中译英长句翻译技巧PPT课件

1、.,1,长句的翻译,.,2,汉语与英语构句的不同特点,英语长句结构：主语+谓语+修饰语并列成分或并列句短语或从句英语主谓关系非常明显，其他成分通过各种手段（介词、连词、关系代词、关系副词）同主谓成分挂钩,.,3,汉语连接词相对少，使用频率也低，少用介词而多用动词结构松散，分句间缺乏应有的形式连接汉语构句注重意义连贯逻辑顺序，先后及因果,.,4,原序翻译：,按原来的句子顺序将原文译成英文，而且原文是一个长句，译文保持长句的形式。原序翻译的基础是，中国人和英美等西方人在思维方式上存在共性。,.,5,这家实业公司建于四年前，隶属上海工业技术发展中心，注重协调帮助所属企业进行生产技术的更新、老厂机制的

2、转换，并且参与投资。Setupfouryearsago,thisEnterprisesCorporationissubordinatetotheIndustrialTechnologyDevelopmentCenterofShanghai.Ithelpstocoordinateandassistsubordinateenterprisesinupdatingproductiontechnologyandtotransformmechanismofoldfactories,aswellastakingpartincapitalinvestment.,.,6,上海大众汽车公司是一家中德合资企业，去

3、年汽车产量为十万辆，预计今年产量可再增加五万两。ShanghaiVolkswagon,aGerman-Sinojointventurewhichturnedout100,000carslastyear,isexpectedtoincreaseproductionby50.000.,.,7,你可能知道中国一向坚持开放政策并对引进国外投资采取积极立场，以在平等互利的基础上与其他国家扩大经济合作和技术交流。YouareprobablyawarethatChinahasalwayspersistedinanopeninguppolicyandtakenapositivestandtoattractfo

4、reigninvestment,withaviewtoexpandingeconomiccooperationandtechnicalexchangewithothercountriesonthebasisofequalityandmutualbenefit.,.,8,分译：,拆句或断句。汉语句内关系不明显，英语通过使用连词明确表现出来。汉语分句可独立成句，因此英译时透彻理解原文，体会思路，分析句子内部关系根据英语表达习惯重新分译,.,9,含以下句式则分译,疑问、感叹、反诘句比方句概括句对立句阐述句多层次意义,.,10,疑问、感叹、反诘句,1.许多人都说他是个笨蛋,但果真如此吗?Manypeo

5、plesayheisanass.Butisthatso?2.应当承认,每个民族都有它的长处,不然它为什么能存在?为什么能发展?Itmustbeadmittedthateverynationhasitsstrongpoints.Ifnot,howcanitsurvive?Howcanitprogress?,.,11,中国学生很灵,一挥而就,洋教师阅后,评出了最佳作文一篇,学生们听后大为不解,这种文章怎么能被评为“最佳”?HisChinesestudents,quickatwriting,finishedthehomeworkatonegoandturneditinverysoon.Hewentt

6、hroughthepapersandpickedtheonethathethoughtthebest.Whenhereaditouttothestudents,theyweregenerallyperplexed.Ofallthecomments,whydidhelikethisonebest?,.,12,几千年来，形成老者自以为经验丰富而鄙薄少年为处事幼稚，而少年自以为活力充沛而蔑视老者为老朽昏庸。这真是偏颇的见地！Forthousandsofyearsithasbeenassumedthattheaged,thinkingthemselvesexperiencedandmoreskillf

7、ul,lookdownupontheyoungfortheirgreennessinworldlyaffairs,whiletheyoung,thinkingthemselvesfreshinlifeandmoreenergetic,calltheagedoldfogies.Eitheroftheseviews,ofcourse,isfarfrombeingimpartial.,.,13,概括句,农民的生活水平不断提高，大部分农民已解决了温饱问题，不少农民已过上小康生活。Thelivingstandardoffarmershasbeencontinuouslyimproving.Themajo

8、rityhavesolvedtheproblemofamplefoodandclothingandquiteafewhavealreadybeenmoderatelybetteroff.,.,14,父亲毕竟比她多吃了几年盐,她的男朋友是什么样的人,父亲一看就知道。Afterall,fatherhaseatenmoresaltthansheovertheyears.Hewillbeabletotellataglancewhetherherboyfriendisamanofcharacter.,.,15,另一种态度,学习的时候用脑筋想一想,学那些和我国情况适合的东西,即吸取对我们有益的经验,我们需

9、要的是这样一种态度。Theotherattitudeistouseourheadsandlearnthosethingswhichsuitourconditions,thatis,toabsorbwhateverexperienceisusefultous.Thatistheattitudeweshouldadopt.,.,16,他很少乘车坐船,几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭,长途跋涉;为了弄清大自然的真相,他总是挑选道路艰险的山区、人迹稀少的森林进行考察,发现了许多奇山秀景。Hewouldwalkacrosshillsanddales,andtrudgelongdistancestofindoutth

10、etruefeaturesofthegreatworldofnature.Hewouldventurefaroutintomountainousareaswiththemosttreacheroustrailsandintojunglesseldomvisitedbyhumanbeings.Therewardforhisworkwasthediscoveryofmanyfantasticallybeautifulscenes.,.,17,对立句,你们的人参酒质量很好，但包装较差，瓶子易碎，纸盒太薄，对我们今后的订货，请每瓶套一只泡沫塑料套，并装在较厚的纸盒内，否则我们只能放弃这个业务。Theq

11、ualityofyourGinsengWineisfine,butitspackingisratherpoor.Bottlesaresubjecttobreakageandthepaperboxesaretoothin.Inourfutureorders,pleaseputeachbottleinafoamedplasticbagbeforeplacingitintothecardboardbox.Otherwise,wewillhavetogiveupthisbusiness.,.,18,这种经营方式的特点是共同投资，共同管理，共负盈亏，可使双方的关系更为密切，协作更为加强，对双方都是有利的

12、。Thefeaturesofthisformofbusinessarejointinvestment,jointmanagementandjointshareinprofitsandlosses.Thesewillbebeneficialtobothpartiesinthattheirrelationwillbemorecloseandthecooperationbestrengthened.,.,19,我在学堂里坐着,心里也闷,不如给他家放牛,倒快活些。Ifeelsittinginschoolboringanyway.Idratherlookafterourneighborsbuffaloe

13、s.前半部分是我在学校里感到闷,后半部分是给他家看牛感到快活。译者在中间处断句,使两部分内容对比更加清晰。,.,20,阐述句,要解决问题,还需做系统而周密的调查研究,这就是分析的过程。Inordertosolvetheproblem,itisnecessarytomakeasystematicandthoroughinvestigation.Thisistheprocessofanalysis.各种语言嘈杂极了,有的在吵架,有的在患难中谈爱,真是一个热闹的世界。Peoplequarreled,andlovers,inspiteofthehardtimes,talkedtoeachotheraf

14、fectionatelyinababeloflanguages.Itwasaverylivelyplace.,.,21,中国目前的教育制度可以分为四个阶段：学前教育，也就是托儿所和幼儿园阶段，然后从六岁开始六年小学，六年中学和四年大学。Atpresent,Chineseeducationalsystemcanbedividedintofourstages.Preschooleducationreferstotheperiodofgoingtonurseriesandkindergartens.Schoolagebeginsatsix.Primaryschoollastsforsixyears,

15、sodoesthesecondaryeducation.Ittakesfouryearsforstudentstofinishtertiaryeducation/tocompletecollegeeducation.,.,22,长句含多层意思时分译，使关系更清晰,我们工厂引进了最先进的工艺和设备来提高印花行业的技术，我们倡导高科技和高生产力，产品质量稳定，花样美观，另外我们还坚持高产低耗的原则。Ourfactoryhasenhancedtheprintingtechnologybybringinginthemostadvancedworkmanshipandequipment.Weadvoca

16、tesophisticatedtechnologyandhighproductivity.Ourproductsenjoystablequalityandbeautifulpatterns.Inaddition,weadheretotheprincipleoflowcostandhighoutput.,.,23,华大妈在枕头底掏了半天,掏出一包洋钱,交给老栓,老栓接了,抖抖的装入衣袋,又在外面按了两下,便点上灯笼,吹熄灯盏,走向里屋去了。(鲁迅药)Aftersomefumblingunderthepillow,hiswifeproducedapacketofsilverdollarswhich

17、shehandedover.OldChuanpocketeditnervously,pattedhispockettwice,thenlightingapaperlanternandblowingoutthelamp,wentintotheinnerroom.,.,24,变序翻译,汉英两民族思维方式上有差异，汉语重时间先后，因果，英语则可按顺序也可逆顺序排列句内语义成分，因此有需要适当调整以符合英语表达习惯。,.,25,因此,如果要使学生充分利用他们(上大学)的机会,就得为他们提供大量关于课程的更为详尽的信息,作更多的指导,这个问题显得越来越重要了Itthereforebecomesmorea

18、ndmoreimportantthat,ifstudentsarenottowastetheiropportunities,therewillhavetobemuchmoredetailedinformationaboutcoursesandmoreadvice.,.,26,1974年8月研究所接到指示说,如果研究成果能应用于市场预测,则研究工作可继续进行。InAugust1974,theInstitutewasinstructedtocarryonitsresearchontheconditionthattheresultofwhichdidhaveausefulnessformarketforecast.,.