2026年部编版高中英语必修第二册语法专项训练习题及答案

2026年部编版高中英语必修第二册语法专项训练习题及答案第1页共1页2026年部编版高中英语必修第二册语法专项训练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）（每小题只有一个选项符合题意，请把正确选项的字母填在题后括号内）1.Ifastudentwantstoaskaboutthemeaningoftheword"sustainable"inthecontextofenvironmentalprotection,whichquestionshouldtheyask?A.Whatistheoppositeofsustainable?B.Canyougiveanexampleofasustainableenergysource?C.Isthewordsustainablecommonlyusedinformalorinformallanguage?D.Howdoesthepronunciationofsustainabledifferfromthatofsustainabledevelopment?参考答案：B2.Inthesentence"Theconstructionofthenewhydroelectricpowerplanthassignificantlyreducedtheregion'srelianceonfossilfuels,"whichgrammaticalstructureisbeingused?A.GerundphraseB.InfinitivephraseC.ParticiplephraseD.Absolutephrase参考答案：D3.Ifafarmeriswritingareportaboutthebenefitsofusingdripirrigationinagriculture,whichsentencewouldbemostappropriatetoinclude?A."Thefarmerlikestowaterhiscrops."B."Dripirrigationcansaveupto50%ofwatercomparedtotraditionalirrigationmethods."C."Thecostofdripirrigationsystemsisveryhigh."D."Farmersshouldalwaysusesprinklers."参考答案：B4.Inthesentence"Despitetheheavyrain,theteammanagedtocompletetheconstructionprojectontime,"whichconjunctionisbeingused?A.BecauseB.AlthoughC.SoD.Becauseof参考答案：B5.Ifastudentispreparingapresentationabouttheimportanceofrenewableenergysources,whichsentencewouldbemosteffectivetostartwith?A."Iamgoingtotalkaboutrenewableenergy."B."Renewableenergyisatopicthatmanypeopleareinterestedin."C."Renewableenergysourcesincludesolar,wind,andhydroelectricpower."D."Theuseofrenewableenergyhasincreasedinrecentyears."参考答案：B6.Inthesentence"Thecommitteedecidedtopostponethemeetinguntilnextweek,"whichverbtenseisbeingused?A.PresentsimpleB.PresentcontinuousC.PastsimpleD.Futuresimple参考答案：D7.Ifacompanyiswritingareportabouttheadvantagesofremotework,whichsentencewouldbemostappropriatetoinclude?A."Thecompanyprefersemployeestoworkfromhome."B."Remoteworkcanleadtoincreasedproductivityandjobsatisfaction."C."Remoteworkisnotsuitableforallemployees."D."Thecompanydoesnotsupportremotework."参考答案：B8.Inthesentence"Thegovernmenthasimplementednewpoliciestopromotetheuseofelectricvehicles,"whichgrammaticalstructureisbeingused?A.InfinitivephraseB.GerundphraseC.ParticiplephraseD.Absolutephrase参考答案：A9.Ifateacherisexplainingtheconceptof"globalwarming"tostudents,whichsentencewouldbemosteffectivetouse?A."Globalwarmingisatopicthatisoftendiscussedinscienceclass."B."Globalwarmingiscausedbytheincreaseingreenhousegasesintheatmosphere."C."Globalwarmingisnotaseriousissue."D."Globalwarmingaffectsonlypolarregions."参考答案：B10.Inthesentence"Thecompany'seffortstoreduceitscarbonfootprinthavebeensuccessful,"whichverbtenseisbeingused?A.PresentsimpleB.PresentcontinuousC.PastsimpleD.Futuresimple参考答案：C二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）（请把正确答案直接填写在题中横线上，填写不完整的不得分）1.Themanageraskedtheworkers______theyhadfinishedtheconstructionproject.参考答案：whether2.Ifyou______morecarefully,youwouldn'thavemadesuchamistake.参考答案：hadbeenworking3.______isaskillthateveryoneneedsintoday'sfast-pacedworld.参考答案：Communication4.Sheisinterestedinlearninghowtouserenewableenergysources______.参考答案：inorderto5.Thecommitteedecidedtopostponethemeeting______therewasnotenoughtime.参考答案：because6.Weshouldtakeactiontoprotecttheenvironment______.参考答案：nowadays7.Thecompanyislookingforsomeonewhohasexperienceworkingwithlarge-scaleprojects______.参考答案：withexperiencein8.Heisnotonlyatalentedengineerbutalsoadedicatedleader______.参考答案：notonly...butalso...9.Thegovernmenthasimplementednewpoliciestoencouragetheuseofpublictransportation______.参考答案：recently10.Theteamworkedtogethertosolvetheproblem______theywereabletocompletethetaskontime.参考答案：sothat三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）（正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”，把判断符号填在题后括号内）1.Therelativeclausecanbeusedtomodifyanounorapronoun.参考答案：√2.Inthesentence"ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting,""that"isarelativepronoun.参考答案：√3.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotheractioninthepast.参考答案：√4.Inthesentence"Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforeshewenttobed,"theverbtenseusediscorrect.参考答案：√5.Thepassivevoiceisoftenusedtoemphasizetheobjectoftheaction.参考答案：√6.Inthesentence"Theexperimentwasconductedbythestudents,"thesentenceisinthepassivevoice.参考答案：√7.Thesubjunctivemoodisusedtoexpresswishes,suggestions,ordemands.参考答案：√8.Inthesentence"IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder,"thesubjunctivemoodisusedcorrectly.参考答案：√9.Theimperativemoodisusedtogivecommandsormakerequests.参考答案：√10.Inthesentence"Closethedoor,please,"theimperativemoodisusedcorrectly.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）（请分点作答，语言简明、要点齐全，写在对应题目下方的横线上）1.Whatisthefunctionoftherelativepronoun"that"inthesentence"Thebookthatisonthetableismine."?参考答案：Itreferstoabookandactsasthesubjectoftherelativeclause.2.Howdoyouformthepassivevoiceinthepresentperfecttense?参考答案：Thestructureis"have/hasbeen+pastparticiple."Forexample,"Thebookhasbeenwritten."3.Inthesentence"IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder,"whatmoodisusedandwhatdoesitexpress?参考答案：Thesubjunctivemoodisused,expressingahypotheticalsituation.4.Explainthedifferencebetween"must"and"haveto"intermsofmeaningandusage.参考答案：Mustexpressesstrongobligationornecessity,whilehavetoexpressesobligationimposedbyothersorcircumstances.5.Howdoyouusetheimperativemoodtogiveacommandormakearequest?参考答案：Theimperativemoodisusedtogivecommandsormakerequests,usuallywithoutsubjectpronouns.6.Inthesentence"SheisinterestedinlearningEnglish,"whatisthefunctionofthepreposition"in"?参考答案：Itshowstherelationshipbetweenthenoun"English"andtheverb"isinterested."Itindicatestheobjectoftheinterest.7.Howdoyouformthefuturesimpletensewiththeverb"togo"?参考答案：Thestructureis"will/shall+baseformoftheverb."Forexample,"ShewillgotoLondon."8.Explainthedifferencebetweenagerundandaparticipleintermsofformandfunction.参考答案：Agerundisaverbformendingin"-ing"thatfunctionsasanoun,whileaparticipleisaverbformendingin"-ing"or"-ed"thatfunctionsasanadjectiveorpartofaverbphrase.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）（先阅读下面材料，再根据材料内容作答，答案写在对应题目下方的横线上）Thegovernmenthasrecentlyimplementedaseriesofmeasurestopromoterenewableenergydevelopment.Oneofthekeyinitiativesistheestablishmentoftaxincentivesforcompaniesinvestinginsolarandwindenergyprojects.Theseincentivesaredesignedtoencouragebusinessestoshiftawayfromtraditionalfossilfuelsandembracecleaneralternatives.Accordingtothelatestreports,severallargecorporationshavealreadyannouncedtheirplanstoexpandtheirrenewableenergyportfolios,citingthegovernment'ssupportasamajorfactorintheirdecision.Themoveisexpectedtocreatenumerousjobsintherenewableenergysectorwhilealsocontributingtothereductionofcarbonemissions.Environmentalgroupshavewelcomedtheinitiative,statingthatitisacrucialsteptowardsachievingsustainabledevelopmentgoals.However,somecriticsarguethatthelong-termfinancialsustainabilityoftheseprojectsremainsuncertainwithoutfurtherinvestmentininfrastructureandtechnology.Despitetheseconcerns,thegovernmentremainscommittedtoitsrenewableenergyagenda,aimingtoincreasetheshareofcleanenergyinthenationalgridto50%by2030.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthegovernment'snewtaxincentives?A.ToreducethecostoffossilfuelproductionB.ToencourageinvestmentinrenewableenergyprojectsC.ToincreasethenumberoftraditionalenergycompaniesD.Tocreatemorejobsinthefossilfuelindustry参考答案：B2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisapositiveoutcomeofthegovernment'sinitiative?A.ThecreationofnumerousjobsintherenewableenergysectorB.ThereductionofcarbonemissionsC.TheexpansionoftraditionalfossilfuelprojectsD.Theincreaseingovernmentrevenuefromtaxes参考答案：A3.Whatistheviewofenvironmentalgroupsregardingthegovernment'sinitiative?A.Theyareskepticalaboutitslong-termeffectivenessB.TheybelieveitisacrucialsteptowardssustainabledevelopmentC.TheythinkitwillharmtheenvironmentmorethanhelpD.Theyarenotinterestedinrenewableenergyprojects参考答案：B4.Whatisthegovernment'sgoalfortheshareofcleanenergyinthenationalgridby2030?A.20%B.30%C.40%D.50%参考答案：D5.Whataresomeoftheconcernsraisedbycriticsofthegovernment'sinitiative?A.ThelackofinvestmentininfrastructureandtechnologyB.ThehighcostofrenewableenergyprojectsC.ThepotentialjoblossesinthefossilfuelindustryD.Thegovernment'scommitmenttosustainabledevelopment参考答案：A6.Whathasbeenthereactionoflargecorporationstothegovernment'ssupportforrenewableenergy?A.TheyhavedecidedtoreducetheirinvestmentsinrenewableenergyB.TheyhaveannouncedplanstoexpandtheirrenewableenergyportfoliosC.Theyhavecriticizedthegovernment'sapproachD.Theyhaveremainedneutralontheissue参考答案：B7.Whatistheexpectedimpactofthegovernment'sinitiativeontheeconomy?A.ItwillleadtoadecreaseinjobcreationB.ItwillhavenosignificanteconomicimpactC.ItwillcreatenumerousjobsintherenewableenergysectorD.Itwillcausetheclosureoftraditionalenergycompanies参考答案：C8.Whatistheoveralltoneofthepassage?A.CriticalB.SupportiveC.NeutralD.Indifferent参考答案：B标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“询问特定词汇在特定语境中的含义”。选项A询问反义词，与题干不符；选项C询问正式或非正式用法，与题干不符；选项D询问发音差异，与题干不符；选项B询问具体例子，符合题干要求。2.参考答案：D解析：本题考查“句子结构”。选项A是动名词短语，不符合题干；选项B是不定式短语，不符合题干；选项C是分词短语，不符合题干；选项D是绝对结构，符合题干。3.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“农业灌溉技术”。选项A是简单陈述，不符合题干；选项B是具体数据，符合题干；选项C是负面信息，不符合题干；选项D是建议，不符合题干。4.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“连词”。选项A是原因连词，不符合题干；选项B是让步连词，符合题干；选项C是结果连词，不符合题干；选项D是介词短语，不符合题干。5.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“开场白”。选项A是直接陈述，不符合题干；选项B是引入话题，符合题干；选项C是具体信息，不符合题干；选项D是背景信息，不符合题干。6.参考答案：D解析：本题考查“动词时态”。选项A是现在时，不符合题干；选项B是现在进行时，不符合题干；选项C是过去时，不符合题干；选项D是将来时，符合题干。7.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“远程工作优势”。选项A是个人偏好，不符合题干；选项B是具体优势，符合题干；选项C是负面信息，不符合题干；选项D是公司立场，不符合题干。8.参考答案：A解析：本题考查“句子结构”。选项B是动名词短语，不符合题干；选项C是分词短语，不符合题干；选项D是绝对结构，不符合题干；选项A是不定式短语，符合题干。9.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“解释概念”。选项A是背景信息，不符合题干；选项B是科学解释，符合题干；选项C是负面观点，不符合题干；选项D是范围限制，不符合题干。10.参考答案：C解析：本题考查“动词时态”。选项A是现在时，不符合题干；选项B是现在进行时，不符合题干；选项C是过去时，符合题干；选项D是将来时，不符合题干。二、填空题1.参考答案：whether解析：本题考查〈宾语从句〉。题干中的"asked"后面需要跟一个宾语从句，宾语从句需要使用"whether"或"if"引导，表示"是否"。根据句意，工人是否完成了建设项目是经理询问的内容，因此使用"whether"。2.参考答案：hadbeenworking解析：本题考查〈过去完成进行时〉。题干中的"wouldn'thavemade"表示对过去行为的虚拟，因此需要使用过去完成时态。同时，根据句意，表示在过去某个时间之前一直在做某事，因此使用过去完成进行时"hadbeenworking"。3.参考答案：Communication解析：本题考查〈名词〉。题干中的"isaskillthateveryoneneeds"指出需要填入一个名词，根据句意，沟通是一项每个人都需要掌握的技能，因此使用"Communication"。4.参考答案：inorderto解析：本题考查〈目的状语从句〉。题干中的"howtouserenewableenergysources"后面需要跟一个状语从句，表示目的。根据句意，学习如何使用可再生能源是为了保护环境，因此使用"inorderto"。5.参考答案：because解析：本题考查〈原因状语从句〉。题干中的"postponethemeeting"后面需要跟一个状语从句，表示原因。根据句意，会议被推迟是因为没有足够的时间，因此使用"because"。6.参考答案：nowadays解析：本题考查〈副词〉。题干中的"shouldtakeaction"指出需要填入一个副词，根据句意，现在应该采取行动来保护环境，因此使用"nowadays"。7.参考答案：withexperiencein解析：本题考查〈介词短语〉。题干中的"someonewhohasexperienceworkingwithlarge-scaleprojects"指出需要填入一个介词短语，表示具有相关经验。根据句意，公司正在寻找具有大型项目工作经验的人，因此使用"withexperiencein"。8.参考答案：notonly...butalso...解析：本题考查〈固定搭配〉。题干中的"isnotonlyatalentedengineerbutalsoadedicatedleader"指出需要填入一个固定搭配，表示不仅...而且...。根据句意，他不仅是一位有才华的工程师，而且是一位敬业的领导者，因此使用"notonly...butalso..."。9.参考答案：recently解析：本题考查〈副词〉。题干中的"hasimplementednewpolicies"指出需要填入一个副词，根据句意，政府最近实施了新的政策来鼓励使用公共交通，因此使用"recently"。10.参考答案：sothat解析：本题考查〈目的状语从句〉。题干中的"wereabletocompletethetaskontime"后面需要跟一个状语从句，表示目的。根据句意，团队一起工作是为了按时完成任务，因此使用"sothat"。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：本题考查〈定语从句的用法〉。定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，它可以提供关于这个名词或代词的额外信息。题干中的陈述是定语从句的基本功能，因此该说法正确。2.参考答案：√解析：本题考查〈关系代词的用法〉。在句子"ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting"中，"that"引导了一个定语从句，修饰名词"book"，"that"在从句中作主语，指代"thebook"，符合关系代词的用法，因此该说法正确。3.参考答案：√解析：本题考查〈过去完成时的用法〉。过去完成时用于描述在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作，常与另一个过去时间点连用，形成时间上的先后关系。题干中的描述符合过去完成时的用法，因此该说法正确。4.参考答案：√解析：本题考查〈过去完成时的用法〉。在句子"Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforeshewenttobed"中，"hadfinished"是过去完成时，表示在"wenttobed"这个过去时间点之前已经完成的动作，符合过去完成时的用法，因此该说法正确。5.参考答案：√解析：本题考查〈被动语态的用法〉。被动语态常用于强调动作的承受者而不是执行者，当不需要或不想指出动作的执行者时使用。题干中的描述符合被动语态的用法，因此该说法正确。6.参考答案：√解析：本题考查〈被动语态的用法〉。在句子"Theexperimentwasconductedbythestudents"中，"wasconducted"是被动语态，表示实验是由学生执行的，符合被动语态的用法，因此该说法正确。7.参考答案：√解析：本题考查〈虚拟语气的用法〉。虚拟语气用于表达愿望、建议、要求等，常用于非真实的条件句中。题干中的描述符合虚拟语气的用法，因此该说法正确。8.参考答案：√解析：本题考查〈虚拟语气的用法〉。在句子"IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder"中，"were"是虚拟语气中的过去式形式，表示与事实相反的假设情况，符合虚拟语气的用法，因此该说法正确。9.参考答案：√解析：本题考查〈祈使语气的用法〉。祈使语气用于给出命令或提出请求，通常以句子的主语省略开头。题干中的描述符合祈使语气的用法，因此该说法正确。10.参考答案：√解析：本题考查〈祈使语气的用法〉。在句子"Closethedoor,please"中，"Close"是祈使语气的动词形式，用于给出请求，符合祈使语气的用法，因此该说法正确。四、简答题1.参考答案：Itreferstoabookandactsasthesubjectoftherelativeclause.解析：本题考查定语从句中关系代词that的用法。that在句中指代先行词book，并在从句中作主语，同时限定是“在桌子上的书”。关系代词that在从句中充当主语时，指代物，且在口语和书面语中均可使用。2.参考答案：Thestructureis"have/hasbeen+pastparticiple."Forexample,"Thebookhasbeenwritten."解析：本题考查现在完成时的被动语态构成。现在完成时的被动语态由"have/hasbeen"加上动词的过去分词构成。例如，"Thebookhasbeenwritten"意为“这本书已经被写完了”。3.参考答案：Thesubjunctivemoodisused,expressingahypotheticalsituation.解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在"IfIwereyou"句型中，使用虚拟语气表示与事实相反的假设情况，were是be动词的过去式，用于第一和第二人称。4.参考答案：Mustexpressesstrongobligationornecessity,whilehavetoexpressesobligationimposedbyothersorcircumstances.解析：本题考查must和haveto的用法区别。must表示说话人强烈的义务或必要性，通常由说话人自己决定；haveto表示由他人或外界情况强加的义务，如"Studentshavetowearuniforms"（学生必须穿校服）。5.参考答案：Theimperativemoodisusedtogivecommandsormakerequests,usuallywithoutsubjectpronouns.解析：本题考查祈使句的用法。祈使句用于向某人发出命令或提出请求，句首通常省略主语you，句末用句号或感叹号。例如"Closethedoor,please."6.参考答案：Itshowstherelationshipbetweenthenoun"English"andtheverb"isinterested."Itindicatestheobjectoftheinterest.解析：本题考查介词in的用法。在句中，in表示"在...方面"，连接名词English和动词短语isinterestedin，说明兴趣的对象是英语。7.参考答案：Thestructureis"will/shall+baseformoftheverb."Forexample,"ShewillgotoLondon."解析：本题考查一般将来时的构成。一般将来时由"will/shall"加上动词的原形构成。例如，"ShewillgotoLondon"意为“她将去伦敦”。8.参考答案：Agerundisaverbformendingin"-ing"thatfunctionsasanoun,whileaparticipleisaverbformendingin"-ing"or"-ed"thatfunctionsasanadjectiveorpartofaverbphrase.解析：本题考查动名词和分词的区别。动名词（gerund）是动词的-ing形式，在句中作名词使用，如"Swimmingisfun"；分词（participle）是动词的-ing或-ed形式，在句中作形容词或构成动词短语，如"theswimmingpool"（游泳的泳池）或"hasbeenseen"（已经看过）。五、阅读理解题1.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“政府激励措施的目的”。根据材料第一句“Thegovernmenthasrecentlyimplementedaseriesofmeasurestopromoterenewableenergydevelopment.”可知，政府最近实施了一系列措施来促进可再生能源发展。选项B“鼓励投资于可再生能源项目”与材料内容一致，故为正确答案。选项A“降低化石燃料生产的成本”与材料内容不符，故排除。选项C“增加传统能源公司的数量”与材料内容不符，故排除。选项D“创造更多传统能源行业的就业机会”与材料内容不符，故排除。2.参考答案：A解析：本题考查“政府举措的积极成果”。根据材料第三句“Themoveisexpectedtocreatenumerousjobsintherenewableenergysectorwhilealsocontributingtothereductionofcarbonemissions.”可知，这一举措预计将在可再生能源领域创造大量就业机会。选项A“在可再生能源领域创造大量就业机会”与材料内容一致，故为正确答案。选项B“减少碳排放”也是积极成果，但选项A更直接地对应材料内容，故优先选择A。选项C“扩大传统化石燃料项目”与材料内容不符，故排除。选项D“增加政府税收”与材料内容不符，故排除。3.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“环保团体的观点”。根据材料第四句“Environmen