河南豫东名校联考2026届下学期二模高三英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南豫东名校联考2026届下学期二模高三英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whywasthemanlate?A.Heoverslept. B.Heforgotthetime. C.Hehitatrafficjam.【答案】C【原文】W:You’refinallyhere.Themoviestarted10minutesago.M:Sorry,Ilefthomeontime,butIwasstuckinatrafficjam.W:Ithoughtyougotuplateorforgotthetime.M:It’simpossible.I’vebeenexpectingitforages.Let’sgoinquickly.2.Whatisthewoman’snewapartmentlike?A.It’swell-located. B.It’sspacious. C.It’soutdated.【答案】A【原文】M:Howdoyoulikeyournewapartment?W:Iloveit.It’smuchquieterthanmyoldplace.M:That’sgreat.Isitlargetoo?W:No,it’ssmaller,butit’squitenearmyoffice.Justafive-minutewalk.3.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atabusstop. B.Atanairport. C.Atatrainstation.【答案】B【原文】M:Excuseme,isgate15stillboarding?W:Yes,butthey’remakingfinalcalls.You’dbetterhurry.M:Thanks.4.Whenwillthewomangettoherofficethisafternoon?A.At2:40. B.At3:00. C.At3:10.【答案】C【原文】M:Arewestillmeetingatyourofficeatthreep.m.thisafternoon?W:Alittlelater,please.Ihavetopickupmylittlebrotherat2:40p.m.andI’llbethereinhalfanhour.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirartexhibition. B.Theirweekendactivities. C.Theirresearchreport.【答案】B【原文】W:Ryan,Iwenttotheartexhibitionlastweekend.Howaboutyou?M:Ihadtofinishmymarketresearchreport,soIstayedathomethewholeweekendworkingonthekeyboard.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Motherandson. C.Doctorandpatient.7.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Askforleave. B.Drinkmorewater. C.Domoreprojects.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】W:Ted,wakeup.Timeforschool.M:Idon’tfeelwell.Myheadhurtsandmythroatispainful.W:Letmefeelyourforehead.Youfeelalittlewarm.Haveyoubeendrinkingenoughwater?M:No,IwassobusywithmyprojectthatIforgot.W:Ithinkyouneedtoresttoday.Noschool.I’llcallyourteacher.M:ButIhaveatest.W:Yourhealthismoreimportant.Youcanmakeituplater.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Howmuchdoesitcosttofixthewashingmachinebythespeakers?A.$25. B.$30. C.$40.9.Whatwillthemandowiththewashingmachinetomorrow?A.Buyanewpart. B.Waitforarepairman. C.Takeittotheshop.【答案】8.A9.C【原文】M:Ourwashingmachinestoppedworkingyesterday.Icalledtherepairservicejustnow.W:Whatdidtheysay?Isiteasytofix?M:Theytoldmethreeoptions.Optionone.Repairitathomefor40dollars,buttheycancomeonlyonSaturday.Optiontwo.Haveitrepairedattheshopfor30dollarsandit’llbereadyintwodays.Optionthree.Buyanewpartfor25dollarsandfixitourselves.W:Fixingitourselvesmaybedifficult.Whynotchooseoptiontwo?It’scheaperandfaster.M:Yousaidit.I’lldealwithittomorrow.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。10.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhernewjob?A.Stressful. B.Enjoyable. C.Boring.11.Howdoesthewomangotoworknow?A.Bysubway. B.Bybus. C.Bycar.12.Whatsatisfiesthewomanmostinthenewoffice?A.Thelargewindows. B.Thecoffeemachine. C.Thenaturallight.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【原文】M:How’sthenewjobgoing?W:It’sbeengreat.Theworkitselfisinterestingandmycolleaguesarereallyfriendly.M:That’sgoodtohear.Isthetraveltimestilllong?W:No,Istartedtakingthesubwayinsteadoftakingthebusordrivingacar.It’sfasterandmorereliable.M:Forsure.Andtheoffice,youmentioneditbefore.W:Oh,itiswonderful.Ithashugewindowswithlotsofnaturallight.Thereisalsoanicecoffeemachine,butthelightimprovesmymoodthemost.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。13.WhichcountrydidLindastayinforthreeyears?A.Peru. B.Spain. C.Japan.14.WhatdidLindaoftendoinLima?A.Shemadefruitdrinks. B.Sheexercisedoutdoors. C.Shesoldfoodprocessors.15.HowareTokyo’svegetables?A.Nutritious. B.Fresh. C.Pricey.16.Whatisthemandoing?A.Goingjogging. B.Doingshopping. C.Hostingashow.【答案】13.B14.A15.C16.C【原文】M:Okay,now,Linda,let’stalkaboutstayinghealthyoverseas.YoulivedinSpainforsometime.Wasiteasytostayhealthythere?W:Yeah.IlivedinSevilleforthreeyears,wheretheweather’sgood.Ialwayshadtheopportunitytogojogging.M:HowaboutPeru?YouusedtoliveinLima.W:Well,Istayedthereforfouryears.Thefruitandvegetablesthereareextremelycheap.Fruitdrinksarereallypopular.Everybodyhastheirownfoodprocessortomakefruitdrinks.IadaptedtotheirlifestylesoquicklythatIwasabletokeephealthy.Besides,goingtothegymispopular,there.M:Soundsbrilliant.WhataboutJapan?YouoncelivedinTokyofortwoyears.W:It’skindoftheoppositeofPeru,soIonlyboughtbananasandIseldomboughtvegetables.Anditrainsalot,soit’sdifficulttogojogging.M:Gotit.Thanksforyourtime,Linda.W:You’rewelcome.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whoisorganizingthebookfair?A.Theschoollibrary. B.TheEnglishstaff. C.Theseniorstudents.18.Whatcanstudentsdoatthefairbesidesbuyingbooks?A.Showbookreviews. B.Telltheirstories. C.Sharereadingthoughts.19.Whatspecialgiftcaneverystudentget?A.Afreebookmark. B.Asecond-handbook. C.Anewnovel.20.Whydoesthemangivethetalk?A.Toadvertiseanevent. B.Toaskfordonations. C.Tointroducesomewriters.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.A【原文】Helloeveryone,thefirstschoolbookfairiscoming.It’sorganisedbyEnglishteachers.Imaginethis,agreatbookeventpreparedforyoubycaringteacherswiththesupportofbooklovingclassmates.We’vecollectedhundredsofbooks,includingnewstorybooks,usefulreviewmaterialsandcheapsecondhandbooksfromseniorgraduates.Andnowwe’rereadytobringthisopportunitytoeveryoneofyou.Butwedon’tjustsellbookstoraisecharitymoney.Ourfairalsohasfunactivities.Youcanmeetayounglocalwriter,discussyourfavoritenovelswithhimandjoinashortreadingsharingsession.Atthebookfair,youcanpickanybookyoulike.We’vegoteverythingfrominterestingnovelstohelpfulexambooks.It’llbeopenfromninea.m.tofivep.m.thisSaturdayandSundayatthelibrary.Inhonorofourfirstbookfair,we’reofferingspecialbenefits.Youcanbuytwobooksandgetonefree,andallstudentscangetafreebookmark.Socomeandjoinusandgetreadyforagreattimewithbooks.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMadrid’sIncredibleMuseumsCaixaForumCaixaForumisamuseumandculturalcenterthatoccupiesanoldpowerplant.Fromtheoutsidethebuildingappearstobefloating,andthere’savertical(垂直的)gardenwith15,000plantspeciesgrowingonthesideofonewall.Insidearefourfloorsofpaintings,photos,andmultimediaexhibitions,aswellasworkshopsandatheater-auditorium.Evenifyoudon’tenteranyexhibitions,it’sworthstoppingbytoadmirethebuilding’sstrikingouterandinnerarchitecture.Hours:10:00AMto8:00PMdailyFreeadmission:May15,18,andNovember9MuseoSorollaThissmallartgalleryisdedicatedtotheImpressionistpainterJoaquínSorolla(1863-1923).Thegalleryisinhisformerhomeandstudio,andthey’vepreservedtheoriginalatmospherewellsoyougetafeelforwhatitwaslikewhenhewaslivingandworkingthere.Hours:TuesdaytoSaturdayfrom9:30AMto8:00PMSundaysandholidaysfrom10:00AMto3:00PM,closedMondaysFreeadmission:Saturdaysafter2:00PMandSundaysMuseodelRomanticismoThissmallmuseumfocusesonthehistoryanddailylifeoftheRomanticperiod.ThemuseumrecreatestheRomanticatmosphereinitsroomdisplayswithfurniture,carpets,jewelry,paintings,andotherantiquesofthetimeperiod.Hours:TuesdaytoSaturdayfrom9:30AMto6:30PMSundaysandholidaysfrom10:00AMto3:00PM,closedMondaysFreeadmission:Saturdaysafter2:00PMandSundaysMuseoThyssen-BornemiszaTheThyssenMuseumbeganastheThyssenfamily’sprivatecollectionofsevencenturiesofEuropeanpainting,regardedasoneofthemostimportantcollectionsofthelastcentury.In1992,itwasconvertedintoapublicmuseum.Ithasagreatvarietyofartists,styles,andtimeperiods.Hours:Mondaysfrom12:00PMto4:00PM,TuesdaytoSundayfrom10:00AMto7:00PMFreeadmission:Mondaysfrom12:00PMto4:00PM21.WhatisspecialaboutCaixaForum?A.Itsroomdisplays.B.Itshistoricexhibits.C.Itsstrikingstructure.D.Itsoriginalatmosphere.22.WhencanwevisitMuseoSorollaforfree?A.9:30a.m.Sunday.B.2:30p.m.Saturday.C.6:00p.m.Tuesday.D.10:00a.m.Monday.23.WhatcanbeseeninbothMuseoThyssen-BornemiszaandMuseodelRomanticismo?A.Paintings. B.Carpets.C.Jewelry. D.Furniture.【答案】21.C22.B23.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马德里几个令人惊叹的博物馆。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据CaixaForum中的“Fromtheoutsidethebuildingappearstobefloating,andthere’savertical(垂直的)gardenwith15,000plantspeciesgrowingonthesideofonewall.(从外面看，这座建筑似乎是漂浮的，一面墙上有一个垂直花园，有15000种植物生长。)”可知，CaixaForum特别之处在于它惊人的结构。故选C。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据MuseoSorolla中的“Freeadmission:Saturdaysafter2:00PMandSundays(免费入场：星期六下午2:00后及星期日)”可知，周六下午2:30可以免费参观MuseoSorolla。故选B。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据MuseodelRomanticismo中的“ThemuseumrecreatestheRomanticatmosphereinitsroomdisplayswithfurniture,carpets,jewelry,paintings,andotherantiquesofthetimeperiod.(博物馆用当时的家具、地毯、珠宝、绘画和其他古董在房间里再现了浪漫的氛围。)”和MuseoThyssen-Bornemisza中的“TheThyssenMuseumbeganastheThyssenfamily’sprivatecollectionofsevencenturiesofEuropeanpainting,regardedasoneofthemostimportantcollectionsofthelastcentury.(蒂森博物馆最初是蒂森家族的私人收藏，收藏了七个世纪的欧洲绘画作品，被认为是上世纪最重要的收藏之一。)”可知，MuseodelRomanticismo和MuseoThyssen-Bornemisza都能看到绘画。故选A。BWhenMiaWoodsretiredat61,sheknewsheneededaplan.“Iwasworriedaboutlosingmyidentityasaprofessional.WhatelsecanIbe?”shethought.Theyearbefore,shehadbeentoldshehadamildmemoryproblem.“IwastryingtoshowmyselfthatIcouldstillthinkandbecreative,”shesays.Soshedecidedtodo—ratherthanbe—somethingnew:bakeapieeverydayforayearandgiveeachpieaway.“Itmademereachouteverydaytosomebody,soIwouldn’tbealone.Anditgavemearoutine,”shesays.Shebakedherfirstpieandgaveittoher88-year-oldaunt,Carol.Asateenager,Miahadmovedinwithheraunt’sfamilywhenhermotherbecameill.“Theygavemestability...Itwastheperfectfirstpie,”shesays.Shewentongivingpiestoformercolleagues,groceryclerks,evenahomelessman.Aswordspread,shegotknownas“thepielady”.Formorethan30years,Miahadworkedasacityplanner.“I’maplannerbynature,trainingandprofession.WhatIreallylikedaboutitwasthatplanningtakestime,chaos,manydifferentcomponents,putsthemalltogetherandmakesthemintosomethingmanageable.”Sheseesthesameinbakingpies:“Youtakeabunchofingredientsandcreatesomethingoutofthem.”Twelveyearson,Miahascontinuedtoinventnewprojects,includingwritingaletteraday,andpaintingpicturesofherlocalsky.Sheiswritingabookaboutthepieexperience.Butshehaslearnedmorethanbaking.“WhatreallycameoutofitwastheunderstandingthatIwassomeonewhocoulddonewthings,”shereflects.“Andmyprofessionalidentitywasn’tcriticaltowhoIam.”“Evennow,afterIhaveanencounterwithsomebody,Ithink:‘There’sapersonIwishIcouldgiveapieto.’”saysMia.24.WhatwasMia’sworrywhensheretired?A.Herseriousmentalproblem. B.Herbeingcutofffromothers.C.Havingnoidentitybeyondcareer. D.Havingtochangeherdailyroutine.25.WhydidMiagiveherfirstpietoheraunt?A.ShehadgivenMiaahome.B.ShehadcaredforMia’smum.C.Shewastheoldestinthefamily.D.ShehadbuiltMia’sstablecharacter.26.WhatdocityplanningandbakingpieshaveincommonaccordingtoMia?A.Bothrequireprofessionaltraining. B.Bothmakesenseofmixedelements.C.Bothcreatesomethingoutofnothing. D.Bothconnectpeoplewithoneanother.27.WhatisMia’sreflectiononherexperience?A.Everyoneintheworlddeservesapie.B.Newchallengesredefinewhoweare.C.Openinguptochangestakescourage.D.Simpleactscanbringpeopletogether.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.B【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了退休城市规划师米娅·伍兹为应对退休后可能失去职业身份认同的焦虑，通过每天烤一个派并送给他人这一日常行动，重新认识自我价值、建立生活秩序并延续创造力的故事。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段““Iwasworriedaboutlosingmyidentityasaprofessional.WhatelsecanIbe?”shethought.(“我担心自己作为专业人士的身份会丧失。那我还能做些什么呢？”她这样想。)”可知，她退休时的担忧是失去职业身份，害怕除了职业身份之外自己不知还能成为什么样的人。选项C“Havingnoidentitybeyondcareer(除了职业之外没有其他身份认同)”与此直接对应。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Shebakedherfirstpieandgaveittoher88-year-oldaunt,Carol.Asateenager,Miahadmovedinwithheraunt’sfamilywhenhermotherbecameill.“Theygavemestability...Itwastheperfectfirstpie,”shesays.Shewentongivingpiestoformercolleagues,groceryclerks,evenahomelessman.Aswordspread,shegotknownas“thepielady”.(她做了第一个馅饼，并送给了她88岁的姑妈卡罗尔。在十几岁的时候，米娅曾因母亲生病而搬到了姑妈家。那时的姑妈家给了她一种稳定的环境……把第一个馅饼送给姑妈是最合适的选择。她继续把馅饼送给以前的同事、杂货店店员，甚至一个无家可归的人。随着消息的传播，她被称为“馅饼女士”。)”可知，米娅年少时因母亲生病而搬去与姨妈一家同住，姨妈家为她提供了稳定的家庭环境。她把第一个派送给姨妈，是因为姨妈曾给予她一个家、一份依靠，这符合选项A“ShehadgivenMiaahome(她曾给米娅一个家)”的表述。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段““I’maplannerbynature,trainingandprofession.WhatIreallylikedaboutitwasthatplanningtakestime,chaos,manydifferentcomponents,putsthemalltogetherandmakesthemintosomethingmanageable.”Sheseesthesameinbakingpies:“Youtakeabunchofingredientsandcreatesomethingoutofthem.”(“我天生就是个规划师，这是我的训练和职业。我真正喜欢的是规划工作，规划需要时间，它要把混乱和众多不同的要素整合起来，使之变得井然有序。”她在烘焙馅饼时也发现了同样的道理：“你将各种食材混合在一起，就能创造出新的成果。”)”可知，通过米娅的类比，两者的共同之处在于都是将纷繁杂乱的不同元素组合成有序、有意义的整体，即选项B“Bothmakesenseofmixedelements(两者都让混合的元素变得有条理)”。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““WhatreallycameoutofitwastheunderstandingthatIwassomeonewhocoulddonewthings,”shereflects.“Andmyprofessionalidentitywasn’tcriticaltowhoIam.”(最重要的是，这件事让我明白自己能够尝试新事物，”她回忆道，“而且我的职业身份并不决定我的本质。”)”可知，她通过尝试新事物认识到自己有能力应对改变，并重新定义了自我价值，不局限于职业身份。这体现了选项B“Newchallengesredefinewhoweare(新挑战重新定义了我们是谁)”的内涵。CInanepisodeofFriends,actorJoeyisaskedtohostacharityshow.“Alittlegooddeed...plussomeTVexposure,nowthat’sthekindofmathJoeylikestodo!”heexclaims,whilehisfriendPhoebecallsit“totallyselfish”.Thisscenecapturesacommonhumantendency:oursuspicionofdo-gooders,especiallywhentheymightbenefitfromtheiractions.Thisinstinctisexploredinarecentpaperon“do-gooderderogation(行善者贬损)”.Researchshowsthatweoftenlookforsomeone’shiddenmotive,andoncefound,wemayjudgethemevenmoreharshlythanthosewhoactwithobviousself-interest.Forinstance,inaclassicexperimentcalledthepublicgoodsgame,participantswhocontributedthemostmoneytoasharedpoolwereoftencriticizedjustasbadlybyotherplayersasthosewhocontributednothingatall.PsychologistNicholaarguesthatweareallplayinga“statusgame”,suspiciousofanyonewhomightbefakingvirtuetoboosttheirownstanding.Studiesconfirmthis,revealingaphenomenonknownasthe“taintedaltruismeffect”(被玷污的利他效应).ImagineyourfriendAndyvolunteersatahomelessshelter.Youlaterdiscoverheisonlydoingsotogetadatewiththemanager.StudiessuggestweviewAndymorenegativelythansomeonewhotookajobatacoffeeshopforthesameromanticmotive.Wearemorejudgementalofthepersonhidingself-interestbehindacharitableact.Hafenbrädl,aresearcherattheUniversityofNavarra,suggeststhisjudgmentstemsfromacalculationweighingthesocialrewardssomeonegetsagainstthecostoftheirdeed.Inoneexperiment,aresortownerwhospent$100,000cleaninglocalbeacheswasconsideredlessmoralwhenheusedtheacttoadvertisehisbusinessthanwhenhekeptitquiet.Interestingly,Hafenbrädlfoundthatpeoplewhodonatedbloodorgavetocharityfortheirownsenseofself-satisfactionwereconsideredmoremoralthanthoseseekingtoenhancetheirreputation.PerhapsJoeyisright:purealtruismmaynotexist.Butpersonally,Iamhappytoforgivethe“warmglow”thatcomesfromhelpingothers,ifitmeansthereisalittlemorekindnessintheworld.28.Whatdoesthe“taintedaltruismeffect”referto?A.Judginggenerouspeoplepositively. B.Valuingordinaryjobsovervolunteering.C.Rewardingthosewhoseeksocialrecognition. D.Criticizingcharitableactswithhiddenmotives.29.WhatcanbelearnedfromHafenbrädl’sexperiment?A.Publicitylowersmoralcredit. B.Costalonedecidesmoralworth.C.Actionsmattermorethanmotives. D.Peopleundervalueenvironmentalacts.30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthe“warmglow”ofhelpingothers?A.Tolerant. B.Skeptical. C.Indifferent. D.Critical.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDisappearanceofPureAltruismB.TheHiddenCostofBeingKindtoOthersC.WhyAreWeSuspiciousofDo-gooders?D.HowtoPerformTrulySelflessGoodDeeds?【答案】28.D29.A30.A31.C【语篇解读】这篇文章主要探讨了人们对行善者的怀疑态度，即“行善者贬损”现象，分析了这一现象产生的原因，并通过相关实验进行验证，最后作者表达了自己对帮助他人所带来的“温暖光芒”的宽容态度。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Studiesconfirmthis,revealingaphenomenonknownasthe“taintedaltruismeffect”(被玷污的利他效应).ImagineyourfriendAndyvolunteersatahomelessshelter.Youlaterdiscoverheisonlydoingsotogetadatewiththemanager.StudiessuggestweviewAndymorenegativelythansomeonewhotookajobatacoffeeshopforthesameromanticmotive.Wearemorejudgmentalofthepersonhidingself-interestbehindacharitableact(研究证实了这一点，揭示了一种被称为“被玷污的利他效应”的现象。想象一下，你的朋友安迪在一家无家可归者收容所做志愿者。你后来发现他这样做只是为了和管理人员约会。研究表明，与出于同样浪漫动机在咖啡店工作的人相比，我们对安迪的看法更消极。我们对在慈善行为背后隐藏私利的人更严厉地批评)”可知，“被玷污的利他效应”指的是批评有隐藏动机的慈善行为。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Inoneexperiment,aresortownerwhospent$100,000cleaninglocalbeacheswasconsideredlessmoralwhenheusedtheacttoadvertisehisbusinessthanwhenhekeptitquiet.(在一项实验中，一位花费10万美元清理当地海滩的度假村老板，当他用这一行为来宣传自己的生意时，比他不声张时被认为更不道德)”可知，度假村老板宣传自己的生意，导致被认为不道德，可推理出从Hafenbrädl的实验中可以得知宣传会降低道德信誉。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Butpersonally,Iamhappytoforgivethe“warmglow”thatcomesfromhelpingothers,ifitmeansthereisalittlemorekindnessintheworld(但就我个人而言，如果这意味着世界上多一点善良，我很乐意原谅帮助他人所带来的“温暖光芒”)”可知，作者乐意原谅帮助他人所带来的“温暖光芒”，可推理出作者对帮助他人所带来的“温暖光芒”持宽容态度。【31题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thisscenecapturesacommonhumantendency:oursuspicionofdo-gooders,especiallywhentheymightbenefitfromtheiractions.(这一场景捕捉到了人类的一种常见倾向：我们对行善者的怀疑，尤其是当他们可能从自己的行为中受益时)”、第三段“Studiesconfirmthis,revealingaphenomenonknownasthe“taintedaltruismeffect”(被玷污的利他效应).ImagineyourfriendAndyvolunteersatahomelessshelter.Youlaterdiscoverheisonlydoingsotogetadatewiththemanager.StudiessuggestweviewAndymorenegativelythansomeonewhotookajobatacoffeeshopforthesameromanticmotive.Wearemorejudgmentalofthepersonhidingself-interestbehindacharitableact(研究证实了这一点，揭示了一种被称为“被玷污的利他效应”的现象。想象一下，你的朋友安迪在一家无家可归者收容所做志愿者。你后来发现他这样做只是为了和管理人员约会。研究表明，与出于同样浪漫动机在咖啡店工作的人相比，我们对安迪的看法更消极。我们对在慈善行为背后隐藏私利的人有更为苛刻的评价)”以及最后一段“Butpersonally,Iamhappytoforgivethe“warmglow”thatcomesfromhelpingothers,ifitmeansthereisalittlemorekindnessintheworld(但就我个人而言，如果这意味着世界上多一点善良，我很乐意原谅帮助他人所带来的“温暖光芒”)”可知，文章主要探讨了人们对行善者的怀疑态度，即“行善者贬损”现象，分析了这一现象产生的原因，并通过相关实验进行验证。所以C项“WhyAreWeSuspiciousofDo-gooders?(为什么我们对行善者持怀疑态度？)”是本文最佳标题。DFor19-year-oldMartaBernardinoandSebastiaoMendonca,theforestwastheintimatebackdropoftheirchildhood.“Itwasalivingplaygroundwherewebuiltourworld,”saysthepair.AschildrengrowingupnearLisbon,thetwoalwaysbelievedthattheforestwouldremainaconstantintheirlives.Buteveryyear,theysawfiresdestroytheforestneartheirhomes,leavingscorched(烧焦)hillsides.Desperatetorevivetheforest,thetwothen-highschoolstudentssetouttocreateTrovador,arobotcapableofreachingandreforestingareaswherehumanshavebeenunableto.In2023,BernardinoandMendoncasetouttocreateTrovador.Theirfirst15prototypes(原型),builtfromrecycledparts,planted28percentfasterthanhumanswitha90percentsurvivalrate.Thetwoarecurrentlyworkingtoimprovetheefficiencyoftherobotandhopethattheircurrentprototypeisabletohandlelongeroperationsonsteeperterrains.Therobotiscapableofclimbingslopesofupto45degreeswhiledetectingandavoidinganyrockinitsway.Trovadorisalsoequippedtocarryandplantupto200youngtreesperhour.Unlikeatractor(拖拉机),itbarelymakesanindentonthegroundthankstoitslightmovement,preservingporespaceforairandwaterinthesoil.Adepthcameraattachedtoitmapsanyobstacleandallowsittoslightlyadaptitstracksinrealtime.ItalsousesartificialintelligenceandsensorstoanalyzethepHandhumidityofthesoil,afterwhichTrovadorwillfollowathree-stepdig-place-tampsequencetoplantrootedsaplingsinsteadofseeds.MiguelJeronimo,alandscapearchitect,isinterestedinthetool.Hesays,“Trovadorappearstobeaninnovativeprojectwithpotential,particularlyasitwasdevelopedbytwoyoungstudentswhoturnedalow-costprototypeintoapossibleapproachtooneofPortugal’senvironmentalchallenges.”WhileJeronimoishopefulaboutthesuccessofTrovador,heisequallyapprehensiveabouttherobot’sdurabilityintheactualfield.Hesays,“Operationalendurance,mobilityindensevegetationandeaseofmaintenanceareareasthatneedfurtherexplorationbeforethesystemcanbeconsideredreadyforbroaduse.”32.WhydidthetwoteenagersstarttocreateTrovador?A.Toreplacefarmtractors. B.Tostudysoilconditions.C.Toplayinthenearbyforest. D.Torestoretheburntforest.33.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeTrovador?A.Slowbutreliable. B.Costlybutpowerful.C.Elegantandenergy-saving. D.Eco-friendlyandefficient.34.WhatattitudedoesJerónimohavetoTrovador?A.Objective. B.Doubtful. C.Uncaring. D.Critical.35.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.Portugal’sForestFireCrisis B.TheRiseofAgriculturalRobotsC.ARobottoReforesttheUnreachable D.TwoTeenagers’ConnectionwiththeForest【答案】32.D33.D34.A35.C【语篇解读】主要介绍19岁的玛尔塔·贝尔纳迪诺和塞巴斯蒂昂·门东萨为恢复被火灾破坏的森林，制造出名为Trovador的机器人，该机器人具有环保、高效等特点，同时也面临一些有待改进之处。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Buteveryyear,theysawfiresdestroytheforestneartheirhomes,leavingscorched(烧焦)hillsides.Desperatetorevivetheforest,thetwothen-highschoolstudentssetouttocreateTrovador(但每年，他们都看到大火摧毁了他们家附近的森林，留下烧焦的山坡。为了恢复森林，这两名当时还是高中生的学生开始制造Trovador)”可知，这两名青少年制造Trovador是为了恢复被烧毁的森林。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theirfirst15prototypes(原型),builtfromrecycledparts,planted28percentfasterthanhumanswitha90percentsurvivalrate.(他们最初的15个原型机由回收零件制成，种植速度比人类快28%，成活率达到90%)”以及第三段“Unlikeatractor(拖拉机),itbarelymakesanindentonthegroundthankstoitslightmovement,preservingporespaceforairandwaterinthesoil.(与拖拉机不同，由于它移动轻便，几乎不会在地面上留下凹痕，为土壤中的空气和水保留了孔隙空间)”可知，Trovador不仅种植效率高，而且对土壤环境友好。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“MiguelJeronimo,alandscapearchitect,isinterestedinthetool.Hesays,“Trovadorappearstobeaninnovativeprojectwithpotential,particularlyasitwasdevelopedbytwoyoungstudentswhoturnedalow-costprototypeintoapossibleapproachtooneofPortugal’senvironmentalchallenges.”WhileJeronimoishopefulaboutthesuccessofTrovador,heisequallyapprehensiveabouttherobot’sdurabilityintheactualfield.(景观设计师米格尔・热罗尼莫对这款工具十分感兴趣。他表示：“特罗瓦多是一个极具潜力的创新项目，尤其难得的是，它由两名年轻学生研发而成。二人将一个低成本的原型装置，转化为能够应对葡萄牙其中一项环境难题的可行方案。”热罗尼莫既对“特罗瓦多”项目的前景充满期待，同时也十分担忧这款机器人在真实野外环境中的耐用性)”可知，杰罗尼莫既看到了Trovador的潜力，又指出其存在的问题，态度是客观的。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“For19-year-oldMartaBernardinoandSebastiaoMendonca,theforestwastheintimatebackdropoftheirchildhood.“Itwasalivingplaygroundwherewebuiltourworld,”saysthepair.AschildrengrowingupnearLisbon,thetwoalwaysbelievedthattheforestwouldremainaconstantintheirlives.Buteveryyear,theysawfiresdestroytheforestneartheirhomes,leavingscorched(烧焦)hillsides.Desperatetorevivetheforest,thetwothen-highschoolstudentssetouttocreateTrovador,arobotcapableofreachingandreforestingareaswherehumanshavebeenunableto.(19岁的玛尔塔・贝尔纳迪诺与塞巴斯蒂昂・门东萨自幼便与森林相伴，森林是他们童年最亲切的背景。两人说道：“森林是一座鲜活的乐园，我们在那里构筑了属于自己的世界。”作为在里斯本郊外长大的孩子，他们一直以为这片森林会永远陪伴在身边。可年复一年，火灾不断吞噬着家附近的森林，只留下一片片被烧焦的山坡。为了让森林重焕生机，当时还在读高中的二人决心研发出特罗瓦多机器人。这款机器人能够抵达人类难以涉足的区域，并完成植树造林工作。)”文章主要围绕玛尔塔·贝尔纳迪诺和塞巴斯蒂昂·门东萨制造Trovador机器人来恢复难以到达地区的森林展开，C选项“一个为难以到达之地重新造林的机器人”为最佳标题。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theendoftheyear,withitsmanyholidays,isusuallythepeaktimeforshopping.Yetthefloodofpromotionscanbeexhausting.___36___Inresponse,BuyNothingDay,observedannuallyinNovemberinmanycountries,seekstosuspendit.Insteadofleadingpeopletoonlinestores,itinvitesthemtoaskwhattheytrulyneedandhowtheywanttocelebrate.Thefashionindustryproducesalargeshareofglobalwasteeachyear.___37___Itdemandsextraproductionandhigherenergyuse,anditbringsevenmorepackaging,muchofwhichisplasticthatwilllastforcenturies.___38___Itencouragessmall,intentionalactionsthatsupportpersonalwell-beingandtheplanet,suchasslowingdownandreconnectingwithnature.Ashortwalkoutdoorscanlowerstressandbringattentionbacktothepresentmoment.Noticingthewind,thelightortherhythmofaneighborhoodhelpspeoplefeelmoregroundedandmorewillingtocarefortheirsurroundings.Beyondspendingless,anotherstepistocareforwhatwealreadyown.Extendingthelifeofclothesorothereverydayobjectsreducesdemandfornewproductsandtheenergybehindthem.___39___Such“re-loving”shiftsourfocusfromaccumulation(积累)toappreciationandresponsibility.BuyNothingDayalsohighlightscreativealternativestoshopping.Insteadofbuyingnewthings,peoplecanturnsavedpaperintocardsorcookamealwithwhateverisalreadyathome.___40___Gradually,theywillturnBuyNothingDayfromaruleof“don’tbuy”intoaninvitationtorediscoverwhatitmeanstohaveenough.A.Holidayshoppingaddstothissituation.B.Greenlivinghasmorebenefitsthanthought.C.Donatingwhateverisnotneededshouldcomefirst.D.YetBuy