河南省部分重点中学2025-2026学年高三下学期第二次模拟联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省部分重点中学2025-2026学年高三下学期第二次模拟联考英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.Whatisthemandoingthisyear?A.Teachingatschool. B.Studyingabroad. C.Travelingaroundtheworld.【答案】A【原文】W:AreyoustillteachingChineseinanAmericanhighschool?M:Yes.Ihaveanespeciallyinterestingclassthisyear.AndIhaveeighteenstudentsfromdifferentcountries.2.Whenwillthespeakersgotothebeach?A.OnSaturdaymorning. B.OnSaturdayafternoon. C.OnSundayafternoon.【答案】B【原文】M:Areyoustillplanningtogotothebeachthisweekend?W:Definitely!WeagreedonthisSaturdaymorning,didn’twe?M:Actually,Ihaveamathclassinthemorning.MaybeSundayafternoonwouldworkbetterforme.W:Oh,buttheweatherforecastsaysit’sgoingtorainonSunday.Let’ssticktoSaturday.Howabouttheafternooninstead?M:Noproblem.3.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Attendameeting. B.Waitintheoffice. C.Makeaphonecall.【答案】C【原文】M:Anna,isEricintheoffice?Imustaskhimaboutthesenumberstoday.W:Oh,heisoutforameeting.Butyoucanreachhimonthephone.4.Whereisthesupermarket?A.OnGreenStreet. B.Oppositeaflowerstore. C.Besideapostoffice.【答案】C【原文】M:Excuseme,canyoutellmehowtogettothesupermarket?W:Certainly.GostraightforaboutonemileonGreenStreet.Andthenturnrightatthetrafficlight.Walkafewmorestepsandyou’llseeaflowerstore.Justpasttheflowerstore,thereisapostoffice.Thesupermarketisrightnexttothepostoffice.5.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Preparingforapicnic. B.Cookingdinnerathome. C.Beautifulscenerybythelake.【答案】A【原文】M:Didyouremembertopackthepicnicblanketandsunscreen?W:Yes,they’reallinthebag.Ialsomadesomesandwichesandcutupsomefruit.M:Great!I’llgrabthedrinksandwecanheadout.Theweatherforecastsaiditwouldbesunnyallday.W:Perfect.Ican’twaittorelaxbythelake.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段录音。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Doctorandpatient. B.Bossandsecretary. C.Husbandandwife.7.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Takeahotshower. B.Dosomerelaxingexercises. C.Havesomewarmwaterwithhoney.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】W:Mythroatfeelsreallysoretoday,andIkeepcoughing.M:Letmetakealook…Openyourmouthandsay“Ah”.Hmm,it’sabitred.Haveyoubeendrinkingenoughwater?W:Notreally.IwassobusywithmeetingsthatIforgottodrinkallmorning.M:Thatmakessense.Thereisnoneedtotakeanymedicine.Trydrinkingwarmwatermixedwithhoneyandgetsomeresttonight.W:Thanksalot.I’lldefinitelydothat.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.WhywillthemangotoRwanda?A.Tovisitafriend. B.Togosightseeing. C.Togoonabusinesstrip.9.Howwillthemanprobablygettothenationalpark?A.Bybus. B.Bytaxi. C.Bycar.10.Whatmainlypreventsthewomanfromtravellingabroad?A.Herincome. B.Herbusyschedule. C.Herphysicalcondition.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【原文】W:Henry,Ihearyou’replanningatriptoVolcanoesNationalParkinRwanda.M:Yes.I’mgoingtherenextweek.W:HowwillyougotherewhenarrivinginRwanda?Bytaxi?M:Itisveryaccessiblebypublictransportfromtheairporttothepark.Iplannedtogettherebybusatfirst,butmyfriendMarkisgoingonabusinesstripinthecountrynow.He’llvisitthenationalparkwithmeandhe’lldriveusthere.W:That’sreallyconvenient.M:Yes.W:Ireallyenvyyou,Henry.Icannottravelabroad.Mydoctorrecentlytoldmetoavoidlongjourneys,butthat’snotthemainissue.Tobehonest,Isimplycan’taffordit.HowIwishIcouldearnasmuchasyoudo!M:Ienvyyou,too.I’malwaysbusywithmyjobbutyouhavemuchtimeofyourown.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.HowdothespeakersfeelabouttheToyFair?A.Bored. B.Confused. C.Enthusiastic.12.Whatkindoftoysisthemanmostinterestedin?A.Stuffedanimals. B.Robottoys. C.Magicsets.13.Whatwillthewomanprobablydofirst?A.Eatsomething. B.Gototherestroom. C.Buyatoy.【答案】11.C12.B13.B【原文】W:Oh,lookatthatbigsign!TheToyFairisfinallyhere.I’msoexcited!M:Metoo!I’vebeenwaitingforthisforages.Iheardtherearegoingtobetonsofnewtoysandgames.W:That’sawesome.Iwonderifthey’llhavethelatestcollectionofthosecutestuffedtoysIsawonline.M:Maybe.I’mmoreinterestedinthosehigh-techrobottoys.Theyseemsocoolandcandoallsortsoftricks.W:Speakingoftricks,Ihopetheyhavesomemagicsetstoo.I’vealwayswantedtolearnsomemagictricks.M:Well,beforewestartexploring,I’mfeelingabithungry.Maybeweshouldgrabsomethingtoeatfirst.W:Goodidea.ButIneedtousetherestroombeforethat.It’sbeenalongdrivehere.M:Okay.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatisthemainproblemthespeakersarediscussing?A.Theroomistoocrowded.B.Theyhavetoomuchworktofinish.C.Thestronglightiscausingdiscomfort.15.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice. B.Inaclassroom. C.Inalibrary.16.Whatdoesthewomansuggesttheydofirst?A.Movetheirdeskstoanotherarea.B.Turntothemanagerforasolution.C.Skipthemeetingandleaveearly.【答案】14.C15.A16.B【原文】M:Ugh,thislightisreallygivingmeaheadache.I’vegotthreepagesofthisreportlefttoread,butthestronglightonmyscreenismakingitimpossibletoconcentrate.W:Tellmeaboutit.Myeyesareprettytiredtoo.Ithinkit’sbecausethesunisshiningdirectlyontoourdesksintheafternoon.M:Exactly.Andnarrowingoureyeslikethisalldayisn’tgoodforus.W:You’reright.Weneedtofindasolution.M:Iguesswecouldasktomoveourdesks,butthatmightbetoomuchtrouble.W:Insteadofrearrangingourdesks,howaboutcheckingwiththemanagerfirst?Maybehecanlowertheblindsorprovidesomelamps.Thatshouldhelpreducethestronglightwithoutmovingeverythingaround.M:Thatsoundsreasonable.Let’smentionittohimafterthemeeting.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.WhatcanwelearnaboutGermany’scurrentworkforceproblem?A.YoungGermanspreferworkingabroad.B.Foreignworkersarenotwelcomeanymore.C.Toofewyoungpeopleareenteringtheworkforce.18.HowmanyforeignworkersdoesGermanyneedtoattracteachyear?A.20,000. B.90,000. C.288,000.19.WhydoesGermanylooktoIndiaforhelp?A.Indiahastheworld’slargestpopulation.B.Indiahasmanyyoungpeoplereadytowork.C.Indianworkersareprofessionalsincarmaking.20.WhatdoesAditiBanerjee’swordssuggest?A.Indiahasmoreworkersthanjobs.B.YoungIndiansarewell-educated.C.Germanyshouldtrainitsownworkers.【答案】17.C18.C19.B20.A【原文】Germanyneedslotsofworkers.Itisstrugglingtofindenoughskilledpeopletoworkinmanyareas.Thisisbecausemanyolderworkersareretiringandthebirthrateisfalling.Therearenotenoughyoungpeopletofillhundredsofthousandsofjobpositions.Itneedstoattract288,000foreignworkersperyear.ArecentreportsaidGermanywantstofixthisproblembyaskingworkersfromIndiatofillmanyjobopenings.Indiahas600millionpeoplebelowtheageof25.Inparticular,Germanyneedspeopletoworkinengineering,healthcare,andtechnology.Thecountryneedsthousandsofnursesandcaregivers.ItalsoneedsthousandsofITprofessionals.GermanyisEurope’slargesteconomy.Itisfamousforproduction,especiallyforcars.Germanyisalsoaleaderinrenewableenergy,medicine,andfinancialservices.ThegovernmenthasmadeiteasierforpeopletogetpermitstoworkinGermany.IthasincreasedthenumberofworkpermitsavailabletoIndiansfrom20,000peryearto90,000.However,manybusinessownerssaymoreworkersareneeded.SomeGermanofficialssuggesttraininglocalunemployedpeopleinsteadofrelyingonforeignworkers.ButIndianemploymentexpertAditiBanerjeesaid,“There’sahugelaboroversupplyinIndia,andyoungworkerstherearestrugglingtofindjobsevenwithgoodeducation.”SheishelpingmanyyoungIndianworkerstofindworkinGermany.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHighlandCowArtHighlandcowarthasbecomeincreasinglypopularforitsuniquecombinationofruralcharmandartisticvariety.ArtistssuchasMarkGemmell,DomoniqueBrown,andStevenBrowncreatelivelyimagesofthesefamousScottishanimalsthroughdifferentstyles—somerealistic,someabstract,andsomeplayful.TheirworksoftenshowScotland’snaturalsceneryandculturaltraditions,makingeachpaintingacelebrationoftheregion’sbeauty.Whenchoosinghighlandcowartforyourhome,considerthesizeandcolorsofthepiecetoensureitfitswellwithyourroom.Whetheryoulikedetailedrealismorstrikingabstraction,thereisastyleforeveryone,addingspecialcharactertoanyspace.StylesandTechniquesHighlandcowartcoversawiderangeofstyles,fromlifelikepaintingstocreativeabstractworks.Realistictechniquesfocusoncarefuldetailstoshowthetexture(纹理)andpersonalityofthecattle,whileabstractmethodsusebrightcolorsandimaginativeshapestocreateemotionaleffects.Thisvarietynotonlyshowstheartists’skillbutalsomeetsdifferentpersonaltastes.RealisticPaintingApproachesCreatinglifelikepaintingsofhighlandcowsrequiresexcellentskillsinlayering(分层),blending(混合),andcarefulbrushworktotrulycapturetheirtexturesandexpressions.Photorealism,oneapproachtorealisticart,involvescopyingtheanimalswithextremeprecision,usingspecialbrushtechniquestoproducenatural-lookingtexturesanddepth.Toachievethislevelofrealism,artistsmust:first,carefullyobservetheanimal’sbodystructure,colors,andproportionstoensureaccuracy;second,applymultiplelayersofpainttocapturethecomplexdetailsoffurandexpressions;third,smoothlymixcolorstocreatenaturaltransitionsandrealisticshading.21.Whatshouldbeconsideredwhenchoosinghighlandcowartforhomedecoration?A.Theartist’sreputationandfame. B.Thesizeandcolorsoftheartwork.C.Thehistoricalvalueofthepainting. D.Theemotionaleffectsofabstractstyles.22.Whatdorealistictechniquesinhighlandcowartemphasize?A.Theemotionaleffectsofthecattle. B.Theimaginativeshapesofthecattle.C.Thetextureandpersonalityofthecattle. D.Thebrightcolorsofthecattle.23.Whatisthefirststepincreatingaphotorealisticpaintingofhighlandcows?A.Studyingtheanimal’sbodystructureclosely.B.Mixingcolorssmoothlytocreatenaturalshading.C.Applyingmanylayersofpainttocapturedetails.D.Usingspecialbrushestoproducedepthandtexture.【答案】21.B22.C23.A【语篇解读】高地牛艺术兼具乡村魅力与多样风格，含写实和抽象两类。写实注重细节纹理，超写实创作需三步观察上色，可按需选风格装饰家居。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Whenchoosinghighlandcowartforyourhome,considerthesizeandcolorsofthepiecetoensureitfitswellwithyourroom.(在为你的家挑选高地牛图案的装饰品时，请考虑其尺寸和颜色，以确保它能与您的房间风格相匹配)”可知，在选择用于家庭装饰的高地牛艺术品时，应该考虑该艺术品的尺寸和颜色。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Realistictechniquesfocusoncarefuldetailstoshowthetexture(纹理)andpersonalityofthecattle,whileabstractmethodsusebrightcolorsandimaginativeshapestocreateemotionaleffects.(写实手法注重细致入微的描绘，以展现牛的纹理和个性；而抽象手法则运用鲜艳的色彩和富有想象力的形状来营造情感效果)”可知，在高地牛的绘画艺术中，现实主义手法强调的是牛的纹理和个性。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Toachievethislevelofrealism,artistsmust:first,carefullyobservetheanimal’sbodystructure,colors,andproportionstoensureaccuracy;second,applymultiplelayersofpainttocapturethecomplexdetailsoffurandexpressions;third,smoothlymixcolorstocreatenaturaltransitionsandrealisticshading.(要达到这种高度的写实效果，艺术家们必须：首先，仔细观察动物的身体结构、颜色和比例，以确保准确无误；其次，运用多层颜料来描绘毛发和表情的复杂细节；第三，将颜色均匀混合，以实现自然的过渡和逼真的阴影效果)”可知，绘制一幅逼真的高地牛画像的第一步是仔细研究这种动物的身体结构。BJillMather’sretirementdidn’tunfoldasshehadimagined.Afterspendingdecadesworkinglonghoursintherestaurantbusiness,shehadlookedforwardtotravelingandrelaxing.However,duetoahealthcondition,shecouldn’ttakelongtrips.Experiencingasenseofrestlessnessfromthehealthrestrictions,shedecidedtostarttakinglongdailywalksinherSanFernandoneighborhood.Duringherwalks,shewassaddenedtoseelittereverywhere—cans,bottles,andothertrashlyingonthestreets.Thinking,“AslongasI’mouthereanyway,ImightaswelldosomethingaboutthetrashIsee,”shebeganbringingplasticbagstopickupthewastewhileshewalked.Neighborsnoticedhereffortsandcheeredheron.Someneighborsproposedsettingupadonationboxinthelocalstoretoraisefundsforhercleaningwork,butJilldeclined.Afewdayslater,shepostedaninvitationonalocalcommunityapp:“Iwalkandpickuptrasheverymorning.Joinmeatthecoffeeshopat8AMifyou’reinterested.”Tohersurprise,adozenpeopleshowedupthefirsttime.Together,theycleanedanearbyparkandthenenjoyedcoffeetogether.Everyoneaskedeagerlywhentheywoulddoitagain.Fromthatdayon,Jillandashiftinggroupofvolunteersmeteachmorningtowalkandclean.ShenamedthegroupVolunteersCleaningCommunities.Theycollectedrecyclableitemsfromstreets,parks,andalongalocalhighway,usingthemoneyearnedtobuysupplieslikestrongbagsandsafetyvests(背心).Asmorepeopleheardaboutthegroup,itcontinuedtogrow.Soon,over100peopleweretakingpartatleastonceaweek.Besidescleaning,Jillorganizedregularsocialevents,suchasgamenightsandbirthdayparties.Strongfriendshipsformed.“Intoday’sbusyworld,it’sdifficulttomeetpeoplewhotrulyunderstandyou,”saidEmilieKoster,amembervolunteer.“Theyarelikefamilytome.Doinggoodfeelseasierwhenyou’rewithpeoplewhoshareyourvalues.”Insixyears,thevolunteershavecleanedupnearly750,000poundsoftrash—andthatdoesn’tincludelargeritemsthey’vesetasideforthecity.“Wegetexercise,makeourcommunitycleaner,andbuildlastingfriendships,”Jillsaysproudly.“It’sasuccessineveryway.”24.WhydidJillMatherstarttakinglongdailywalksinherneighborhood?A.Toprepareforawalkingrace. B.Torelieveuneasinesscausedbyhealthissues.C.Toseekapart-timejoblocally. D.Toinvestigatetheenvironmentalconditions.25.HowdidthegroupVolunteersCleaningCommunitiesfunditssupplies?A.Bycollectingdonationsfromlocalcommunities. B.Bychargingparticipantsmembershipfees.C.Bysellingrecyclableitemstheypickedup. D.Byhostingmeaningfulsocialevents.26.WhatdoEmilieKoster’swordsimplyinparagraph5?A.Modernlifemakestruefriendshiphardtofind.B.Groupactivitiesguaranteelastingrelationships.C.Volunteeringisaneffectivewaytofindtruefriends.D.Sharedvaluesfacilitatemeaningfulsocialbonding.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJillMather?A.Caringandinspirational. B.Creativeanddemanding.C.Humorousandadventurous. D.Determinedandcompetitive.【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.A【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了JillMather退休后因健康问题开始在社区捡垃圾，并带动越来越多人加入的故事。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,duetoahealthcondition,shecouldn’ttakelongtrips.Experiencingasenseofrestlessnessfromthehealthrestrictions,shedecidedtostarttakinglongdailywalksinherSanFernandoneighborhood.(然而，由于健康问题，她无法长途旅行。由于健康限制，她感到不安，于是决定开始在圣费尔南多社区每天长时间散步)”可知，吉尔·马瑟开始在社区里每天长时间散步是为了缓解健康问题引起的不安。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theycollectedrecyclableitemsfromstreets,parks,andalongalocalhighway,usingthemoneyearnedtobuysupplieslikestrongbagsandsafetyvests(背心).(他们从街道、公园和当地公路沿线收集可回收物品，用赚来的钱购买结实的袋子和安全背心等用品)”可知，社区清洁志愿者小组通过出售他们捡到的可回收物品来筹集资金购买用品。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段中EmilieKoster的话“Intoday’sbusyworld,it’sdifficulttomeetpeoplewhotrulyunderstandyou(在当今这个忙碌的世界里，很难遇到真正理解你的人)”以及“Doinggoodfeelseasierwhenyou’rewithpeoplewhoshareyourvalues.(当你和与你价值观相同的人在一起时，做好事会更容易)”可知，EmilieKoster的话暗示了共同价值观有助于建立有意义的社会联系。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据文章内容，JillMather退休后因健康问题无法旅行，转而开始在社区捡垃圾，并带动越来越多的人加入，成立了社区清洁志愿者小组，还组织社交活动，增进了人与人之间的友谊，由此可推断出JillMather是一个有爱心且鼓舞人心的人。CHealthenthusiastsarenostrangerstofitnessappsthathelpthemcountcalories,tracksteps,monitorheartrate,andmore.Whiletheirmainaimistoencouragepeopletostayfitbysettingtargetsforworkouttime,sleepduration,andhealthyeating,researcherswarnthatmanyoftheseappsaren’tequippedwith“evidence-basedortheory-based”approachestosupportthesehealthychangesandcanendupsettinggoalsthatare“difficulttoachieve.”ResearchersatUniversityCollegeLondon(UCL)foundthatfitnessappscanmakepeoplefeeldemotivatedtoexercise.PaulinaBondaronekofUCLsaid,“Fitnessappsremainsomeofthemostprofitableandwidelydownloadedhealthtoolsglobally.Whiletheycanbenefithealth,there’sbeenfarlessattentiontotheirpotentialdownsides.Whenhealthisreducedtocaloriecountsandstepgoals,itcanleavepeoplefeelingashamedanddisconnectedfromwhattrulydriveslastingwellbeing.”InastudypublishedintheBritishJournalofHealthPsychology,theresearchersanalyzed58,881Xpostsusingartificialintelligence,investigatingthenegativeimpactofthefivemostprofitablecommercialfitnessappsinMarch2022,suchasMyFitnessPal:CalorieCounter,Strava,WeightWatchers,WorkoutsbyMuscleBooster,andFitnessCoach&Diet:FitCoach.Someofthenegativeconsequencesincludedstressfromquantifyingdietandphysicalactivityandthesettingofgoalsthatwereattimesunfeasibleandoverlysimplifiedbyalgorithms(算法).Fivemainthemesemerged,showingthatcalorietracking,strictgoals,andconstanterrorsoftenledtodepressionandguilt.Someusersfeltdepressedandstressedbytheseappsandreportedfeelingsofshameanddisappointment,leadingthemtoquittheappsorgiveuphealthybehaviors.Itwasalsonotedthatalgorithmsdonotfullyrecognizeindividualdifferencesorunderstandreal-lifecomplexities.Problemslikeinformationnotmatchingacrossdevices,inaccuratecaloriecounts,orinconsistentdataledtostress,anxietyandlackofmotivation.Severalusers,however,alsonotedthathealthwasapersonalresponsibilityandthattheappscouldn’tbeheldresponsibleforeatingdisorders.Rather,theycanbeusedinahealthyway.Theresearchersconcluded:“Thecurrentstudyhighlightstheneedforbetterevaluationofcommercialfitnessapps,aswellasmoreuser-centredandpsychologicallyinformedappdesignthatprioritizeswell-beingandinnermotivationoverrigid,quantitative(量化的)goals—and,indeed,profit.”28.WhatisPaulinaBondaronek’sattitudetowardsthecurrentfitnessapps?A.Satisfied. B.Dismissive. C.Neutral. D.Critical.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unfeasible”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Unrealistic. B.Unnecessary. C.Unchangeable. D.Unavoidable.30.Whichofthefollowingisanegativeimpactoffitnessappsmentionedinthetext?A.Theyforceuserstochangetheireatinghabits.B.Theyleadtousers’depressionandlossofmotivation.C.Theycannothelpuserstracktheirdailystepsaccurately.D.Theymakeuserspaymuchattentiontotheirappearance.31.Whatistheresearchers’suggestionregardingfitnessappdesign?A.Simplifyfitnessgoals. B.Valuehealthovermakingmoney.C.Updatealgorithmstomatchdevices. D.Focusonusers’outerperformance.【答案】28.D29.A30.B31.B【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了伦敦大学学院的一项研究，指出当前主流商业健身应用存在诸多弊端：其算法设定的目标往往不切实际且过于简化，会导致用户产生压力、抑郁和内疚感，甚至放弃健康行为。研究呼吁健身应用应采用更以用户为中心、基于心理学的设计，优先考虑用户的身心健康而非利润。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“PaulinaBondaronekofUCLsaid,“Fitnessappsremainsomeofthemostprofitableandwidelydownloadedhealthtoolsglobally.Whiletheycanbenefithealth,there’sbeenfarlessattentiontotheirpotentialdownsides.Whenhealthisreducedtocaloriecountsandstepgoals,itcanleavepeoplefeelingashamedanddisconnectedfromwhattrulydriveslastingwellbeing.”(UCL的保罗娜·邦达罗内克说：“健身应用程序是全球范围内最赚钱且下载量最大的健康工具之一。虽然它们对健康有益，但对其潜在的负面影响却关注甚少。当健康被简化为卡路里计数和步数目标时，这会让人们感到羞愧，并与真正推动持久健康的因素脱节。”)”可推知，保罗娜·邦达罗内克对当前的健身应用程序持批评的态度。【29题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线单词句中“Someofthenegativeconsequencesincludedstressfromquantifyingdietandphysicalactivity...(其中一些负面影响包括：量化饮食和身体活动所带来的压力……)”以及下文“Fivemainthemesemerged,showingthatcalorietracking,strictgoals,andconstanterrorsoftenledtodepressionandguilt.(五个主要主题浮现出来，表明卡路里追踪、严格的目标以及频繁的错误常常导致抑郁和内疚感)”可知，此处指的是算法设定的有时不切实际且过于简化的目标。故可猜测划线单词unfeasible为“不切实际的”意思，和A选项Unrealistic“不切实际的”意思相近。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Fivemainthemesemerged,showingthatcalorietracking,strictgoals,andconstanterrorsoftenledtodepressionandguilt.(五个主要主题浮现出来，表明卡路里追踪、严格的目标以及频繁的错误常常导致抑郁和内疚感)”以及第五段中“Problemslikeinformationnotmatchingacrossdevices,inaccuratecaloriecounts,orinconsistentdataledtostress,anxietyandlackofmotivation.(诸如设备间的信息不匹配、卡路里计数不准确或数据不一致等问题导致了压力、焦虑和缺乏动力)”可知，文中提到的健身应用程序所带来的负面影响是它们导致用户产生抑郁情绪并失去动力。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theresearchersconcluded:“Thecurrentstudyhighlightstheneedforbetterevaluationofcommercialfitnessapps,aswellasmoreuser-centredandpsychologicallyinformedappdesignthatprioritizeswell-beingandinnermotivationoverrigid,quantitative(量化的)goals—and,indeed,profit.”(研究人员得出结论：“本次研究强调了对商业健身应用程序进行更全面评估的必要性，同时还需要更具用户导向性和基于心理学原则的应用程序设计，这种设计应当把身心健康和内在动力置于严格的量化目标，甚至利润之上。”)”可推知，对于健身应用程序的设计，研究人员提出了重视健康而非盈利。DAstudypublishedinAnimalBehaviorreportsthatbullsharks(牛鲨)havefriendshipdynamicssimilartohumansocialgroups.“Contrarytocommonlyheldperceptionsofsharks,ourstudyshowstheyhaverelativelyrichandcomplexsociallives,”saidthestudyauthorandUniversityofExeterbehavioralecologistDarrenCroft.Sharkswerehistoricallyassumedtobeloners.It’snowknownthattheyhangoutingroups,butgatheringtogetherdoesn'tnecessarilymeansocializing.Theycouldjustbetakingadvantageofsafetyinnumbers.Theresearchersusedsixyearsofobservationaldataof184individuallyrecognizablebullsharksattheSharkReefMarineReserveinFijitodeterminewhethertheyformedsocialbonds,definedas“joiningandremaininginagrouponthebasisofsocialattractiontootherindividuals.”Whensharkswereseenswimmingwithinonebodylengthofeachother,itwascountedasan“association.”Whentheyalsointeractedbyparallel(平行)swimming;leadingorfollowing;orjoiningorturningbackfromanothershark,itwascountedas“socialinteractions”.Scientistsidentifiedmalesandfemalesbycheckingformalereproductiveorgans.Toolswereusedtoestimatesize,whileagewascalculatedfromexistingdata.Accordingtotheauthors,thesharksformedgroupsnotjustbecausetheywereinthesameplaceatthesametime,butbecausetheyactivelychosetointeractwithcertainindividuals.Theresultsrevealedthatsexandageinfluencedhowthesharksassociatedwitheachother.Bothmalesandfemalespreferredtosocializewithfemales.Adultsharkswereresponsibleformostofthesocialbehavior,andtheypreferentiallyassociatedwithotheradults.Subadults(亚成体)weremuchlesssocialwithintheirageclassandpreferredhangingaroundwithadults.“Ashumans,webuildarangeofsocialrelationships—fromloosetiestoourbestfriends,butwealsoactivelyavoidcertainpeople—andthesebullsharksaredoingsimilarthings,”explainedaleadauthorNatashaD.Marosi.Asforthebenefitsofbullsharkfriendships,theycouldbesharingknowledge,gainingprotectionfrombiggerindividuals,orlookingforfuturemates.32.HowdoesDarrenCroftviewthetraditionalunderstandingofsharks?A.Itisbasedonsolidandsufficientevidence.B.Itcorrectlyidentifiesthemaslonelyhunters.C.Itislargelyinaccurateontheirsocialbehavior.D.Itoverestimatesthecomplexityoftheirsociallives.33.Accordingtoparagraph3,whichbehavioriscountedasa“socialinteraction”?A.Swimminginclosephysicaldistance.B.Joiningagroupbasedontimeandspaceoverlap.C.Gatheringtogethertofindresourcesinlargegroups.D.Engaginginparallelswimmingorleadingandfollowing.34.Whatdotheresultsofthestudysuggest?A.Bullsharks’socialbehaviorispurposeful. B.Subadultbullsharksaremoresocialthanadults.C.Malebullsharksprefertosocializewithmales. D.Ageaffectsbullsharksocialbondsmost.35.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph5?A.Howsharksswimingroups. B.Whataffectssharksocialbehavior.C.Howresearchersdefinesocialbonds. D.Whyfemalesharksaremorepopular.【答案】32.C33.D34.A35.B【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了一项研究发现牛鲨拥有类似人类的复杂社交关系和友谊。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中““Contrarytocommonlyheldperceptionsofsharks,

ourstudyshowstheyhaverelativelyrichandcomplexsociallives,”saidthestudyauthorandUniversityofExeterbehavioralecologistDarrenCroft.(埃克塞特大学行为生态学家DarrenCroft说：“与人们对鲨鱼的普遍看法相反，我们的研究表明，它们的社会生活相对丰富而复杂。”)”可知，传统观点认为鲨鱼是独行侠，这一看法在社交行为方面是不准确的。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whentheyalsointeractedbyparallel(平行)

swimming;leadingorfollowing;orjoiningorturningbackfromanothershark,itwascountedas“socialinteractions”.(当它们通过平行游泳、领游或跟随、或者加入另一条鲨鱼或从其身边折返来互动时，这被算作“社交互动”。)”可知，平行游泳或领游跟随等行为被视为社交互动。【34题详析】推理判断题。​根据第四段中“Accordingtotheauthors,thesharksformedgroupsnotjustbecausetheywereinthesameplaceatthesametime,butbecausetheyactivelychosetointeractwithcertainindividuals.(据作者称，牛鲨成群结队不仅仅是因为它们在相同的时间和地点，而是因为它们主动选择与特定的个体互动。)”以及第五段中“Theresultsrevealedthatsexandageinfluencedhowthesharksassociatedwith

each

other.(研究结果表明，性别和年龄会影响鲨鱼之间的互动方式。)”可知，牛鲨的社交行为是基于性别和年龄等因素的主动选择，具有目的性。【35题详析】主旨大意题。​根据第五段第一句“Theresultsrevealedthatsexandageinfluencedhowthesharksassociatedwitheachother.(结果显示，性别和年龄影响了鲨鱼之间的交往方式。)”以及后文的具体阐述可知，本段主要讨论了影响鲨鱼社交行为的因素。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imagineabackyardclimbingwallwherekidsclimb,play,andbuildconfidencedaily.Itboostsstrength,focus,andcreativity.Readytotransformyourbackyard?Let’sdivein!Pickingtherightwallisimportantforsafetyandfun.____36____Woodiscommonandstrong;plasticislightweightforyoungerkids;metaladdsdurability(耐用性)butmaybeheavier.Chooseweather-resistantandsmoothones.Besides,sizedependsonavailablespaceandchildren’sskill.Smallwalls(4-6feet)workforbeginners,whilemediumwalls(6-8feet)suitolderkids.Propermountingensuressafetyanddurability.Chooseaflat,shadedspotawayfrompoolsorhardsurfaces,withroomforpadding(垫子).____37____DIYsavesmoneybutneedsskillsandtime;hiringaspecialistcostsmorebutguara