北京自考本科英语（二）真题试卷及详细参考答案解析

北京自考本科英语（二）真题试卷及详细参考答案解析考试说明：本试卷为北京高等教育自学考试本科公共课真题（课程代码00015），满分100分，考试时长150分钟，题型、分值、命题标准贴合北京自考统考要求。所有题目均为统考高频考点，答案搭配详细解析，适配备考刷题、自测复盘使用。第一部分阅读判断（第1-10题，每题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断其后句子的正误。正确选A（True），错误选B（False），未提及选C（NotGiven）。Manypeoplebelievethatbreakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday.Healthexpertshavelongadvisedpeopletoeatanutritiousbreakfasttostarttheirday.Agoodbreakfastprovidesessentialenergyforworkandstudy,improvesmetabolismandhelpspeoplekeepahealthyweight.However,inmodernfast-pacedlife,alargenumberofyoungpeopleskipbreakfast.Theystayuplateandgetuplateinthemorning,leavingnotimeforbreakfast.Someyoungpeoplethinkskippingbreakfastcanhelpthemloseweight.Infact,thishabitisharmfultophysicalhealth.Itwillcauselowbloodsugar,poorconcentrationandlong-termgastrointestinalproblems.Researchershavefoundthatpeoplewhokeepeatingbreakfastregularlyaremorelikelytohavestableemotionsandbetterworkefficiency.Asimplebreakfastwitheggs,milkandwholegrainsisenoughtomeetthebasicnutritionalneedsofthehumanbodyinthemorning.1.Healthexpertssuggestpeoplehaveagoodbreakfasteveryday.2.MostyoungpeopleinBeijingkeepthehabitofeatingbreakfast.3.Manyyoungpeopleskipbreakfastforthepurposeofweightloss.4.Skippingbreakfastwillnotaffectpeople’sconcentration.5.Regularbreakfasteaterstendtoworkmoreefficiently.6.Onlyexpensivebreakfastscanprovideenoughnutrition.7.Stayinguplateisonereasonforskippingbreakfast.8.Skippingbreakfastmaycausestomachproblemsinthelongrun.9.Oldpeoplearemorelikelytoskipbreakfastthanyoungpeople.10.Abreakfastwitheggsandwholegrainsisbeneficialtohealth.参考答案及详细解析1.A（True）解析：文章第一段明确提到健康专家长期建议人们吃营养的早餐，与题干表述一致。2.C（NotGiven）解析：文中仅提及大量年轻人不吃早餐，未专门说明北京年轻人的饮食习惯，无对应信息。3.A（True）解析：第二段提到部分年轻人认为不吃早餐可以减肥，因此刻意不吃早餐，题干表述正确。4.B（False）解析：文中明确指出不吃早餐会导致注意力不集中，与题干表述相反。5.A（True）解析：第三段研究发现，规律吃早餐的人情绪更稳定，工作效率更高，题干符合原文。6.B（False）解析：文末说明简单的鸡蛋、牛奶、粗粮早餐即可满足晨间营养需求，并非昂贵早餐才有效。7.A（True）解析：第二段提到年轻人熬夜、早起晚，没有时间吃早餐，熬夜是不吃早餐的原因之一。8.A（True）解析：长期不吃早餐会引发肠胃问题，属于原文明确提及的危害。9.C（NotGiven）解析：全文仅讨论年轻人吃早餐的习惯，未对比老年人与年轻人的差异。10.A（True）解析：文末明确鸡蛋、粗粮搭配的早餐可满足基础营养需求，对健康有益。第二部分阅读选择（第11-15题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。Readingisoneofthemosteffectivewaysofself-improvement.Unlikeshortvideosandsocialmediainformation,bookscarrysystematicandprofoundknowledge.Forordinarypeoplewhowanttoimprovethemselves,readingisthelowest-costandmostaccessiblewaytogrow.Manypeoplecomplainthattheyhavenotimetoread.Infact,timeforreadingisalwayshiddeninfragmentedmoments.Waitingforbuses,restingafterworkandmorningleisuretimecanallbeusedforreading.Itisnotthelackoftime,butthelackofpersistencethatstopsmostpeoplefromreading.Readingcanbringlong-termbenefits.Itbroadenspeople’shorizons,enrichespeople’sthoughtsandimproveslanguageexpressionability.Thesechangeswillnotappearovernight,butwillgraduallyaffectpeople’stemperamentandcognition.Peoplewhokeepreadingwillalwayskeepgrowingandhavemorechoicesinlife.11.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutreading?A.ItcostsalotofmoneyB.Itisgoodforself-growthC.ItwastesfragmentedtimeD.Itisonlyforstudents12.Whydomanypeoplefailtokeepreading?A.NoenoughtimeB.NosuitablebooksC.LackofpersistenceD.Toomuchworkpressure13.Whichofthefollowingisabenefitofreading?A.MakingpeoplerichquicklyB.Broadeningpeople’shorizonsC.HelpingpeoplefinishworkfastD.Reducingpeople’sresttime14.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.ShortvideoshavemoreprofessionalknowledgeB.ReadingchangespeoplegraduallyC.ReadingcanbringimmediatebenefitsD.Onlylong-timereadingisuseful15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheimportanceandbenefitsofreadingB.HowtomakefulluseofsparetimeC.ThedisadvantagesofsocialmediaD.Howtochoosegoodbooks参考答案及详细解析11.B解析：文章首句点明阅读是自我提升最有效的方式之一，是低成本的成长途径，对应自我成长。A错误，文中提到阅读成本低；C、D表述与原文完全相反。12.C解析：第二段末尾明确指出，阻碍人们阅读的不是没时间，而是缺乏坚持。A是人们的借口，并非真正原因。13.B解析：第三段直接列举阅读的好处：开阔眼界、丰富思想、提升语言表达能力。ACD均为无中生有。14.B解析：文中提到阅读的改变不会一蹴而就，会慢慢影响人的气质和认知，说明阅读是循序渐进改变人的。A短视频无系统知识；C阅读无即时收益；D碎片化阅读也有效。15.A解析：全文围绕阅读的价值、人们阅读的误区和阅读的长期益处展开，核心是阅读的重要性与好处。BCD均为片面内容。第三部分概括段落大意和补全句子（第16-25题，每题1分，共10分）Task1概括段落大意（16-20）A.Thepopularityofonlineshopping

B.Reasonsforchoosingonlineshopping

C.Problemsexistinginonlineshopping

D.Changesbroughtbyonlineshopping

E.Futuredevelopmentofonlineshopping16.Nowadays,onlineshoppinghasbecomeamainstreamconsumptionwayforyoungpeople.Mostpeoplechoosetobuydailynecessities,clothesandelectronicproductsonline.17.Onlineshoppingisconvenientandtime-saving.Peoplecanshopathomewithoutgoingtophysicalstores,andonlineproductsareusuallycheaperthanofflinegoods.18.Althoughonlineshoppingisconvenient,italsohasshortcomings.Consumersmayreceivefakeproducts,anditisdifficulttoreturngoodsinsomecases.19.Onlineshoppinghaschangedpeople’sconsumptionhabits.Italsopromotesthedevelopmentoflogisticsande-commerceindustries.20.Withtheimprovementofonlinesupervision,onlineshoppingwillbecomemorestandardizedandtrustworthyinthefuture.Task2补全句子（21-25）21.Onlineshoppingisa_____wayforyoungpeopletoconsume.22.Onlineproductsareusually_____thanofflineones.23.Oneshortcomingofonlineshoppingistheriskof_____products.24.Onlineshoppingpromotesthedevelopmentof_____industry.25.Onlineshoppingwillbemore_____withbettersupervision.参考答案及详细解析16.A解析：段落核心为网购成为年轻人主流消费方式，对应网购的普及度。17.B解析：段落介绍网购便捷、省时、价格低等优势，是人们选择网购的原因。18.C解析：段落讲述网购存在假货、售后难等问题，对应网购现存问题。19.D解析：段落说明网购改变消费习惯、带动行业发展，对应网购带来的改变。20.E解析：段落展望网购未来规范化、可信化的发展趋势。21.mainstream解析：原文首句提及网购是年轻人主流消费方式。22.cheaper解析：文中明确线上商品价格通常低于线下。23.fake解析：网购弊端之一是消费者可能收到假货。24.logisticsande-commerce解析：网购带动物流和电商行业发展。25.standardizedandtrustworthy解析：监管完善后，网购会更加规范、可信。第四部分填句补文（第26-30题，每题2分，共10分）短文后有5个句子，请根据短文内容，将句子填入对应空白处，使短文通顺完整。Liferequirespersistence.Nosuccesscomeseasily.26Manypeoplegiveuphalfwaybecauseofdifficultiesandfailures.Theydoubtthemselvesandlosethecouragetomoveforward.27Everysuccessfulpersonhasexperiencedcountlessfailures.Whatmakesthemdifferentisthattheynevergiveup.Theyregardfailuresasvaluableexperienceandkeeptrying.Persistencedoesnotmeanstubbornness.28Itmeansadjustingmethodsappropriatelywhilekeepinggoalsunchanged.Blindinsistencewillonlywastetimeandenergy.Keepingpersistencecanhelppeoplebreakthroughlimits.29Stepbystep,smallprogresswilleventuallyturnintohugesuccess.Inshort,persistenceisthekeytosuccess.30A.Failureisthenormalpartoftheroadtosuccess.

B.Onlybypersistingcanwefinallyrealizeourdreams.

C.Mostthingsinlifeneedlong-termadherence.

D.Itisawisechoicetochangewayswhengoalsareright.

E.Manyachievementsareaccumulatedthroughlong-termefforts.参考答案及详细解析26.C解析：前文点明人生需要坚持、成功来之不易，后文讲人们轻易放弃，C项“人生多数事情需要长期坚持”衔接前后语境。27.A解析：后文讲述成功者都经历过无数失败，A项“失败是成功路上的常态”引出下文内容，逻辑连贯。28.D解析：前文说明坚持不等于固执，后文讲调整方法、不变目标，D项精准解释合理的坚持方式。29.E解析：前文讲坚持能突破自我局限，后文讲点滴进步成就成功，E项说明成就源于长期积累，衔接自然。30.B解析：结尾总结全文，强调坚持对成功的重要性，B项收尾点题，升华主旨。第五部分填词补文（第31-40题，每题1.5分，共15分）从方框内12个单词中选出10个，填入短文空白处，每词仅用一次，无需变形。【备选词】ability,improve,daily,positive,pressure,study,healthy,habits,mood,goal,effort,lazyKeepingahealthylifestyleisimportantforeveryone.Goodliving31canhelpuskeepenergeticin32life.Manypeoplefeeltiredandanxiousbecauseofexcessivework33.Tochangethissituation,weneedtokeepa34attitudetowardslife.First,keepexercisingeveryday.Itcanmakeourbody35andrelaxour36.Second,arrange37andworkreasonably.Don’tbe38anddon’toverwork.Third,sticktosmall39andmakecontinuous40toimproveourselves.参考答案31.habits32.daily33.pressure34.positive35.healthy

36.mood37.study38.lazy39.goal40.effort逐题解析31.habits：固定搭配livinghabits（生活习惯），贴合全文生活方式主题。32.daily：dailylife为固定短语，意为“日常生活”。33.pressure：workpressure（工作压力），对应后文疲惫焦虑的诱因。34.positive：positiveattitude（积极的心态），是调节不良状态的正确方式。35.healthy：锻炼能让身体健康，贴合运动的作用。36.mood：放松心情、调节情绪，是运动的心理益处。37.study：合理安排学习和工作，贴合普通人的生活状态。38.lazy：句意：不要懒惰、不要过度劳累，贴合生活自律的主旨。39.goal：坚持小目标，契合自我提升的主题。40.effort：makeeffort为固定搭配，意为“付出努力”。第六部分完形补文（第41-50题，每题1.5分，共15分）阅读短文，根据括号内单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整通顺。Teamworkplaysanimportantroleinmodernsociety.Itmakesabig41(different)toworkefficiency.Inateam,everyonehastheirown42(simply)duties.Finishingpersonalworkwellisthebasicrequirementforteam43(cooperate).Whenweworkwithothers,weneedtomakeourideas44(understand)clearly.Goodcommunicationcanbring45(great)resultsthanworkingalone.Everyone’ssmall46(contribute)willformthesuccessofthewholeteam.Negativeattitudewilllimitteamdevelopment.Badmooddirectly47(affect)teamatmosphere.Awrong48(decide)maycauselossestothewholeteam.Sonooneshouldbe49(willing)totakeresponsibility.Onlyunitedteamscanachieve50(succeed).参考答案及解析41.difference解析：固定搭配makeadifference，意为“有影响、起作用”。42.simple解析：修饰名词duties需用形容词，simply为副词，形容词形式为simple。43.cooperation解析：teamcooperation为名词短语，意为“团队合作”，cooperate动词变名词。44.understood解析：固定结构makesth.done，意为“使某事被理解”，用过去分词。45.greater解析：后文出现than，需用形容词比较级形式。46.contributions解析：small后接名词，contribution为可数名词，此处用复数表多方付出。47.affects解析：主语badmood为单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用三单形式。48.decision解析：形容词wrong后接名词，decide动词变名词decision，意为“决定”。49.unwilling解析：结合语境，没人应该不愿承担责任，willing反义词unwilling。50.success解析：achieve后接名词作宾语，succeed动词变名词success，意为“获得成功”。第七部分短文写作（第51题，共20分）题目：WriteashortessayonthetopicTheImportanceofTimeManagement.Youshouldwriteatleast150words,andfollowtherequirementsbelow:1.Statetheimportanceoftimemanagement

2.Listyourwaystomanagetime

3.Drawaconclusion参考范文（18-19分标准，贴合自考评分要求）#TheImportanceofTimeManagementTimeisthemostp