福建省莆田市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末质量调研英语试题

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省莆田市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末质量调研英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。AThepopularityofachieving10,000stepsadayindicatesthatmanyofushavewelcomedthemessage:walkingisbeneficialforoverallhealth.Thislow-impactactivity,requiringnospecialequipmentbeyondasturdypairofsneakers,improveshearthealth,lungcapacityandweightmanagementwhilehelpingpreventseveralage-relateddiseases,includingtype2diabetes.In2023,theBritishJournalofSportsMedicinepublishedtheresultsofadataanalysisoftendifferentstudiesthatinvestigatedtheimpactofwalkingspeedontheriskoftype2diabetes.Thisstudy,whichpooledstatisticsfromover500,000peopleintheUS,Japan,andtheUK,revealedthatboth“fairlybriskwalking”and“stridingwalking”wereassociatedwithalowerriskofdevelopingtype2diabetes,independentofthetimespentwalking.Astimedidnotemergeasasignificantfactor,theresearcherssuggestthatencouragingpeopletowalkatfasterspeedscouldimprovethehealthbenefitsofwalking,beyondsimplyincreasingtotalwalkingtimeorhittingaspecificstepcount.Relationshipsbetweenwalkingspeedandthereductionoftype2diabetesrisk:Averagepace3-5km/h15percentreductioninriskFairlybriskpace5-6.5km/h24percentreductioninriskJustbelowjoggingpace6.5km/h39percentreductioninrisk·Thetimespentwalkingwasnotadecisivefactor;instead,eachincreaseinspeedofonekilometreperhourcorrelatedwithaninepercentreductioninrisk.·Speedsexceeding4km/hwereassociatedwithalowerriskofthedisease.1.Whatcanwelearnaboutwalkingfromthepassage?A.Itisdemanding. B.Itiswellreceived.C.Itcancureheartdiseases. D.Itrequiresnoequipment.2.Atwhatwalkingspeedcanoneachievea24percentreductionintheriskoftype2diabetes?A.3-5km/h. B.5-6.5km/h. C.6.5km/h D.Above6.5km/h.3.Whichaspectofwalkingcanmostbenefithealth?A.Equipment. B.Time. C.Speed. D.Stepcount.BTheschoolhallwasnoisywithsofttalkingasparentssatdown.Sixteen-year-oldMayaheldherviolintightly,herhandswet.“Ipracticedforthreemonths”,shethought,“butwhatifIfail?”Playingalonebeforesomanypeoplemadeherheartbeatfast.Whenhernamewascalled,Mayawalkedontothebrightstage.Suddenly,aloudsoundfilledtheair.Thelegofhermusicstandbroke,andpapersfleweverywherelikefallingleaves.Peopleinthecrowdmadesoftshockedsounds.Mayastoodstill,herfacehot.Shepressedherlipstogethertostopthemfromshaking—allherhardworkseemedlostinthatawfulmoment.Thenshesawmovement.Aboyranquicklyfrombehindthesidecurtain.ItwasBen,aclassmateshealmostneverspoketo.Withoutstopping,hebentdownandpickeduptheflyingpapers.Hiscalmhandsmadethemessypagessmoothandneat.Givingherthepages,helookedintohereyes.“Believeinyourhands,”hesaidquietly.Hisstrongvoicehelpedherfeelsafeinherfear.Takingthedeepestbreathever,Mayaraisedherviolin.Whenthebowmetthestrings,somethingwonderfulhappened.Herstifffingersnowmovedeasily.Beautifulmusicflewthroughthehall,makingeveryonequiet.Asthelastnoteended,loudclappingfilledtheroom,makingtheoldceilingseemtoshake.Maya’seyesbecamewetassheturnedtoBen,buthewasalreadywalkingawayquietly.Lookingatthecheeringcrowd,thenatBen’sdisappearingback,Mayasuddenlyunderstoodsomethingimportant...4.WhatwastheimmediatecauseofthemesswhenMaya’sturncame?A.Maya’slackofconfidence. B.Ben’sunexpectedappearance.C.Theaudience’ssuddenapplause. D.Thecollapseofthemusicstand.5.WhatdidMayathinkofBen?A.Stronganddetermined. B.Outgoingandconfident.C.Helpfulandthoughtful. D.Intelligentandresponsible.6.HowdidMaya’semotionchange?A.Fromanxioustoconfident. B.Fromangrytorelaxed.C.Fromdisappointedtoexcited. D.Fromboredtoenthusiastic.7.WhatdoesMaya’sstoryshow?A.Afaithfulfriendisastrongdefense.B.Nothingiscertainbuttheunforeseen.C.Determinationpaveseveryimpossibleroad.D.Lifeistornsometimes,butsomeonealwaysmends.CInthespring,asmallbrownmoth(飞蛾)calledthebogongmothstartsanextraordinaryjourney.NativetoAustralia,itfliesover1,000kilometerseachnightfromflatgrasslandstocoolmountaincavesinthesoutheast-afeatcomparabletoahumanrunningamarathondailyforweeks.What’strulyastonishingishowthesetiny-brainedinsects,withbrainsone-tenththesizeofagrainofrice,navigate(导航)suchvastdistancesincompletedarkness.ScientistslongsuspectedbogongmothsusedEarth’smagneticfieldormountainshapesasguides.ButrecentresearchpublishedinNaturerevealedasurprisingsecret:theynavigatebythestars.Thisability,previouslyobservedonlyinbirdsandhumans,wasconfirmedthroughcreativeexperiments.ResearchersplacedmothsinaflightmodelthatblockedEarth’smagnetismandprojectedartificialstarpatterns.Whentheartificialskymatchedrealstargroups,mothsflewcorrectly.Whenstarswereturned180degrees,theyflewintheoppositedirection.Withoutconsistentstarlight,theybecamecompletelylost.Howdomoths“read”thestars?Thestudyfoundspecializedneuronsintheirbrainsthatrespondspecificallytostarlightpositions,particularlythebrightcoreoftheMilkyWay.Theseneuronslikelyformabasic“skymap,”allowingmothstoadjusttheirpathoverweeksasstarsgraduallyshift.Unlikedungbeetles-whichbrieflyusetheMilkyWayasalandmark-bogongmothscontinuouslytrackmovementsofthestars.Thisdiscoveryreshapesourunderstandingoftheinsects:forbogongmoths,starlightismorethanbeauty;itisasurvivaltoolwovenintotheirbiology.Aslightpollutionincreasinglycloudsthenightsky,protectingthesenaturalnavigatorsbecomesurgent—notjustforthem,butforallspeciesrelyingonthestars’ancientlight.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feat”inparagraph1mean?A.Dailyroutine. B.Naturalbehaviour.C.Physicalexercise. D.Remarkableachievement.9.Intheexperiment,whathappenedwhentheartificialstarswereturned180degrees?A.Mothsturnedaround. B.Mothsflewfaster.C.Mothsstoppedmoving. D.Mothsignoredthestars.10.Whichabilitydiffersbogongmothsfromdungbeetlesinnavigation?A.Totravellongerdistances. B.Toadjusttheirskymap.C.Tokeepfollowingmovingstars. D.TousetheMilkyWayasalandmark.11.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Nightskyshouldbeprotectedfromlightpollution.B.Starlightservesasabeautifuldestinationformoths.C.Allspeciesdependonthestarlighttonavigate.D.Insectsmakesocialinteractionswithstarlight.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Whilemostelderlyparentsprefertoageintheirownhomes,safetyandhealthconcernsdon’talwaysmakethispossible.Asasecondchoicetoanursinghome,manyofthemmoveintolivewiththeiradultchildren.___12___Let’stakealookatafewtipstohelpyouopenyourheartandhometoyourseniorparents.PatienceYouandyourchildrenmaybeexcitedabouttheideaofhavingyourelderlyparentsmovein,butthatdoesn’tmeanthattheywillshareyourexcitement.Movingoutoftheircomfortablehomecanbeveryupsetting.___13___SpaceBeforeyoubringanelderlyparentintoyourhome,youneedtoconsiderifyouhaveenoughspaceforthem.___14___Thismeansthatyoushouldgivethemtheirownbedroom.It’simportanttogiveyourparentsaspacewheretheycanhavesomeprivacy.ResponsibilityandPurposeYourseniorparentsusedtobeinchargeoftheirownhomeandarelikelytofeellikeaburdenastheybegintosettleinyourhome.Oneeffectivewayistogivethemahouseholdresponsibility.___15___QualitytimeMovingyourelderlyparentsintoyourhomewillundoubtedlyhaveitschallenges.However,youarebeinggiventheopportunitytospendvaluablequalitytimewithyourparentsandsharethemwiththerestofthefamily.___16___Followthesetipstohelpmaketheadjustmenteasierforthewholefamily.A.Thesemomentscanbecomepreciousmemories.B.Yourparentswouldliketohaveaplacetheycancalltheirown.C.However,everyonewillhaveanadjustmentperiodifithappens.D.Regularmedicalcheck-upsareessentialformaintainingtheirhealth.E.Seniorsoftenbringvaluablelifeexperienceswhenmovinginwithfamily.F.Askingthemtocookamealorsweepthefloorscanmakethemfeelneeded.G.It’simportanttoremainaspatientaspossibleandgivethemthespacetoadjust.第三部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Benalwaysfeltaquietexcitementholdingapencil.Fromayoungage,hesawtheworldinlinesandshadows,____17____anythingthatcaughthiseye—theoldoaktree,hissleepingdog,thebusystreet.Hedreamedoffillinggrandcanvases(画布)oneday.____18____,ashegrewolder,avoicewhispered:“Areyougoodenough?Isthisjusta(n)____19____hobby?”Hesawothertalentedartistsandfelthisownworkwas____20____andordinary.Discouraged,he____21____hissketchbooksaway.Onerainyafternoon,whentidyinghisbedroom,Bencameacrossthesketchbooksandfeelingbored,he____22____flippedthrough(快速翻阅)thoseolddrawings.Hesaw____23____filledwithawkwardfiguresandshapes.Butthen,betweenthem,hefoundasmall,colorfulsketchofwildflowershe’ddoneyearsago.Herememberedthepure____24____hefeltcapturingtheirdelicatepetals(花瓣).Itwasn’tperfect,butitwasalive.Thatsimplesketch____25____something.Benrealizedthejoywasn’tinbeingthebest,butinthe____26____ofcreatingitself.Thedoubtdidn’tdisappear,buthedecidedto____27____despiteit.Hestarteddrawingdaily,notforpraise,butforthatinnerinspiration.Progresswasslow,sometimes____28____,buthekeptshowingup.Monthslater,hisartteacherencouragedhimto____29____apiecefortheschoolartshow.Heartpounding,Benagreed.Onopeningnight,henervouslystoodbesidehisdrawing—adetailedstudyofanoldman’shands.Tohis____30____,peoplestoppedtolook.Noonementionedperfection;theytalkedaboutthefeelingitcarried.Inthatmoment,Benunderstood:truecourageliesinpursuingyour____31____anyway.17.A.drawing B.writing C.describing D.coloring18.A.Therefore B.Besides C.Yet D.Otherwise19.A.passive B.childish C.outdated D.graceful20.A.far-reaching B.awkward C.unique D.time-consuming21.A.threw B.gave C.sent D.packed22.A.excitedly B.carefully C.skillfully D.aimlessly23.A.stories B.memories C.pages D.examples24.A.pride B.joy C.interest D.hope25.A.ruined B.represented C.inspired D.saved26.A.process B.cause C.way D.result27.A.persist B.quit C.accept D.wait28.A.clear B.fast C.unnoticeable D.huge29.A.takeover B.turnin C.putaway D.makeup30.A.sadness B.regret C.disappointment D.astonishment31.A.success B.purpose C.ambition D.passion第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Festivalsarecelebratedallovertheworld.Theyhaveawide___32___(vary)oforigins.Nomatterhowdifferenttheymayseem,thespiritofsharingjoy,gratitude,love,orpeaceiscommoninallfestivals.Theharvestfestivalisoneofthemostimportantfestivalsinalmosteveryculture.It___33___(take)placeafterallthecropshavebeengatheredin.InancientEgypt,theharvestfestival___34___(feature)aparadeandagreatfeast.Today,insomeEuropeancountries,peopledecoratechurchesandtownhalls___35___flowersandfruit,andgettogethertocelebrateoverameal.DuringtheMid-AutumnFestivalinChina,familiesgather___36___(admire)theshiningmoonandenjoydeliciousmooncakes.Customsplayasignificantroleinfestivals,butsometimestheychange___37___time.Withthedevelopmentofmodernsociety,sometraditionsmayfadeaway.Forexample,the___38___(tradition)ChineseSpringFestivalcustomoflightingfirecrackersisgivenupinmanybigcities.Festivalsarebecomingmoreandmorecommercial.Businessestakeadvantageofthecelebrations.Onlineshoppingwebsitesandsocialmediaappsmake___39___mucheasierforthepublictospendmoreongifts.___40___somepeoplebelievefestivalsshouldnotbecommercialised,othersthinktheincreaseinspendingisgoodfortheeconomy.Festivalsareanimportantpartofsociety.Theyreflectpeople’swishes,faiths,andattitudestowardslife.Theyareoccasions____41____allowustorelaxandunderstandourroots.第三节根据课文内容完成句子。（共15小题，每题1分，满分15分）42.Findingandkeepingtheright_____(平衡)betweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsitescanbeabigchallenge.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)43.Thegroupaskedfor________(contribute)fromdifferentdepartmentsandraisedfundswithintheinternationalcommunity.(所给词的适当形式填空)44.Zhaxiandothervolunteerswatchedovertheantelopes_______________(夜以继日)tokeepthemsafefromattacks.(根据汉语提示完成句子)45.Ontheplaininfrontofus,wecanjust________________(看清；辨认出)aherdofgracefulanimals.（根据汉语提示完成句子）46.Shebelievesthatitishighlyimportanttobridgethedigitaldivideandmakesurethateveryone_______________(有……的通道)theInternetandknowshowtousenewtechnology.(根据汉语提示完成句子)47.Shewasmoreinterestedin________(照顾)patients,publishingmedicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,andtrainingthenextgenerationofdoctors.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)48.Thefourcountriesthat________________(属于)theUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.（根据汉语提示完成句子）49.AlmosteverywhereyougointheUK,youwillbesurroundedby__________(evident)offourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.(所给词的适当形式填空)50.He______(爱上)withMozart’sclassicalmusicwhenhesangfortheuniversitychoir.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)51.Inspired,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos,whichhethenjoinedtogetherintoone__________(perform).（所给词的适当形式填空）52.Peoplecelebratetoshowthattheyare________(gratitude)fortheyear’ssupplyoffood.(所给词的适当形式填空)53.Festivalsreflectpeople’swishes,__________(信仰),faithsandattitudestowardslife.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)54.Sheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanever________(hire)asaresidentphysicianintheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.(所给词的适当形式填空）55.Ihavetoadmitthatit________(definite)feelsgoodtobebackinthecityagain.(所给词的适当形式填空）56.To______________(谋生),someopenedupshopsandrestaurantsinChinatown.(根据汉语提示完成句子)第四部分书面表达（共两节，满分35分）第一节（满分15分）57.假设你是李华，你校将举办“野生动物保护”主题活动。请你发表一篇英文演讲，内容包括：1.动物濒危的原因；2.保护动物的行动建议。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式作答。Ladiesandgentlemen,Goodmorning!It’smyhonourtobehere.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyou!第二节读后续写（满分20分）58.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ihavebeendeeplytouchedbymanyactsofkindnessthroughoutmylife.Yet,noneshinesasbrightlyasthemomentIwitnessedatthebakeryatOldSturbridgeVillageinSturbridge,Massachusetts.Ihadvisitedthevillagethatd