感情非常细腻，即便是反射在水面的阳光也会让作者有所触动。故选B。第二节短文语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thepipaisafour-stringedChinesemusicalinstrument,____36____(belong)totheplucked(拨弦的)categoryofinstruments.SometimescalledtheChineselute,theinstrumenthas____37____uniquepear-shapedwoodenbodywithavaryingnumberoffrets(琴格)rangingfrom12to26.ThepipaisoneofthemostpopularChineseinstrumentsand____38____(play)foralmosttwothousandyearsinChina.InChina,plentyofmusicandstoriesareassociated____39____thisinstrument.Themostpopularoneisaboutabeauty____40____(call)WangZhaojun.ItissaidthatWangZhaojunbeganajourneynorthward____41____(marry)anomad(游牧民族)ruler.Sheleftherhometownonhorsebackonabrightautumnmorningandalongtheway,thehorseneighed(嘶鸣)makingZhaojun____42____(extreme)sadandunabletocontrolheremotions.Asshesatonthesaddle,shebegantoplaysorrowfulmelodiesonastringedinstrument.Agroupof____43____(bird)flyingsouthwardheardthemusic,sawthebeautifulyoungwomanridingthehorse,immediatelyforgottoflaptheirwings,____44____felltotheground.Fromthenon,Zhaojunacquiredthenickname“dropbirds”or“luoyan”.Later,themelody,____45____wasplayedonthesaddle,wasregardedasZhaojun’sLament(《昭君怨》)andthestringedinstrumentwascommonlydescribedasapipa.【答案】36.belonging37.a38.hasbeenplayed39.with40.called41.tomarry42.extremely43.birds44.and45.which【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种中国乐器——琵琶以及与之相关的王昭君的故事。【36题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：琵琶是中国的一种四弦乐器，属于弹拨类乐器。本句逗号前面是完整的主句，且无连词，因此，后半句为现在分词作状语。故填belonging。【37题详析】考查冠词。句意：这种乐器有时被称为中国琵琶，它有一个独特的梨形木制琴身，琴身上有12到26个不同的音。此处表示泛指，要用不定冠词。unique以辅音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。【38题详析】考查时态和语态。句意：琵琶是最受欢迎的中国乐器之一，在中国已经演奏了近两千年。根据时间状语“foralmosttwothousandyears(差不多两千年了)”可知，用现在完成时，此外，主语ThePipa与动词play之间为被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态。故填hasbeenplayed。【39题详析】考查介词。句意：在中国，很多音乐和故事都与这种乐器有关。beassociatedwith意为“与……有关”，为固定搭配。故填with。【40题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：最流行的一个是关于一个叫王昭君的美女。设空处应用过去分词作后置定语，修饰abeauty。故填called。【41题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说，王昭君开始北上，娶了一个游牧统治者。设空处应为不定式作目的状语，指“为了和一位游牧民族统治者结婚”。故填tomarry。【42题详析】考查副词。句意：在一个秋高气爽的早晨，她骑着马离开了家乡。一路上，马鸣声使昭君悲痛欲绝，无法控制自己的情绪。设空处应为副词修饰形容词sad。故填extremely。【43题详析】考查名词。句意：一群向南飞的鸟听到了音乐，看到了骑在马上的美丽的年轻女子，立即忘记了拍打翅膀，落在了地上。agroupof意为“一群”，故用可数名词的复数，bird的复数形式为birds。故填birds。【44题详析】考查连词。句意见上题解析。此句话中四个并列动词heard、saw、forgot和fell连用