考研英语二2015年真题解析版含答案详解完形阅读翻译写作精讲可打印

2015年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）（科目代码：204）☆考生注意事项☆答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂2B铅笔填涂。考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。（以下信息考生必须认真填写）考生编号考生姓名..PAGE1.SectionI UseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Inourcontemporaryculture,theprospectofcommunicatingwith–orevenlookingat–astrangerisvirtuallyunbearable.Everyonearoundusseemstoagreebythewaytheyclingtotheirphones,evenwithouta1onasubway.It’sasadreality–ourdesiretoavoidinteractingwithotherhumanbeings–because2tobegainedfromtalkingtothestrangerstandingbyyou.Butyouwouldn’tknowit,3intoyourphone.Thisuniversalprotectionsendsthe4 :“Pleasedon’tapproachme.”Whatisitthatmakesusfeelweneedtohide5 ourscreens?Oneanswerisfear,accordingtoJonanexecutivementalcoach.fearrejection,orthatourinnocentsocialadvanceswillbe6as“weird.”fearwe’llbe7.fearwe’llbedisruptive.Strangersareinherently8 tous,sowearemorelikelytofeel9 whencommunicatingwiththemcomparedwithourfriendsandacquaintances.avoidthisuneasiness,we 10 toourphones.“Phonesbecomeoursecurityblanket,”says.“Theyareourhappyglassesthatprotectusfromwhatweperceiveisgoingtobemore.”Butonceweripofftheband-aid,tuckoursmartphonesinourpocketsandlookup,itdoesn’t12sobad.Inone2011experiment,behavioralscientistsNicholasEpleyandJulianaSchroederaskedcommuterstodotheunthinkable:Starta13.TheyhadChicagotraincommuterstalktotheirfellow14.“WhenDr.EpleyandMs.Schroederaskedotherpeopleinthesametrainstationto15howtheywouldfeelaftertalkingtoastranger,thecommutersthoughttheir16wouldbemorepleasantiftheysatontheirown,”TheNewsummarizes.Thoughtheparticipantsdidn’texpectapositiveexperience,afterthey17withtheexperiment,“notasinglepersonreportedhavingbeenembarrassed.”18,thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecomparedwiththosewithoutcommunication,whichmakesabsolutesense,19humanbeingsthriveoffofsocialconnections.that20:tostrangerscanmakeyoufeelconnected.1.[A]signal[B]permit[C]ticket[D]record2.[A]nothing[B]little[C]another[D]much3.[A]beaten[B]plugged[C]guided[D]brought4.[A]message[B]code[C]notice[D]sign5.[A]under[B]beyond[C]behind[D]from6.[A]misapplied[B]misinterpreted[C]misadjusted[D]mismatched7.[A]judged[B]fired[C]replaced[D]delayed8.[A]unreasonable[B]ungrateful[C]unconventional[D]unfamiliar9.[A]comfortable[B]confident[C]anxious[D]angry10.[A]attend[B]turn[C]take[D]point11.[A]dangerous[B]mysterious[C]violent[D]boring12.[A]bend[B]resist[C]hurt[D]decay13.[A]lecture[B]debate[C]conversation[D]negotiation14.[A]trainees[B]employees[C]researchers[D]passengers15.[A]reveal[B]choose[C]predict[D]design16.[A]voyage[B]flight[C]walk[D]ride17.[A]wentthrough[B]didaway[C]caughtup[D]putup18.[A]Inturn[B]Infact[C]Inparticular[D]Inconsequence19.[A]unless[B]whereas[C]if[D]since20.[A]funny[B]simple[C]logical[D]rareSectionII ReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurveys,peopleareactuallymorestressedathomethanatwork.Researchersmeasuredpeople’scortisol,whichisastressmarker,whiletheywereatworkandwhiletheywereathomeandfoundithigheratwhatissupposedtobeaplaceofrefuge.“Furthercontradictingconventionalwisdom,wefoundthatwomenaswellasmenhavelowerlevelsofstressatworkthanathome,”writesoneoftheresearchers,SarahDamaske.Infactwomenevensaytheyfeelbetteratwork,shenotes.“Itismen,notwomen,whoreportbeinghappierathomethanatwork.”Anothersurpriseisthatthefindingsholdtrueforboththosewithchildrenandwithout,butmoresofornonparents.Thisiswhypeoplewhoworkoutsidethehomehavebetterhealth.Whatthestudydoesn’tmeasureiswhetherpeoplearestilldoingworkwhenthey’reathome,whetheritishouseholdworkorworkbroughthomefromtheoffice.Formanymen,theendoftheworkdayisatimetokickback.Forwomenwhostayhome,theynevergettoleavetheoffice.Andforwomenwhoworkoutsidethehome,theyoftenareplayingcatch-up-with-householdtasks.Withtheblurringofroles,andthefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindtheworkplaceinmakingadjustmentsforworkingwomen,it’snotsurprisingthatwomenaremorestressedathome.Butnotjustagenderthing.Atwork,peopleprettymuchknowwhatthey’resupposedtobedoing:working,makingdoingthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawanincome.Thebargainisverypure:Employeeputsinhoursofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlife-sustainingmoola.Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchclarity.Rareisthehouseholdinwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout.Therearealotoftaskstobedone,thereareinadequaterewardsformostofthem.homecolleagues–yourfamily–havenoclearrewardsfortheirlabor;theyneedtobetalkedintoit,orifthey’reteenagers,threatenedwithcompleteremovalofallelectronicdevices.Plus,they’reyourcannotfireyourneverreallygettogohomefromhome.Sonotsurprisingthatpeoplearemorestressedathome.Notonlyarethetasksapparentlyinfinite,theco-workersaremuchhardertomotivate.AccordingtoParagraph1,mostprevioussurveysfoundthathome .offeredgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplacewasanidealplaceforstressmeasurementgeneratedmorestressthantheworkplacewasanunrealisticplaceforrelaxationAccordingtoDamaske,whoarelikelytobethehappiestathome?mothers.Childlesshusbands.fathers.Childlesswives.Theblurringofworkingrolesreferstothefactthat .theirhomeisalsoaplaceforkickingbacktheyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewivesthereisoftenmuchhouseworkleftbehinditisdifficultforthemtoleavetheirofficeTheword“moola”(Line4,Para.4)mostprobablymeans .skillsenergyearningsnutritionThehomefrontdiffersfromtheworkplaceinthat .familylaborisoftenadequatelyrewardedhomeishardlyacozierworkingenvironmenthouseholdtasksaregenerallymoremotivatingdivisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cutText2Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents–thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree–lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitmoreofthem.Thishascreated“aparadox”inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas“continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose”anachievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalScience.Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach(whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram)canclose63percentoftheachievementgap(measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades)betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindingsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students(whocompletedtheproject)atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegree.Mostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1percent)wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed,whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswithatleastoneparentwithafour-yeardegree.Theirthesis–thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact–wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.Theycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.Manyfirst-generationstudents“struggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation,learnthe‘rulesofthegame,’andtakeadvantageofcollegeresources,”theywrite.Andthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollegesdon’ttalkabouttheclassadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudents.“BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents’educationalexperiences,manyfirst-generationstudentslackinsightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudents‘likethem’canimprove.”Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas .reducedtheirdropoutratesnarrowedtheachievementgapmisseditsoriginalpurposedepressedcollegestudentsTheauthorsoftheresearcharticleareoptimisticbecause .theirfindingsappealtostudentstherecruitingratehasincreasedtheproblemissolvabletheirapproachiscostlessThestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-generationstudents .arefromsingle-parentfamiliesstudyatprivateuniversitiesareinneedoffinancialsupporthavefailedtheircollegeTheauthorsofthepaperbelievethatfirst-generationstudents .maylackopportunitiestoapplyforresearchprojectsareinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollegecanhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudentsareactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgapmayinferfromthelastparagraphthat .universitiesoftenrejectthecultureofthemiddle-classstudentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlackofresourcessocialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationalexperiencescollegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestionText3Evenintraditionaloffices,“thelinguafrancaofcorporateAmericahasgottenmuchmoreemotionalandmuchmoreright-brainedthanitwas20yearsago,”saidHarvardBusinessSchoolprofessorNancyKoehn.Shestartedspinningoffexamples.“IfyouandIparachutedbacktoFortune500companiesin1990,wewouldseemuchlessfrequentuseoftermslikejourney,mission,passion.Thereweregoals,therewerestrategies,therewereobjectives,butwedidn’ttalkaboutenergy;wedidn’ttalkaboutpassion.”Koehnpointedoutthatthisneweraofcorporatevocabularyisvery“team”-oriented–andnotbycoincidence.“Let’snotforgetsports–inmale-dominatedcorporateAmerica,stillabigdeal.notexplicitlyconscious;theideathatI’macoach,andyou’remyteam,andwe’reinthistogether.TherearelotsandlotsofCEOsinverydifferentcompanies,butmostthinkofthemselvesascoachesandthisistheirteamandtheywanttowin.”Thesetermsarealsointendedtoinfuseworkwithmeaning–and,asRakeshKhurana,anotherprofessor,pointsout,increaseallegiancetothefirm.“Youhavetheimportationofterminologythathistoricallyusedtobeassociatedwithnon-profitorganizationsandreligiousorganizations:termslikevision,values,passion,andpurpose,”saidKhurana.Thisnewfocusonpersonalfulfillmentcanhelpkeepemployeesmotivatedamidincreasinglylouddebatesoverwork-lifebalance.The“mommywars”ofthe1990sarestillgoingonpromptingargumentsaboutwhywomenstillcan’thaveitallandbookslikeSherylLeanIn,whosetitlehasbecomeabuzzwordinitsownright.likeunplug,offline,life-hack,bandwidth,andcapacityareallaboutsettingboundariesbetweentheofficeandthehome.Butifyourworkisyour“passion,”you’llbemorelikelytodevoteyourselftoit,evenifthatmeansgoinghomefordinnerandthenworkinglongafterthekidsareinbed.Butthisseemstobetheironyofofficespeak:Everyonemakesfunofit,butmanagersloveit,companiesdependonit,andregularpeoplewillinglyabsorbit.Asalinguistoncesaid,cangetpeopletothinknonsenseatthesametimethatyoubuyintoit.”Inaworkplacefundamentallyindifferenttoyourlifeanditsmeaning,officespeakcanhelpyoufigureouthowyourelatetoyourwork–andhowyourworkdefineswhoyouare.AccordingtoNancyKoehn,officelanguagehasbecome .lessstrategiclessenergeticmoreobjectivemoreemotional“Team”-orientedcorporatevocabularyiscloselyrelatedto .sportsculturegenderdifferencehistoricalincidentsathleticexecutivesKhuranabelievesthattheimportationofterminologyaimsto .revivehistoricaltermspromotecompanyimagefostercorporatecooperationstrengthenemployeeloyaltyItcanbeinferredthatLeanIn .voicesforworkingwomenappealstopassionateworkaholicstriggersdebatesamongmommiespraisesmotivatedemployeesWhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutofficespeak?Linguistsbelieveittobenonsense.Regularpeoplemockitbutacceptit.Companiesfindittobefundamental.Managersadmireitbutavoidit.Text4Manypeopletalkedofthe288,000newjobstheLaborDepartmentreportedforJune,alongwiththedropintheunemploymentrateto6.1percent,asgoodnews.Andtheywereright.Fornowitappearstheeconomyiscreatingjobsatadecentpace.Westillhavealongwaytogotogetbacktofullemployment,butatleastwearenowfinallymovingforwardatafasterpace.However,thereisanotherimportantpartofthejobspicturethatwaslargelyoverlooked.Therewasabigjumpinthenumberofpeoplewhoreportvoluntarilyworkingpart-time.Thisfigureisnow830,000（4.4percent）aboveitsyearagolevel.BeforeexplainingtheconnectiontotheObamacare,itisworthmakinganimportantdistinction.Manypeoplewhoworkpart-timejobsactuallywantfull-timejobs.Theytakepart-timeworkbecausethisisalltheycanget.Anincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeworkisevidenceofweaknessinthelabormarketanditmeansthatmanypeoplewillbehavingaveryhardtimemakingendsmeet.Therewasanincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeinJune,butthegeneraldirectionhasbeendown.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentisstillfarhigherthanbeforetherecession,butitisdownby640,000(7.9percent)fromitsyearagolevel.Weknowthedifferencebetweenvoluntaryandinvoluntarypart-timeemploymentbecausepeopletellus.ThesurveyusedbytheLaborDepartmentaskspeopleiftheyworkedlessthan35hoursinthereferenceweek.Iftheansweris“yes,”theyareclassifiedasworkingpart-time.Thesurveythenaskswhethertheyworkedlessthan35hoursinthatweekbecausetheywantedtoworklessthanfulltimeorbecausetheyhadnochoice.Theyareonlyclassifiedasvoluntarypart-timeworkersiftheytellthesurveytakertheychosetoworklessthan35hoursaweek.Theissueofvoluntarypart-timerelatestoObamacarebecauseoneofthemainpurposeswastoallowpeopletogetinsuranceoutsideofemployment.Formanypeople,especiallythosewithserioushealthconditionsorfamilymemberswithserioushealthconditions,beforeObamacaretheonlywaytogetinsurancewasthroughajobthatprovidedhealthinsurance.However,Obamacarehasallowedmorethan12millionpeopletoeithergetinsurancethroughMedicaidortheexchanges.Thesearepeoplewhomaypreviouslyhavefelttheneedtogetafull-timejobthatprovidedinsuranceinordertocoverthemselvesandtheirfamilies.WithObamacarethereisnolongeralinkbetweenemploymentandinsurance.Whichpartofthejobspicturewasneglected?Theprospectofathrivingjobmarket.Theincreaseofvoluntarypart-timejobs.Thepossibilityoffullemployment.Theaccelerationofjobcreation.Manypeopleworkpart-timebecausethey .preferpart-timejobstofull-timejobsfeelthatisenoughtomakeendsmeetcannotgettheirhandsonfull-timejobshaven’tseentheweaknessofthemarketInvoluntarypart-timeemploymentintheUS .showsageneraltendencyofdeclineishardertoacquirethanoneyearagosatisfiestherealneedofthejoblessislowerthanbeforetherecessionItcanbelearnedthatwithObamacare, .itisnolongereasyforpart-timerstogetinsurancefull-timeemploymentisstillessentialforinsuranceitisstillchallengingtogetinsuranceforfamilymembersemploymentisnolongerapreconditiontogetinsuranceThetextmainlydiscusses .employmentintheUSpart-timerclassificationinsurancethroughMedicaidObamacare’stroublePartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachofthenumberedparagraphs(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)arenotaloneExperiencehelpsyougrowPaveyourownuniquepathMostofyourfearsareunrealThinkaboutthepresentmomentDon’tfearresponsibilityforyourlifeTherearemanythingstobegratefulforSomeOldTruthstoHelpYouOvercomeToughTimesUnfortunately,lifeisnotabedofroses.Wearegoingthroughlifefacingsadexperiences.Moreover,wearegrievingvariouskindsofloss:afriendship,aromanticrelationshiporahouse.Hardtimesmayholdyoudownatwhatusuallyseemslikethemostinopportunetime,butyoushouldrememberthattheywon’tlastforever.Whenourtimeofmourningisover,wepressforward,strongerwithagreaterunderstandingandrespectforlife.Furthermore,theselossesmakeusmatureandeventuallymoveustowardfutureopportunitiesforgrowthandhappiness.IwanttosharetheseoldtruthsI’velearnedalongtheway.41. Fearisbothusefulandharmful.Thisnormalhumanreactionisusedtoprotectusbysignalingdangerandpreparingustodealwithit.Unfortunately,peoplecreateinnerbarrierswithahelpofexaggeratingfears.MyfavoriteactorSmithoncesaid,“Fearisnotreal.Itisaproductofthoughtsyoucreate.Donotmisunderstandme.Dangerisveryreal.Butfearisachoice.”Idocompletelyagreethatfearsarejusttheproductofourluxuriantimagination.42. Ifyouaresurroundedbyproblemsandcannotstopthinkingaboutthepast,trytofocusonthepresentmoment.Manyofusareweigheddownbythepastoranxiousaboutthefuture.mayfeelguiltoveryourpast,butyouarepoisoningthepresentwiththethingsandcircumstancesyoucannotchange.thepresentmomentandrememberhowfortunateyouaretobealive.Enjoythebeautyoftheworldaroundandkeeptheeyesopentoseethepossibilitiesbeforeyou.Happinessisnotapointoffutureandnotamomentfromthepast,butamindsetthatcanbedesignedintothepresent.43. Sometimesitiseasytofeelbadbecauseyouaregoingthroughtoughtimes.Youcanbeeasilycaughtupbylifeproblemsthatyouforgettopauseandappreciatethethingsyouhave.Onlystrongpeopleprefertosmileandvaluetheirlifeinsteadofcryingandcomplainingaboutsomething.44. Nomatterhowisolatedyoumightfeelandhowseriousthesituationis,youshouldalwaysrememberthatyouarenotalone.Trytokeepinmindthatalmosteveryonerespectsandwantstohelpyouifyouaretryingtomakeagoodchangeinyourlife,especiallyyourdearestandnearestpeople.Youmayhaveacircleoffriendswhoprovideconstantgoodhumor,helpandcompanionship.Ifyouhavenofriendsorrelatives,trytoparticipateinseveralonlinecommunities,fullofpeoplewhoarealwayswillingtoshareadviceandencouragement.45. manypeoplefinditdifficulttotrusttheirownopinionandseekbalancebygainingobjectivityfromexternalsources.Thiswayyoudevalueyouropinionandshowthatyouareincapableofmanagingyourownlife.Whenyouarestrugglingtoachievesomethingimportantyoushouldbelieveinyourselfandbesurethatyourdecisionisthebest.liveinyourskin,thinkyourownthoughts,haveyourownvaluesandmakeyourownchoices.Directions:

SectionIII TranslationTranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Thinkaboutdrivingarouteveryfamiliar.Itcouldbeyourcommutetowork,atripintotownorthewayhome.Whicheveritis,youknoweverytwistandturnlikethebackofyourhand.Onthesesortsoftripseasytoloseconcentrationonthedrivingandpaylittleattentiontothepassingscenery.Theconsequenceisthatyouperceivethatthetriphastakenlesstimethanitactuallyhas.Thisisthewell-travelledroadeffect:Peopletendtounderestimatethetimeittakestotravelafamiliarroute.Theeffectiscausedbythewayweallocateourattention.Whenwetraveldownawell-knownroute,becausewedon’thavetoconcentratemuch,timeseemstoflowmorequickly.Andafterwards,whenwecometothinkbackonit,wecan’trememberthejourneywellbecausewedidn’tpaymuchattentiontoit.Soweassumeitwasshorter.SectionIV WritingPartADirections:Supposeyouruniversityisgoingtohostasummercampforhighschoolstudents.Writeanoticetobrieflyintroducethecampactivities,andcallforvolunteers.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotuseyournameorthenameofyouruniversity.Donotwriteyouraddress.(10points)PartBDirections:Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshouldinterpretthechart,andgiveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)2015年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）试题参考答案与解析1.答案【A】【解析】bythewaytheyclingtotheirphones,evenwithouta___onasubway指地铁里“没有手机信号”仍紧握手机，signal正确；permit许可、ticket车票、record记录均不合。2.答案【D】【解析】there's___tobegainedfromtalkingtothestrangerstandingbyyou与“回避交流的悲哀现实”呼应，说明本可获益良多，much正确；nothing、little与作者立场相反，another语法不通。3.答案【B】【解析】Butyouwouldn'tknowit,___intoyourphone为过去分词短语表状态，指“埋头于手机”，plugged正确（pluginto接入、沉浸）；beaten被打、guided被引导、brought被带来均不合。4.答案【A】【解析】Thisuniversalprotectionsendsthe___:“Pleasedon'tapproachme.”冒号后为传递的“信息”，message正确；code代码、notice通知、sign标志都不如message与send搭配。5.答案【C】【解析】Whatisitthatmakesusfeelweneedtohide___ourscreens?指“躲在屏幕后面”，behind正确；under、beyond、from都不合hidebehind的遮挡关系。6.答案【B】【解析】wefear...thatourinnocentsocialadvanceswillbe___as“weird”指被“误解为”古怪，misinterpreted正确；misapplied误用、misadjusted失调、mismatched不匹配均不合。7.答案【A】【解析】Wefearwe'llbe___与后句Wefearwe'llbedisruptive并列，指“被人评判指点”，judged正确；fired解雇、replaced替换、delayed耽搁都不合陌生人相处的语境。8.答案【D】【解析】Strangersareinherently___tous,sowearemorelikelytofeelanxious指“陌生不熟悉”，unfamiliar正确；unreasonable不合理、ungrateful忘恩、unconventional非常规都不合。9.答案【C】【解析】wearemorelikelytofeel___whencommunicatingwiththemcomparedwithourfriends与“朋友相处”对照，指“焦虑不安”，anxious正确；comfortable舒适、confident自信、angry生气都不合。10.答案【B】【解析】Toavoidthisuneasiness,we___toourphones为固定搭配turnto（转向、求助），turn正确；attendto处理、taketo养成（习惯）、pointto指向都不如turnto与“寻求安慰”呼应。11.答案【A】【解析】protectusfromwhatweperceiveisgoingtobemore___指我们“以为”会遇到的危险，dangerous正确；mysterious神秘、violent暴力、boring无聊都不如dangerous与protect呼应。12.答案【C】【解析】onceweripofftheband-aid...itdoesn't___sobad指“情况没那么糟/没那么难受”，hurt正确；bend弯曲、resist抵抗、decay衰败均不合。13.答案【C】【解析】askedcommuterstodotheunthinkable:Starta___后文说与同车乘客交谈，故为“对话”，conversation正确；lecture讲座、debate辩论、negotiation谈判均不合。14.答案【D】【解析】TheyhadChicagotraincommuterstalktotheirfellow___指同车“乘客”，passengers正确；trainees学员、employees雇员、researchers研究者均不合。15.答案【C】【解析】askedotherpeopleinthesametrainstationto___howtheywouldfeel指“预测”感受，predict正确；reveal透露、choose选择、design设计均不合。16.答案【D】【解析】thecommutersthoughttheir___wouldbemorepleasantiftheysatontheirown指乘车“行程”，ride正确；voyage航行、flight飞行、walk步行均不适用于地铁通勤。17.答案【A】【解析】afterthey___withtheexperiment为固定搭配gothroughwith（完成、把……做完），wentthrough正确；didaway（废除）、caughtup（追上）、putup（忍受）均不合。18.答案【B】【解析】___,thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecomparedwiththosewithoutcommunication前段说“无人报告尴尬”，本句进一步说“实际上更愉快”，用Infact递进最自然；Inturn依次、Inparticular尤其、Inconsequence因此都不合。19.答案【D】【解析】whichmakesabsolutesense,___humanbeingsthriveoffofsocialconnections后句为原因，since（因为）正确；unless除非、whereas然而、if如果都不表因果。20.答案【B】【解析】It'sthat___:Talkingtostrangerscanmakeyoufeelconnected强调道理“简单”，simple正确；funny有趣、logical合乎逻辑、rare罕见都不如simple与冒号后的简短总结呼应。21.答案【A】【解析】首段说contrarytomostsurveys,peopleareactuallymorestressedathomethanatwork，说明以往调查认为家比职场更放松，offeredgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplace正确；B理想测量地、C产生更多压力、D不现实放松地均与“以往调查”不符。22.答案【B】【解析】第二段引Damaske说Itismen,notwomen,whoreportbeinghappierathome；且该结论对无子女者更为明显，故最可能是无子女的丈夫，Childlesshusbands正确；A职场母亲、C在职父亲、D无子女妻子均不符。23.答案【B】【解析】第三段说女性角色模糊：留在家中的女性nevergettoleavetheoffice，外出工作的女性oftenareplayingcatch-up-with-householdtasks，即既是养家者又是家务承担者，theyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewives正确；A家也是放松之处（原文是男性的情形）、C常留下大量家务（只涉一面）、D难以离开办公室（只说全职主妇）均不完整。24.答案【C】【解析】Employeeputsinhoursofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlife-sustainingmoola中moola与“付出劳动”对应，指“报酬”，故意为earnings，earnings正确；skills技能、energy精力、nutrition营养均不合。25.答案【D】【解析】第五段称家庭领域中peoplehavenosuchclarity，Rareisthehouseholdinwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout，即家务分工很少界限分明，divisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cut正确；A家务劳动常有足够回报（原文正相反）、B家不是更舒适的工作环境（表述空泛）、C家务更能激励人（原文说难激励）均不符。26.答案【C】【解析】首段说招收第一代大学生后眼看许多学生失败，意味着高等教育“继续复制并扩大而非缩小”阶层差距，即招生初衷落空，misseditsoriginalpurpose正确；A降低辍学率、B缩小差距均与原文相反，D使大学生沮丧无据。27.答案【C】【解析】第二段称文章quiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolution...canclose63percentoftheachievementgap，即问题可以解决，theproblemissolvable正确；A研究受学生欢迎、B招生率上升、D方法零成本（原文next-to-no-cost为“几乎零成本”）均非乐观原因。28.答案【C】【解析】第三段指出Mostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1percent)wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed，即多数需要经济资助，areinneedoffinancialsupport正确；A单亲家庭、B就读私立大学、D学业失败均不符。29.答案【B】【解析】第四段称第一代学生maybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents，即缺乏处理实际问题的经验，areinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollege正确；A缺少申请科研项目机会、C能影响其他学生、D对差距漠不关心均不符。30.答案【D】【解析】末段说美国高校seldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents'educationalexperiences，致使第一代学生不明白自己为何挣扎，可推知高校对这一问题负有部分责任，collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestion正确；A高校常拒斥中产文化、B学生该为资源不足负责、C社会阶层有助丰富教育体验均不符。31.答案【D】【解析】首段引Koehn说the