水电安装施工方案

ThreatenedPolarBearsOn

Thin

Ice

•

TheArctic

territory

where

polar

bears

roam

is

literally

meltingout

from

underthem.•

By

Felicity

Barringer

and

Andrew

C.Revkinto•The

InteriorDepartmentproposed

todesignatepolarbearsasa

threatenedspecies,saying

that

the

accelerating

loss

of

the

Arctic

ice

that

is

the

bears

’

huntingplatform

has

led

biologists

to

believe

thatbear

populations

will

decline,perhaps

sharply,

in

the

coming

decades.•The

InteriorDepartment

:

内政部•Propose

:

v•

propose

a•

propose•

proposeto提议

，

建议；

求婚do建议做...n.敬酒;举杯•

proposal向某人求婚someonetoast•TheInteriorDepartmentproposedtodesignatepolarbearsasathreatenedspecies,sayingthattheacceleratinglossoftheArcticicethatisthebears’huntingplatformhasledbiologiststobelievethatbearpopulationswilldecline,perhapssharply,inthecomingdecades.•designate:•vt.指定;指派;标出;把…定名为•adj.指定的;选定的•designateAasB:指定A为B•accelerate:vt加速•accelerateeconomic/economicalspeed•Arctic：

北极圈;北极的Antarctic•sharply：

急剧地•

The

InteriorDepartmentproposed

todesignate

polar

bears

as

a

threatenedspecies,

sayingthatthe

acceleratinglossoftheArctic

ice

that

is

the

bears

’

huntingplatformhas

ledbiologists

tobelievethatbearpopulationswilldecline,perhaps

sharply,

in

the

comingdecades.•

非谓语•

The

studentswent

out

of

thehall,smilingand

speaking.•TheInteriorDepartmentproposedtodesignatepolarbearsasathreatenedspecies,sayingthattheacceleratinglossoftheArcticicethatisthebears’huntingplatformhasledbiologiststobelievethatbearpopulationswilldecline,perhapssharply,inthecomingdecades.•TheInteriorDepartmentproposedtodesignatepolarbearsasathreatenedspecies--主句•Saying：

非谓语•SayingthattheacceleratinglossoftheArcticicethatisthebears’huntingplatformhasledbiologiststobelievethatbearpopulationswilldecline,perhapssharply,inthecomingdecades.•(that引导宾语从句

，

作say的宾语)•theacceleratinglossoftheArcticicethatisthebears’huntingplatform•（that引导定语从句修饰theacceleratinglossoftheArcticice)•theacceleratinglossoftheArcticice(thatisthebears’huntingplatform)hasledbiologiststobelievethatbearpopulationswilldecline,perhapssharply,inthecomingdecades.•(that引导宾语从句

，

作believe的宾语)•ManyexpertsontheArcticsaythatglobalwarmingiscausingtheicetomeltandthatthewarmingisatleastpartlytheresultoftheatmosphericbuildupofheat-trappinggassesfromtailpipesandsmokestacks.•cause:vt.引起n.原因reason•Theearthquakecausesfinancialproblem.•causesb/sthtodosth•partly:部分地

，

在一定程度上•atmospheric:大气的•atmosphere•heat-trapping:吸热的 •decision-making:•ManyexpertsontheArcticsaythatglobalwarmingiscausingtheicetomeltandthatthewarmingisatleastpartlytheresultoftheatmosphericbuildupofheat-trappinggassesfromtailpipesandsmokestacks.•主句:ManyexpertsontheArcticsay…•thatglobalwarmingiscausingtheicetomelt•and(并列两个that宾语从句

，

在宾语从句中

，

第一个that可以省

，

第二个that不可以省)•thatthewarmingisatleastpartlytheresultoftheatmosphericbuildupofheat-trappinggassesfromtailpipesandsmokestacks.•(2个that引导宾语从句

，

作say的宾语)•

Theplight

of

thepolar

bear

has

been

heldupby

the

environmentalists

as

asymbol

of

globalwarming

causedbyhumans.•

holdup:

提出•

a

symbol

of

globalwarming

that/which

iscaused

by

humans.•

Thisclasswillcontinue

to

discuss

the

issue

(which

is)proposedby

Smith.aplatformfor

hunting

seals,

and

as

apathway

to

coastalareas.The

iceshrinkagehasmeant

thatpolar

bears,which

are

strong

swimmers,have

had

tocover

longer

distancesbetween

iceand

land.•

Polarbears

are

dependent

on

sea

ice

as

•Polarbearsare

dependent

on

sea

ice

as

a

platformforhunting

seals,andas

apathwayto

coastalareas.•

be

dependent

on

sb./sth.依靠某人、某事•Be

independentof

sb/

sth.不依靠……•

depend

on•

coast•coastal•

Australiaisa

costal

country.•Polarbearsare

dependent

on

sea

ice•asaplatformforhunting

seals,•and

(并列两个as)•asapathway

to

coastal

areas.•Theiceshrinkagehasmeantthatpolarbears,whicharestrongswimmers,havehadtocoverlongerdistancesbetweeniceandland.•shrink:收缩，缩小•shrinkage：n•Woolenfabrics(纤维)shrinkinthewash.•mean,meant,meant•mean:vt意味whatdoyoumeanbysayingthat?•vi打算meantodosth.•Theiceshrinkagehasmeantthat…(that引导宾语从

句

，

作mean的宾语)•whicharestrongswimmers（非限定性定语从句修饰polarbears)•polarbearshavehadtocoverlongerdistancesbetweeniceandland.••TheyhavesurvivedpreviousArcticwarmingperiods,includingthelastwarmstretchbetweeniceagessome130,000yearsago,butsomeclimateexpertspredictthatnothinginthespecies’historyislikelytomatchthepaceandextentofwarmingandiceretreatsprojectedinthiscenturyandbeyond,shouldemissionsofheat-trappinggassescontinueunabated.•survive：vt.幸存;生还;幸免于;比...活得长•Theoldladysurvivedherfourchildren.•Inthetrafficaccident,only9passengerssurvived.•previous：

之前的previousstudy•Ex-boyfriend/girlfriend/wife/husband•retreat:撤退

，

向后退•abate：

减轻

，

减少•Abated:•Unabated:•

Theyhave

survivedpreviousArcticwarmingperiods,

includingthe

lastwarm

stretchbetween

ice

ages

some130,000

years

ago,but

some

climateexpertspredict

thatnothing

in

thespecies

’

history

islikely

tomatch

the

pace

and

extent

ofwarming

and

iceretreats

(whichare)projected

inthiscentury

and

beyond,

should

emissionsofheat-trappinggasses

continueunabated.•虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were,should,或had时,可省

略if，

再把were,should或had移到从句的句首

，

实行倒

装

。例如:•Iftheywereherenow,theycouldhelpus.•=Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus.•Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.•=Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.•Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.•=Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved.•注意:在虚拟语气的从句中

，

动词"be"的过去时态一律用"were"，

不用was，

即在从句中be用were代替

。例如:•IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim.•Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.•todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherday.•A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasI•

They

have

survived

previous

Arcticwarmingperiods,

including

the

lastwarm

stretchbetween

ice

ages

some

130,000years

ago.•

主句--They

have

survived

previous

Arcticwarmingperiods,•

介词短语--

including

the

last

warmstretchbetween

ice

ages

some

130,000years

ago.•but表转折,并列前后两个句子

。

•butsomeclimateexpertspredictthat…•(that引导宾语从句,作predict的宾语)•nothing(inthespecies’history)islikelytomatchthepaceandextentofwarmingandiceretreatsprojectedinthiscenturyandbeyond,•thepaceandextentofwarmingandiceretreats(whichare)projectedinthiscenturyandbeyond,•(1)shouldemissionsofheat