【《金属有机凝胶概述》8000字】

金属有机凝胶概述目录TOC\o"1-3"\h\u1372金属有机凝胶概述 1209101.1金属有机凝胶简介 1198781.2金属有机凝胶的分类 2157141.3金属有机凝胶的特性 61.1金属有机凝胶简介金属有机凝胶（metalorganicgels,MOGs）ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Zhuang</Author><Year>2020</Year><RecNum>321</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[19,21]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>321</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1599654694">321</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Zhuang,Zeyu</author><author>Mai,Zehan</author><author>Wang,Tianyi</author><author>Liu,Dingxin</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Strategiesforconversionbetweenmetal–organicframeworksandgels</title><secondary-title>CoordinationChemistryReviews</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>CoordinationChemistryReviews</full-title><abbr-1>Coord.Chem.Rev.</abbr-1><abbr-2>CoordChemRev</abbr-2></periodical><volume>421</volume><section>213461</section><dates><year>2020</year></dates><isbn>00108545</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213461</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Zhang</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>248</RecNum><record><rec-number>248</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1596939301">248</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Zhang,Jianyong</author><author>Su,Cheng-Yong</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Metal-organicgels:Fromdiscretemetallogelatorstocoordinationpolymers</title><secondary-title>CoordinationChemistryReviews</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>CoordinationChemistryReviews</full-title><abbr-1>Coord.Chem.Rev.</abbr-1><abbr-2>CoordChemRev</abbr-2></periodical><pages>1373-1408</pages><volume>257</volume><number>7-8</number><section>1373</section><dates><year>2013</year></dates><isbn>00108545</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.ccr.2013.01.005</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[19,21]是一种在溶液中通过非共价相互作用（例如：氢键，π-π堆积，范德华力和离子相互作用）聚集且具有高度各向异性3D结构的金属配合物。凝胶由大量溶剂分子（例如水、乙醇、烃等）和少量固体分子（金属离子凝胶剂）组成；溶剂分子被固定在由胶凝剂分子分级自组装形成的凝胶基质内。在自主装凝胶基质内，桥连配体和金属离子配位过程中，可产生三种有机配体-金属螯合物：1）有序排列且高度聚集的长程和短程金属有机框架聚集体；2）有序排列的无定型配合物聚集体；以及有利于于超分子凝胶形成的3）有序排列的中等聚集程度的短程配位聚合物（例如胶体颗粒、纤维、蠕虫状特征等）ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Zhang</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>248</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[21]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>248</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1596939301">248</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Zhang,Jianyong</author><author>Su,Cheng-Yong</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Metal-organicgels:Fromdiscretemetallogelatorstocoordinationpolymers</title><secondary-title>CoordinationChemistryReviews</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>CoordinationChemistryReviews</full-title><abbr-1>Coord.Chem.Rev.</abbr-1><abbr-2>CoordChemRev</abbr-2></periodical><pages>1373-1408</pages><volume>257</volume><number>7-8</number><section>1373</section><dates><year>2013</year></dates><isbn>00108545</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.ccr.2013.01.005</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[21]。MOGs的设计、合成及其强大的应用潜力激发了研究人员的兴趣，并且逐渐成为配位化学研究领域的新热点。目前，已有大量新颖的MOGs被研究和报道。作为一类柔软而敏感的材料，一些已发现并具有实用价值的胶凝剂是基于金属的胶凝剂ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Hou</Author><Year>2020</Year><RecNum>555</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[22]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>555</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1611061106">555</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Hou,J.</author><author>Sapnik,A.F.</author><author>Bennett,T.D.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>DepartmentofMaterialsScience&Metallurgy,UniversityofCambridge,27CharlesBabbageRoad,Cambridge,CB30FS,UK.Email:tdb35@cam.ac.uk.</auth-address><titles><title>Metal-organicframeworkgelsandmonoliths</title><secondary-title>ChemSci</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>ChemSci</full-title></periodical><pages>310-323</pages><volume>11</volume><number>2</number><edition>2020/03/11</edition><dates><year>2020</year><pub-dates><date>Jan14</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>2041-6520(Print) 2041-6520(Linking)</isbn><accession-num>32153752</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>/pubmed/32153752</url></related-urls></urls><custom2>PMC7021205</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1039/c9sc04961d</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[22]。含金属胶凝剂的超分子凝胶的形成过程是可逆的，它可以对外界的物理或化学刺激产生响应而改变其物理状态，从而赋予这些超分子凝胶刺激响应性。在MOGs中，金属离子的存在拓宽了其刺激响应行为，并可通过光谱技术、电信号或磁性变化对其响应程度进行表征。超分子金属凝胶的另一个重要应用是作为模板合成结构定制的功能性材料（例如多孔材料）。在溶液中，通过前体聚合、沉淀或还原形成超分子金属凝胶，然后对所形成的超分子金属凝胶进行溶解或煅烧处理除去胶凝剂网络可形成多孔材料ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[23,24]。采用超分子金属凝胶作为模板可形成多孔金属氧化物，并且将金属离子介入具有网络结构的有机凝胶凝胶剂或溶剂分子中，可在更宽的范围内调控各种材料形态。此外，MOGs的其他性质（例如其网络结构、胶凝剂溶解度、流体力学等物理性质）也可通过介入金属离子得到调控。根据形成过程中涉及的相互作用的性质，将金属有机凝胶分为物理或化学凝胶。由于金属离子在胶凝剂分子中的结合力相对较强，这意味着分子模块的组装可以通过金属化从而具有结合金属元素的功能。这类胶凝剂在产生分子间相互作用时通常具有强烈的方向性，促进超分子聚集，从而形成热可逆的物理凝胶ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Zhang</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>248</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[21]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>248</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1596939301">248</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Zhang,Jianyong</author><author>Su,Cheng-Yong</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Metal-organicgels:Fromdiscretemetallogelatorstocoordinationpolymers</title><secondary-title>CoordinationChemistryReviews</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>CoordinationChemistryReviews</full-title><abbr-1>Coord.Chem.Rev.</abbr-1><abbr-2>CoordChemRev</abbr-2></periodical><pages>1373-1408</pages><volume>257</volume><number>7-8</number><section>1373</section><dates><year>2013</year></dates><isbn>00108545</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.ccr.2013.01.005</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[21]。化学凝胶由强共价键相互作用形成的，所形成的凝胶通常不能重新溶解并且是热不可逆的。物理凝胶常可作为其他先进功能纳米材料的刺激敏感基质，而化学凝胶网络则很坚固并且可以定制。金属-配体配位相互作用的强度介于强共价键相互作用和其他非共价键相互作用之间，因此基于配位相互作用的凝胶可以在不同情况下显示物理或化学凝胶的性质，并表现出更广泛的化学和物理刺激性响应ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[25-27]。基于配位作用形成的金属有机凝胶可具有特有的物理化学性质，例如磁性，流变学，吸附，光学特性，催化活性和氧化还原行为ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[28-34]。1.2金属有机凝胶的分类MOGs是通过金属离子和有机桥连剂通过配位相互作用形成具有无限延伸结构特性的配位聚合物，它与金属有机骨架（Metalorganicframeworks，MOFs）的区别在于他们的形成机制和物理形态不同。MOFs的形成包括成核和生长两个过程形成的晶状粉末，可通过经典的晶体理论解释；而MOGs是基于胶体化学理论形成的具有粘弹性的类似固体材料。有机配体在MOGs的形成过程中起着至关重要的桥联作用。研究发现：含有长链烷基、羧酸基团、酰胺基团以及吡啶类官能团的有机分子桥连剂作为金属离子的配体更容易形成凝胶体系。金属离子作为MOGs的重要组成部分影响其性能。因此本文根据金属元素的种类不同，以常见的贵金属、铜、铁、铝和稀土元素金属离子对MOGs进行分类介绍。基于银离子(Ag+)的MOGs显示出光催化ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><RecNum>575</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[25,35]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>575</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1611063950">575</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><d0dt02919j.pdf></title></titles><dates></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>Xiao</Author><Year>2020</Year><RecNum>540</RecNum><record><rec-number>540</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1611060103">540</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Xiao,SiYu</author><author>Li,Yang</author><author>Zhen,ShuJun</author><author>Huang,ChengZhi</author><author>Li,YuanFang</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Efficientperoxydisulfateelectrochemiluminescencesystembasedthenovelsilvermetal-organicgelasaneffectiveenhancer</title><secondary-title>ElectrochimicaActa</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>ElectrochimicaActa</full-title><abbr-1>Electrochim.Acta</abbr-1><abbr-2>ElectrochimActa</abbr-2></periodical><volume>357</volume><section>136842</section><dates><year>2020</year></dates><isbn>00134686</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136842</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[25,35]、表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)、ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[36,37]，多重刺激响应性ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[38,39]、聚集诱导发射和荧光-磷光转换ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[40,41]等有趣的性质。MandalADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><RecNum>575</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[25]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>575</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1611063950">575</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><d0dt02919j.pdf></title></titles><dates></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[25]等人利用亚苯基-1,3-二取代双烯烃酰胺分子（3PMA）和银盐制备了Ag-MOGs，所制备的干Ag-MOGs在光照时表现出优异的光催化催化能力，并探索了在光催化[2+2]聚合反应前后Ag-MOGs的固态发光行为和对染料的选择性吸附行为。李ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Li</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>549</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[36]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>549</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1611060775">549</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Li,Yang</author><author>Guo,MaoXia</author><author>He,Li</author><author>Huang,ChengZhi</author><author>Li,YuanFang</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>GreenOne-PotSynthesisofSilverNanoparticles/Metal–OrganicGelsHybridandItsPromisingSERSApplication</title><secondary-title>ACSSustainableChemistry&Engineering</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>ACSSustainableChemistry&Engineering</full-title></periodical><pages>5292-5299</pages><volume>7</volume><number>5</number><section>5292</section><dates><year>2019</year></dates><isbn>2168-0485 2168-0485</isbn><urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b06305</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[36]等人通过简单地混合4-(2,2':6',2''-叔吡啶)-4'-苯甲酸（Hcptpy）和银离子（Ag+）制备出AgNPs/MOGs杂化物。在该反应过程中不需要额外加入还原剂，且由于Hcptpy的拉曼标记源性和AgNPs的局部表面等离子体共振特性，所制备的AgNPs/MOGs杂化物显示出色的拉曼信号，并可作为一种出色的表面增强拉曼散射（SurfaceEnhancedRamanScattering,SERS）平台用于高锰酸盐高灵敏度的检测。值得注意的是，Hcptpy在杂化物的合成中起着螯合和还原的双重作用，既可作为配位剂与Ag+配位形成MOGs，也可作为还原剂将Ag+原位还原形成AgNPs。以铜离子(Cu2+)合成的MOGs可作用纳米酶（过氧化物酶）ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[42-45]，光催化剂ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Oldenhuis</Author><Year>2020</Year><RecNum>556</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[46]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>556</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1611061148">556</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Oldenhuis,N.J.</author><author>Qin,K.P.</author><author>Wang,S.</author><author>Ye,H.Z.</author><author>Alt,E.A.</author><author>Willard,A.P.</author><author>VanVoorhis,T.</author><author>Craig,S.L.</author><author>Johnson,J.A.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>DepartmentofChemistry,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,Cambridge,MA,02139,USA. DepartmentofChemistry,DukeUniversity,Durham,NC,27708,USA.</auth-address><titles><title>PhotoswitchableSol-GelTransitionsandCatalysisMediatedbyPolymerNetworkswithCoumarin-DecoratedCu24L24Metal-OrganicCagesasJunctions</title><secondary-title>AngewChemIntEdEngl</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>AngewandteChemie,InternationalEditioninEnglish</full-title><abbr-1>Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.Engl.</abbr-1><abbr-2>AngewChemIntEdEngl</abbr-2></periodical><pages>2784-2792</pages><volume>59</volume><number>7</number><edition>2019/11/20</edition><keywords><keyword>gels</keyword><keyword>metal-organiccages</keyword><keyword>phasetransition</keyword><keyword>photochemistry</keyword><keyword>self-assembly</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2020</year><pub-dates><date>Feb10</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1521-3773(Electronic) 1433-7851(Linking)</isbn><accession-num>31742840</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>/pubmed/31742840</url></related-urls></urls><custom2>PMC7187918</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/anie.201913297</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[46]，氧还原剂ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[47]，电化学催化剂ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[48]和分子识别探针ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[49]。Cu-MOX对Luminol-H2O2化学发光（Chemicalluminescence,CL）系统表现出优异的催化性能ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Zhang</Author><Year>2020</Year><RecNum>542</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[42]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>542</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1611060175">542</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Zhang,L.</author><author>Hou,Y.</author><author>Lv,C.</author><author>Liu,W.</author><author>Zhang,Z.</author><author>Peng,X.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>KeyLaboratoryofAnalyticalChemistryforLifeScienceofShaanxiProvince,SchoolofChemistryandChemicalEngineering,ShaanxiNormalUniversity,Xi'an,710062,PRChina.weiliu@126.comliuwei2@.</auth-address><titles><title>Copper-basedmetal-organicxerogelsonpaperforchemiluminescencedetectionofdopamine</title><secondary-title>AnalMethods</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>AnalMethods</full-title></periodical><pages>4191-4198</pages><volume>12</volume><number>34</number><edition>2020/08/12</edition><dates><year>2020</year><pub-dates><date>Sep14</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1759-9679(Electronic) 1759-9660(Linking)</isbn><accession-num>32780054</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>/pubmed/32780054</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1039/d0ay01191f</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[42]。光响应材料在光的照射下保持亚稳态，而一旦激发光移除后光响应材料将返回其预辐射状态，从而使光响应材料产生降解、延升以及形貌或微观拓扑结构产生改变。例如，J.Oldenhuis和QinADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Oldenhuis</Author><Year>2020</Year><RecNum>556</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[46]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>556</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1611061148">556</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Oldenhuis,N.J.</author><author>Qin,K.P.</author><author>Wang,S.</author><author>Ye,H.Z.</author><author>Alt,E.A.</author><author>Willard,A.P.</author><author>VanVoorhis,T.</author><author>Craig,S.L.</author><author>Johnson,J.A.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>DepartmentofChemistry,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,Cambridge,MA,02139,USA. DepartmentofChemistry,DukeUniversity,Durham,NC,27708,USA.</auth-address><titles><title>PhotoswitchableSol-GelTransitionsandCatalysisMediatedbyPolymerNetworkswithCoumarin-DecoratedCu24L24Metal-OrganicCagesasJunctions</title><secondary-title>AngewChemIntEdEngl</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>AngewandteChemie,InternationalEditioninEnglish</full-title><abbr-1>Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.Engl.</abbr-1><abbr-2>AngewChemIntEdEngl</abbr-2></periodical><pages>2784-2792</pages><volume>59</volume><number>7</number><edition>2019/11/20</edition><keywords><keyword>gels</keyword><keyword>metal-organiccages</keyword><keyword>phasetransition</keyword><keyword>photochemistry</keyword><keyword>self-assembly</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2020</year><pub-dates><date>Feb10</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1521-3773(Electronic) 1433-7851(Linking)</isbn><accession-num>31742840</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>/pubmed/31742840</url></related-urls></urls><custom2>PMC7187918</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/anie.201913297</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[46]报道了采用Cu24L24交联的聚乙二醇星形聚合物组成的、且表面含有香豆素配体的多面体金属有机笼（MetalOrganicCages,MOCs）聚合物凝胶。在光敏剂、氢键供体以及紫外光的照射下，该多面体MOCs中的铜元素能够在Cu（II），Cu（I）和Cu（0）三种氧化态之间可逆地转化。当Cu元素以Cu（I）和Cu（0）状态存在下，该MOCs处于不稳定状态，导致其网络结构解体，分别形成Cu(I)和Cu(0)溶液；但是当Cu被重新氧化成Cu(II)时，将形成超分子凝胶。这种MOCs网络结构可逆的自组装-解自组装行为在Cu催化的叠氮-炔烃环加成产生的共价二级网络结构中也可产生，从而形成一种互穿式的共价网络结构。WuADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[48]等人通过直接热解金属有机凝胶（MOGs）前驱体开发了一种简单有效的策略制造具有高表面积的CuO纳米粒子（CuONPs）。所制备的CuO纳米粒子对葡萄糖（Glu）氧化反应表现出优异的电催化活性，并表现出独特的类过氧化物酶活性，可进一步用作仿生纳米酶，灵敏、快速地检测胆固醇。铁离子(Fe3+)作为导电性能良好的金属元素而被设计为Fe-MOGs，并被应用于电化学检测ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[50,51]，半导体电容器ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Dhibar</Author><Year>2020</Year><RecNum>559</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[52]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>559</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1611061311">559</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Dhibar,S.</author><author>Dey,A.</author><author>Ghosh,D.</author><author>Majumdar,S.</author><author>Dey,A.</author><author>Ray,P.P.</author><author>Dey,B.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>DepartmentofChemistry,Visva-BharatiUniversity,Santiniketan731235,India. DepartmentofPhysics,JadavpurUniversity,Kolkata700032,India. DepartmentofCondensedMatterPhysicsandMaterialSciences,S.N.BoseNationalCentreforBasicSciences,BlockJD,Sec.III,SaltLake,Kolkata700106,India.</auth-address><titles><title>Triethylenetetramine-BasedSemiconductingFe(III)Metallogel:EffectiveCatalystforAryl-SCoupling</title><secondary-title>ACSOmega</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>ACSOmega</full-title></periodical><pages>2680-2689</pages><volume>5</volume><number>6</number><edition>2020/02/26</edition><dates><year>2020</year><pub-dates><date>Feb18</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>2470-1343(Electronic) 2470-1343(Linking)</isbn><accession-num>32095691</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>/pubmed/32095691</url></related-urls></urls><custom2>PMC7033679</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1021/acsomega.9b03194</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[52]，有机催化剂ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[53-55]和仿生纳米酶ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[56-58]等领域。Dhibar等人ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Dhibar</Author><Year>2020</Year><RecNum>559</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[52]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>559</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1611061311">559</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Dhibar,S.</author><author>Dey,A.</author><author>Ghosh,D.</author><author>Majumdar,S.</author><author>Dey,A.</author><author>Ray,P.P.</author><author>Dey,B.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>DepartmentofChemistry,Visva-BharatiUniversity,Santiniketan731235,India. DepartmentofPhysics,JadavpurUniversity,Kolkata700032,India. DepartmentofCondensedMatterPhysicsandMaterialSciences,S.N.BoseNationalCentreforBasicSciences,BlockJD,Sec.III,SaltLake,Kolkata700106,India.</auth-address><titles><title>Triethylenetetramine-BasedSemiconductingFe(III)Metallogel:EffectiveCatalystforAryl-SCoupling</title><secondary-title>ACSOmega</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>ACSOmega</full-title></periodical><pages>2680-2689</pages><volume>5</volume><number>6</number><edition>2020/02/26</edition><dates><year>2020</year><pub-dates><date>Feb18</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>2470-1343(Electronic) 2470-1343(Linking)</isbn><accession-num>32095691</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>/pubmed/32095691</url></related-urls></urls><custom2>PMC7033679</custom2><electronic-resource-num>10.1021/acsomega.9b03194</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[52]制备了基于三亚乙基四胺(TETA)的Fe-MOG，该凝胶显示出肖特基势垒二极管(Schottkybarrierdiodedevice)的半导体特性，且具有通过C-S偶联反应合成硫醚的催化特性，尤其适用于无辅助溶剂条件下对芳基硫醚的绿色快速催化反应。LiADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Li</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>326</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[53]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>326</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1599656924">326</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Li,B.</author><author>Zhou,X.</author><author>Liu,X.</author><author>Ye,H.</author><author>Zhang,Y.</author><author>Zhou,Q.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>DepartmentofMaterialsScienceandEngineering,ChinaUniversityofPetroleum,Beijing,102249,P.R.China.</auth-address><titles><title>Metal-OrganicGelsDerivedfromIron(III)andPyridineLigands:Morphology,Self-HealingandCatalysisforEthyleneSelectiveDimerization</title><secondary-title>ChemAsianJ</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>ChemAsianJ</full-title></periodical><pages>1582-1589</pages><volume>14</volume><number>9</number><edition>2019/03/01</edition><keywords><keyword>catalysis</keyword><keyword>dimerization</keyword><keyword>ethylene</keyword><keyword>metal-organicgels</keyword><keyword>self-assembly</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2019</year><pub-dates><date>May2</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1861-471X(Electronic) 1861-471X(Linking)</isbn><accession-num>30817068</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>/pubmed/30817068</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/asia.201900131</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[53]等人在温和条件下制备了多配位吡啶配体并考察了其与Fe(NO3)3的配位行为。结果表明双配位配体N(bis(3-pyridyl)terephthalate)与Fe(NO3)3配位后形成的凝胶Fe-N具有纳米纤维3D网络结构，而三配位配体L(tri(3-pyridyl)benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate)与Fe(NO3)3配位后形成的凝胶Fe-L具有非晶相的海绵状结构。从流变学测量发现Fe-N由于纳米纤维网络的可逆恢复性能具有良好的自愈性能，但海绵状Fe-L不能实现自我修复。当Fe（III）-MOGs选择性地用作乙烯二聚反应催化剂时，Fe-N和Fe-L均显示出杰出地催化活性。基于氟化石墨烯和铁基金属有机凝胶（FGO@Fe-MOG）构建的复合材料可用于生物标志物凝血酶的检测，通过静电相互作用将凝血酶适配体固定在FGO@Fe-MOG上，在无需任何特殊修饰或标记的情况下，可通过电化学阻抗谱对血清中的凝血酶进行分析检测ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[51]。铝离子(Al3+)形成的Al-MOG在客体分子的吸附ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[59-61]，多重响应性ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Wei</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>323</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[62]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>323</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1599655768">323</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Wei,S.C.</author><author>Pan,M.</author><author>Li,K.</author><author>Wang,S.</author><author>Zhang,J.</author><author>Su,C.Y.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>MOELaboratoryofBioinorganicandSyntheticChemistry,StateKeyLaboratoryofOptoelectronicMaterialsandTechnologies,LehnInstituteofFunctionalMaterials,SchoolofChemistryandChemicalEngineering,SunYat-SenUniversity,Guangzhou,510275,China.</auth-address><titles><title>Amultistimuli-responsivephotochromicmetal-organicgel</title><secondary-title>AdvMater</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>AdvancedMaterials</full-title><abbr-1>Adv.Mater.</abbr-1><abbr-2>AdvMater</abbr-2></periodical><pages>2072-7</pages><volume>26</volume><number>13</number><edition>2013/12/18</edition><keywords><keyword>aluminum</keyword><keyword>carboxylates</keyword><keyword>coordinationinteractions</keyword><keyword>metal-organicgels</keyword><keyword>photochromicmaterials</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year><pub-dates><date>Apr2</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1521-4095(Electronic) 0935-9648(Linking)</isbn><accession-num>24339174</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>/pubmed/24339174</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/adma.201304404</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[62]，提高材料的储能能力ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[63,64]以及药物的缓控释载体ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[65]等方面的应用上显示了卓越的性能。WeiADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Wei</Author><Year>2014</Year><RecNum>323</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[62]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>323</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="fr5x0trs4s2v5rep0se5v52vv9zr0t9pdpr9"timestamp="1599655768">323</key><keyapp="ENWeb"db-id="">0</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Wei,S.C.</author><author>Pan,M.</author><author>Li,K.</author><author>Wang,S.</author><author>Zhang,J.</author><author>Su,C.Y.</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>MOELaboratoryofBioinorganicandSyntheticChemistry,StateKeyLaboratoryofOptoelectronicMaterialsandTechnologies,LehnInstituteofFunctionalMaterials,SchoolofChemistryandChemicalEngineering,SunYat-SenUniversity,Guangzhou,510275,China.</auth-address><titles><title>Amultistimuli-responsivephotochromicmetal-organicgel</title><secondary-title>AdvMater</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>AdvancedMaterials</full-title><abbr-1>Adv.Mater.</abbr-1><abbr-2>AdvMater</abbr-2></periodical><pages>2072-7</pages><volume>26</volume><number>13</number><edition>2013/12/18</edition><keywords><keyword>aluminum</keyword><keyword>carboxylates</keyword><keyword>coordinationinteractions</keyword><keyword>metal-organicgels</keyword><keyword>photochromicmaterials</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2014</year><pub-dates><date>Apr2</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>1521-4095(Electronic) 0935-9648(Linking)</isbn><accession-num>24339174</accession-num><urls><related-urls><url>/pubmed/24339174</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1002/adma.201304404</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[62]等人开发了一种对多重刺激（包括光，热，水和阴离子）产生响应的金属有机凝胶，开发了一种通过在凝胶中产生配位键合制备新型功能性软材料的新途径。所制备的金属有机凝胶在加热时可产生溶液到凝胶转化的独特相变。同时，该凝胶显示出可逆的光致变色和流变性质，在紫外光的照射下，其有机配体分子可以从开环状态（O-DCBTF6）转化成闭环状态（C-DCBTF6），导致其荧光熄灭；而在可见光的照射下，其有机配体从C-DCBTF6转化成O-DCBTF6，荧光打开。因此可通过紫外-可见光的转换调节其荧光发光行为（图1-1）