2025-2026年江苏省部编版高二英语下册第11章同步练习题

2025-2026年江苏省部编版高二英语下册第11章同步练习题一、单选题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.AccordingtothepassageinUnit11,whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Topersuadereaderstoadoptavegetariandietimmediatelybypresentingshockingfactsaboutanimalfarming.B.Toinformreadersabouttheenvironmentalimpactofmeatproductionwhilesuggestinggradualchanges.C.Toentertainreaderswithhumorousanecdotesaboutveganactivistsandtheirstruggles.D.Tocomparethenutritionalvaluesofplant-basedfoodsandmeatproductsinascientificmanner.解析：本题考查文章主旨理解。根据第11章文本分析，文章通过数据和环境问题客观阐述肉食生产的危害，同时提出“逐步改变”建议，符合B选项的描述。A选项“立即改变”与文意不符；C选项“娱乐性”与文本严肃性矛盾；D选项“营养对比”非文章核心。干扰项设计围绕“极端观点”“娱乐性”“科学对比”等常见误区，选项分布均匀，B选项为正确答案。2.TheauthorofUnit11'sreadingpassagelikelyholdswhichattitudetowardthemeatindustry?A.Indifference—believingthatconsumerchoicesshouldremainunchanged.B.Sympathy—feelingpityforfarmerswhorelyonmeatproduction.C.Cynicism—thinkingtheindustrywillneverchangedespiteevidence.D.Concern—recognizingitsnegativeeffectsandadvocatingforalternatives.解析：本题考查作者态度判断。文本通过“污染”“资源浪费”等负面词汇暗示作者立场，结尾呼吁“选择更可持续的饮食方式”进一步印证。A选项“冷漠”与文风矛盾；B选项“同情”忽略问题本质；C选项“悲观”与文末希望不符。干扰项通过“情感倾向”“行业特殊性”等角度迷惑考生，D选项为正确答案。3.IntheUnit11grammarsection,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoice?A.Thenewpolicywillbediscussedbythecommitteenextweek.B.Wehopethatoureffortswillberecognizedbytheschool.C.Manystudentsweregiventheopportunitytoimprovetheirspeakingskillsbytheteacher.D.Thedecisionmustbemadebyeveryoneintheclass.解析：本题考查语法应用。A选项“willbediscussed”符合被动结构；B选项“willberecognized”语法正确但非被动；C选项“weregiven”为被动，但“bytheteacher”多余；D选项“mustbemade”为被动，但“byeveryone”不必要。干扰项通过“情态动词”“冗余成分”等易错点设计，A选项为唯一正确答案。4.Thevocabularyword"sustainable"inUnit11isbestdefinedas:A.Short-termandeasilyachievable.B.Environmentallyfriendlyandlong-lasting.C.Expensiveandonlyavailabletowealthyconsumers.D.Widelypracticedbutwithminordrawbacks.解析：本题考查词汇理解。根据第11章单元词汇表，“sustainable”强调“可持续性”，与“environmentallyfriendly”“long-lasting”语义一致。A选项“短期”与定义矛盾；C选项“昂贵”无依据；D选项“轻微缺陷”与“sustainable”的完美属性冲突。干扰项通过“反义干扰”“无中生有”等设计，B选项为正确答案。5.WhichsentencefromUnit11'swritingtaskwouldbemostappropriateforaconcludingparagraph?A."Inconclusion,peopleshouldeatmorevegetablesbecauseitishealthy."B."Tosumup,vegetariandietsarebetterthanmeatdietsbecausescienceprovesit."C."Therefore,weshouldalltrytoreducemeatconsumptionfortheplanet."D."Asafinalthought,thegovernmentshouldbanallmeatproductsimmediately."解析：本题考查写作技巧。C选项“Therefore”引导结论，“reducemeatconsumption”“fortheplanet”符合单元主题，语气客观且具有呼吁性。A选项“becauseitishealthy”过于简单；B选项“scienceprovesit”绝对化；D选项“banimmediately”极端化。干扰项通过“结论句式”“论证强度”等角度迷惑，C选项为最佳答案。6.Thephrase"agrowingconcern"inUnit11'sreadingpassagemostlikelymeans:A.Aproblemthatisbecominglessimportantovertime.B.Anissuethatisincreasinglybeingdiscussedbythepublic.C.Aworrythatonlyaffectsasmallnumberofpeople.D.Adangerthatwilldisappearifignored.解析：本题考查短语理解。根据单元语法“growing+adj.”结构，“concern”指“担忧”，结合上下文推断为“公众日益关注的问题”。A选项“重要性下降”与“growing”矛盾；C选项“少数人”与“growing”范围不符；D选项“可忽视”与“concern”的严重性冲突。干扰项通过“反义替换”“范围缩小”等设计，B选项为正确答案。7.WhichofthefollowingisagrammaticalerrorintheUnit11writingexercise?A."IfIwereavegetarian,Iwouldeatmorefruitsandvegetables."B."Althoughitisexpensive,Iwillcontinuetobuyorganicfood."C."Thestudentswhostudyhardwillpasstheexam."D."Shedoesn'tlikemeat,butsheeatsfishsometimes."解析：本题考查语法辨析。C选项“whostudyhard”主谓不一致，应为“whostudy”或“thatstudy”。A选项虚拟语气正确；B选项让步状语从句正确；D选项并列结构正确。干扰项通过“虚拟语气”“从句结构”“并列关系”等易错点设计，C选项为唯一错误项。8.Theidiom"putthecartbeforethehorse"inUnit11'sreadingpassagewouldbestbereplacedby:A."todothingsintherightorder."B."tobeverycarefulaboutmakingdecisions."C."towastetimeonunnecessarydetails."D."toignoreimportantproblemstofocusonsmallones."解析：本题考查习语理解。“putthecartbeforethehorse”意为“本末倒置”，与A选项“顺序错误”语义一致。B选项“谨慎”无关；C选项“细节浪费”与“cart/horse”比喻无关；D选项“问题忽视”与“顺序”无关。干扰项通过“近义词混淆”“无关概念”等设计，A选项为正确答案。9.TheUnit11grammarsectionexplainsthat"usedto+verb"expresses:A.Presenthabitsthatstartedinthepast.B.Pastactionsthatarenolongertrue.C.Futureplansthatarecertaintohappen.D.Abilitiesthatsomeonecurrentlyhas.解析：本题考查语法概念。根据单元语法，“usedto”表示“过去习惯但现在不再”，符合B选项描述。A选项“现在习惯”应为“beusedtodoing”；C选项“未来计划”应为“willdo”；D选项“能力”应为“cando”。干扰项通过“时态混淆”“固定搭配”等设计，B选项为正确答案。10.ThereadingpassageinUnit11mentionsthat"manypeoplearebecomingvegetarianbecauseofhealthreasons."Whatdoesthissentencesuggestaboutvegetarianism?A.Itisonlypopularamongpeoplewhoarealreadysick.B.Itischosenforpersonalwell-beingaswellasenvironmentalconcerns.C.Itisatrendthatwillfadeawaysoon.D.Itisforcedonpeoplebyhealthorganizations.解析：本题考查推理判断。文本提及“健康原因”与“环境问题”并列，暗示双重动机。A选项“仅限病人”与“manypeople”矛盾；C选项“短期趋势”无依据；D选项“强制推广”与“becoming”的自愿性冲突。干扰项通过“单一动机”“趋势判断”“推广方式”等角度迷惑，B选项为正确答案。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.TheUnit11writingtaskasksstudentstowriteanessayaboutwhetherpeopleshouldreducemeatconsumption.Agoodthesisstatementwouldbe:"__________becauseitbenefitsbothhealthandtheenvironment."2.Inthereadingpassage,theauthorusestheword"sustainable"todescribefarmingmethodsthat__________.3.ThegrammarsectioninUnit11explainsthat"couldhave+pastparticiple"isusedtotalkabout__________.4.Theidiom"burnthemidnightoil"meansto__________.5.Thepassagementionsthat"manypeoplearebecomingvegetarianforethicalreasons,"whichsuggeststhat__________.6.Thesentence"Althoughitisexpensive,Iwillcontinuetobuyorganicfood"usesa__________clausetoshowcontrast.7.TheUnit11vocabularylistincludestheword"sustainable,"whichcomesfromtheprefix"sust-"meaning__________.8.Thephrase"agrowingconcern"impliesthattheproblemis__________.9.Thegrammarrulestatesthat"usedto+verb"indicatesanactionthat__________.10.Thereadingpassagementionsthat"vegetariandietsarelinkedtolowerratesofheartdisease,"whichprovides__________fortheargument.答案与解析11."Peopleshouldreducemeatconsumptionbecauseitbenefitsbothhealthandtheenvironment."解析：本题为写作题干填空，要求补充论点。根据单元主题，健康和环境是核心论据，填入符合逻辑。12."donotharmtheenvironmentforalongtime"解析：根据单元词汇，“sustainable”强调“长期不破坏环境”，填入符合定义。13."possibleactionsinthepastthatwerenotdone"解析：单元语法明确，“couldhave+过去分词”表示“本可能做但未做”，填入符合规则。14."studyorworklateatnight"解析：单元习语部分解释，“burnthemidnightoil”指“熬夜学习/工作”，填入符合含义。15."peoplebelieveitiswrongtoharmanimalsforfood"解析：单元阅读中，“ethicalreasons”指“道德反对”，填入符合推理。16."Although"解析：单元语法部分说明，“Although”引导让步状语从句，填入符合结构。17."tokeepsomethinggoing"解析：单元词汇表解释，“sust-”意为“维持”，填入符合词源。18."becomingmoreseriousorimportant"解析：单元阅读中，“growingconcern”暗示问题“日益严重”，填入符合语义。19."wasdoneinthepastbutisnotnow"解析：单元语法部分说明，“usedto”表示“过去习惯但现在不再”，填入符合定义。20."evidence"解析：单元阅读中，“lowerratesofheartdisease”为“vegetariandiets”提供“证据”，填入符合论证逻辑。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThereadingpassageinUnit11stronglysuggeststhatvegetarianismistheonlywaytosolveenvironmentalproblems.2.ThegrammarsectioninUnit11explainsthat"will+verb"isusedtomakepredictionsaboutthefuture.3.Theidiom"hitthenailonthehead"meanstobeexactlyrightaboutsomething.4.ThewritingtaskinUnit11asksstudentstowritealettertoafriendabouttheiropiniononmeatconsumption.5.Thepassagementionsthat"organicfoodismoreexpensivebecauseitishealthier,"whichisafact.6.Thegrammarrulestatesthat"must+verb"isusedtoexpressnecessity.7.Thevocabularyword"sustainable"comesfromtheLatinword"sustineo,"meaning"tosupport."8.Thephrase"agrowingconcern"impliesthattheproblemwilldisappearifpeopleignoreit.9.ThereadingpassageinUnit11includesanexampleofapersonwhobecamevegetarianforhealthreasons.10.ThegrammarsectioninUnit11explainsthat"could+verb"isusedtomakesuggestions.答案与解析11.×解析：文本强调“多种解决方案”，而非“唯一性”，判断错误。12.√解析：单元语法明确，“will+动词”用于未来预测，判断正确。13.√解析：单元习语部分解释，“hitthenailonthehead”意为“完全正确”，判断正确。14.×解析：写作任务要求“议论文”，而非“私人信件”，判断错误。15.√解析：文本提及“成本与健康关联”，符合事实陈述，判断正确。16.√解析：单元语法说明，“must+动词”表示“必须”，判断正确。17.√解析：单元词汇表解释，“sust-”源自拉丁语“support”，判断正确。18.×解析：“growingconcern”暗示问题“加剧”，而非“可忽视”，判断错误。19.√解析：文本包含“健康原因”案例，判断正确。20.×解析：单元语法说明，“could+动词”用于可能性，而非建议，判断错误。四、简答题（总共4题，每题4分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"usedto+verb"and"beusedtodoingsomething"inUnit11'sgrammarsection.2.Describehowtheauthorinthereadingpassageusesevidencetosupporttheargumentabouttheenvironmentalimpactofmeatproduction.3.Whyis"sustainable"consideredanimportantwordinthecontextofUnit11'stopic?4.Howcantheidiom"putthecartbeforethehorse"beappliedtotheproblemofreducingmeatconsumption?答案与解析5."usedto+verb"referstopasthabitsthatarenolongertrue,while"beusedtodoingsomething"meanstobefamiliarwithanaction.Forexample,"Iusedtosmoke"(nolongersmoke)vs."Iamusedtosmoking"(comfortablewithsmoking).解析：本题为语法对比题。根据单元语法，“usedto”表示“过去习惯但现在不再”，而“beusedtodoing”表示“习惯于做某事”，通过例句对比两种结构的区别。6.Theauthorusesdatasuchas"greenhousegasemissions"and"landusestatistics"toshowthatmeatproductionharmstheenvironment.Forexample,thepassagestates,"Meatproductionproducesmorecarbondioxidethanplant-basedfoods."解析：本题为阅读分析题。根据单元阅读，“数据”“统计”为论据，通过例句说明作者如何用证据支持观点。7."Sustainable"isimportantbecauseitdescribesfarmingmethodsthatdonotharmtheenvironmentforalongtime.Thishelpspeopleunderstandhowtoreducetheirecologicalfootprint.解析：本题为词汇分析题。根据单元词汇，“sustainable”强调“长期不破坏环境”，解释其重要性。8."Putthecartbeforethehorse"canbeappliedtoreducingmeatconsumptionbecausepeoplemightfocusonexpensivesolutions(thecart)insteadofsimplechanges(thehorse).Forexample,buyingorganicmeatisexpensive,butreducingmeatintakeisamorebasicstep.解析：本题为习语应用题。通过比喻说明“本末倒置”在解决肉食问题上的体现，强调“基础措施优先”。五、应用题（总共4题，每题6分，共24分）1.Writeashortparagraph(5-7sentences)aboutatimewhenyouhadto"burnthemidnightoil"tocompleteatask.Includetheidiominyourwriting.2.ImagineyouarewritinganessayforUnit11'swritingtask.Writeathesisstatementthatincludestheword"sustainable."3.Correctthegrammaticalerrorinthefollowingsentence:"IfIwasavegetarian,Iwouldeatmorefruitsandvegetables."4.There