福建福州市福九联盟2025-2026学年第二学期高三5月适应性练习英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建福州市福九联盟2025-2026学年第二学期高三5月适应性练习英语试题第一部分听力（共两节；每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段录音，每段录音后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inacafé. B.Inamuseum. C.Inthestreet.【答案】C【原文】M:Ithoughttheartmuseumwasrightbehindthisbookstore.W:Let’sgetacoffeesomewhereandstudythemapagain.M:Goodidea.2.Howdidthewomanfeelaboutthework?A.Boringbutsatisfying. B.Challengingbutrelaxing. C.Demandingbutrewarding.【答案】C【原文】W:Ivolunteeredtojoinateamclearingrubbishfromapark.Itwashardbutreallysatisfying.M:Good.Ibetitfeelsgoodtohelpoutlikethat.3.WhatisPeterplanningtodo?A.Buyahouse. B.Findaroommate. C.Advertisehisflat.【答案】B【原文】M:Doyouknowanyonewho’slookingforaflat?I’llneedsomeonetosharetherent.W:Notatthemoment,Peter.Whydon’tyouadvertise?M:Goodidea.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Collectingdata. B.Watchingaperformance. C.Fixingameetingtime.【答案】C【原文】M:OurgroupprojectisduenextMonday.ShallwemeetthisSaturday?W:Sure,butIhaveamorningperformance.Howabout2:00p.m.attheschoollibrary?M:Perfect!5.Whydoesthewomanrefusetheman’soffer?A.Itwillmakehermotherangry.B.Shehasbroughtherownlunch.C.Thesandwichisn’ttohertaste.【答案】C【原文】W:Iforgottobringmypackedlunch.Mymomwillbeannoyed.M:Youcansharemysandwich.It’scheeseandtomato.W:That’ssweetofyou,butIdon’treallycareforcheese.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Brotherandsister. C.Parentandchild.7.Whatdothespeakersstillneedtobuy?A.Agiftforthedog. B.Foodforthegathering. C.Decorationsforthedoor.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】M:ArewehostingyourparentsforSpringFestivalthisyearaswellasmine?W:Yes.I’mreallylookingforwardtothisgathering.M:Wehadbetterstartthinkingaboutwhattomakeforthemall.W:Don’tworry.Iwenttothesupermarketyesterdayandfoundalltheingredients.It’sallinhand.M:OK.Great.Shallwedecoratethehousethisweekend?W:Yes.Weneedtogetsomenewitemsfromtheshoptoputuponthedoorsincethedogbrokehalfofthem.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whydidthemanfailtoreceivetheletter?A.Theclinicforgottosendit.B.Itwassenttohisoldaddress.C.Herarelycheckedhismailbox.9.Whichdoctorwillthemansee?A.Dr.Black. B.Dr.Brown. C.Dr.Lee.10.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Updatingahomeaddress.B.Schedulingaphysicalexamination.C.Complainingaboutanappointment.【答案】8.B9.A10.B【原文】M:Hi,mynameisAlexBrown.Ithinkit’stimeformyannualcheck-up.IwasjustlookingtobookanappointmentwithDr.Lee.W:Sorry,Dr.Leeretiredtwomonthsago.Wesentoutaletter.M:Idon’trememberreceivingit,butImovedhouselastyear.Youmightnothavemynewaddress.It’snow56GrassLane.W:I’llgetthatupdated.Inthemeantime,Dr.Lee’spatientsweresharedbetweenDr.BrownandDr.Black.Icanbookyouinwithoneofthem.M:Okay,thatwouldbefine.W:Dr.Blackisfreethenextdayat10:00a.m.M:Thatwouldbegreat.Thanks.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.WhydidCaroleusesocialmediaforhergarden?A.Tostaymotivated. B.Tosharehergarden. C.Tosellplants.12.WhatdoesCaroledoeverySunday?A.Plantseeds. B.Recordhergarden. C.Chatwithherfollowers.13.WhatdoCarole’svideosprobablyshow?A.Thegardeningtips. B.Theplantgrowth. C.Theplantingexperience.【答案】11.A12.B13.B【原文】M:Yourgardenlooksgreat,Carole.EverytimeIpassby,Ican’thelpbutstopandtakealook.I’vealsobeenfollowingyourprogressonline.W:Thanks.IthoughtifIusedsocialmediatodocumenttheprogressofmygarden,itwouldencouragemetoputsomeeffortintoit.M:Well,itworked.Howoftendoyoupost?W:ItakephotoseverySunday,fromplantingseedstowhentheystartproducingflowers.ThenIsharethemonline.IstartedinMarch,soI’vebeendoingitforfivemonthsnow.M:Doyouonlypostpictures?W:Mostlyphotos,butI’vestartedaddingsomevideos.It’sfascinatingtowatchtheplantsgrowquicklyinjustafewseconds.M:Great.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.WhatdidthewomandoonherwaytoLondon?A.Catchuponsleep. B.Reviewherspeech. C.Attendanonlinemeeting.15.Whoisthewomanprobably?A.Areporter. B.Anofficial. C.Aspecialist.16.Whatwasthetopicofthemeeting?A.Wastecontrol. B.Cityplanning. C.Transportmanagement.【答案】14.B15.C16.A【原文】M:DidyouhaveagoodtriptoLondon?W:Yes!Itookthetrainthistime.Theviewsalongthewaywerebeautiful.M:That’sgreat!IusuallygotoLondonbytraintoseemyuncle,butIalwayscatchuponmysleeponthetrain.W:Ha-ha.Takingthetraingavemetimetoreviewmypresentation,whichwasgreat.M:So,itwasaworktripforyou?W:Yes.Iattendedameetingonenvironmentalpolicies.M:Cool.Weretheremanygovernmentofficials?W:Afew.Mostpeopletherewereexpertsfromdifferentfields,andIwasoneofthem,workinginenvironmentalprotection.Wediscussedstrategiesforreducingwasteincities.Theplacewasalsofullofreporters.M:Well,thathelpstogetyourmessageout.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Howlongwillthewholetriplast?A.8hours. B.10hours. C.15hours.18.WhatwillkidsdoinHydePark?A.Seefamousbuildingsfaraway.B.Takecoachridesalltheway.C.Explorethecreaturesnearby.19.Whatarethevolunteersresponsibleforduringthetrip?A.Ensuringkids’safety.B.Callingemergencyservices.C.Preparingcomfortableshoesforkids.20.Whatdoweknowaboutthetrip?A.Itallowsonlineregistration.B.Itprovidesawalk-freeexperience.C.Itbringsrelaxationandknowledge.【答案】17.B18.A19.A20.C【原文】Weareexcitedtoannouncetoallparentsthatthecommunityisorganizingafreetripforyourchildren.ThetripwilltakeplaceonWednesday,June15.Wewillleavefromthecommunitycenterat8:00a.m.andreturnby6:00p.m.ThemaineventofthetripisavisittotheNaturalHistoryMuseum.Participantswillexplorethedinosaurexhibitandlearnaboutancientcreatures.Afterthat,wewillhaveapicnicinHydePark,whereeveryonecanrelaxandenjoytheirlunch.Then,therewillbeashortwalkaroundthepark,andchildrencanspotfamouslandmarkslikeBuckinghamPalaceinthedistance.Wewilltakeacoachforalltravelduringtheday,andeverychildwillneedtowearcomfortableshoesastherewillbesomewalkinginvolved.Throughoutthetrip,volunteerswillbepresenttowatchoverthechildrenandhandleanyemergenciesthatmayarise.ParentswhowanttheirchildrentojoinshouldregisteratourcommunitycenterbyJune8.Welookforwardtoafunandeducationalday.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASomewherebetween5%and7%ofU.S.householdshaverooftopsolarpanels.ManymoreAmericanswouldliketoinstall(安装)them,buttheobstaclesremain,includingunsuitablebuildingconditions,restrictionsfromlandlords,andespeciallyhighcosts.Asaresult,manyhouseholdshaveturnedtoplug-insolarsystemsasasimpleralternative.●IntroductionPlug-insolarsystems,knownasbalconysolarsystems,generateelectricityfromsunlightwithouttheneedforcomplexorexpensiveinstallation.Small-scaleplug-insystemscanbeplacedonabalcony,inthefrontorbackyard,oronaroofdeck.●AdoptionintheU.S.Plug-insolarsystemshavenotyetbeenwidelyadoptedacrosstheU.S.largelybecausemanystatesstillhaveunnecessaryinterconnectionregulations.Utahwasthefirststatetopassalawreducingsuchrestrictionsandmakingplug-insystemseasierforconsumerstouse.●CostsandbenefitsAlthoughplug-insolarsystemscannotpoweranentirehome,theycanprovideelectricityforbasichouseholdappliances.Addingbatterystoragetoplug-insolarsystemscanalsohelphouseholdsstoreextraenergygeneratedduringthedayanduseitatnight,furtherreducingtheirelectricitybills.Thecostofinstallingthesystemcanoftenbepaidbackovertimethroughlowerelectricitybills.CityAnnualcostreductionPaybackperiodminimumPaybackperiodmaximumBoulder,Colorado$2066.8years9.8yearsChicago$1608.7years12.7yearsPhoenix$2156.5years9.4yearsSanFrancisco$5232.7years3.9years21.WhatmainlylimitsthepopularityofrooftopsolarpanelsintheU.S.?A.Technicalchallenges. B.Financialburden.C.Landlords’resistance. D.Buildinglimitations.22.Whatisanadvantageofplug-insolarsystems?A.Convenientinstallation. B.Largebatterystorage.C.Massivepoweroutput. D.User-friendlyoperation.23.Howmuchmayitcosttoinstallaplug-insolarsystem?A.$900. B.$1800. C.$2700. D.$3600.【答案】21.B22.A23.B【语篇解读】美国屋顶太阳能因造价高普及有限，插入式太阳能安装简易、可节省电费，各地回本周期不同，成为民众优选方案。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“ManymoreAmericanswouldliketoinstall(安装)them,buttheobstaclesremain,includingunsuitablebuildingconditions,restrictionsfromlandlords,andespeciallyhighcosts.(更多的美国人希望能够安装这些设备，但障碍依然存在，包括建筑物条件不适合、房东的限制以及高昂的费用等)”可知，在美国，屋顶太阳能电池板普及程度较低的主要原因是经济负担。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据Introduction部分“Plug-insolarsystems,knownasbalconysolarsystems,generateelectricityfromsunlightwithouttheneedforcomplexorexpensiveinstallation.(插入式太阳能系统，即所谓的阳台太阳能系统，能够利用阳光发电，且无需复杂的安装过程或高昂的费用)”可知，插入式太阳能系统安装方便。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据表格内容以旧金山年省523美元、最短回本2.7年：$523×2.7≈1412；最长3.9×523≈2039，数值落在1800区间，可知，安装一套插入式太阳能系统大概需要1800美元。BAndréaSperanzawantedtobeafirefighterlongbeforeshehadtherightwordforherwish.Afteronechildhoodadventureataconstructionsiteendedwithanironnailstuckinherlegandanemergencycalltothefiredepartment,shefoundherselfinawe.“Astheygavemethemedicaltreatment,Ithoughttheycouldhelpeverybody,”saysthenow52-year-old.In2000,AndréaSperanzaachievedherdreamofbecomingafirefighter,joiningtheHalifaxRegionalFireService.Herjobwasexactlyassatisfyingassheimagineditwouldbe,exceptforonething:shestillhadn’tseenanotherwomaninherrole—notinmagazines,ontelevision,orinreallife.Speranzadecidedthatshewantedtochangethesituationbyhelpingyoungwomentoseethatthey,too,couldhaveacareerlikehers.TheresultwasCampCourage,aprogramforgirlsaged15to19whowanttolearnmoreaboutfirefighting.In2006,Speranzaandabout20volunteerswelcomedtheirfirst17participants,attractingattendeesthroughadvertisinginschools.Overthecourseofeightdays,thegirlslearnedhowtoputoutfires,deliverfirstaidandevenusethejawsoflifeinacar.CampCouragenowrunsonesessioneveryyearinHalifaxandisfreetoattend.Tooffsetcosts,Speranzaandherfellowcampersfundraisebyholdingeverythingfromcarwashestocomedynights.Hopefulcampersmustalsosubmitanessaydescribinghowtohelptheircommunity,oraspecificindividualinneed.Andtheyhavetodeliverontheirplan—frombuildingabenchforasenioratabusstoptolaunchingalocalchapteroftheKidsHelpPhone.HundredsofgirlshavepassedthroughCampCourage,and36percentaredoingexactlywhat52-year-oldSperanzahopedtheywould:workingasfirstrespondersacrossthecountry.24.WhatmotivatedSperanzatostartCampCourage?A.Painofchildhoodinjury. B.Herdesiretopromotefirefighting.C.Lackoffemalefirefighters. D.Herdecisiontobecomeafirefighter.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offset”probablymeaninparagraph4?A.Keeptrackof. B.Cutdownon. C.Takechargeof. D.Makeupfor.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSperanza?A.Humorousandstrict. B.Creativeandmodest.C.Responsibleandinfluential. D.Ambitiousandcautious.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AProgramTrainingFutureResponders. B.AJourneyofChildhoodDreamRealization.C.APioneerofGenderEqualityinFirefighting. D.AWomanFirefighterInspiringFutureResponders.【答案】24.C25.D26.C27.D【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了女消防员Speranza因行业鲜有女性，创办免费勇气训练营，培训女孩消防技能，不少学员日后成为应急从业者，实现了她的初衷。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Herjobwasexactlyassatisfyingassheimagineditwouldbe,exceptforonething:shestillhadn’tseenanotherwomaninherrole—notinmagazines,ontelevision,orinreallife.Speranzadecidedthatshewantedtochangethesituationbyhelpingyoungwomentoseethatthey,too,couldhaveacareerlikehers.(她的工作完全符合她当初的预期，令人十分满意，只是有一点例外：她仍未见过其他女性从事与她相同的工作——无论是出现在杂志上、电视节目中，还是在现实生活中。斯佩兰扎决定要改变这种状况，她想要帮助年轻女性认识到，她们也能够拥有像她那样的职业)”可知，女性消防员的缺乏促使斯佩兰扎创办了“勇气营”。【25题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“CampCouragenowrunsonesessioneveryyearinHalifaxandisfreetoattend.(“勇气营”现在每年在哈利法克斯举办一次，免费参加。)”后文“Speranzaandherfellowcampersfundraisebyholdingeverythingfromcarwashestocomedynights(斯佩兰扎和其他营员通过举办各种活动来筹集资金，比如洗车活动、喜剧之夜等)”可知，参加“勇气营”是免费的，举办活动是为了填补运营产生的成本。故划线词意思是“弥补”。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Speranzadecidedthatshewantedtochangethesituationbyhelpingyoungwomentoseethatthey,too,couldhaveacareerlikehers.(斯佩兰扎决定要通过帮助年轻女性认识到她们也能拥有和她一样的职业来改变这种状况)”以及最后一段“HundredsofgirlshavepassedthroughCampCourage,and36percentaredoingexactlywhat52-year-oldSperanzahopedtheywould:workingasfirstrespondersacrossthecountry.(数百名女孩曾参加过“勇气营”，其中36%的人正在做着52岁的斯佩兰扎所期望她们能做的事情：在全国各地担任急救人员)”可知，斯佩兰扎责任心强且有影响力。【27题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“In2000,AndréaSperanzaachievedherdreamofbecomingafirefighter,joiningtheHalifaxRegionalFireService.Herjobwasexactlyassatisfyingassheimagineditwouldbe,exceptforonething:shestillhadn’tseenanotherwomaninherrole—notinmagazines,ontelevision,orinreallife.Speranzadecidedthatshewantedtochangethesituationbyhelpingyoungwomentoseethatthey,too,couldhaveacareerlikehers.(2000年，安德里亚·斯佩兰扎实现了成为消防员的梦想，加入了哈利法克斯地区消防局。她的工作正如她所想象的那样令人满意，只是有一点不同：她仍未见过其他女性从事与她相同的工作——无论是从杂志上、电视上，还是在现实生活中。斯佩兰扎决定要改变这种状况，帮助年轻女性认识到她们也能拥有和她一样的职业)”结合文章主要说明了女消防员Speranza因行业鲜有女性，创办免费勇气训练营，培训女孩消防技能，不少学员日后成为应急从业者，实现了她的初衷。可知，D选项“一位激励未来救援人员的女消防员”最符合文章标题。CAnewstudyshowsthatlargelanguagemodelsfedadietofpopularbutlow-qualitysocialmediacontentexperienceakindof“brainrot”,suchasreducedreasoningabilitiesanddegradedmemory—symptomsfamiliartoanyonespendingtoomuchtimestaringatscreensandlookingthroughmeaninglessinformationonsocialmedia.“Weliveinanagewhenmuchinformationisengineeredtocaptureclicks,notconveytruthordepth,”saysJunyuanHong,aprofessorattheNationalUniversityofSingaporewhoworkedonthestudy.“Wewondered:WhatwillhappenwhenAImodelsaretrainedwiththesamestuff?”Hongandhiscolleaguesfeddifferentkindsoftexttotwoopensourcelargelanguagemodelsinpretraining.Theyexaminedwhathappenedwhenthemodelswerefedamixofhighly“engaging,”orwidelyshared,socialmediapostsandonesthatcontainedstrikingorhyped(炒作的)textlike“wow,”or“todayonly.”Thentheyusedseveraldifferentstandardstoevaluatetheimpactofthis“junk”socialmediadietontwoopensourcemodels:Meta’sLlamaandAlibaba’sQwen.ThemodelsfedjunktextexperiencedakindofAIbrainrot.TheresultsareimportantfortheAIindustry,Hongsays,becausemodel-buildersmightassumethatsocialmediapostsareagoodsourceoftrainingdatafortheirmodels.Thesefindingsmirrorresearchonhumansubjects,whichshowsthatlow-qualityonlinecontenthasaharmfuleffectonpeople’scognitiveabilities.Thewidespreadofthephenomenonwitnessed“brainrot”namedastheOxfordDictionarywordoftheyear2024.Theresearchersalsofoundthatmodelsdamagedbylow-qualitycontentcouldnoteasilybeimprovedthroughretraining.“AsmoreAI-generatedjunkspreadsacrosssocialmedia,itinfluencestheverydatafuturemodelswilllearnfrom,”Hongsays.“Ourfindingsshowthatoncethiskindof‘brainrot’setsin,subsequentcleantrainingcannotcompletelyremoveitsbadinfluence.”28.Whatdoes“brainrot”refertoinparagraph1?A.Asymptomofscreenaddiction. B.Atrendindigitalentertainment.C.Adeclineinmentalcapabilities. D.Aspreadofmeaninglessinformation.29.Whatisthepurposeofthisstudy?A.Tocomparetwomodels’abilitytowritetext.B.Tosetnewstandardsforregulatingonlinecontent.C.ToexplorewaystohelpAIcaptureinternetclicks.D.Toassesstheeffectoflow-qualityinputonAI.30.WhatdoHong’sresearchfindingssuggest?A.AIbrainrotcanhardlybeeliminatedlater.B.RetrainingAIcanfullyrepairitsformerdamage.C.FutureAImodelswillavoidAI-generatedjunk.D.SocialmediapostsmisleadAImodeltraining.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowards“brainrot”?A.Concerned. B.Dismissive. C.Neutral. D.Favorable.【答案】28.C29.D30.A31.A【语篇解读】这篇文章主要介绍了研究发现劣质社交媒体文本会造成AI脑功能退化，这类损伤难以通过再训练消除，还会持续污染后续AI训练数据。【28题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Anewstudyshowsthatlargelanguagemodelsfedadietofpopularbutlow-qualitysocialmediacontentexperienceakindof“brainrot”,suchasreducedreasoningabilitiesanddegradedmemory—symptomsfamiliartoanyonespendingtoomuchtimestaringatscreensandlookingthroughmeaninglessinformationonsocialmedia.(一项新的研究表明，那些被喂食了受欢迎但质量低劣的社交媒体内容的大型语言模型会出现一种“脑腐”的现象，比如推理能力下降和记忆力衰退——这些症状对于那些长时间盯着屏幕、浏览社交媒体上毫无意义信息的人来说再熟悉不过了。)”可知，第一段中的“脑腐”指的是认知能力的下降。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中““Wewondered:WhatwillhappenwhenAImodelsaretrainedwiththesamestuff?”(“我们想知道：当人工智能模型接受同样的内容训练时，会发生什么？”)”以及第三段中“Thentheyusedseveraldifferentstandardstoevaluatetheimpactofthis“junk”socialmediadietontwoopensourcemodels:Meta’sLlamaandAlibaba’sQwen.(然后，他们使用了几种不同的标准来评估这种“垃圾”社交媒体饮食对两个开源模型的影响：Meta的Llama和阿里巴巴的千问。)”可推知，这项研究的目的是评估低质量输入对人工智能的影响。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中““Ourfindingsshowthatoncethiskindof‘brainrot’setsin,subsequentcleantrainingcannotcompletelyremoveitsbadinfluence.”(“我们的研究结果表明，一旦这种‘脑腐’现象出现，后续的清洁训练也无法完全消除其不良影响。”)”可知，洪的研究结果表明了人工智能大脑退化现象很难在之后得到消除。【31题详析】推理判断题。通读全文以及第四段中“Thesefindingsmirrorresearchonhumansubjects,whichshowsthatlow-qualityonlinecontenthasaharmfuleffectonpeople’scognitiveabilities.Thewidespreadofthephenomenonwitnessed“brainrot”namedastheOxfordDictionarywordoftheyear2024.(这些发现与对人类研究对象的研究结果相吻合，后者表明低质量的网络内容会对人们的认知能力产生有害影响。这种现象的广泛出现使得“脑腐”一词被选为2024年《牛津词典》的年度词汇。)”和最后一段“Theresearchersalsofoundthatmodelsdamagedbylow-qualitycontentcouldnoteasilybeimprovedthroughretraining.“AsmoreAI-generatedjunkspreadsacrosssocialmedia,itinfluencestheverydatafuturemodelswilllearnfrom,”Hongsays.“Ourfindingsshowthatoncethiskindof‘brainrot’setsin,subsequentcleantrainingcannotcompletelyremoveitsbadinfluence.”(研究人员还发现，被低质量内容损坏的模型不容易通过再训练来改进。洪说：“随着越来越多的人工智能垃圾在社交媒体上传播，它会影响未来模型将从中学习的数据。我们的研究结果表明，一旦这种‘脑腐’现象出现，后续的清洁训练也无法完全消除其不良影响。”)”可知，作者在文中客观呈现了研究结果，但字里行间透露出对“AI脑腐”现象的担忧：低质量内容会损害AI的认知能力，且这种损害难以逆转；更严重的是，AI生成的垃圾会进一步污染未来的训练数据，形成恶性循环。全文基调是警示性的，因此作者的态度是担忧的。DSynthetic(合成的)materialsarewidelyusedacrossvariousfields,butmostaredesignedtoperformonlyanarrowrangeoftasks.LedbyHongtaoSun,assistantprofessoratPennState,aresearchteamsetouttochangethatbydevelopinganewtechniqueproducingmultifunctional“smartsyntheticskin.”Octopuses(章鱼)canrapidlyalterthelookandsurfaceoftheirskin,whichisacapabilityscientistshavelongtriedtocopyinman-madematerials.Theseanimalsusesuchchangestointegrateintotheirsurroundingsorcommunicatewithoneanother.Sunnotedthatthecreatureinspiredthemtodevelopasoftsyntheticmaterialwithsimilarfeaturesthroughhalftone-encoded4Dprintingtechnology.Torealizethisidea,theteamtransformedimageinformationanddatacollectedfromoctopusesintodigitalcodes.Byputtingthedigitalinstructionsintothehydrogel(水凝胶)film,researcherscouldcontrolhowtheencodedmaterialchangeditsshapeinresponsetodifferentconditions.This4Dprintingtechnologyfinallyledtothebirthofaprogrammablesmartskinwithvariousfunctions.Oneeye-catchingfeatureofthematerialisitsabilitytohideandrevealvisualinformation.Todemonstratethis,theteamputanimageoftheMonaLisaintothefilm.Itshowednovisibleimageatfirst.Butwhenthefilmwasplacedintoicewaterorgraduallyheated,thehiddenimagebecameclear.Besidesvisualswitching,thesmartskinalsoboastsimpressiveshape-changingperformance.TheteammadeflatfilmswiththeMonaLisaimagethatcouldlaterturnintothree-dimensionalforms.Asthefilmscurved,thehiddenimageslowlyappeared,showingthatchangesinshapeandvisualappearancecouldoccuratthesametimewithinonematerial.“Thisinterdisciplinaryresearchattheintersectionofintelligentmaterialsandmechanicsopensnewopportunitieswithbroadimplicationsforvariousfieldslikesoftroboticsandbiomedicaldevices,”Sunsaid.Althoughithasnotyetreachedthemarketonalargescale,itholdsgreatpromiseforfutureapplications.32.Whatinspirationdidoctopusesoffertheresearchers?A.Flexibleoutersurfacestructure. B.Uniquephysicalappearance.C.Adaptiveskin-changingability. D.Mutualcommunicationskills.33.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Researchtools. B.Researchprocess.C.Designconcept. D.Practicalapplication.34.WhydidtheresearchersusetheMonaLisaimageintheexperiments?A.Todemonstratetheeffectof3Dforms. B.Totestthepropertiesofthesmartskin.C.Toevaluatetheartisticvalueoftheimage. D.Tohighlightthedifferencesoftwofeatures.35.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheresearchaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Itmightrevolutionizesmartdevices. B.Itmaydominatethematerialsmarket.C.Itcouldfacilitatemechanicaldevelopment. D.Itwilldriveprogressacrossmultiplefields.【答案】32.C33.B34.B35.D【语篇解读】文章讲述了科研团队受章鱼皮肤形变启发，借助4D打印研制智能人造表皮，可切换图案、变换形态，虽未量产，但有望在多领域广泛应用。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Octopuses(章鱼)canrapidlyalterthelookandsurfaceoftheirskin,whichisacapabilityscientistshavelongtriedtocopyinman-madematerials.Theseanimalsusesuchchangestointegrateintotheirsurroundingsorcommunicatewithoneanother.Sunnotedthatthecreatureinspiredthemtodevelopasoftsyntheticmaterialwithsimilarfeaturesthroughhalftone-encoded4Dprintingtechnology.(章鱼能够迅速改变其皮肤的外观和表面纹理，这一能力长期以来一直是科学家们努力模仿的对象。这些生物利用这种变化来融入周围环境或进行彼此之间的交流。Sun指出，这种生物启发他们利用半色调编码的4D打印技术开发出一种具有类似特性的柔软合成材料)”可知，章鱼启发了研究人员自适应的皮肤变形能力。【33题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Torealizethisidea,theteamtransformedimageinformationanddatacollectedfromoctopusesintodigitalcodes.Byputtingthedigitalinstructionsintothehydrogel(水凝胶)film,researcherscouldcontrolhowtheencodedmaterialchangeditsshapeinresponsetodifferentconditions.This4Dprintingtechnologyfinallyledtothebirthofaprogrammablesmartskinwithvariousfunctions.(为了实现这一想法，研究团队将章鱼的图像信息和收集到的数据转化为数字代码。将这些数字指令放入水凝胶薄膜中后，研究人员能够控制编码材料如何根据不同条件改变其形状。这种4D打印技术最终造就了具有多种功能的可编程智能皮肤)”可知，第三段主要讲的是研究过程。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Oneeye-catchingfeatureofthematerialisitsabilitytohideandrevealvisualinformation.Todemonstratethis,theteamputanimageoftheMonaLisaintothefilm.(这种材料的一个显著特点在于其能够隐藏和展示视觉信息。为了展示这一点，研究团队将蒙娜丽莎的画像融入到了薄膜中)”可知，研究人员在实验中使用《蒙娜丽莎》的图像是为了测试智能皮肤的性能。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thisinterdisciplinaryresearchattheintersectionofintelligentmaterialsandmechanicsopensnewopportunitieswithbroadimplicationsforvariousfieldslikesoftroboticsandbiomedicaldevices(这一融合了智能材料与力学的跨学科研究为众多领域带来了新的机遇，其影响范围广泛，涵盖诸如软体机器人和生物医学设备等领域)”可知，研究将推动多个领域的进步。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Moststudents,despiteageorbackground,trulyenjoyparticipatinginart.Theattractiveaspectsofartkeepusfocused.Usingartintheclassroomisnodifferent.Studentswhoparticipateinartstrengthentheirfocusskills.____36____Forvisualart,thatproblemmaybedecidingwhicharttoolsormaterialswillcreatethepictureintheirminds.Forperformanceart,studentsmayneedprecisetimetoremindthem.Regardlessoftheartmedium,studentsmustkeepupwithwhatishappeninginordertosuccessfullycompletetheirwork.Studentsfindartasawayofself-expressionandcreativity.Therearenolimitstoart.Studentscancreatewhatevertheywantwiththeirimagination.____37____Eventheshyeststudentscanexpressthemselvesthroughart.Increasedparticipationandmotivationmeanincreaseddeterminationandperseverance.Whenstudentsstartanartproject,theyaremoredeterminedtoseeitcompleted.Mostprimaryteacherscanprovethefactthatmanystudentsarenothappywhentheirworkofartisinterruptedbeforeithasbeencompleted.____38____Thedevelopmentofself-expressionandcreativity,freefromjudgement,increasesstudents’confidence!____39____Studentsdevelopagreatersenseofselfbyexpressingthemselvesopenlyandintheirownway.Itisalsoquiterewardingforstudentstosharetheirartwithothersanddeveloptheirinterpersonalskills.____40____Participationinartishighlybeneficialtostudents’performanceintheclassroom.Artrequirestheuseofmanypartsofthebrain,thus,providingbetteroverallbrainusageinstudents.A.Artcanmakestudentssmarter.B.Studentscolorfullywriteouttheword.C.Iftheycanpictureit,theycancreateit.D.Therearenorightorwrongwaystocreateart.E.Studentsmustconcentrateontheproblemathand.F.Teachersshouldcombineartwithlearningmorecarefully.G.Studentswishtorealizetheirideasthroughartwithoutbreak.【答案】36.E37.C38.G39.D40.A【语篇解读】这篇文章主要介绍了课堂艺术活动可锻炼专注力、创造力与毅力，增强自信心，调动大脑多处机能，全方位助力学生成长与学业提升。【36题详析】上文“Studentswhoparticipateinartstrengthentheirfocusskills.(参与艺术活动的学生能够增强他们的专注力。)”提到“艺术能提升学生的专注力”。下文“Forvisualart,thatproblemmaybedecidingwhicharttoolsormaterialswillcreatethepictureintheirminds.(对于视觉艺术而言，这个问题可能在于决定使用哪些艺术工具或材料才能在脑海中呈现出想要的画面。)”紧接着出现指代性短语thatproblem，并分别举例视觉艺术和表演艺术中学生需要解决的具体问题。E选项“Studentsmustconcentrateontheproblemathand.(学生必须专注于手头的问题。)”完美衔接前后文：既呼应了段首的“focusskills（专注力）”，又为后文的“thatproblem”提供了指代对象，形成“总论点→分论点→举例论证”的完整逻辑。【37题详析】上文“Studentscancreatewhatevertheywantwiththeirimagination.(学生们可以用自己的想象力创造出任何他们想要的东西。)”说“学生可以用想象力创造任何东西”，下文“Eventheshyeststudentscanexpressthemselvesthroughart.(甚至最害羞的学生也能通过艺术来表达自己。)”说“即使最害羞的学生也能通过艺术表达自己”。C选项“Iftheycanpictureit,theycancreateit.(如果他们能够想象出它，他们就能创造出它。)”是对前文“imagination（想象力）”的直接延伸和强化，用简洁的句式点明了“想象力→创造力”的转化关系，自然过渡到后文“人人都能通过艺术表达”的观点。【38题详析】上文“Mostprimaryteacherscanprovethefactthatmanyst