2024年中职复习中职英语语法-状语从句课

状语从句状语是用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或句子的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。什么是状语从句？IlearnEnglisheveryday.IlearnEnglishwhenIfinishmyhomework.状语从句的分类地点状语从句

时间状语从句

条件状语从句原因状语从句

目的状语从句

方式状语从句让步状语从句

结果状语从句

比较状语从句地时条原目方让结比时间状从—when/while/asWhen引导的时间状语从句:1.可以表示一个时间点，也可以表示一个时间段。2.从句可以用非延续性动词，也可以用延续性动词。3.既可与主句的动作同时发生，又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。Whenshecameintomyroom,Iwasjustreadingabook.Whenshewasmakingakite,shecutherselfcarelessly.WhenIfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttoplayfootball.when+短动作(非延续性动词)→表示动作/时间点when+长动作(延续性动词)→表示状态/时间段when后跟的从句可用一般时态也可用进行时态，但是常用的是一般时态，主句的时态没有限制。时间状从—when/while/asWhile引导的时间状语从句:1.表示一个时间段。2.从句用延续性动词。3.主从句动作同时发生。Whilehewaseatinghisbreakfast,heheardthedoorbellrang.Somestudentswerereadingwhileothersarewriting.IwentshoppingwhileLindacleanedthehouse.while+长动作(延续性动词)→表示状态/时间段while后跟的从句常用的是进行时态，主句的时态没有限制。时间状从—when/while/asAs引导的时间状语从句:强调伴随，同时发生

“一边一边”“随着”Hehurthislegashewasrunningforabus.Asyougetbetteratthejob,youwillfindthatitbecomeseasier.从短用when从长用when/while主从都长用while一边一边找as1.—Whatwereyoudoing______thefirehappened.—IwaswatchingTVathome.A.if

B.while

C.when

D.since2.Theboy_____hishomeworkwhenhisparents______in.A.wasdoing,werecoming

B.did,comeC.did,werecoming

D.wasdoing,came3.Marywassittinginthelivingroom,_____Jackwas

readingamagazineinhisbedroom.A.until

B.when

C.if

D.while4.Hesawthecaraccident_______hegotoffthebus.A.since

B.as

C.until

D.while5.

—Whatwereyoudoing______thestormcame?—Iwasreading_______mymotherwascooking.A.when;when

B.while;when

C.when;while

D.while;whileCDDCB时间状从：till/untilPleasewaitheretillIcomeback.Heworkeduntilitwasdark.not...till/until:直到...才用于否定句时,主句的动作一般是短暂性的,它所表示的动作直到till或until所表示的时间才发生Hedidn’tgetuptillhismothercamein.Hedidn’tmarryuntilhewasthirty.till/until:到.....为止用于肯定句时,主句的动作一般是延续性的,它表示的动作一直延续到tiil或until所表示的时间为止时间状从：till/until用于句首时，不用till，用untilNotuntil1985didhecomeback.Untilthen,Iknewnothingatallaboutit.时间状从：

一...就...assoonasAssoonasIfinishthework,I’llgotoseeyou.Hegotmarriedassoonashegraduated.nosooner......than......hardly/scarcely......when......NosoonerhadIreachedthebusstopthanthebusstarted.HardlyhadIenteredtheroomwhenIheardaloudnoise.主句：过去完成从句：一般过去其他表达：themoment,theminute,theinstant,immediately,directly时间状从：before/afterbefore:主句动作先发生，从句动作后发生Shegavemeahehebeforesheputmeintoherblacklist.after:主句动作后发生，从句动作先发生HewenttoBeijingafterheleftChengdu.Itwillbe+一段时间+before从句ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.Itwon’tbelongbeforewemeetagain.时间状从：sincesince+短暂性动词(一般过去时)，主句用完成时,从句表示的时间为“从动作开始的那一刻起”IhavebeeninBeijingsinceyouleft.since+延续性动词/表示状态动词(一般过去时)主句用完成时，从句表示的时间为“从动作结束的那一刻起”Ihaven'theardanynoisesincelslept.瞬间表开始延续表结束Itis(hasbeen)+时间段+since从句（过去时）Itis（hasbeen)twentyyearssincehejoinedthearmy.Exercise1.—Whatwereyoudoing______thestormcame?—Iwastakingashower_______myfatherwasreadinganewspaper.A.when;when

B.while;when C.when;while2.Marywassittinginthelivingroom______Jackwasreadingamagazineinhis

bedroom.A.until

B.after

C.before

D.while3.Hesawthecaraccident______hegotoffthebus.A.since

B.as C.until

D.while4.Tonyhasbeensad_____helosthisfavoritetoycar.Sohismotherdecidestobuy

himanewone.A.if B.since C.unless D.when5.It'simportantforusstudentstomakeaplanforstudying_____thenewterm

begins.A.though

B.until

C.unless

D.beforeCDBBDExercise6.______thetrafficaccidenthappenedtohim,Jackcouldn'twalkbyhimself.A.Before

B.When C.Assoonas

D.After7.—Whydoyoulooksotired,David?—Oh,Ididn'tgotosleep____12o'clocklastnight.Iwasbusypreparingformy

exam.A.while

B.until

C.when

D.after8.Themeetinghadstarted______hearrivedthere.A.allthetime

B.bythetime

C.ontime

D.intime9.—Whenwillyousendthebooktome?—I‘ll

give

it

to

you_____Ifinishit.A.sothat

B.before

C.assoonas

D.unless10.LiJiankunwaswalkingpasttheschoolgate________hesawawallet

onthe

ground.A.while;lie

B.when;lying

C.while;lying

D.when;layDBBCB条件状从引导词：if,aslongas,unless,incaseWe'llgotheSummerPalaceifitisfinetomorrow.Whatshallwedoifhedoesn'tcome?Youmaykeepthebookaslongasyoukeepitclean.Youwillmissthefirstbusunlessyoustartearlier.Onecan'tlearnaforeignlanguageunlesshestudieshard.IthinkI'lltakeanumbrellaincaseitrains,主将从现在时间状语从句，条件状语从句和让步状语从句中，假如主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。①WhenIgrowup,Iwillbeateacher.②Wewon'tgooutingifitrains'tomorrow.③Theywillneverletyouknowuntilithappens。④Iwill'giveyouaringassoonasIgettoShanghai.⑤Unlessyougoatonce,youwill

belate.主将从现主将从现的其他形式：主祈从现：主句为祈使句，从句用一般现在时主情从现：主句有情态动词，从句用一般现在时①IfIforget,pleaseremindme.②Youmayaskmeifyouhaveanyquestions.③Don’ttalkloudlywhenyouareinlibrary.Exercise1.If

it____tomorrowwe'llgotothepark.A.willnotrain

B.doesn'train

C.isnotraining

D.didn'train2.—Doyouknowwhenhewillcomebacktomorrow?—Sorry,Idon'tknow.Whenhe______back,I’lltellyou.A.comes

B.willcome

C.come

D.maycome3.—Youhaveneverbeenaboard,I'mworriedaboutyou.—Don'tworry.AssoonasI_______,I_____you.A.willarrive,call

B.willarrive,willcallC.arrive,willcall

D.arrive,call4.Itwillbealongtime_____Peter_____hiswork.A.since,hasfinished

B.after,finishesC.when,willfinish

D.before,finishes5.Wecan'tavoidtrafficaccidentsunlesseveryone______therules.A.follows

B.breaks

C.willfollow

D.willbreakBACDA地点状语从句引导词：where，wherever①Weshallgowhereworkingconditionsaredifficult.②Youarefreetogowhereveryoulike.Weshallgowhereworkingconditionsaredifficult.Weshallgotheplacewhereworkingconditionsaredifficult.地点状从和定语从句的区别：有无先行词原因状语从句引导词语气位置词义用法because最强句首或句中因为表示客观的原因，用于回答“why”问句since较弱常位于句首既然双方已知道，显而易见，无需加以说明的理由as较弱常位于句首由于主句说明结果，as从句说明原因for最弱句中，不可放句首因为含有推测的原因Westayedathomebecauseitwasraininghard.Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sstart.Asitissnowing,weshallnotgotothepark.Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.目的状语从句引导词：sothat,inorderthatHegotupearlyinorderthathecouldgetthereintime.Workhardsothatyoucanpasstheexam.IhurriedsothatIwouldn’tbelatefortheexam.Hegotupearlyinorderthathecouldgetthereintime.Hegotupearlyinordertogetthereintime.方式状语从句引导词：as,asif,asthoughWheninRome,doasRomansdo.Hespokeasif/thoughheknewthematterverywell.让步状语从句引导词：as,though,althoughTherewerefewpeopleinthestreetsalthoughitwasonlyteno’clock.ThoughIdidn’tunderstandaword,Ikeptwinning.TiredasIwas,Iwentonworking.Heavilyasitwasrainingoutside,theystartedoutveryearly.as引导的让步状语从句，一般是把从句的表语或者状语放在as前面。让步状语从句引导词：evenif/eventhoughIwon’tmindevenifhedoesn’tcome.I’llgetthereeventhoughIhavetowalkalltheway.引导词：whether...or(not),whileWhetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.I’llmarryhimwhetherheispoororrich.WhileIunderstandwhatyousay,Ican’tagreewithyou.让步状语从句引导词：nomatter+特殊疑问词=wh-everNomatterwhotelephones,sayIamout.=Whoevertelephones,sayI’mout.Nomatterwhereyougo,youcanhearthissong.=Whereveryougo,youcanhearthissong.Exercise1._____mygrandpaisover80yearsold,hestilllooksstrongandhealthy.A.Although

B.Because

C.Unless

D.So2.Someyoungpeopletakepart-timejobstoprotectthewildanimals._______it

is

a

littlething,theythinkit'smeaningful.A.As

long

as

B.As

soon

as C.Eventhough3.—_____theyaretwinbrothers,______theydon'tlooklikeeachother.—Yes.It'seasytotellwhoistheelderbrother.A.Eventhough;

B.Eventhough;but

C.Sincethen;/4.Judyisanoutgoinggirl.Sheshowseverythingonherface,______sheishappyor

not.A.whether

B.until

C.unless D.althoughACAA5.______Iwalkaroundinthissmalltown,whatIseemakesmethinkofmy

childhood.A.Whatever

B.Wherever

C.Whoever

D.However6.Nomatter_______decisionyoumake,I'llalwaysbetherewithyou.A.what

B.how

C.when

D.why7.Nomatter_______badthesituationaheadofusis,ourfamilyandbestfriendsare

alwaysthereforus.A.what

B.where

C.how

D.whenExerciseBAC比较状语从句引导词：than(比...),as...as(和...一样),notas(so)...as(不如...),the+比较级...，the+比较级...(越...，就越...）Heforgetsfasterthanhelearns.ShespeaksEnglishaswellasyoudo.Itisnotaseasyasyouthink.Themorehegets,themorehewants.比较状语从句JohnplaysfootballaswellasDavid(does).1.从句中有些成分常被省略，只剩下被比较的对象TheweatherofNanjinginsummerishotterthanthatofBeijing.2.that常用于比较结构中，常用来指代前面出现的单数可数名词或不可数名词asHehurthislegashewasrunningforabus.TiredasIwas,Iwentonworking.WheninRome,doasRomansdo.ShespeaksEnglishaswellasyoudo.Asitissnowing,weshallnotgotothepark.时间状语从句让步状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句原因状语从句whileSomestudentswerereadingwhileothersarewritingWhileIunderstandwhatyousay,Ican’tagreewithyou.Janeishard-workingwhilehersisterisquitelazy.时间状语从句让步状语从句转折连词：然而sinceIhavebeeninBeijingsinceyouleft.Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sstart.时间状语从句原因状语从句ifWe'llgotheSummerPalaceifitisfinetomorrow.Iwonderifhewillcomestomorrow.条件状语从句宾语从句if在条件状语从句中译为“如果”，时态为一般现在时；if在宾语从句译为“是否”，时态遵循宾语从句的时态原则。1.Iwouldappreciateit_____youcallbackthisafternoonforthedoctor'sappointment.A.until

B.if

C.when

D.that2.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe_______.A.willarrive

B.isgoingtoarriveC.arrives

D.isarriving3.—IsMr.Sm