河南南阳市镇平县某中学2025-2026学年高三下学期二模检测（二） 英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南南阳市某中学2025-2026学年高三下学期二模检测（二）英语试卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的

A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatdoesthemanthinkofMary?A.She’scompetent. B.She’screative. C.She’sfriendly.【答案】A【原文】M:Marystrikesmeasanefficientperson.Shehandlespressurewellandalwaysfinishesprojectsaheadofschedule.W:Yeah.AndIthinkshe’sfriendlyandwillingtohelpothers.Plus,she’screativeandtalented.2.Whatisthetopicoftheconversation?A.Tipsondoingexercise. B.Methodsofrevision. C.Waysofreadingmaps.【答案】B【原文】W:Dylan,howdoyoustudyforexams?M:Iusuallyreviewmynotesanddolotsofexercises.Whataboutyou?W:Iliketomakemindmapswhichhelpmeunderstandtherelationshipsbetweendifferentconcepts.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthereasonforhersorethroat?A.Talkingtoomuch. B.Spicyfood. C.Acold.【答案】C【原文】W:I’vegotasorethroattoday.Ifeeluncomfortable.M:Didyoutalkalotyesterdayoreatspicyfoodlastnight?W:Neither.Ithinkit’sbecauseIdidn’twearathickcoatinthecoldwindyesterday.4.What’sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenPaulandDora?A.Landlordandgardener. B.Goodfriends. C.Acouple.【答案】C【原文】M:HiDora,I’mheretoseePaul.W:Hello,Joe,heisworkinginthebackyard.Comein,please.M:Ishedoingthegardening?W:No,heisworkingwithsomewood,makingtheyardabetterplaceforchildrentoplay.5.WhatdoweknowaboutAlice?A.Shehasaneyedisease.B.Shedislikeshercurrentrole.C.Shejusttookupanewposition.【答案】C【原文】M:HiAlice,howwasyourfirstweekinyournewrole?W:It’sbeenquitechallenginglearningallthesenewsystemsandcontrols,butI’mgettingthehangofit.M:Goodtohear.Inamonth’stime,you’llbeabletodoitwithyoureyesclosed.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.WhydoesLindatalktoAndrew?A.Toinvitehim. B.Tocongratulatehim. C.Toencouragehim.7.WhatwillAndrewdoonSaturday?A.Visitarecyclingstation. B.Collectrubbish. C.Holdanartexhibition.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】W:Andrew,wouldyouliketojoinourbeachclean-upthisSaturday?SomecollegefriendsandIorganizedit.M:Maybe,Linda.I’veneverdoneabeachcleanupbefore.Whatdoyoudo?W:Wewalkaroundthebeachcollectingtrashthatpeoplehaveleftbehind.Wepickupplasticbags,glassbottlesandmore.M:Whatdoyoudowiththetrash?W:Weusedtotakeittoarecyclingstation,butthistimewearegivingittotheartdepartmentatouruniversity.Theywillusethetrashforanartexhibitionlater.M:WhattimeareyouleavingforthebeachonSaturday?W:We’llmeetatthedowntowntrainstationat7:30a.m.M:That’searly.ButI’msureitwouldbeagreatcause.Countmein.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatisspecialaboutthehutongwalkingtour?A.Itfeaturesvisitingmainattractions.B.Itoffersachancetoexploreculture.C.Ithelpsbuildneighborhoodrelationships.9.Whatisincludedinthetrip?A.Theaccommodation. B.Thetransport. C.Thelunch.10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Guideandtourist. B.Bossandsecretary. C.Husbandandwife.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【原文】W:David,arethereanyspecialarrangementsfortoday’sdaytrip?I’meagertoknowthedetails.M:IhavearrangedaBeijinghutongwalkingtour.Unliketraditionalsightseeingtourswhereyou’rerushedthroughthemainattractions,itprovidestheperfectopportunitytouncovertherichculturethatliesinthesecharmingneighborhoods.W:Thatsoundsfascinating.Willwevisitanylocalfamilies?Andwhataboutlunch?M:Yes,we’lldropbyahutongfamilytoseetheirdailylife.YourfeesincludelunchatalocalrestaurantandaBeijinghutongwalkingtourmaptohelpyoustayontrack.Butpleasemakeyourownarrangementsforaccommodation.W:Great.Thanksfortheinformation.M:Mypleasure.Let’sgatherhereat9o’clocka.m.tostart.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.Whydoesthewomanwanttofindapart-timejob?A.Shewantstobuyanewphone. B.Sherespectsherparents’wishes. C.Sheneedstogetworkexperience.12.Whatkindofjobisthewomanconsidering?A.Caféworker. B.Officeclerk. C.Shopassistant.13.Whatistheman’sattitudetowardsthewoman’splan?A.Doubtful. B.Opposed. C.Supportive.【答案】11.C12.A13.B【原文】W:Guesswhat?I’vedecidedtolookforapart-timejob!M:Why?Ithoughtyouwerefocusingonyourstudiesthisterm.W:Ireallyneedsomeworkexperience,butmyparentsthinkitmightaffectmygrades.M:Soyouwanttofindajobanyway?W:Yeah,maybeinacafé.It’sbeenonmymindforawhile.M:That’sdefinitelyabadidea!Apart-timejobwilltotallypullyouawayfromyourstudies.W:I’llgraduatenextyearandneedtobuildmyresume.M:Resumebuildingcanwaittillsummer—study’syourtopprioritynow.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。14.WhydoesDoragivethetalk?A.Tosharetraveltips.B.Todopromotion.C.Topresentherexperience.15.WhatdoestheIsleofMullfeature?A.Itsrichwildlife.B.Itssnow-cappedmountains.C.Itsuniqueseacolour.16.WhenisthebesttimetovisitMull?A.March. B.April. C.July.17.WhatdoesDoratalkaboutatlast?A.TheweatheronMull.B.Thelocationoftheisland.C.Themeansoftransport.【答案】14.B15.A16.B17.C【原文】W:Goodmorning,everyone.Myname’sDoraandIworkwithFindYourPeaceNatureTours.I’mgoingtotalktoyouabouttheIsleofMull.It’sasmallislandoffthewestcoastofScotland.So,what’ssospecialaboutit?Well,it’sgoteverything:therearemountainsandgreenvalleys.Onthenorthside,therearebeautifulsandybeaches,whichareusuallyempty,andbluesea.Mullishometodolphins,whalesandotherseaanimals,whichyouhaveagoodchanceofseeingifyoubookawildlifetour.Whenisthebesttimetogothere?OK,soitrainsquitealotandtheweathercangetquitewindy,butitdoesn’tgetallthatcold.Julyisthehottestmonth.ButthebesttimetogoisAprilorMay,whentherearen’tsomanytouristsandit’squieter.Togetthere,youcantakethetrainfromGlasgow,whichisthelargestcityinScotland,toOban,onthecoast,whereyoucangetaboatovertotheisland.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。18.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Closefriends. B.Brotherandsister. C.Teacherandstudent.19.WhatwillMariaprobablydo?A.GotoBilly’shousetohelphim.B.WaituntilBillyfinisheshischores.C.Playhernewvideogamebyherself.20.WhatisMaria’sadviceondoingchoresforBilly?A.Finishthemassoonaspossible.B.Leavethemalltothelastminute.C.AlwaysdothemonFridayafternoons.【答案】18.A19.C20.A【原文】W:HeyBilly.Doyouwanttocomeoverafterschool?M:HeyMaria.No.Ihavetofinishmychores.Ididn’tdothemallweek,sonowIhavetodothemalltoday.W:Whatdoyouhavetodo?M:Raketheyardandcleanmyroom.W:Isthatgoingtotakealongtime?M:Haveyouseenmyroom?Itlookslikeatornadowentthroughit.W:Whydidn’tyoucleanitbefore?M:Ihatecleaning.Doyouhavechores?W:Yeah,butItrytofinishthemassoonaspossible.M:You’resmart!Now,IhavetospendFridayafternoondoingchores.W:That’stoobad.I’vegotanewvideogameIwanttoshowyou.M:Doyouwanttohelpmewithmychores?W:Noway!I’mgoingtoenjoymyFridayafternoon.M:Well,IbettergettoworkorI’llbedoingitafterdinnertoo.W:Finishyourchoresearliernexttime.M:Iknow.Isaythateveryweek.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheFutureofCleanEnergyinHomesHeating,cooling,andpoweringhomescontributesignificantlytoglobalCO₂emissions.Asnationsstrivetoreducetheircarbonfootprints,residentialenergyuse—responsiblefornearly20%ofenergy-relatedemissions—posesuniquechallenges.Belowisthe2022breakdownofhouseholdemissionsbysource.ELECTRICITY52%HEATING28%COOLING12%APPLIANCES6%LIGHTING2%Cleanenergysolutionsforhomesmustbeaffordable,efficient,andadaptabletodiverseclimates.Whiletechnologiesvary,herearekeyinnovationsdrivingtheshifttowardsustainability.HEATPUMPS—EfficientHeating/CoolingReplacinggasboilers,electricheatpumpstransferwarmthfromairorground,cuttingheatingemissionsby50%.Hybridmodels,hopefully,mightbeabletoworkinsub-zerotemperaturesinthenearfuture.SMARTGRIDS(电网)—DynamicElectricityManagementAI-poweredgridsoptimizeenergyuse,storingsurplussolarpowerduringpeakhoursandreducingrelianceonfossil-fuelbackups.SOLARPANELS—RooftopRevolutionSolarenergyisthemostaccessiblerenewablesourceforhouseholds.Advancesinphotovoltaiccellshavecutcostsby80%since2010,makingthemviableinnumerousregions.WINDTURBINES—CommunityMicrogridsSmall-scaleturbines(涡轮机)inwindyareascanpowerneighborhoods,thoughlandusedebatespersist.“Thescaleofthistransitionisstaggering,”saysDr.ElenaTorres,aclimatescientistatMIT.Residentialrenewableslikesolarandheatpumpscouldmeet90%ofglobalhouseholddemandby2050—butonlyifinvestmentstriplewithinthisdecade.Recentstudiesshowthatevery$1investedingreenhomestodaysaves$5infutureclimateadaptationcosts.Thisisn’tjustanenvironmentalimperative;it’seconomicallyinevitable.21.Whichtwocategoriescombinedaccountforoverthree-quartersoftotalhouseholdemissions?A.ElectricityandHeating. B.HeatingandCooling.C.AppliancesandLighting. D.CoolingandAppliances.22.Whichtechnologyishighlightedascost-effectivefordiverseclimates?A.Heatpumps. B.Smartgrids. C.Solarpanels. D.Windturbines.23.WhatdoesDr.Torresemphasizeabouttheenergytransition?A.Thedominanceofgasboilers. B.Theincreaseinsolarefficiency.C.Theneedforhigherinvestment. D.Thebreakthroughinheatpumptechnology.【答案】21.A22.C23.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了家庭清洁能源的未来，包括家庭排放来源、清洁能源技术及投资需求。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Belowisthe2022breakdownofhouseholdemissionsbysource.ELECTRICITY52%，HEATING28%(以下是2022年家庭排放来源的细分。电力占52%，供暖占28%)”可知，电力和供暖两个类别加起来占家庭总排放量的四分之三以上。故选A。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据SOLARPANELS—RooftopRevolution部分中“Solarenergyisthemostaccessiblerenewablesourceforhouseholds.Advancesinphotovoltaiccellshavecutcostsby80%since2010,makingthemviableinnumerousregions.(太阳能是家庭最容易获得的可再生能源。自2010年以来，光伏电池的进步使成本降低了80%，使其在许多地区都可行)”可知，太阳能电池板被强调为适用于不同气候的成本效益高的技术。故选C。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据WINDTURBINES—CommunityMicrogrids部分中“Residentialrenewableslikesolarandheatpumpscouldmeet90%ofglobalhouseholddemandby2050—butonlyifinvestmentstriplewithinthisdecade.(到2050年，太阳能和热泵等住宅可再生能源可以满足全球90%的家庭需求，但前提是未来十年的投资要增加两倍)”可知，Torres博士强调了能源转型需要更高的投资。故选C。BWhenmychildrenwerelittle,theyhappilywentalongonourtravels.Butaroundage10,mysonmadeitclear:“Idon’treallyliketotravel.”Itbrokemyheart.Mydaughtercaughtthetravelbugearly,butmysonshowedlittleenthusiasm—whetherinBarcelona,theLouvre,orevenatriptoseewhitewhales.Still,Ikeptpushing.Beforemydaughterleftforcollege,Iproposedonelastfamilytrip.TherestofthefamilyvotedforEgypt.Mysonsuggestedwestayhome.Ibribed(贿赂)himwithmorescreentime,andheagreed.Egyptturnedouttobethedestinationthatclicked.AttheGrandEgyptianMuseum,myson—whousuallyspeedwalkedthroughmuseums—stopped.Hereadtheinformationcardsandstayedoverartifacts.MyhusbandandIkeptquiet,afraidtobreakthespell.AttheTempleofKarnak,helistenedattentivelyasourguideexplaineditshistory.AttheValleyoftheKings,hestoodfascinatedinTutankhamun’sburialtomb,recallingwhathe’dlearnedinninthgrade.Watchingoursondiscoverthatmaybetravelwasn’tsobadafterall,Isuddenlyrealizedwhathadbeenwrongallalong.Ihadbeendragginghimthroughmyversionoftravel—theMonaLisa,Barcelona’sGothicQuarter—experiencesviewedthroughmycamera.Butmysonneededsomethingtoattracthim,atalehecouldfollowandhistoricalcontextshecouldconnectwithwhathe’dlearned.OurEgypttriptaughtmethatnotallkidslovetravelthesameway.Mydaughtergetsgreatpleasurefromaesthetic(审美的)experiences;mysonneedsaconnectionhecanmake.I’mgladIletgoofmyowntraveldreamslongenoughtofigureoutwhatmightfuelmychildren’scuriosity.Egyptworkedformysonbecauseitisconsistentwithwhoheisasalearneratthismomentinhislife.Maybeyourunwillingtravellerdoesn’thatetravel—they’rejustwaitingforyoutohelpthemfindtheirversionofit.24.WhatdidtheauthordotopersuadehersontojointheEgypttrip?A.Shepromisedtobuyhimagift.B.Sheofferedhimextrascreentime.C.Shelethimchoosethedestination.D.Shetoldhimaboutthewhitewhales.25.Whydidtheauthorandherhusbandkeepquietinthemuseum?A.Theyweretoosurprisedtospeak.B.Theyfearedtointerrupttheirson.C.Theywerebusyintakingpictures.D.Theywantedtofocusontheguide.26.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sson?A.Hewasdrawntonatureexploration.B.Hewasfondofaestheticexperiences.C.Heenjoyedtravelingwithoutasetplan.D.Hewaskeenontripslinkedtohislearning.27.WhatisthemainlessontheauthorlearnedfromtheEgypttrip?A.Kids’travelpreferenceischangeable.B.Parentscanfollowtheirowndreams.C.Travelshouldbetailoredtochildren.D.Egyptisthebestdestinationforkids.【答案】24.B25.B26.D27.C【语篇解读】这篇文章主要讲述了作者儿子原本抵触旅行，一次埃及之行却让他深深着迷。作者由此醒悟，应结合孩子的兴趣与特点定制旅行，而非只依从自身喜好。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Beforemydaughterleftforcollege,Iproposedonelastfamilytrip.TherestofthefamilyvotedforEgypt.Mysonsuggestedwestayhome.Ibribed(贿赂)himwithmorescreentime,andheagreed.(在女儿去上大学之前，我提议了一次最后的家庭旅行。全家人都投票决定去埃及。我的儿子则建议我们待在家里。我用更多的屏幕时间来贿赂他，他这才同意。)”可知，作者用额外的屏幕时间作为条件，说服儿子参加埃及之旅。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hereadtheinformationcardsandstayedoverartifacts.MyhusbandandIkeptquiet,afraidtobreakthespell.AttheTempleofKarnak,helistenedattentivelyasourguideexplaineditshistory.(他阅读了信息卡片，还仔细研究了文物。我和我的丈夫保持沉默，生怕打破这份奇妙的氛围。在卡纳克神庙，他认真地听着我们的导游讲解其历史。)”可知，作者和丈夫保持安静是因为害怕打断儿子沉浸其中的状态。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“AttheValleyoftheKings,hestoodfascinatedinTutankhamun’sburialtomb,recallingwhathe’dlearnedinninthgrade.(在帝王谷，他饶有兴趣地站在图坦卡蒙的陵墓前，回忆起他在九年级时学到的知识。)”提到儿子在图坦卡蒙墓中回忆九年级学过的知识，以及第四段中“Butmysonneededsomethingtoattracthim,atalehecouldfollowandhistoricalcontextshecouldconnectwithwhathe’dlearned.(但我的儿子需要一些能吸引他的东西，一个他能跟随的故事，以及一些能让他与所学内容建立联系的历史背景。)”说明儿子需要“能与所学知识建立联系的历史背景”，和最后一段中“Egyptworkedformysonbecauseitisinconsistentwithwhoheisasalearneratthismomentinhislife.(对我的儿子来说，埃及之旅很成功，因为它与他目前作为学习者所展现的特质相符。)”指出埃及之旅适合他是因为“符合他当下作为学习者的特点”。由此可知，儿子热衷于与自己的学习相关的旅行。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“OurEgypttriptaughtmethatnotallkidslovetravelthesameway.Mydaughtergetsgreatpleasurefromaesthetic(审美的)experiences;mysonneedsaconnectionhecanmake.I’mgladIletgoofmyowntraveldreamslongenoughtofigureoutwhatmightfuelmychildren’scuriosity.Egyptworkedformysonbecauseitisconsistentwithwhoheisasalearneratthismomentinhislife.Maybeyourunwillingtravellerdoesn’thatetravel—they’rejustwaitingforyoutohelpthemfindtheirversionofit.(我们的埃及之行让我明白，并非所有孩子都喜欢旅行的方式都相同。我的女儿从审美体验中获得极大的乐趣；而我的儿子则需要一种他能够建立联系的东西。我很高兴自己能暂时放下自己的旅行梦想，去弄清楚怎样才能激发孩子们的好奇心。对我的儿子来说，埃及之旅很成功，因为它与他目前作为学习者所展现的特质相符。也许那些不愿意旅行的人并非真的讨厌旅行——他们只是在等待你来帮助他们找到属于自己的旅行方式。)”可推知，作者从埃及之旅中领悟到：每个孩子的旅行偏好不同，旅行应该根据孩子的特点量身定制。CScientistsatFinland’sAaltoUniversityhavefoundthatusingartificialintelligence(AI)almostremovesandreverses(逆转)theDunning-Krugereffect,aphenomenonthatpeoplewhoaren’tverygoodatagiventaskareoverconfident,whilepeoplewithhighabilitytendtounderestimatetheirskills.Theirresearchshowedthatwhenusingcommonchatbotstosolveproblems,everyone(regardlessoftheirskilllevel)tendedtoputtoomuchfaithinthequalityoftheanswers,withthemostexperiencedAIusersdoingsothemost.Inthestudy,scientistsgave500subjectslogicalreasoningtasks,withhalfallowedtouseChatGPT.BothgroupswerelaterquizzedonboththeirAIliteracyandhowwelltheythoughttheyperformed,andpromisedextrarewardsiftheyassessedtheirownperformanceaccurately.Thereasonsbehindthefindingsarevaried.BecauseAIuserswereusuallysatisfiedwiththeiranswerafteronlyonequestionorprompt(提示),acceptingtheanswerwithoutfurthercheckingorconfirmation,theycanbesaidtohaveengagedinwhatRobinWelsch,anAaltoUniversitycomputerscientist,calls“cognitive(认知)offloading”—exploringthequestionwithreducedreflection,andapproachingitinamore“shallow”way.Suchlessengagementinourownreasoningmeanswebypasstheusualfeedbackprocessofcriticalthinking,whichreducesourabilitytoassessourperformanceaccurately.EvenmorerevealingwasthefactthatwealloverestimateourabilitieswhenusingAI,regardlessofourintelligence,withthegapbetweenhigh-andlow-skillusersreducing.Thestudyowedthistothefactthatlargelanguagemodels(LLMs)helpeveryoneperformbettertosomedegree.Meanwhile,theAaltoteamwarnedofseveralpotentialimpactsasAIbecomesmorewidespread.Firstly,metacognitiveaccuracyoverallmightsuffer.Withoutreflectingonresults,errorcheckingordeeperreasoning,weriskweakeningourabilitytosourceinformationreliably,thescientistssaidinthestudy.What’smore,theflatteningoftheDunning-KrugerEffectwillmeanwe’llallcontinuetooverestimateourabilitieswhileusingAI,withthemoreAI-literateamongusdoingsoevenmore—leadingtoanincreasedclimateofmiscalculateddecision-makingandadropintheirskills.28.WhatdidAaltoUniversityresearchersdiscoveraboutAIchatbotuse?A.Low-abilityusersbecamelessconfident.B.ItstrengthenedtheDunning-KrugerEffect.C.Usersgenerallyover-trustedthechatbot’sanswers.D.Onlybeginnersoftenthoughthighlyoftheirabilities.29.Whichaspectoftheresearchisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thepurpose. B.Theprocess. C.Thesubjects. D.Thefindings.30.Whydotheusersoftenoverestimatetheirabilities?A.LLMs’aidimprovesusers’taskperformance.B.Usersoftenskiptheprocessofcriticalthinking.C.AItoolscontributetousers’metacognitiveaccuracy.D.Thegapbetweenhigh-andlow-skillAIusersisbridged.31.Whatwillbeprobablytalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.RegulationsfornarrowingAIusers’skillgap.B.Guidelinesforsourcinginformationreliably.C.Methodsforpreventingusers’cognitivedecline.D.Tipsforimprovingthesubjects’performance.【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍芬兰阿尔托大学的科学家发现使用人工智能几乎消除并逆转了邓宁-克鲁格效应，研究表明使用常见聊天机器人解决问题时，用户通常过度信任聊天机器人给出的答案，且无论技能水平高低，使用人工智能时都会高估自己的能力，文章还探讨了该现象背后的原因以及可能带来的潜在影响。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Theirresearchshowedthatwhenusingcommonchatbotstosolveproblems,everyone(regardlessoftheirskilllevel)tendedtoputtoomuchfaithinthequalityoftheanswers,withthemostexperiencedAIusersdoingsothemost.(他们的研究表明，当使用普通聊天机器人解决问题时，每个人（无论技能水平如何）都倾向于过度相信答案的质量，经验最丰富的人工智能用户表现得最为明显)”可知，阿尔托大学的研究人员发现使用人工智能聊天机器人时，用户普遍过度信任聊天机器人的答案。故选C项。【29题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Inthestudy,scientistsgave500subjectslogicalreasoningtasks,withhalfallowedtouseChatGPT.BothgroupswerelaterquizzedonboththeirAIliteracyandhowwelltheythoughttheyperformed,andpromisedextrarewardsiftheyassessedtheirownperformanceaccurately.(在这项研究中，科学家给500名受试者布置了逻辑推理任务，其中一半人被允许使用ChatGPT。随后，两组受试者都接受了关于他们的人工智能素养以及他们认为自己表现如何的测试，并承诺如果他们能准确评估自己的表现，将给予额外奖励)”可知，该段主要介绍了研究的过程，包括给受试者布置任务、分组、后续测试等。故选B项。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thestudyowedthistothefactthatlargelanguagemodels（LLMs）helpeveryoneperformbettertosomedegree.(该研究将此归因于大型语言模型（LLMs）在某种程度上帮助每个人都表现得更好)”可知，用户经常高估自己的能力是因为大型语言模型的帮助提高了用户在任务中的表现。故选A项。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Firstly,metacognitiveaccuracyoverallmightsuffer.Withoutreflectingonresults,errorcheckingordeeperreasoning,weriskweakeningourabilitytosourceinformationreliably,thescientistssaidinthestudy.What’smore,theflatteningoftheDunning-KrugerEffectwillmeanwe’llallcontinuetooverestimateourabilitieswhileusingAI,withthemoreAI-literateamongusdoingsoevenmore—leadingtoanincreasedclimateofmiscalculateddecision-makingandadropintheirskills.(首先，整体的元认知准确性可能会受到影响。科学家在该研究中指出，若不对结果进行反思、不做错误检查或深入推理，我们就有可能削弱自己可靠获取信息的能力。此外，邓宁-克鲁格效应的弱化将意味着：在使用人工智能时，我们所有人都会继续高估自己的能力，而其中对人工智能更熟悉的人，这种情况会更为严重——这会导致错误决策的风气加剧，同时使他们自身的能力下降)”可知，文章最后提到了使用人工智能的潜在影响，接下来可能会讨论防止用户认知能力下降的方法。故选C项。DCleaningupairpollutionhassavedmillionsoflives,yetitbringsunexpectedclimateeffects,adouble-edgedswordforhumans.Imaginein2050,humansstopglobalwarmingbysprayingreflectiveparticlesintothestratosphere.Temperaturesstabilizeatfirst.Butoncetheprojectstopsabruptly,theplanetheatsuprapidly,causingmassextinctionofwildlifeandsocialchaos.Suchadisasteriscalleda“terminationshock(终止冲击）”byclimatescientists.Surprisingly,humansareundergoingasimilarsituationnow.Airpollutioncancooltheplanet.Sulfuraerosols（含硫的气溶胶）reflectsunlightandmakecloudswhiteranddenser,reducingthewarmingbyabout0.5℃.However,globalmeasurestoimproveairquality,suchascuttingsulfurdioxidefrompowerplantsandships,areremovingthesecoolingaerosols,leadingtofasterglobalwarming.Theconsequencesareveryserious.Lightningovershippinglaneshasdecreased,whilesomeareassuffermorepowerfultropicalcyclonesandsevereheatwaves.Interestingly,theoriginalintentionoftakingthesemeasuresistosavelives,sosomeresearchersregardthefastdropinaerosolsasan“inadvertentterminationshock”or“reversegeoengineering”.Thereductionofsulfuraerosolsalsoharmsmarineecosystems,suchasthreateningtheGreatBarrierReefwithcoralbleaching.Besides,theweakeningofIndianmonsoonrainfallcausedbyairpollutionmaydisappearoncepollutioncontrolstighten,bringingheavierfloods.Someexpertssuggestrelaxingemissionrulesonthehighseastorestorepartofthecoolingeffectandslowdownthespeedofglobalwarming.Nevertheless,othersarguethatthisisnotarealterminationshock,whichreferstoafarmoresuddenandseveretemperaturerise.Anyway,thelessonisclear:inourcomplexclimatesystem,nodecisionisentirelyrisk-free.32.What'sthefunctionoftheexampleinParagraph2?A.Tointroduceawayforhumanstostopglobalwarming.B.Toshowanunexpectedhuman-causedclimateeffect.C.Towarnhumansnottosprayreflectiveparticles.D.Todescribethepossiblelifeofhumansin2050.33.What'sthemainideaofParagraph3?A.Whatcancooltheplaneteffectively.B.Whatimpactairpollutionhasontheplanet.C.Howglobalairqualitycanbeimproved.D.Howcleanerairaffectsglobalwarming.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inadvertent”inParagraph4mean?A.Active. B.Dangerous. C.Unintended. D.Serious.35.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthesuggestionsputforwardbyexperts?A.Supportive. B.Opposed. C.Doubtful. D.Neutral.【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了治理空气污染虽拯救了数百万人的生命，却带来了意想不到的气候影响，成为人类面临的一把双刃剑，还探讨了其具体影响及相关争议。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Suchadisasteriscalleda“terminationshock”（终止冲击）byclimatescientists.Surprisingly,humansareundergoingasimilarsituationnow.(气候科学家将这种灾难称为“终止冲击”。令人惊讶的是，人类现在正经历类似的情况。)”可知，第二段的例子是为了引出人类目前正面临的、类似“终止冲击”的意外气候影响，即治理空气污染带来的意想不到的后果。【33题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Airpollutioncancooltheplanet.Sulfuraerosols(含硫的气溶胶)reflectsunlightandmakecloudswhiteranddenser,reducingthewarmingbyabout0.5℃.However,globalmeasurestoimproveairquality,suchascuttingsulfurdioxidefrompowerplantsandships,areremovingthesecoolingaerosols,leadingtofasterglobalwarming.(空气污染可以给地球降温。含硫的气溶胶反射阳光，使云变得更白更密，使气温降低约0.5℃。然而，全球改善空气质量的措施，如减少发电厂和船舶排放的二氧化硫，正在去除这些冷却气溶胶，导致全球变暖加快。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是更清洁的空气（去除冷却气溶胶）如何影响全球变暖。【34题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Interestingly,theoriginalintentionoftakingthesemeasuresistosavelives,sosomeresearchersregardthefastdropinaerosolsasan‘inadvertentterminationshock’or‘reversegeoengineering’.(有趣的是，采取这些措施的初衷是拯救生命，因此一些研究人员将气溶胶的快速减少称为“inadvertent终止冲击”或“反向地球工程”。)”可知，气溶胶减少并非人们刻意为之，而是治理空气污染（初衷是拯救生命）带来的意外结果，因此“inadvertent”意为“无意的、非故意的”，与“Unintended”意思相近。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Someexpertssuggestrelaxingemissionrulesonthehighseastorestorepartofthecoolingeffectandslowdownthespeedofglobalwarming.Nevertheless,othersarguethatthisisnotarealterminationshock,whichreferstoafarmoresuddenandseveretemperaturerise.（一些专家建议放宽公海排放规则，以恢复部分冷却效果，减缓全球变暖的速度。然而，其他人则认为，这不是真正的终止冲击，真正的终止冲击指的是更为突然和严重的气温上升。)”以及最后一段“Anyway,thelessonisclear:inourcomplexclimatesystem,nodecisionisentirelyrisk-free.(无论如何，教训是明确的：在我们复杂的气候系统中，没有任何决定是完全无风险的。)”可知，作者只是客观陈述了专家的建议以及不同人对这些建议的看法，没有表明自己支持、反对或怀疑的态度，所以作者对专家建议的态度是中立的。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhenIwasaskedtotakepartinaforestbathing,Ipackedaswimsuit,assumingitmustinvolvearefreshingswiminthewater.____36____ImetForestTherapy(治疗)guideMelanicChoukas-Bradleyandseveralotherwomenwho’dcomealongfortheadventureatanurbanforest.Here,Ibegantogetit.Forestbathingisn’tabath.Wesatonthebanksoftheriver,butwedidnotgetinthewater.____37____Wedidwalktheforesttracks,butwewanderedwithnodestinationinmind.Theaimofforestbathing,Choukas-Bradleyexplained,istoslowdownandbecomefullybathedinthenaturalenvironment.Shehelpedustuneintotheforest’ssmells,tastesandsights.___38___Aswepassedthroughthetrees,wetouchedtheirtrunks,feelingtheroughnessbeneathourfingers.Wesmelledtheflowers,eachbreathbeingacelebrationofnature’sbeauty.There’sagrowingbodyofevidencethatshowsforestbathingcanhelpboostmoodandreducestress.____39____A2011studycomparingcitywalkstoforestwalksfoundtheforestenvironmentledtogreaterreductionsinbloodpressure,despitebothactivitiesrequiringequalphysicaleffort.____40____Mostofhumanhistorywasspentinenvironmentsthatlackbuildingsandwalls,andourbodieshaveadaptedtolivinginthenaturalworld.Buttodaymostofusspendmuchofourlifeindoors.Perhapsthenewforestbathingtrendisarecognitionthatmanyofusneedalittlenudgetogetbackoutthere.A.It’snotahike,either.B.Itturnsout