北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷（含详细答案解析）

北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷（含详细答案解析）考试说明1.本试卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟。2.本试卷包括听力理解、知识运用、阅读理解、书面表达四个部分。3.所有试题答案均需书写在指定答题区域，否则无效。第一部分听力理解（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）第一节短对话理解（共10小题）听下面10段短对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.BuyabookB.BorrowabookC.Sellabook2.Howwillthewomangotoschooltomorrow?A.BybusB.BybikeC.Onfoot3.Whattimewillthemeetingstart?A.At8:00B.At8:15C.At8:304.Whatistheman'sfavoritesport?A.SwimmingB.RunningC.Basketball5.Wherearethetwospeakers?A.InalibraryB.InarestaurantC.Inasupermarket6.Whyisthegirllate?A.ShemissedthebusB.ShegotuplateC.Herbikebrokedown7.Whatsubjectdoestheboylikebest?A.MathB.EnglishC.History8.HowmuchistheT-shirt?A.50yuanB.80yuanC.100yuan9.Whatwillthewomandothisweekend?A.GohikingB.VisithergrandparentsC.Dohomework10.What'stheweatherliketoday?A.SunnyB.RainyC.Windy第二节长对话与独白理解（共5小题）听下面2段长对话和1段独白，每段材料后有若干小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段材料读两遍。听第11段材料，回答第11、12题11.Whatisthewomanpreparingfor?A.ApartyB.AnexamC.Atrip12.Whenwillshefinishherpreparation?A.ThisFridayB.ThisSaturdayC.ThisSunday听第12段材料，回答第13、14题13.Whowillgototheparkwiththeboy?A.HissisterB.HisfriendC.Hisbrother14.Whatwilltheydointhepark?A.FlykitesB.HaveapicnicC.Takephotos听第13段独白，回答第15题15.Whatisthemaintopicofthespeech?A.SchoolrulesB.AschoolactivityC.Dailystudyplans第二部分知识运用（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）第一节单项填空（共10小题）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。16.—Haveyoufinished______homework?—Yes,Ihave.A.youB.yourC.yoursD.yourself17.Mymotherusuallygetsup______sixo'clockinthemorning.A.inB.onC.atD.for18.There______abookandtwopensonthedesk.A.isB.areC.wasD.were19.Tomplays______footballverywell,buthecan'tplay______piano.A.the;theB./;/C.the;/D./;the20.______heavilyitisraining!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa21.I______toBeijingtwice.It'sabeautifulcity.A.goB.wentC.havegoneD.havebeen22.You______bequietinthelibrary.A.canB.mustC.mayD.could23.Thisisthebestmovie______Ihaveeverseen.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what24.Ifit______tomorrow,wewillstayathome.A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.rained25.—Couldyoutellme______thenearestsupermarketis?—It'snexttothehospital.A.whatB.howC.whereD.when第二节完形填空（共10小题）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Lastsummer,Itookpartinasummercampinthecountryside.Atfirst,IwasworriedbecauseIdidn'tknowanyonethere.IwasashypersonandIwasafraidtotalktonewpeople.Onthefirstday,ourteacheraskedustointroduce26infrontoftheclass.Myheartbeatfast.Iwantedtohidemyself.However,whenIsawthewarmsmilesonmyclassmates'faces,Ifelt27.Itookadeepbreathandtoldeveryonemynameandmyhobbies.Duringthecamp,wedidmanyinteresting28.Weplantedvegetables,pickedfruitsandlearnedtocooksimplemealsbyourselves.Iusedtobelazyandneverdidhouseworkathome.Butthecamptaughtmetobe29.Ilearnedtotakecareofmyselfandworkwithothers.Ialsomadeseveralgoodfriends.Westudiedtogether,playedtogetherandsharedourstories.Timepassed30.BeforeIknewit,thecampwasover.Thissummercampwasagreat31forme.Ithelpedmebecomemoreoutgoingandconfident.Inolongerfearcommunicatingwithstrangers.Ialsounderstandthat32isanimportantpartofgrowth.Nomatterwhatdifficultieswemeet,weshould33bravelyandtryourbesttoovercomethem.Ireallycherishthememoriesofthecamp.Ibelievetheseexperienceswill34meinmyfuturelife.IhopeIcanhavemorechancesto35differentactivitiesandimprovemyself.26.A.myselfB.yourselfC.ourselvesD.themselves27.A.nervousB.relaxedC.excitedD.surprised28.A.activitiesB.gamesC.sportsD.jobs29.A.carefulB.creativeC.independentD.patient30.A.slowlyB.quicklyC.quietlyD.clearly31.A.lessonB.chanceC.experienceD.story32.A.practiceB.challengeC.successD.happiness33.A.faceB.avoidC.watchD.follow34.A.troubleB.supportC.changeD.influence35.A.joinB.attendC.takeD.participate第三部分阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。PassageAReadingisoneofthebesthabitsapersoncandevelop.Itbringsusknowledge,broadensourhorizonsandenrichesourlife.Forstudents,readingisespeciallyimportant.Firstly,readinghelpsuslearnmoreknowledge.Textbookscanonlyprovideuswithbasicknowledge,butextra-curricularbookscovervariousfields,includinghistory,science,artandliterature.Throughreading,wecanknowmoreabouttheworldwelivein.Secondly,readingimprovesourwritingability.Whenwereadexcellentarticles,wecanlearngoodwords,sentencesandwritingskills.Gradually,ourownwritinglevelwillbeimproved.Thirdly,readingcalmsourmind.Inourbusystudylife,readingcanhelpusrelaxandreducepressure.Itmakesusfeelpeacefulandpositive.However,manystudentsspendtoomuchtimeonmobilephonesandgames,ignoringtheimportanceofreading.Toformagoodreadinghabit,wecanmakeareadingplaneveryweek,choosebooksweareinterestedin,andsticktoreadingeveryday.36.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThewaystoimprovewritingB.TheimportanceofreadingandhowtoreadwellC.Differentkindsofextra-curricularbooksD.Theproblemsofstudents'studylife37.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthebenefitofreading?A.LearningmoreknowledgeB.ImprovingwritingskillsC.MakingmorefriendsD.Relaxingourselves38.Whatdoesthewriteradvisestudentstodo?A.ReadtextbooksallthetimeB.StopusingmobilephonesC.MakeweeklyreadingplansD.ReaddifficultbookseverydayPassageBMynameisLiMing.Iamahighschoolstudent.Ihaveahealthylifestyle,whichkeepsmeenergeticeveryday.Igetupat6:30everymorning.ThenIdomorningexercisesforhalfanhour.Ithinkexerciseisthebestwaytokeephealthy.Afterexercise,Ihaveahealthybreakfast,includingmilk,eggsandbread.Ineverskipbreakfast.Atschool,Ilistentoteacherscarefullyinclassandfinishmyhomeworkontime.Afterschool,Idon'tstayuplate.Iusuallygotobedat9:30pm.Enoughsleepmakesmefocusedinclassthenextday.Inmyfreetime,Ipreferoutdooractivitiestostayingathome.Ioftenrun,playbasketballorclimbmountainswithmyclassmates.Theseactivitiesnotonlybuildupmybody,butalsostrengthenmyfriendshipwithothers.Ibelieveahealthylifestyleisthefoundationofefficientstudy.Ithelpsmekeepapositiveattitudetowardsstudyandlife.39.WhattimedoesLiMinggetupeveryday?A.At6:00B.At6:30C.At7:00D.At7:3040.WhatdoesLiMingdotokeephealthy?A.HeskipsbreakfastsometimesB.HestaysuplatetostudyC.HedoesmorningexerciseseverydayD.Heonlyplaysindoorgames41.WhatcanwelearnfromLiMing'slifestyle?A.SleephasnoinfluenceonstudyB.OutdooractivitiesareuselessC.HealthylifestylehelpsstudyalotD.StudyismoreimportantthanhealthPassageCTraditionalChinesecultureisrichandcolorful,andteacultureisanimportantpartofit.Teahasahistoryofmorethan4,000yearsinChina.Inancienttimes,peopleusedteaasmedicine.Later,teagraduallybecameapopulardrinkindailylife.TherearemanykindsofteainChina,suchasgreentea,blacktea,oolongteaandwhitetea.Differentkindsofteahavedifferenttastesandeffects.Drinkingteahasmanybenefits.Itcanrefreshourmind,relievetirednessandimprovedigestion.Moreover,teacultureisalsoakindofspiritualculture.Drinkingteaquietlyhelpspeoplecalmdownandcultivatetheirtemperament.Nowadays,Chineseteacultureisbecomingmoreandmorepopulararoundtheworld.ManyforeignpeoplebegintolearnaboutChineseteaandteaculture.IthasbecomeanimportantbridgeforChineseculturalcommunicationwiththeworld.Weshouldinheritandpromotetraditionalteaculture,letmorepeopleknowthecharmofChinesetraditionalculture.42.HowlongisthehistoryofteainChina?A.Over3,000yearsB.Over4,000yearsC.Over5,000yearsD.Over6,000years43.Whatdidpeopleuseteaforinancienttimes?A.DailydrinkB.DecorationC.MedicineD.Gift44.WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofdrinkingtea?A.RefreshingthemindB.RelievingtirednessC.ImprovingdigestionD.Curingalldiseases45.Whatisthemeaningofteaculturenowadays?A.ItisonlyadailydrinkforChinesepeopleB.IthelpsspreadChinesetraditionalcultureC.IthasnoinfluenceonforeigncountriesD.ItreplacesothertraditionalculturesPassageDVolunteeringisameaningfulactivity.Itmeansofferinghelptootherswithoutgettingpaid.Moreandmoreyoungpeopletakepartinvolunteeractivitiesnowadays.Lastweekend,Itookpartinacommunityvolunteeractivity.MyclassmatesandIwenttotheoldpeople'shomenearourcommunity.Wecleanedtheroomsfortheelderly,washedtheirclothesandchattedwiththem.Someofussangsongsandtoldstoriestomakethemhappy.Theoldpeoplewereverymoved.Theysaidtheyfeltwarmandlesslonely.Talkingwiththem,Ilearnedalotofoldstoriesandlifeexperiences.Irealizedthattheelderlyneedmorecareandcompany.Volunteeringbringsmealotofgains.Itteachesmetobegratefulandresponsible.Italsomakesmeunderstandthathelpingothersishelpingourselves.Whenwebringhappinesstoothers,wecanalsogethappinessandsatisfaction.Iwillkeeptakingpartinvolunteeractivitiesinthefutureandtrymybesttohelpmorepeopleinneed.46.Whatisvolunteeringaccordingtothepassage?A.WorkingformoneyB.HelpingothersforfreeC.JoiningschoolactivitiesD.Makingfriendswithothers47.Whatdidthewriterdointheoldpeople'shome?A.TaughttheoldpeopletoreadB.CleanedroomsandchattedwiththeelderlyC.BoughtgiftsfortheoldpeopleD.Tooktheoldpeopleoutforawalk48.Whatdidthewriterlearnfromtheactivity?A.OldpeoplearelonelyallthetimeB.HelpingothersbringshappinessC.VolunteeractivitiesaretiringD.It'shardtogetalongwiththeelderly49.Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardsvolunteering?A.NegativeB.DoubtfulC.SupportiveD.Uninterested50.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AMeaningfulVolunteerActivityB.HowtoCarefortheElderlyC.MyColorfulWeekendLifeD.TheImportanceofMakingFriends第四部分书面表达（共1小题，10分）51.假定你是红星中学学生李华，你的外国笔友Peter来信，询问你平时的课余生活。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：1.课余参与的活动（阅读、运动、志愿服务等）；2.课余生活带给你的收获；3.邀请他分享他的课余生活。注意：词数80词左右；开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数；语句通顺，语法正确。DearPeter,I'mgladtoreceiveyouremail.Youaskedaboutmysparetimelife,andI'dliketoshareitwithyou._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua参考答案及详细解析第一部分听力理解（参考答案）1.B2.C3.B4.A5.B6.A7.B8.B9.B10.A11.B12.A13.B14.A15.B听力说明：本套听力试题为北京会考标准题型，对话及独白语速贴合真实考场，话题均围绕校园生活、日常出行、兴趣爱好、社会实践等高频会考场景。第二部分知识运用（答案+解析）第一节单项填空16.B解析：考查形容词性物主代词。修饰名词homework需用形容词性物主代词your，you为主格/宾格，yours为名词性物主代词，yourself为反身代词。17.C解析：考查时间介词。具体时刻前用介词at；in用于年、月、季节前；on用于具体日期前。18.A解析：考查therebe句型主谓一致。遵循就近原则，be动词单复数由紧邻的abook（单数）决定，本句为一般现在时，用is。19.D解析：考查冠词用法。球类运动前不加冠词，乐器前必须加定冠词the。20.C解析：考查感叹句。How引导的感叹句结构：How+副词/形容词+主语+谓语！本句修饰副词heavily，用how。21.D解析：考查现在完成时。havebeento表示“去过某地（已返回）”；havegoneto表示“去了某地（未返回）”，根据twice可知是去过两次，选D。22.B解析：考查情态动词。must表示“必须”，强调规则要求，图书馆必须保持安静，符合语境。can能够，may可以，could可能，均不符合。23.A解析：考查定语从句。先行词被最高级best修饰时，关系代词只能用that，不能用which。24.B解析：考查条件状语从句。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句主语it为单数，谓语动词用rains。25.C解析：考查宾语从句引导词。根据答语“挨着医院”可知，问句询问地点，用where。第二节完形填空26.C解析：考查反身代词。老师让我们所有人自我介绍，主语是we，对应反身代词ourselves。27.B解析：考查形容词辨析。前文说内心紧张，看到同学温暖的笑容后，应该变得放松。nervous紧张的，excited兴奋的，surprised惊讶的，均不符。28.A解析：考查名词辨析。后文列举种菜、摘水果、做饭等，均是夏令营的活动，activities符合语境。29.C解析：考查形容词辨析。前文说在家懒惰、不做家务，夏令营教会了作者独立，independent独立的。30.B解析：考查副词辨析。根据后文“不知不觉夏令营就结束了”，可知时间过得很快，quickly符合文意。31.C解析：考查名词辨析。本次夏令营是一次宝贵的人生经历，experience经历。lesson课程，chance机会，story故事，均不贴合。32.B解析：考查名词辨析。结合后文“克服困难”，可知挑战是成长的重要部分，challenge挑战。33.A解析：考查动词辨析。句意：无论遇到什么困难，我们都要勇敢面对。face面对，符合语境。34.D解析：考查动词辨析。这些经历会对未来的生活产生影响，influence影响。trouble麻烦，support支持，change改变，均不符。35.D解析：考查动词辨析。participatein为固定搭配，意为“参加活动”；join后接人/团体，attend后接会议/讲座。第三部分阅读理解（答案+解析）PassageA36.B解析：主旨大意题。文章前四段讲述阅读的重要意义，最后一段讲述如何养成阅读习惯，B选项完整概括全文主旨。37.C解析：细节判断题。文中提到阅读可增长知识、提升写作、放松身心，未提及“交朋友”，故选C。38.C解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“wecanmakeareadingplaneveryweek”可知，作者建议制定每周阅读计划。PassageB39.B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Igetupat6:30everymorning”可直接得出答案。40.C解析：细节判断题。文中提到李明每天晨练、吃早餐、早睡，ABD均与原文相悖，C正确。41.C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“ahealthylifestyleisthefoundationofefficientstudy”可知，健康的生活方式助力学习。PassageC42.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Teahasahistoryofmorethan4,000yearsinChina”可知答案。43.C解析：细节理解题